CN102362693B

CN102362693B - Core-removing and peeling machine for litchi fruits

Info

Publication number: CN102362693B
Application number: CN201110309329.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐凤英; 陈震; 李长友; 黄志远; 张翰
Original assignee: South China Agricultural University
Current assignee: South China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2011-10-13
Filing date: 2011-10-13
Publication date: 2013-08-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-13
Also published as: CN102362693A

Abstract

The invention provides a core-removing and peeling machine for litchi fruits which has a simple structure and can obtain high-quality pulp. The core-removing and peeling machine for the litchi fruits comprises a drive device and a core-removing device and a graduated disk which are respectively connected with the drive device; material clamps for clamping the litchi fruits are arranged on the graduated disk; the core-removing device comprises a core-poking knife which can reciprocate left and right and a core-poking rod which is used for removing cores; the core-removing and peeling machine for the litchi fruits further comprises a peel annularly-cutting device and a scraping device; the peel annularly-cutting device comprises a knife rest which is connected with the drive device and an annularly-cutting knife which is fixed on the knife rest and can rotate around one litchi fruit so as to cut the litchi fruit into an upper half peel and a lower half peel; the scraping device is arranged above the core-poking knife and comprises two scraping plates which are connected with the drive device; and a position detecting and controlling device which can detect the positions of the litchi fruits and control the scraping plates to move up and down is respectively arranged on one side of each scraping plate close to the graduated disk. The core-removing and peeling machine for the litchi fruits has no need of repeatedly squeezing pulps, so that the juice loss is little and the pulps are complete and are of lantern shapes.

Description

A kind of lichee is except the nuclear skinning machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of processing of farm products device, particularly a kind of lichee is except the nuclear skinning machine.

Background technology

Lichee is tropical fruit (tree), and is seasonal strong, and maturation time is short and concentrated, and the easy variable color of the lichee of plucking is spoiled, is difficult to long preservation, fresh-keeping cost height.That is that all right is ripe except nuclear, peeling treatment technology and lichee deep processing at present is integrated, in the deep-processing process of lichee, need manually finish except nuclear, peeling process, and poor hygienic, efficient is low, the human cost height, large-scale production is restricted.

Chinese patent ZL 201020141853.4 discloses a kind of lantern shape litchi pulp and has obtained machinery, comprises ordering mechanism, feed mechanism, stoning mechanism, roof nucleus mechanism and shelling mechanism.Though this patent with stoning and carrying out property of peeling operation fusion, but this patent structure complexity, process need be pushed repeatedly to pulp, the fruit juice loss is big, and pulp is cracked easily, and pulp and pericarp are not easily separated, and the pulp that obtains is of low quality, production efficiency is low, is difficult to satisfy present lichee industry development demand.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of lichee simple in structure, that can obtain high-quality pulp and removes the nuclear skinning machine.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:

A kind of lichee is except the nuclear skinning machine, comprise drive unit and be connected with drive unit respectively except nuclear device and index dial, described index dial is provided with the feed collet in order to the clamping lichee, except comprising, nuclear device can the left and right sides reciprocatingly discloses the nuclear cutter and in order to the coring rod except nuclear, described lichee also comprises the pericarp ring cutting device except the nuclear skinning machine and scrapes from device, described pericarp ring cutting device comprises that the knife rest that is connected with drive unit be cut into the circular cutter of two halves pericarp up and down with being fixed on the knife rest and can rotating around lichee, described scrape to be located at from device disclose nuclear cutter top, comprise two scraper plates that are connected with drive unit, be provided with near a side of index dial at scraper plate and can detect the lichee position and control the position measuring and controlling device that scraper plate moves up and down.

Described feed collet is two lobe formula ears structures, comprises the right lobe of feed collet left side lobe and feed collet, and the right lobe of feed collet left side lobe and feed collet is hinged by bearing pin, and is with torsion spring on the bearing pin, and the feed collet bottom also is hinged with the supporting plate of middle part perforate by bearing pin.Further, below index dial, be provided with device for discharging, the discharging guide plate that feed collet is opened is installed on the device for discharging.Further, described discharging guide plate is the circular arc convex configuration.

Described disclose nuclear cutter be the pipe shape, the one end is connected with camshaft, four oblique swords that are sharp tooth are circumferentially left in other end end.Preferably, described camshaft is cylindric, has reciprocal helicla flute on it.

Preferably, described knife rest is " Z " font.Described scraper plate is " n " font or " C " font.

