CN102359557A - Tooth-type automatic reverser with adjustable frequency and intermittent rotating speed - Google Patents
Tooth-type automatic reverser with adjustable frequency and intermittent rotating speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102359557A CN102359557A CN2011102241808A CN201110224180A CN102359557A CN 102359557 A CN102359557 A CN 102359557A CN 2011102241808 A CN2011102241808 A CN 2011102241808A CN 201110224180 A CN201110224180 A CN 201110224180A CN 102359557 A CN102359557 A CN 102359557A
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- input shaft
- rotating speed
- gear
- output shaft
- tooth
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a power transmission device, and in particular relates to a tooth-type automatic reverser with adjustable frequency and intermittent rotating speed, which transmits power through a gear to change the rotating direction of a speed changer or a working machine. The reverser comprises a shell, wherein an input shaft and an output shaft are connected with the shell through bearings; the input shaft is connected with the output shaft through a gear set; a driving gear is provided with a connecting internal tooth and is connected with the input shaft through a bearing; and a driven gear is connected with the output shaft. The reverser is characterized in that: the shell is provided with a reversing mechanism; and when the input shaft rotates at a constant speed, the output shaft can output the same intermittent rotating speed in the same rotating direction, output different rotating speeds in the same rotating direction, output the same rotating speed in different rotating directions, and output different rotating speeds in different rotating directions. The reverser has the advantages of automatic reversing function, high transmitted torque, high transmission efficiency, long service life, compact structure and the like, and can be applied to numerous severe environments in petroleum industry, metallurgical industry, mining industry, chemical industry and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the transfer unit of power, specifically a kind of employing gear comes transferring power, changes the frequency of speed changer or working machine sense of rotation and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed intermittently.
Background technique
As everyone knows, to the switching-over problem of middle powerful device, present universal means is to adopt electrical equipment to control automatically, and its disadvantage is that electrical apparatus element are prone to wear out, the life-span is short, involves great expense.Next is a circuit and automatically the control programming is complicated, and daily maintenance and repair etc. need high-caliber professional workforce, moreover, electrical equipment control generally to the requirement of working environment than higher.
Gear is because processing technology is simple relatively; Cheap; Working environment is not had specific (special) requirements etc., and gear transmission simultaneously also has characteristics such as validity height, efficient is high, the life-span is high, transmitting torque is big, maintenance maintenance is simple and easy to do, so the transmission of power major part all adopts gear assembly.Like tooth clutch, be characterized in that transmitting torque is big, compact structure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that exists in the existing technology, propose a kind of automatic reverse, transmitting torque is big, transmission efficiency is high, the life-span is long, compact structure, working environment is not had the frequency of specific (special) requirements and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently.
The present invention can reach through following measure.
A kind of frequency and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently comprise housing, and input shaft is connected with housing through bearing respectively with output shaft; Input shaft is connected through gear train with output shaft, and driving gear is provided with the connection internal tooth and is connected with input shaft through the bearing transition, and driven gear is connected with output shaft; It is characterized in that housing is provided with changement; Changement is provided with cam bearer, lever support, reverse wheel bearing and spring support, and cam, lever and reverse wheel are connected with cam bearer, lever support and reverse wheel bearing respectively, and an end of spring is connected with spring support; Be respectively equipped with initiatively eccentric pin shaft and passive eccentric pin shaft on the reverse wheel; Lever one end is connected with cam follower one end, the cam follower the other end and cam Intermittent Contact, and the lever the other end is connected with an end of spring respectively, an end of reverse wheel connecting rod is hinged; The other end of reverse wheel connecting rod is hinged with the active bearing pin; One end and the passive bearing pin of shift fork connecting rod are hinged, and the other end is connected with shift fork, and shift fork is connected with thumb wheel on the input shaft.Thumb wheel is connected through spline with input shaft; Thumb wheel is provided with the external tooth with the engagement of driving gear internal tooth; Rotation through cam can make shift fork do straight reciprocating motion, is in driving gear and meshes or separated state to drive thumb wheel on the input shaft, when thumb wheel and driving gear are in engagement; Driving gear rotates with input shaft and drives the output shaft rotation through driven gear; When thumb wheel and driving gear were in separated state, driving gear was with the input shaft rotation, the unpowered input of output shaft and not rotating.
The present invention can be provided with two covers and transmit gear train in housing; Two driving gears are set on input shaft; Thumb wheel is arranged on therebetween, through the engagement of thumb wheel with different driving gears, makes output shaft export identical or different rotating speed, makes turning to of output shaft identical with input shaft or opposite.
