CN102358618B - Gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler - Google Patents
Gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102358618B CN102358618B CN2011101840188A CN201110184018A CN102358618B CN 102358618 B CN102358618 B CN 102358618B CN 2011101840188 A CN2011101840188 A CN 2011101840188A CN 201110184018 A CN201110184018 A CN 201110184018A CN 102358618 B CN102358618 B CN 102358618B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Abstract
The present invention discloses a gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler, and belongs to the technical field of a fusion reactor liquid cladding. The gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium-lead alloy bubbler comprises two parts of a main circuit system and an assistant system. The main circuit system comprises a lithium lead saturator, a filler tower, a lithium lead collector, a gas circuit and a liquid flowing path. The assistant system comprises a measurement-control system and a vacuum system. According to the gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler of the present invention, the filler tower is arranged; after passing through a porous diffuser, the hydrogen isotope-saturated lithium lead alloy melt flows through a stainless steel filler from top to bottom, and exchanges with belt-carried gas, wherein the belt-carried gas flows through the stainless steel filler from bottom to top; the extraction effect of the hydrogen isotope is significant; the solubility measurement of the hydrogen isotope in the liquid lithium lead is accurate; the high temperature sealing performance is good; the case of plugging due to impurities is not easily generated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fusion reactor liquid blanket technical field, be specifically related to a kind of gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler.
Background technology
Fusion reactor is one of the most rising energy resource system, and the international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor (ITER) of nowadays European Union, U.S., day, Russia, seal, Korea Spro, medium multinational cooperation is exactly a representative progress sign.The difunctional liquid lithium plumbous test covering (DFLL-TBM) that China participates in is made earnest efforts one of covering scheme of considering at present.One of characteristics of DFLL-TBM are tritium breeding ratio (TBR) height, can adopt helium-hydrogen blister device mode to extract tritium from liquid lithium lead.Tritium processing unit as one of DFLL-TBM important composition, be arranged on the branch road of covering major loop, prop up the plumbous share of lithium of pass 10% left and right sides flow, its major function is to extract tritium continuously from the bubbler device by purge gas carrier distillation method, by the monitoring to operational factors such as temperature, pressure, gas ingredients-flow, tritium concentrations, valid data such as producing tritium amount, tritium extraction rate are provided, thus the reliability of check tritium treatment process.The tritium processing unit is comprised of two parts: the one, be arranged in the bubbler (LLLB) of transport vehicle; The 2nd, be arranged in the tritium extraction system (TES) of tritium factory.
External achievement in research shows that the method for extracting the continued operation of tritium from liquid lithium lead mainly contains four kinds: the one, and the film osmosis of the U.S.; The 2nd, the intermediate heat medium channel of Japan is set up the cold-trap method; The 3rd, Muscovite spray-on process; The 4th, the bubbling packed column method of France.Most popular, the most successful is the 4th kind of method at present, but also has the technical barriers such as with high costs, that sampling is difficult, measuring process is loaded down with trivial details.
Because do not have the corresponding demand traction, domestic extractive technique to tritium in the Li-Pb alloy is not yet carried out any research, has only carried out some work at aspects such as Li-Pb alloy performance, material corrosion, equipment research and development.Western countries carry out strict control to China aspect the sensitive technologies such as tritium, aspect tritium multiplication agent material technology also without the related data reference.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that cost is high, sampling is difficult, measuring process is loaded down with trivial details in order to overcome bubbler in the prior art the invention provides a kind of gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler, can realize the continuous extraction of hydrogen isotope gas in the Liquid LiPb Alloy.
Gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler of the present invention is characterized in, described bubbler contains primary heat transport system and backup system two parts; Primary heat transport system comprises the plumbous saturator of lithium, packed tower, the plumbous gatherer of lithium, gas return path and liquid stream, and wherein liquid stream comprises the plumbous electromagnetic pump of high-temperature pipe, high-temperature valve and lithium.Backup system comprises temperature control instrument and vacuum pump.The top of described primary heat transport system is provided with the plumbous saturator of lithium, and packed tower is arranged at the middle part of primary heat transport system, the bottom that the plumbous gatherer of lithium is arranged at.The bottom of the plumbous saturator of lithium is connected with the packed tower top by the first high-temperature valve; The bottom of packed tower is connected by the top of the second high-temperature valve with the plumbous gatherer of lithium; Be arranged on and be disposed with porous decollator, column plate, gas inducting device in the tower reactor in the packed tower, stainless steel helices places on the column plate, is provided with two well heaters in the periphery of packed tower.The bottom of the plumbous gatherer of lithium is successively by being connected with the top of the plumbous saturator of lithium behind third high temperature valve, the plumbous electromagnetic pump of lithium.All connect by high-temperature pipe between the plumbous saturator of lithium, packed tower, the plumbous gatherer of lithium; The gas return path that is comprised of three loops is arranged at a side of primary heat transport system, hydrogen cylinder in the gas return path is connected with the plumbous saturator of lithium top, argon bottle is connected with the top of the plumbous saturator of lithium, the top of the plumbous gatherer of lithium respectively, and helium tank is connected with the packed tower bottom by the distribution tank.Temperature control instrument and vacuum pump are arranged at the opposite side of primary heat transport system.Described temperature control instrument respectively with the plumbous saturator of lithium in primary heater, two well heaters of packed tower periphery, the plumbous gatherer of lithium in the 3rd well heater be connected.Described vacuum pump is connected with the plumbous saturator of lithium, packed tower, the plumbous gatherer of lithium respectively.
