CN102353603A - Method for measuring nucleating performance and icing performance of aerosol generating agent - Google Patents
Method for measuring nucleating performance and icing performance of aerosol generating agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN102353603A CN102353603A CN2011101631939A CN201110163193A CN102353603A CN 102353603 A CN102353603 A CN 102353603A CN 2011101631939 A CN2011101631939 A CN 2011101631939A CN 201110163193 A CN201110163193 A CN 201110163193A CN 102353603 A CN102353603 A CN 102353603A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring nucleating performance and icing performance of an aerosol generating agent, belonging to the technical field of weather modification, comprising the following steps: fixing an aerosol generating agent sample on an aerosol generating agent ignition unit; setting a cryogenic temperature, turning on an ultrasonic spraying unit, and simultaneously turning on the aerosol generating agent ignition unit, after releasing the aerosol by completely burning, turning off and starting timing; and weighing with a tray to obtain the ratio of supercooled steam changing into solid rainfall. According to the invention, the influence of the temperature, the amount of the supercooled water, the catalysis time, and the type, quality and release type of the aerosol generating agent and other parameters on the nucleating performance and icing performance of the aerosol generating agent can be measured; and the ratio or mass of solid rainfall is used to measure the nucleating performance and icing performance of the aerosol generating agent, the capacity of changing the supercooled steam into solid rainfall at certain conditions of temperature and reaction time after releasing the aerosol of certain mass can be measured visually. The method is convenient and efficient, and accurate and visual.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring, belong to the artificial affecting weather technology field.
Background technology
Artificial affecting weather technology such as rainmaking, artificial hail dispersal is widespread use in social life is produced.Its principle is to utilize the silver iodide aerogel generating agent in the cold cloud layer, to produce a large amount of agi grains; Because of the silver iodide crystal structure the most similar with the crystal structure of ice; Steam can be that karyomorphism becomes ice crystal with the agi grains; These ice crystals increase rapidly through the Bai Jielong process, will promote cold cloud precipitation process.The silver iodide nucleus of introducing is many more, and the effect of manual intervention is just good more.Nucleation rate is exactly a notion of reflection silver iodide aerogel generating agent cold cloud catalytic capability, the ice crystal number that promptly every gram silver iodide can produce.
The purpose of Weather modification operations such as artificial snowing, manual intervention sleet is in order the steam in the cloud layer to be become the form of snowflake or little ice pellets, to form solid precipitation.This moment, this notion of nucleation rate just can not reflect the ability of aerogel generating agent cold cloud catalysis nucleation Cheng Bing well.For this reason; We have proposed a kind of method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring; Not only can detect with silver iodide the nucleation one-tenth ice performance of the aerogel generating agent that is catalyzer, the nucleation that can also detect the cold cloud catalysis aerogel generating agent that contains other catalyzer becomes the ice performance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to propose a kind of method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme.
A kind of method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring of the present invention, its concrete steps are:
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet in its bottom; And closed container is placed in the low temperature cabinet;
2) survey aerogel generating agent sample is fixed on the aerogel generating agent portfire in the closed container, checks the rubber strip of closed container then, close sealed door;
3) open low temperature cabinet refrigeration switch, set cryogenic temperature, in closed container, make one and cross cold environment, the humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container treats that temperature reaches setting value;
4) open the ultrasonic atomization device, the spray volume of control steam, the steam of ejection carries out precooled through the pipeline in the low temperature cabinet, forms subcooled water vapour, feeds mouth through the subcooled water vapour on the closed container then and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, open the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire; Through electric ignition gasoloid is discharged in the closed container, through closing the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire after the transparent windows observation aerogel generating agent perfect combustion release and picking up counting;
5) after the off-test, close the ultrasonic atomization device, close the refrigeration switch of low temperature cabinet; Take out the pallet of closed container bottom at once, weighing drops on snowflake and the quality of tiny ice pellets on the pallet;
The formation that drops on snowflake and tiny ice pellets on the pallet is to be discharged in the closed container and in closed container, to form aerosol particles at aerogel generating agent; Subcooled water vapour is that karyomorphism becomes little ice crystal with the aerosol particles; little ice crystal is constantly grown up and formed little snowflake or tiny ice pellets, does not live them up to the cloud and mist holder and drops on closed container bottom or the pallet with the form of solid precipitation;
6) can calculate the total amount of closed container bottom solid precipitation by the ratio of closed container floorage and tray area; Solid precipitation total amount bottom closed container can get the ratio that subcooled water vapour becomes solid precipitation, i.e. the efficient of aerogel generating agent cold cloud catalysis nucleation Cheng Bing than the subcooled water vapour total amount of last feeding.