The present invention can be provided with the synchronous drive gear train, and the driving gear of synchronous drive gear train is connected with input shaft, and driven gear is connected with camshaft; When input shaft rotates; Camshaft is done straight reciprocating motion also along with rotation thereby drive shift fork, changes the working state of output shaft.
The velocity ratio i of the synchronous drive gear train among the present invention
2With output shaft in operation cycle the revolution of N satisfy relation: aNn
s=n
3i
2Wherein: a is that cam whenever revolves the switching-over number of times that turns around and accomplish; N is that output shaft is accomplished a clockwise and anticlockwise, i.e. operation cycle; n
sBe the revolution (forward and backward revolution sum) of output shaft in operation cycle; n
3Rotating speed for cam; i
2Velocity ratio for the synchromesh gear group.
The present invention can also be provided with plug-in gear train, and the driving gear of plug-in gear train is connected with power input shaft, and driven gear is connected with input shaft.
The present invention under input shaft constant speed rotation status, can make output shaft rotating speed intermittently identical, turn to identical output; Rotating speed is different, turn to identical output; Rotating speed is identical, turn to different outputs; Rotating speed is different, turn to various states such as different outputs; Have automatic reverse, advantages such as transmitting torque is big, transmission efficiency is high, long service life, compact structure; Can be widely used in numerous rugged environment such as oil, metallurgy, mine, chemical industry, also can be applicable in the automatic reversing apparatus of automobile, electric power, boats and ships and big machinery process equipment etc.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a kind of schematic representation of invention, also is a kind of embodiment's schematic representation.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic representation of changement among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the W of Fig. 2 is to schematic representation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
As shown in the figure, a kind of frequency and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently comprise housing 101; Input shaft 201 is connected with housing 101 through bearing respectively with output shaft 301; Input shaft 201 and output shaft 301 are connected through gear train, and driving gear 202 is provided with and connects internal tooth and be connected with input shaft 201 through the bearing transition, and driven gear 302 is connected with output shaft 301; The structure of above-mentioned each constituent element is identical with Placement and existing technology, and this does not give unnecessary details.The invention is characterized in that housing 101 is provided with changement 102; Changement 102 is provided with cam bearer 1, lever support 2, reverse wheel bearing 3 and spring support 4; The structure and the Placement of cam bearer 1, lever support 2, reverse wheel bearing 3 and spring support 4 are identical with existing technology; Can think the wall of housing 101 in housing 101, to be provided with separately like cam bearer 1, this does not give unnecessary details yet.Cam 5, lever 6 and reverse wheel 7 are connected with cam bearer 1, lever support 2 and reverse wheel bearing 3 respectively; The structure of cam 5, lever 6 and reverse wheel 7 and identical with the Placement and the existing technology of cam bearer 1, lever support 2 and reverse wheel bearing 3; Be connected with cam bearer 1 (wall of housing 101) through camshaft, bearing, bearing support like cam 5, this does not give unnecessary details.One end of spring 8 is connected with spring support 4; Be respectively equipped with initiatively eccentric pin shaft 9 and passive eccentric pin shaft 10 on the reverse wheel 7; Initiatively eccentric pin shaft 9 can be located on the circumference of same radius with passive eccentric pin shaft 10, also can be located on the circumference of different radii, to regulate the shift length of shift fork 15; Lever 6 one ends are connected with cam follower 11 1 ends; Cam follower 11 the other ends and cam 5 Intermittent Contact, cam follower 11 also can be through roller 12 and cam 5 Intermittent Contact, to reduce the wearing and tearing to cam.Lever 6 the other ends are connected with an end of spring 8, be hinged with an end of reverse wheel connecting rod 13; The other end of reverse wheel connecting rod 13 is hinged with active bearing pin 9, and an end and the passive bearing pin 10 of shift fork connecting rod 14 are hinged, and the other end of shift fork connecting rod 14 and shift fork 15 are hinged; Shift fork 15 is connected with thumb wheel 16 on the input shaft 101; Thumb wheel 16 and input shaft 101 are connected through spline, and thumb wheel 16 is provided with driving gear 202 internal tooths are meshed and is connected external tooth, and the rotation through cam 5 can make shift fork 15 swings; Thumb wheel 16 to drive on the input shaft 201 is in engagement or separated state with driving gear 202; When thumb wheel 16 and driving gear 202 were in engagement, driving gear 202 drove output shaft 301 rotations with input shaft 201 rotations and through driven gear 302, when thumb wheel 16 and driving gear 202 are in separated state; Driving gear 202 is with input shaft 201 rotation, output shaft 301 unpowered inputs and not rotating.
