CN102358692B - Inorganic insulation coating for large dam surface, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic insulation coating for large dam surface, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102358692B CN102358692B CN 201110222256 CN201110222256A CN102358692B CN 102358692 B CN102358692 B CN 102358692B CN 201110222256 CN201110222256 CN 201110222256 CN 201110222256 A CN201110222256 A CN 201110222256A CN 102358692 B CN102358692 B CN 102358692B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an inorganic insulation coating for a large dam surface, and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises: according to the mass parts, preparing a solution from an alkali and water, and cooling to a room temperature; pouring the weighed water glass to the solution, adding industrial waste materials, uniformly dispersing; after carrying out a complete reaction, adding a nano-metal oxide material, a surfactant and an inorganic additive, uniformly dispersing to prepare an inorganic polymer matrix material; mixing the prepared inorganic polymer matrix material and hollow glass micro-beads according to the mass ratio, uniformly dispersing to prepare the inorganic insulation coating for the large dam surface. According to the present invention, the prepared inorganic insulation coating of the present invention has good insulation function, can be used only by brushing construction; the post maintenance is easy; the appearance of the large dam is not affected; with the inorganic insulation coating for the large dam surface, the requirements of the large dam surface insulation and the large dam surface protection are met, and the prepared coating can be adopted as the insulation coating for the civilian building external walls.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal insulation coatings and preparation method thereof, especially relate to a kind of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
After 1958, the whole nation has formed the climax of water resources and hydropower construction, and tens big-and-middle-sized hydro project go into operation simultaneously, because history and technology, wherein a large amount of cracks have appearred in many dam concretes.Studies show that there's a sudden fall in temperature is the main reason that causes the mass concrete surface crack, because dam district temperature year changes greatly, rapid drawdown is frequent, bring very large temperature drop to impact for the dam body surface, produce larger thermal stress, very easily cause the dam body surface crack.Therefore, to the control of surface temperature of concrete, as to select suitable lagging material that surface temperature of concrete is control effectively be the effective means of avoiding the crack to produce.
Traditional lagging material such as polystyrene plate thickness are large, need the polylith assembly unit, seam crossing is difficult to fill out fully envelope, cause heat insulation effect to reduce, thereby cause local temperature difference larger, later need to root out when preserving period, when rooting out even can be corrupted to the concrete on dam surface, the subsides trace that stays also has a strong impact on the dam outward appearance.Therefore, the durable thermal insulation coatings that has good heat insulation function and only need brush construction is the ideal thermal insulation coatings in dam surface.
Because dam is in for a long time wet by the rain and burnt by the sun, temperature cataclysm and flowing water and washes away in the special severe environment such as erosion; therefore; the thermal insulation coatings that is painted on the dam surface requires resistance of aging strong; being exposed to for a long time under the physical environment not can efflorescence; have good waterproof and erosion resistibility; can effectively reduce the thermal stress impact that temperature shock causes, protection dam surface is avoided impacting.At present, the civil building exterior wall heat-insulating paint mostly adopt organic or macromolecular material as matrix, water resistance is better but its weather resistance is relatively poor, easily aging and powder phenomenon-tion occurs and cause thermal insulation coatings to peel off to lose insulated capacity, therefore be not suitable as dam concrete surface heat preservation coating under sun exposure.And adopt inorganic materials as the thermal insulation coatings of matrix, although ultraviolet resistance irradiation ability is strong, its water resistance is poor, is unable to undergo dam surface rain drop erosion.
Therefore, inventing a kind of durable thermal insulation coatings that has good heat insulation function and only need brush construction becomes an important and urgent job, also is simultaneously the ideal thermal insulation coatings in dam surface.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned existing background technology, and a kind of dam surface heat preservation coating that excellent heat-insulating property, weather resistance have outstanding mechanical property and water resistance that both had is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings.