The present invention theoretically, the solution-air two-phase contact process of hydrogen isotope and liquid lithium lead is following content, the diffusion and convection of hydrogen isotope in molten alloy; Hydrogen isotope is by the diffusion of the alloy-layer that links to each other with gas-liquid interface; The heterogeneous reaction of hydrogen isotope atom restructuring occurs at the interface; Hydrogen isotope is by the diffusion of gas phase boundary; The diffusion and convection of the hydrogen isotope in the gas phase.To under the operating conditions of different temperatures, hydrogen isotope dividing potential drop, helium flow amount, the dynamics release behavior of hydrogen isotope from liquid lithium lead carried out mathematical simulation.Calculating shows: in the temperature range of 633K-723K, the whole dispose procedure of hydrogen isotope from liquid lithium lead to gas phase is hydrogen (or deuterium, the tritium) diffusion of atom in alloy and result in the restructuring of gas-liquid interface generation heterogeneous reaction.When the He flow increases, hydrogen isotope dividing potential drop under the different temperatures is tending towards reducing with consistent, and the diffusion dissolution in this explanation liquid phase is relatively insoluble, in other words, in the gentle alternate resistance to mass tranfer in liquid phase surface, it is very little comparing with the resistance that diffuses into wall and move the liquid phase layer.Theoretic explanation may be the moire effect of alloy-layer wall and helium shock effect combined action and cause the increase of solution-air surface of contact.
The plumbous saturator of lithium among the present invention is positioned at the upper end of primary heat transport system, and its bottom is connected with the packed tower top by high-temperature pipe, and its function is to provide hydrogeneous isotopic Li-Pb alloy for packed tower.Packed tower is positioned at the middle part of primary heat transport system, is core component, and its function is to realize the counterflow exchange of carrier band gas and liquid lithium lead.The bottom of the plumbous gatherer of lithium is connected with the top of the plumbous saturator of lithium by high-temperature pipe and the plumbous electromagnetic pump of lithium, and its function is the Li-Pb alloy after the solution-air exchange test is finished in collection, i.e. the discharging of liquid lithium lead after the acceptance operation.Gas return path is positioned at a side of primary heat transport system, its function is to provide for packed tower high-purity carrier band gas of solution-air exchange, realize the saturated of hydrogen isotope in the liquid lithium lead, assistive drive liquid lithium lead flows the composition of sample analysis hydrogen isotope-carrier band combination gas in major loop.Liquid stream connects into closed stream with the plumbous saturator of lithium, packed tower and the plumbous gatherer of lithium, and its function is to ensure flowing smoothly of Liquid LiPb Alloy.Temperature control instrument and vacuum pump all are positioned at a side of primary heat transport system, and its function provides the required temperature of gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler and vacuum tightness.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler is provided with packed tower, Li-Pb alloy melt after hydrogen isotope is saturated is behind the porous decollator, the stainless steel helices of flowing through from top to bottom, exchange with carrier band gas from bottom to top, the hydrogen isotope extraction effect is obvious, and the solubleness of hydrogen isotope in liquid lithium lead is measured accurately, elevated-temperature seal is functional, and impurity is difficult for stopping up.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler of the present invention.