The present invention can be provided with two sleeve gear groups in housing 101; On input shaft 101, be provided with two driving gears 202,203; Be provided with thumb wheel 16 between two driving gears, make the identical or different rotating speed of output shaft 301 outputs, make turning to of output shaft 301 identical or opposite with input shaft 201 through the thumb wheel 16 and the engagement of driving gear 202 or driving gear 203, the present invention can be provided with the synchronous drive gear train; The driving tooth 401 of synchronous drive gear train is taken turns with input shaft 201 and is connected; Driven gear 402 is connected with the camshaft of cam 5, and when input shaft 201 rotations, camshaft is also along with rotation; Swing thereby drive shift fork 15, change the working state of output shaft 301.In addition, the present invention can also be provided with plug-in gear train, and the driving gear 501 of plug-in gear train is connected with power input shaft, and driven gear 502 is connected with input shaft 201.
The velocity ratio i of the synchronous drive gear train among the present invention
2With output shaft in operation cycle the revolution of N satisfy relation: aNn
s=n
3i
2Wherein: a is that cam whenever revolves the switching-over number of times that turns around and accomplish; N is that output shaft is accomplished a clockwise and anticlockwise, i.e. operation cycle; n
sBe the revolution (forward and backward revolution sum) of output shaft in operation cycle; n
3Rotating speed for cam; i
2Velocity ratio for the synchromesh gear group.
The present invention under input shaft constant speed rotation status, can make output shaft rotating speed intermittently identical, turn to identical output; Rotating speed is different, turn to identical output; Rotating speed is identical, turn to different outputs; Rotating speed is different, turn to various states such as different outputs; Have automatic reverse, advantages such as transmitting torque is big, transmission efficiency is high, long service life, compact structure; Can be widely used in numerous rugged environment such as oil, metallurgy, mine, chemical industry, also can be applicable in the automatic reversing apparatus of automobile, electric power, boats and ships and big machinery process equipment etc.
Transmission of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, and the present invention is divided into power input part (being plug-in gear train), cam rotating speed control gear group, changement and four parts of tooth clutch, and the principle and the function of each several part are following:
The A1 of first portion: power input part (being plug-in gear train) is by gear pair Z
1, Z
2(being commonly called as " change gear ") passes to input shaft 201 to the moment of torsion through the power input shaft input, when changing Z
1, Z
2Gear ratio the time, can change the camshaft of cam 5, the rotating speed of output shaft 301 simultaneously.The input speed of setting shaft I is n
1, the output speed of output shaft 301 is n
2, so
So,, work as n
1One regularly, in order to satisfy speed changer or working machine to n
2Demand, can be through changing i
1, promptly change Z
1, Z
2The number of teeth realize.
Second portion B1: cam rotating speed control gear group, it is by Z
3, Z
4, Z
5, Z
6Form, the setting velocity ratio is i
2, the rotating speed of the camshaft of cam 5, be that the rotating speed of cam is n
3, so
Third part C1: changement is as shown in Figure 2, and when a cam 5 is rotated counterclockwise, when the H point ran to the B point on the cam 5, roller 12 was moved upwards up to B ' point by the B point, and stroke is S
1One end of lever 6 and cam follower 11 tie point P points are moved upward to P ' point with the B point, and stroke is S
2, S
1=S
2When the P point moves upward, can drive lever 6 and rotate around the C of lever support 2 point, the D point of lever 6 the other ends is moved down, produce stroke S3, because S
1=S
2, so
, reverse wheel connecting rod 13 moves downward thereupon, and initiatively eccentric pin shaft 9 moves to E ' point by the E point; Drive reverse wheel 7 and clockwise rotate around reverse wheel bearing 3 fulcrum O, the E point on the reverse wheel produces stroke S4, S4=S3; Passive eccentric pin shaft 10 on the reverse wheel 7 turns clockwise simultaneously and moves to F ' by F, and producing stroke is S5, because E point and F point are to be two points on the same circumference in the center of circle with the O point on the reverse wheel 7; So S5=S4; At this moment, under the drive of passive eccentric pin shaft 10, shift fork connecting rod 14 drives shift fork 15 and runs to K ' point by the K point.Cam 5 continues rotation; Cross the moment that B is ordered when the I point, cam follower 11, lever 6, reverse wheel connecting rod 13 return to original position through Returnning spring 8, and promptly B ' point is returned to the B point; Driving reverse wheel 7 simultaneously is rotated counterclockwise; And recover original position, under the drive of passive eccentric pin shaft 10, shift fork connecting rod 14 drives thumb wheel 15 and gets back to the K point by K ' point.