For achieving the above object, dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings provided by the present invention comprises inorganic polymer matrix material and hollow glass micropearl, and the mass ratio of described inorganic polymer matrix material and hollow glass micropearl is 20: 1～50: 1; Described inorganic polymer matrix material comprises following component according to mass fraction: 40～45 parts of trade wastes, 40～50 parts of water glass, 2～5 parts in highly basic, 2～5 parts in water, 0～1 part of nano-metal-oxide, 0～2 part of inorganic additives, 0～1 part in tensio-active agent; Described dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings prepares as follows: according to mass fraction, after highly basic and water wiring solution-forming be chilled to normal temperature, load weighted water glass is poured into wherein, the adding trade waste also is uniformly dispersed, after making it fully reaction, add again nano metal oxide materials, tensio-active agent and inorganic additives and be uniformly dispersed, make inorganic polymer matrix material; The inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing is mixed in mass ratio with hollow glass micropearl, be uniformly dispersed, make dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings.
Among the present invention, described trade waste be in metakaolin, kaolin, flyash, slag, the cinder any or several, and contained SiO in this raw material
2, Al
2O
3Be respectively 53 ± 10% and 44 ± 10%.The modulus that described water glass is selected is 1.5～2.7 sodium silicate or potash water glass.Described highly basic is selected sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or slaked lime.Described wet concentration is with distilled water or the tap water that can drink safely.
Nano-metal-oxide is selected nanometer Fe described in the present invention
2O
3, nanometer MnO
2, nano Co
2O
3With among the nanometer CuO one or more, median size 50nm, purity 99.5%～100%.Described inorganic additives is selected one or more in wollastonite, silicon powder, vermiculite and the mica powder.Described tensio-active agent is selected one or more in silane coupling agent, polysorbate60, tween 80 and the sapn.
The preparation method of above-mentioned dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings provided by the present invention, concrete steps are: according to mass fraction, after highly basic and water wiring solution-forming be chilled to normal temperature, load weighted water glass is poured into wherein, the adding trade waste also is uniformly dispersed, after making it fully reaction, add again nano metal oxide materials, tensio-active agent and inorganic additives and be uniformly dispersed, make inorganic polymer matrix material; The inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing is mixed in mass ratio with hollow glass micropearl, be uniformly dispersed, make dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings.
Preferably, in making the finely dispersed process of raw material, adopt the mode that stirs or grind to mix.
The present invention is take trade waste and water glass as main raw material, and the aqueous solution by highly basic excites trade waste generation polymerizations such as making metakaolin to become the inorganic polymer with longer molecule segment; Add the surface energy of decreasing by surfactant inorganic polymer, make matrix surface smooth; Add the rheological of inorganic additives enhancing inorganic polymer, make it have good spreading property; By adjusting the ratio of highly basic and water, change surface drying and the set time of the concentration adjustment inorganic polymer of strong base solution; Add nano-metal-oxide and give thermal insulation coatings heat absorption and thermal radiation capability, proportionally adding at last hollow glass micropearl mixes and is painted on the dam concrete surface, finally obtain the dam facing thermal insulation coatings of with low cost, heat-insulating property, weathering resistance, water-repellancy and comprehensive mechanical property excellence, be used for dam is incubated and prevent that temperature decrease from cracking.
The construction of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings: with water blast gun to the dam surface washing, clean out surperficial floating ash, laitance, floating sand etc., inorganic heat preservation coating with the present invention's preparation after abundant drying is painted on the about 5mm in dam concrete surface, and the covered with plastic film maintenance is 14 days behind the surface drying.
Used inorganic polymer matrix is by SiO
4, AlO
4Tetrahedron forms, and has the netted keyed jointing structure of space three-dimensional on the structure, and therefore, the dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings that makes has excellent weathering resistance, water-repellancy and comprehensive mechanical property.Its excellent heat-insulating property avoids the rapid drawdown of dam surface temperature to cause the generation of dam facing crackle, excellent weather resistance bears solar radiation, temperature shock, alternation of wetting and drying and freeze-thaw cycle, and its outstanding mechanical property and water-repellancy can be resisted current scour, avoid thermal insulation coatings to come off and destroy.Thereby, under sun exposure, also be difficult for agingly, powder phenomenon-tion can not appear, and can not cause thermal insulation coatings to peel off and lose insulated capacity, can well protect dam surface concrete to avoid the erosion damage of external environment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the thermal conductivity of (1) inorganic heat preservation coating is low, and reaching certain thickness can avoid temperature decrease and impact effectively to the dam surface heat preservation, and the dam surface of avoiding causing because of temperature decrease cracks, and guarantees the dam safety operation; (2) utilize the trade wastes such as metakaolin to prepare thermal insulation coatings, raw material is easy to get, and is conducive to the recycle of resource; (3) bonding strength between dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings and concrete has guaranteed that up to more than the 5.00MPa thermal insulation coatings is firm in the dam surface bonding, can not come off; (4) the dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings that makes of the present invention not only has good heat insulation function but also only need brush construction, and late maintaining is easy, can not affect the dam outward appearance.The dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings that the present invention makes not only can satisfy the needs of dam surface surface heat preservation and protection, also can be used as the thermal insulation coatings of civil building exterior wall.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the surperficial microstructure figure of inorganic heat preservation coating of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the section microstructure figure of inorganic heat preservation coating of the present invention.