In figure, 1. plumbous electromagnetic pump 9. serpentine cooler 10. compression pump 11. gas sample tank 12. distribution tank 13. gas flowmeter 14. vavuum pump 15. temperature control instrument 16. primary heater 17. column plate 18. hydrogen cylinder 19. argon bottle 20. helium tank 21. secondary heaters 23. the 3rd heater 24. second high-temperature valve 25. third high temperature valve 26. sensor II of plumbous saturator plumbous collector 4. sensor I 5. first high-temperature valve 6. porous disperser 7. gas inducting device 8. lithiums of 2. packed tower 3. lithiums of lithium.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler of the present invention.A kind of gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler of the present invention among Fig. 1 contains primary heat transport system and backup system two parts; Primary heat transport system comprises the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium, packed tower 2, the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium, gas return path and liquid stream, and wherein liquid stream comprises the plumbous electromagnetic pump 8 of high-temperature pipe, high-temperature valve and lithium; Backup system comprises temperature control instrument 15 and vacuum pump 14.The top of described primary heat transport system is provided with the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium, and packed tower 2 is arranged at the middle part of primary heat transport system, and the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium is arranged at the primary heat transport system bottom.In the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium, be provided with primary heater 16 and sensor I4.The bottom of the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium is connected with packed tower 2 tops by the first high-temperature valve 5; The bottom of packed tower 2 is connected by the top of the second high-temperature valve 24 with the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium.Be arranged on and be disposed with porous decollator 6, column plate 17, gas inducting device 7 in the tower reactor in the packed tower 2, stainless steel helices places on the column plate 17, is provided with two well heaters in the periphery of packed tower, and secondary heater 21 is one of them.Packed tower 2 also is connected successively with serpentine cooler 9, compression pump 10, gas sample tank 11.Be provided with the 3rd well heater 23, sensor II 26 in the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium, the bottom of the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium is successively by being connected with the top of the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium behind third high temperature valve 25, the plumbous electromagnetic pump 8 of lithium; All connect by high-temperature pipe between the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium, packed tower 2, the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium; The gas return path that is comprised of three loops is arranged at a side of primary heat transport system, hydrogen cylinder 18 in the gas return path is connected with the plumbous saturator of lithium 1 top, argon bottle 19 is connected with the top of the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium, the top of the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium respectively, and helium tank 20 is connected with packed tower 2 bottoms by distribution tank 12, gas meter 13; Temperature control instrument and vacuum pump are arranged at the opposite side of primary heat transport system.
Described temperature control instrument respectively with the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium in primary heater 16, two well heaters in the packed tower 2, the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium in the 3rd well heater 23 be connected.
Described vacuum pump 14 is connected with the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium, packed tower 2, the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium respectively.
Specific works flow process of the present invention is: at first utilize vacuum pump 14 that primary heat transport system is vacuumized, utilize primary heater 16 heating lithiums plumbous, fill hydrogen with hydrogen cylinder 18 liquid towards Li-Pb alloys in that the plumbous saturator of lithium 1 is interior, the variation of sensor I 4 monitoring hydrogen content in lithium lead reaches respectively the required state of saturation of work.Regulate the protection atmospheric pressure; utilize the plumbous self gravitation of lithium; open the first high-temperature valve 5; hydrogeneous isotopic liquid lithium lead is imported packed tower 2 by high-temperature pipe; after porous decollator 6, column plate 17 forms liquid films, with from helium tank 20, distribution tank 12 out, carry out isotope exchange and carrier band through gas meter 13, gas inducting device 7 upstream carrier band gas.The working temperature of packed tower 2 is by the peripheral secondary heater that arranges 21 of packed tower and the control of another well heater.Liquid lithium lead after reaction finishes flows into the plumbous gatherer 3 of lithium by high-temperature pipe and the second high-temperature valve 24, treat that the next round experiment can rely on again the 3rd well heater 23 to reheat when needing, return the plumbous saturator 1 of lithium by third high temperature valve 25, high-temperature pipe, the plumbous electromagnetic pump 8 of lithium successively.The variation of hydrogen isotope content in the plumbous gatherer 3 of sensor II 26 monitoring lithiums.Combination gas after the exchange from packed tower 2 out after, behind serpentine cooler 9, compression pump 10, enter gas sample tank 11 and carry out stratographic analysis.Calculate the exchange carrier band efficiency index of single-wheel and accumulative total, and change the plumbous melt temperatures of lithiums by temperature control instrument 15, and with pressure, carrier gas composition and flow, porous decollator 6 apertures and distribute as the parameter study object.Guarantee that all containers, valve and seal for pipe joints are functional, anti-sealing, carbon dioxide, oxygen react with liquid lithium lead, utilize argon gas that argon bottle 19 provides as protecting gas.Whole primary heat transport system is fixed on the iron stand.