Passive eccentric pin shaft 10 on the reverse wheel 7 drives thumb wheels 16 through shift fork 15 and does straight reciprocating motion, and its stroke is S6, sets thumb wheel 16 and is respectively t1, t2 in the time that a K and K' point rest; When α=180 °, t1=t2; When α＞180 °, t1＞t2; When α＜180 °, t1＜t2; So, when changing the value of α, can change thumb wheel 16 and put the time of resting at K point and K '.
Simultaneously; Because
; When S1 one timing; Change the position of fulcrum C on lever 6, can change the value of S3; When the fixed-site of fulcrum C on lever 6, change the value of S1, also can change the stroke of entire mechanism; Moreover, make adjustable connection to fulcrum C with being connected of lever 6, lever 6 is made the connecting rod of certain stretchability, and the controllability of entire mechanism stroke can be greatly improved so.
The 4th part D1: tooth clutch, by gear Z
7, Z
8, Z
9, Z
10, Z
11, Z
12, Z
13, Z
14, Z wherein
7=Z
8=Z
9Z
10=Z
11Z
12=Z
13=Z
14
Z
7, Z
8, Z
9Gear train output turns to opposite with the input redirect of power input shaft; Z
10, Z
11Gear pair output turns to identical with the input redirect of power input shaft.Z
12, Z
13, Z
14Gear train is formed twin-direction clutch, wherein Z
12Be external tooth, Z
13, Z
14Be internal tooth.Axle 201 is a splined shaft, clutch Z
12Under the stirring of shift fork, can come and go along axle 201 and slide, thus and Z
13, Z
14Carry out clutch.Work as Z
12And Z
13During engagement, axle 201 passes through Z
12Pass to Z to moment of torsion
7, pass through Z then
8, Z
9Pass to axle 301.Because Z
10Be connected with axle 201 through the bearing transition, so Z
7During work, Z
10Idle running.Work as Z
12And Z
14During engagement, axle 201 passes through Z
12Pass to Z to moment of torsion
10, pass through Z again
11Pass to axle 301.Because Z
7Also be connected with axle 201, so Z through the bearing transition
10During work, Z
7Idle running.
Clutch Z
12Operating frequency control by third part.Because the structural type of cam has determined: in a circular movement of cam, a straight reciprocating motion, i.e. thumb wheel Z are accomplished in switching mechanism
12Accomplish once from (Z
14)-close (Z
13)-from (Z
13)-close (Z
14), promptly output shaft 301 is accomplished a forward and backward conversion.Each once calls an operation cycle if we are just changeing output shaft 301, reversing, and the operation cycle number of times in a minute is N, revolution (the forward revolution n of an interior axle 301 of operation cycle
z, reverse revolution n
f) be n
s(n
s=n
z+ n
f).Because cam whenever rotates a circle, commutator is accomplished an operation cycle, and so, if disregard unit, the value of N equals n
3Value, i.e. N=n
3, because Nn
s=n
2,
3i
2=n
2Nn so
s=n
3i
2, therefore, disregard unit, n
sValue and i
2Value equate, promptly
, work as n
1And i
2One regularly, as long as change i
1Value, just can synchronous change n
3Value with N.That is to say, as long as change the gear pair Z of first portion
1, Z
2The number of teeth of (being commonly called as " change gear ") just can change the commutating frequency of tooth-like automatic commutator.Again because n
sValue equal i
2Value, so work as n
1And i
2One regularly, no matter i
1Value how to change n
sBe always a constant; In other words, be exactly at the input speed of axle I and the velocity ratio [Z of " intermittently adjustable with stroke, vertical and straight reciprocating motion vertical transition mechanism controls gear train "
4Z
6/ (Z
3Z
5)] timing, no matter the Z of first portion
1, Z
2Velocity ratio (the Z of gear pair (being commonly called as " change gear ")
2/ Z
1) how to change the revolution n of axle 301 in an operation cycle
sValue immobilize.