Preferably, described pericarp ring cutting device, index dial, except nuclear device with scrape from device and provide power by same drive unit.Further, described drive unit comprises reducing motor and the shaft coupling that is connected with reducing motor and power input shaft.

Because will and scraping from device and pericarp ring cutting device except nuclear device effectively, the present invention merges, making lichee remove the nuclear skinning machine structurally simplifies more, each device provides energy by same drive unit, has increased the harmony between each device, makes that also the job stability of each device is higher.Especially ring cutting device and scraping from the employing of device makes the litchi pulp after the processing more complete, and pulp is the lantern shape, and process does not need pulp is repeatedly pushed, and fruit juice runs off and further reduces.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is blade structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 discloses nuclear cutter and coring rod structural representation for the present invention;

Fig. 4 is feed collet structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is feed collet vertical view of the present invention.

1 first chain,, 2, First sprocket,, 3. The first transmission shaft,, 4. First bevel gear pair,, 5. Second transmission shaft,, 6. First electromagnetic clutch,, 7 The first slider-crank,, 8. first bevel gear, 9 second bevel gear,, 10. oriented flat key,, 11. dial off,, 12. camshaft,, 13 second sprocket,, 14 second chain,, 15 second crank slider,, 16 second electromagnetic clutch,, 17. third sprocket,, 18. scraper,, 19. poke nuclear knife 20., fourth sprocket , 21. poke nuclear rods,, 22. third electromagnetic clutch, 23 second bevel gear pair, 24. circumcision spindle, 25. plates, 26. knife, 27 ring cutter, 28. folder, 281. folders left lobe, 282 folder Right lobe, 283 pin, 284. torsion spring, 285. pallet, 29. indexing plate, 30. Stripper guides, 31. third shaft, 32. sheave, 33. dial, 34. fourth shaft, 35. fifth sprocket, 36. couplings, 37. geared motors, 38., input shaft, 39. third chain, 40. fourth chain, 41., double sprocket, 42. fifth shaft,, 43. position prosecution devices.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.

As Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 5, lichee of the present invention except the nuclear skinning machine comprise drive unit, index dial 29, pericarp ring cutting device, except nuclear device with scrape from device.

Drive unit comprises reducing motor 37, shaft coupling 36 and power input shaft 38, drive unit by each chain and sprocket wheel respectively transmission of power is given index dial 29, pericarp ring cutting device, except nuclear device with scrape from device, in order to finish every operation.

Index dial 29 is round pie, and reducing motor 37 drives dial 33 by shaft coupling 36, power input shaft 38 and the 4th power transmission shaft 34 successively and rotates, and dial 33 drives sheave 32 and rotates, and transmission of power is given index dial 29 the most at last.Be provided with four feed collets 28 at index dial 29 peripheries, feed collet 28 is two lobe formula ears structures, comprises curved feed collet left side lobe 281 and the right lobe 282 of feed collet, and the right lobe 282 of feed collet left side lobe 281 and feed collet is hinged by bearing pin 283, and be with torsion spring 284 on the bearing pin 283, feed collet 28 bottoms also are hinged with the supporting plate 285 of perforate in the middle of by bearing pin 283, manually press feed collet 28 bottoms, are fulcrum with bearing pin 283, realization feed collet 28 is opened, can finish material loading, after loosing one's grip, clamp lichee by torsion spring 284.Index dial 29 begins to rotate under the drive of reducing motor 37, four feed collets 28 on it respectively successively through material loading station, pericarp ring cutting device, except nuclear device and device for discharging.Feed collet 28 during through the material loading stations by manually to its material loading, processed lichee is put into feed collet 28, when the feed collet 28 of carrying lichee secretly forwards the pericarp ring cutting device to, by the pericarp ring cutting device to its ring cutting, lichee pericarp girdling is become two halves up and down, when forwarding to except nuclear device, by disclosing semen litchi except nuclear device, and the pulp that will carry first pericarp secretly separates with second pericarp, and first pericarp separates by scraper plate 18 with pulp, and this moment, the feed collet 28 of carrying second pericarp secretly forwards device for discharging to, device for discharging is located at the below of index dial 29, and discharging guide plate 30 is installed on the device for discharging, and discharging guide plate 30 is the circular arc convex configuration, during feed collet 28 process devices for discharging, the arc-shaped outer surface of feed collet 28 is subjected to the extruding of discharging guide plate 30 arc convex and opens, and following pericarp drops, and finally finishes the nuclear that removes of lichee, peeling.