It is worth mentioning that the present invention includes two kinds of situations in consideration: the one, the purification of lithium lead.Impurity in the liquid lithium lead (being mainly dystectic lithium lead oxides) separate out the obstruction that might cause duct in the first high-temperature valve 5, the second high-temperature valve 24, the third high temperature valve 25 or even the obstruction of high-temperature pipe.The purification style of taking under the existence conditions is to place the stainless steel screen pack at the import and export place, tackles dystectic lithium lead oxides; The 2nd, strictly control the content of C in Fe in the Li-Pb alloy, C, S impurity and the container, S impurity.
Claims (3)
1. gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler, it is characterized in that: described bubbler contains primary heat transport system and backup system two parts; Primary heat transport system comprises the plumbous saturator (1) of lithium, packed tower (2), the plumbous gatherer (3) of lithium, gas return path and liquid stream, and wherein liquid stream comprises the plumbous electromagnetic pump (8) of high-temperature pipe, high-temperature valve and lithium; Backup system comprises temperature control instrument (15) and vacuum pump (14); The top of described primary heat transport system is provided with the plumbous saturator (1) of lithium, and packed tower (2) is arranged at the middle part of primary heat transport system, and the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3) is arranged at the bottom of primary heat transport system; The bottom of the plumbous saturator of lithium (1) is connected with packed tower (2) top by the first high-temperature valve (5); The bottom of packed tower (2) is connected by the top of the second high-temperature valve (24) with the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3); Be arranged on and be disposed with porous decollator (6), column plate (17), gas inducting device (7) in the tower reactor in the packed tower (2), stainless steel helices places on the column plate (17), is respectively arranged with two well heaters in the periphery of packed tower (2); The bottom of the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3) is successively by being connected with the top of the plumbous saturator of lithium (1) behind third high temperature valve (25), the plumbous electromagnetic pump of lithium (8); All connect by high-temperature pipe between the plumbous saturator (1) of lithium, packed tower (2), the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3); The gas return path that is comprised of three loops is arranged at a side of primary heat transport system, hydrogen cylinder in the gas return path (18) is connected with the plumbous saturator (1) of lithium top, argon bottle (19) is connected with the top of the plumbous saturator of lithium (1), the top of the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3) respectively, and helium tank (20) is connected with packed tower (2) bottom by distribution tank (12); Temperature control instrument (15) and vacuum pump (14) are arranged at the opposite side of primary heat transport system.
2. gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described temperature control instrument (15) is connected with peripheral two well heaters that arrange of primary heater (16), packed tower, the 3rd well heater (23) in the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3) in the plumbous saturator of lithium (1) respectively.
3. gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described vacuum pump (14) is connected with the plumbous saturator (1) of lithium, packed tower (2), the plumbous gatherer of lithium (3) respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101840188A CN102358618B (en) | 2011-07-04 | 2011-07-04 | Gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler |
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| CN2011101840188A CN102358618B (en) | 2011-07-04 | 2011-07-04 | Gas-liquid exchange type liquid lithium lead alloy bubbler |
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| CN102358618B true CN102358618B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103439227B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-04-29 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Liquid lithium lead compatibility static testing device |
| CN104891403B (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2017-01-18 | 浙江大学台州研究院 | Suspension shock absorber shock absorption liquid vacuum filling system and suspension shock absorber shock absorption liquid vacuum filling method |
| CN105976872B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-11-17 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of processing unit of fusion-fission hybrid reactor fusion target chamber product |
| CN107067918B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-02-19 | 西南石油大学 | The helium experimental loop device of fusion reactor |
| CN108922636B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2021-12-24 | 安徽大学 | Vacuum atomization spiral nozzle device and method for online tritium extraction of fusion reactor liquid metal cladding |
| CN109541674B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-11-24 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Multistage vacuum screening device and method suitable for online extraction of tritium in liquid metal loop |
| CN112999869A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军炮兵防空兵学院 | Device and method for continuously extracting tritium from fusion reactor liquid metal lithium-lead alloy |
Citations (3)
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| GB2040555A (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-08-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Gettering vacuum systems |
| CN101145407A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-03-19 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Fusion reactor liquid metal hot convection experiment loop and experiment method |
| CN201637614U (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-11-17 | 秦山第三核电有限公司 | Portable tritium bubble sampling device |
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2011
- 2011-07-04 CN CN2011101840188A patent/CN102358618B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2040555A (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-08-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Gettering vacuum systems |
| CN101145407A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-03-19 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Fusion reactor liquid metal hot convection experiment loop and experiment method |
| CN201637614U (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-11-17 | 秦山第三核电有限公司 | Portable tritium bubble sampling device |
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