Claims (5)
1. a frequency and the intermittently tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable comprise housing, and input shaft is connected with housing through bearing respectively with output shaft; Input shaft is connected through gear train with output shaft, and driving gear is provided with the connection internal tooth and is connected with input shaft through the bearing transition, and driven gear is connected with output shaft; It is characterized in that housing is provided with changement, changement is provided with cam bearer, lever support, reverse wheel bearing and spring support, and cam, lever and reverse wheel are connected with cam bearer, lever support and reverse wheel bearing respectively; One end of spring is connected with spring support; Be respectively equipped with initiatively eccentric pin shaft and passive eccentric pin shaft on the reverse wheel, lever one end and connecting rod of eccentric wheel one end are hinged, and the eccentric wheel pole the other end and cam are inconsistent; The lever the other end is connected with an end of spring respectively, an end of reverse wheel connecting rod is hinged; The other end of reverse wheel connecting rod is hinged with the active bearing pin, and an end of shift fork connecting rod is connected with passive bearing pin, and the other end of shift fork connecting rod is connected with shift fork; Shift fork is connected with thumb wheel on the input shaft, and thumb wheel is connected through spline with input shaft.
2. a kind of frequency according to claim 1 and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently is characterized in that being provided with in the housing two sleeve gear groups, on input shaft, are provided with two driving gears, are provided with thumb wheel therebetween.
3. a kind of frequency according to claim 1 and 2 and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently is characterized in that being provided with the synchronous drive gear train, and the driving gear of synchronous drive gear train is connected with input shaft, and driven gear is connected with camshaft.
4. a kind of frequency according to claim 3 and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently is characterized in that being provided with plug-in gear train, and the driving gear of plug-in gear train is connected with power input shaft, and driven gear is connected with input shaft.
5. a kind of frequency according to claim 3 and the tooth-like automatic commutator of rotating speed adjustable intermittently is characterized in that the velocity ratio i of synchronous drive gear train
2With output shaft in operation cycle the revolution of N satisfy relation: aNn
s=n
3i
2, wherein: a is that cam whenever revolves the switching-over number of times that turns around and accomplish; N is that output shaft is accomplished a clockwise and anticlockwise, i.e. operation cycle; n
sBe the revolution (forward and backward revolution sum) of output shaft in operation cycle; n
3Rotating speed for cam; i
2Velocity ratio for the synchromesh gear group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110224180.8A CN102359557B (en) | 2011-08-06 | 2011-08-06 | Tooth-type automatic reverser with adjustable frequency and intermittent rotating speed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110224180.8A CN102359557B (en) | 2011-08-06 | 2011-08-06 | Tooth-type automatic reverser with adjustable frequency and intermittent rotating speed |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102359557A true CN102359557A (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| CN102359557B CN102359557B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
Family
ID=45584924
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110224180.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102359557B (en) | 2011-08-06 | 2011-08-06 | Tooth-type automatic reverser with adjustable frequency and intermittent rotating speed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102359557B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2969692A (en) * | 1958-03-31 | 1961-01-31 | Sulzer Ag | Cam drive |
| GB1099905A (en) * | 1964-07-08 | 1968-01-17 | Evg Entwicklung Verwert Ges | Improvements in rectilinear motion mechanisms |
| GB1378783A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1974-12-27 | Boucherie Nv G B | Apparatus for imparting a reciprocating motion to an article |
| CN2888187Y (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-04-11 | 陕西秦川机械发展股份有限公司 | Transmission case for driving rotary table of petroleum drill rig |
| CN201265608Y (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2009-07-01 | 刘星海 | Automatic reversing apparatus |
| CN201526649U (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-07-14 | 运城制版印刷机械制造有限公司 | Reversing gear box |
-
2011
- 2011-08-06 CN CN201110224180.8A patent/CN102359557B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2969692A (en) * | 1958-03-31 | 1961-01-31 | Sulzer Ag | Cam drive |
| GB1099905A (en) * | 1964-07-08 | 1968-01-17 | Evg Entwicklung Verwert Ges | Improvements in rectilinear motion mechanisms |
| GB1378783A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1974-12-27 | Boucherie Nv G B | Apparatus for imparting a reciprocating motion to an article |
| CN2888187Y (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-04-11 | 陕西秦川机械发展股份有限公司 | Transmission case for driving rotary table of petroleum drill rig |
| CN201265608Y (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2009-07-01 | 刘星海 | Automatic reversing apparatus |
| CN201526649U (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-07-14 | 运城制版印刷机械制造有限公司 | Reversing gear box |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102359557B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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