The pericarp ring cutting device comprises the knife rest 26 that is fixed on the connecting plate 25 and the circular cutter 27 that is fixed on the knife rest 26, and knife rest 26 preferably is arranged to " Z " font, fixes by screw between knife rest 26 and the connecting plate 25, also can pass through adhesive.Ring cutting main shaft 24 is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate 25, and be connected 23 with second bevel gear by ring cutting main shaft 24, second bevel gear is made up of two intermeshing bevel gears 23.Second bevel gear passes through chain to 23, sprocket wheel is connected with reducing motor 37, specifically can realize in the following manner: reducing motor 37 is given the 5th sprocket wheel 35 by shaft coupling 36 and power input shaft 38 with transmission of power, the 5th sprocket wheel 35 drives duplicate sprocket 41 by the 3rd chain 39 and rotates, driving second sprocket wheel 13 by the 4th chain 40 then rotates, second sprocket wheel 13 drives the 4th sprocket wheel 20 by second chain 14 and rotates, the 4th sprocket wheel 20 drives second bevel gear by the 3rd electromagnetic clutch 22 and rotates 23, second bevel gear drives connecting plate 25 to 23 by ring cutting main shaft 24 and rotates, and further drive the circular cutter 27 that is fixed on the knife rest 26 around placing the lichee on the feed collet 28 to rotate, lichee pericarp is cut into two halves up and down.Certainly, as another kind of embodiment, ring cutting device of the present invention also can not comprise connecting plate 25, and directly knife rest 26 is connected with ring cutting main shaft 24.

The present invention discloses nuclear cutter 19 and coring rod 21 except nuclear device comprises, disclose nuclear cutter 19 and be the pipe shape, the one end is connected with camshaft 12, four oblique swords are circumferentially left in other end end, be the sharp tooth structure, root has axial elongated slot, and this design feature makes to be disclosed nuclear cutter 19 and have certain rising property of contracting, can adapt to different fruit stones size and difform lichee.Be provided with coring rod 21 in the inside of disclosing nuclear cutter 19, coring rod 21 passes discloses nuclear cutter 19 and camshaft 12 reciprocating motion about doing under the drive of power transmission, disclose nuclear cutter 19 then by power transmission and do under the effect of camshaft 12 rotation and about move back and forth, station of index dial 29 every feedings, disclosing nuclear cutter 19 moves back and forth once, when index dial 29 forwards to except nuclear device, disclose cut forward lichee in the feed collet 28 of nuclear cutter 19, pierce through first pericarp and pulp, coring rod 21 is disclosed nuclear, when disclosing nuclear cutter 19 rollbacks first pericarp of lichee and pulp are taken back, second pericarp is still stayed in the feed collet 28, and at device for discharging second pericarp is laid down from feed collet 28.

The nuclear cutter 19 of disclosing of the present invention is connected with reducing motor 37 in the following manner: reducing motor 37 drives the 5th sprocket wheel 35 by shaft coupling 36 and power input shaft 38, second bevel gear 9 that the 5th sprocket wheel 35 drives first bevel gear 8 and meshes with first bevel gear 8 by chain 39 and the 5th power transmission shaft 42, second bevel gear 9 is connected with camshaft 12 by dive key 10, camshaft 12 is cylindrical-shaped structure, with disclose nuclear cutter 19 be connected, have reciprocal helicla flute on the camshaft 12, back and forth be fixedly connected with finger 11 in the helicla flute, finger 11 plays guide function in camshaft 12 rotating process, drives to disclose to move back and forth about nuclear cutter 19 is done in rotation.Coring rod 21 of the present invention is connected in the following manner with reducing motor 37: reducing motor 37 drives the 5th sprocket wheel 35 by shaft coupling 36 and power input shaft 38, the 5th sprocket wheel 35 drives duplicate sprocket 41 by the 3rd chain 39, duplicate sprocket 41 drives first sprocket wheel 2 by first chain 1, first sprocket wheel 2 makes first bevel gear rotate 4 by first power transmission shaft 3, first bevel gear is made up of two intermeshing bevel gears 4, first bevel gear is given first electromagnetic clutch 6 by second power transmission shaft 5 with transmission of power to 4, and give the coring rod 21 pass camshaft 12 by first crank block 7 with transmission of power, realize the reciprocating motion of coring rod 21 with this.