Fig. 3 be inorganic heat preservation coating with concrete bonding after the microstructure figure of section.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings A
The NaOH of 4kg is joined in the water of 4kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 2.14 sodium silicate joins in the beaker of above-mentioned NaOH solution and stirs with the 50kg modulus, the metakaolin that adds total amount in batches and be 45kg stirs under normal temperature.Add again 0.5kg silane coupling agent, 2kg acicular wollastonite in above-mentioned beaker, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 20: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings A.
Dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings A is coated on the concrete sample surface of handling well, was covered in coating surface maintenance 14 day with plastics film through 30 minutes behind the surface drying.Thermal insulation coatings after curing surface microstructure as shown in Figure 1, as can be seen from the figure, thermal insulation coatings surfacing, flawless.The section microstructure shows the thermal insulation coatings interior solid as shown in Figure 2, flawless, and the spherical glass microballon is evenly distributed in the material matrix.
A carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and test result is as shown in table 1, and in conjunction with tight, adhesiveproperties is excellent between coating and concrete, and bonding strength reaches 5.14MPa.Behind inorganic heat preservation coating A and the concrete bonding microstructure of section as shown in Figure 3, coating is combined closely with concrete, interpenetrate, gapless, show between coating and concrete bonding firmly.
Table 1: the fundamental property of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings A
Embodiment 2: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings B
In the inorganic polymer matrix material prescription of above-mentioned dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings A, add again the nanometer Fe of 0.5kg median size 50nm
2O
3, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 50: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings B.
B carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.44MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.11W/ (mK).
Embodiment 3: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings C
The slaked lime of 3kg is joined in the water of 5kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 1.5 potash water glass joins in the beaker of above-mentioned slaked lime solution and stirs with the 45kg modulus, the flyash that adds total amount in batches and be 40kg stirs under normal temperature.Add the 0.7kg nanometer Fe
2O
3, 1kg silane coupling agent, 1kg acicular wollastonite and 1 part of mica powder in above-mentioned beaker, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 35: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings C.
C carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.02MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.09W/ (mK).
Embodiment 4: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings D
The potassium hydroxide of 5kg is joined in the water of 2kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 1.5 potash water glass joins in the beaker of above-mentioned potassium hydroxide solution and stirs with the 50kg modulus, the kaolin that adds total amount in batches and be 45kg stirs under normal temperature, obtains inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 40: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings D.
D carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.22MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.09W/ (mK).
Embodiment 5: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings E
The sodium hydroxide of 3kg is joined in the water of 5kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 2.0 sodium silicate joins in the beaker of above-mentioned sodium hydroxide solution and stirs with the 45kg modulus, the slag that adds total amount in batches and be 40kg stirs under normal temperature.Add 0.8kg nanometer MnO
2, 1.2kg polysorbate60,0.9kg silicon powder in above-mentioned beaker, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 40: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings E.
E carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.10MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.09W/ (mK).
Embodiment 6: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings F
The potassium hydroxide of 5kg is joined in the water of 5kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 1.8 potash water glass joins in the beaker of above-mentioned sodium hydroxide solution and stirs with the 43kg modulus, the slag that adds total amount in batches and be 45kg stirs under normal temperature.Add 0.5kg nanometer MnO
2, the 0.3kg nano Co
2O
3, 1kg tween 80,2kg mica powder in above-mentioned beaker, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 45: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings F.
F carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.20MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.10W/ (mK).
Embodiment 7: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings G
The slaked lime of 5kg is joined in the water of 5kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 2.5 sodium silicate joins in the beaker of above-mentioned slaked lime solution and stirs with the 48kg modulus, the cinder that adds total amount in batches and be 45kg stirs under normal temperature.Add the 0.5kg nano Co
2O
3, 0.5kg nanometer CuO, 1kg sapn, 1.5kg vermiculite in above-mentioned beaker, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 40: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings G.
G carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.00MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.08W/ (mK).
Embodiment 8: the preparation of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings H
The sodium hydroxide of 2kg is joined in the water of 2kg, and the stirring and dissolving wiring solution-forming leaves standstill cooling in beaker.Be that 2.7 sodium silicate joins in the beaker of above-mentioned sodium hydroxide solution and stirs with the 40kg modulus, add 20kg flyash and the 25kg slag stirs in batches under normal temperature.Add 0.5kg nanometer CuO, 1.0kg wollastonite in above-mentioned beaker, fully stir, obtain inorganic polymer matrix material.Be to mix at 30: 1 in mass ratio with the inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing and hollow glass micropearl, stir, obtain dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings H.
H carries out serial performance test to inorganic heat preservation coating, and its bonding strength is 5.16MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.07W/ (mK).
Claims (9)
1. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings, it is characterized in that: it comprises inorganic polymer matrix material and hollow glass micropearl, the mass ratio of described inorganic polymer matrix material and hollow glass micropearl is 20:1 ~ 50:1; Described inorganic polymer matrix material comprises following component according to mass fraction: 40 ~ 45 parts of trade wastes, 40 ~ 50 parts of water glass, 2 ~ 5 parts in highly basic, 2 ~ 5 parts in water, 0 ~ 1 part of nano-metal-oxide, 0 ~ 2 part of inorganic additives, 0 ~ 1 part in tensio-active agent; Described dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings prepares as follows: according to mass fraction, after highly basic and water wiring solution-forming be chilled to normal temperature, load weighted water glass is poured into wherein, the adding trade waste also is uniformly dispersed, after making it fully reaction, add again nano metal oxide materials, tensio-active agent and inorganic additives and be uniformly dispersed, make inorganic polymer matrix material; The inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing is mixed in mass ratio with hollow glass micropearl, be uniformly dispersed, make dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings, the modulus that described water glass is selected is 1.5 ~ 2.7 sodium silicate or potash water glass.
2. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described trade waste be in metakaolin, kaolin, flyash, slag, the cinder any or several, and contained SiO in this raw material
2, Al
2O
3Be respectively 53 ± 10% and 44 ± 10%.
3. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described highly basic is selected sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or slaked lime.
4. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described wet concentration is with distilled water or the tap water that can drink safely.
5. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nano-metal-oxide is selected nanometer Fe
2O
3, nanometer MnO
2, nano Co
2O
3With among the nanometer CuO one or more, median size 50nm, purity 99.5% ~ 100%.
6. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described inorganic additives is selected one or more in wollastonite, silicon powder, vermiculite and the mica powder.
7. dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tensio-active agent is selected one or more in silane coupling agent, polysorbate60, tween 80 and the sapn.
8. the method for preparing the described dam surface inorganic of above-mentioned arbitrary claim thermal insulation coatings, it is characterized in that: according to mass fraction, after highly basic and water wiring solution-forming be chilled to normal temperature, load weighted water glass is poured into wherein, the adding trade waste also is uniformly dispersed, after making it fully reaction, add again nano metal oxide materials, tensio-active agent and inorganic additives and be uniformly dispersed, make inorganic polymer matrix material; The inorganic polymer matrix material for preparing is mixed in mass ratio with hollow glass micropearl, be uniformly dispersed, make dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings.
9. the preparation method of dam surface inorganic thermal insulation coatings according to claim 8 is characterized in that: in making the finely dispersed process of raw material, adopt the mode that stirs or grind to mix.
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| CN100462412C (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2009-02-18 | 厦门大学 | Tunnel fireproof paint based on nano-surface-treatment technology and method for making same |
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