Scrape from device and be located at top except nuclear device, comprise two scraper plates 18, two scraper plates 18 are positioned at same level height, each scraper plate 18 is made into " n " font or " C " font, and be connected with second crank block 15, second crank block 15 is connected with second electromagnetic clutch 16, side at scraper plate 18 close index dials 29 is provided with the position measuring and controlling device 43 that is connected with second electromagnetic clutch 16, position measuring and controlling device 43 also is positioned at the top except nuclear device, can detect and disclose entrained lichee in nuclear cutter 19 back off procedure, and further control the folding of second electromagnetic clutch 16, scraper plate 18 is vertically done under the control of second electromagnetic clutch 16 and is pumped.When after disclosing nuclear cutter 19 rollbacks, intert and disclosing the lichee of nuclear on the cutter 19 through position measuring and controlling device 43, position measuring and controlling device 43 makes scraper plate 18 move down and insert between litchi pulp and first pericarp by controlling second electromagnetic clutch 16, at this moment, disclose and move back and forth about nuclear cutter 19 continues to do, litchi pulp and last pericarp are separated.Scrape from device and be connected with reducing motor in the following manner: reducing motor 37 drives the 5th sprocket wheel 35 by shaft coupling 36 and power input shaft 38, the 5th sprocket wheel 35 drives duplicate sprocket 41 by chain 39, duplicate sprocket 41 drives second electromagnetic clutch, 16, the second electromagnetic clutch 16 by 18 motions of second crank block, 15 control scraper plates by the 4th chain 40, second sprocket wheel 13, second chain 14 and the 3rd sprocket wheel 17.

Because the present invention adopts same reducing motor 37 to provide power to index dial 29, pericarp ring cutting device with except nuclear device simultaneously, and power is fully used, and make this overall fitting of removing the nuclear skinning machine more coordinate, more accurate.

The above, only be that this lichee lantern shape gestalt pulp orientation is disclosed nuclear skinning machine examples general, be not that technical scope to machinery imposes any restrictions, so every any modification and equivalent variations of above example being done according to this mechanical technique essence all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. a lichee is except the nuclear skinning machine, comprise drive unit and be connected with drive unit respectively except nuclear device and index dial (29), described index dial (29) is provided with the feed collet (28) in order to the clamping lichee, except comprising, nuclear device can the left and right sides reciprocatingly discloses nuclear cutter (19) and in order to the coring rod (21) except nuclear, it is characterized in that, described lichee also comprises the pericarp ring cutting device except the nuclear skinning machine and scrapes from device, described pericarp ring cutting device comprises the knife rest (26) that is connected with drive unit and is fixed on knife rest (26) to be gone up also and can be cut into the circular cutter (27) of two halves pericarp up and down around the lichee rotation, described scrape from device be located at disclose nuclear cutter (19) top, comprise two scraper plates that are connected with drive unit (18), be provided with near a side of index dial (29) at scraper plate (18) and can detect the lichee position and control the position measuring and controlling device (43) that scraper plate moves up and down.

2. lichee according to claim 1 is except the nuclear skinning machine, it is characterized in that, described feed collet (28) is two lobe formula ears structures, comprise the right lobe (282) of feed collet left side lobe (281) and feed collet, feed collet left side lobe (281) and the right lobe of feed collet (282) are hinged by bearing pin (283), and be with torsion spring (284) on the bearing pin (283), feed collet (28) bottom is hinged with the supporting plate (285) of middle part perforate by bearing pin (283).

3. lichee according to claim 2 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine, and described index dial (29) below is provided with device for discharging, and the discharging guide plate (30) that feed collet (28) is opened is installed on the device for discharging.

4. lichee according to claim 3 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine described discharging guide plate (30) is the circular arc convex configuration.

5. lichee according to claim 1 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine, and the described nuclear cutter (19) of disclosing is the pipe shape, and the one end is connected with camshaft (12), and four oblique swords that are sharp tooth are circumferentially left in other end end.

6. lichee according to claim 5 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine described camshaft (12) is cylindric, has reciprocal helicla flute on it.

7. lichee according to claim 1 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine described knife rest (26) is " Z " font.

8. lichee according to claim 1 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine described scraper plate (18) is " n " font or " C " font.

According to the arbitrary described lichee of claim 1 to 8 except the nuclear skinning machine, it is characterized in that described pericarp ring cutting device, index dial (29), except nuclear device with scrape from device and provide power by same drive unit.

10. lichee according to claim 9 is characterized in that except the nuclear skinning machine described drive unit comprises reducing motor (37) and the shaft coupling (36) that is connected with reducing motor (37) and power input shaft (38).