Can weigh the nucleation of different aerogel generating agents under identical conditions with this ratio and become the ice performance.Ratio is high more, and the performance of its nucleation Cheng Bing is just good more.Feed subcooled water vapour one timing in the closed container in unit interval, the solid precipitation total amount value of also available closed container bottom quantitatively weighs the nucleation one-tenth ice performance of aerogel generating agent under a certain condition.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in closed container, lighting device can also be installed in, be used for illumination.
Above-mentioned steps 2) aerogel generating agent is silver iodide aerogel generating agent or the cold cloud catalysis aerogel generating agent that contains other catalyzer in.
Above-mentioned steps 3) humiture measurement mechanism in can be digital Temperature and Humidity appearance or mechanical type Hygrothermograph.
The manufacturing of the mistake cold environment above-mentioned steps 3) is that closed container and the convection current of low temperature cabinet and heat transfer effect make that temperature reaches required low temperature in the closed container; Low temperature cabinet refrigeration work consumption is 12kw, and lowest refrigerating temperature can reach-50 ℃, and temperature-controlled precision is 0.1 ℃, but obtains-12 ℃ mistake cold environment of uniform distribution of temperature field in the 30min, helps improving the efficient of test;
Above-mentioned steps 4) subcooled water vapour is made by the ultrasonic atomization device in, and atomization quality is controlled, and the raw material of ullrasonic spraying is a kind of in ultrapure water, tap water, rainwater or the icing water with certain electric conductance.Carry out in the pipeline of the precooled of subcooled water vapour in the low temperature cabinet, the purpose of precooled is to the evenly influence of supercooling temperature field in the closed container for fear of the feeding of subcooled water vapour.
The release of the aerogel generating agent above-mentioned steps 4) also can be lighted release in closed box after, the mixing air that sampling contains the gasoloid particulate is injected in the closed container through the gasoloid filling orifice.Which kind of delivery mode no matter, aerogel generating agent can disposable release or injection as required, also can repeatedly discharge at interval or be injected in the closed container.
Said method can also be to have a compressor to carry out self freezing in the closed container to make cold environment, and need not be placed in the low temperature cabinet, and concrete steps are:
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet in its bottom; Closed container has a refrigerating plant;
2) survey aerogel generating agent sample is fixed on the aerogel generating agent portfire in the closed container, checks the rubber strip of closed container then, close sealed door;
3) open the refrigeration switch of closed container, set cryogenic temperature, in closed container, make one and cross cold environment, the humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container treats that temperature reaches setting value;
4) open the ultrasonic atomization device, the spray volume of control steam feeds mouth through the subcooled water vapour on the closed container and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, open the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire; Through electric ignition gasoloid is discharged in the closed container, through closing the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire after the transparent windows observation aerogel generating agent perfect combustion release and picking up counting;
5) after the off-test, close the ultrasonic atomization device, close the refrigeration switch of closed container; Take out the pallet of closed container bottom at once, weighing drops on the quality of material on the pallet, and calculates closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount.
Can record the solid precipitation total amount under the different parameters through the temperature that changed cold environment, the feeding amount of subcooled water vapour, kind, quality and the delivery mode of aerogel generating agent, aerocolloidal catalytic action time etc.; The nucleation that not only can detect the different formulations aerogel generating agent becomes the ice performance, can also detect different parameters is catalyzed into ice efficient to the aerogel generating agent cold cloud influence qualitative or quantitatively.Fix some parameter, can also the nucleation of analytical unit quality aerogel generating agent under a certain temperature become ice efficient.
Beneficial effect
Crossing cold environment among the present invention is to make through the low temperature cabinet, has big, the characteristics fast, uniform distribution of temperature field of freezing of power, has improved test efficiency; The nucleation that not only can detect silver iodide class aerogel generating agent and the cold cloud catalysis aerogel generating agent that contains other catalyzer becomes the ice performance, can also weigh parameters such as temperature, subcooled water amount, catalytic action time, aerogel generating agent kind, quality and delivery mode aerogel generating agent is crossed cold catalysis nucleation one-tenth ice Effect on Performance; The nucleation of weighing aerogel generating agent with the ratio or the quality of solid precipitation becomes the ice performance, and after having weighed the certain mass aerogel generating agent more intuitively and discharging, steam becomes the ability of solid precipitation in uniform temperature, following mistake of condition action time cold environment; The method simple and fast, accurate and visual, required installation cost is lower.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment this method is further specified.
Embodiment 1
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice, lighting device and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet in its bottom, the quality of pallet is 100g; And closed container is placed in the low temperature cabinet, the power of low temperature cabinet is 12kW, and lowest refrigerating temperature is-50 ℃, and temperature-controlled precision is 0.1 ℃; Humiture measurement mechanism is the digital Temperature and Humidity appearance;
2) 0.1g silver iodide aerogel generating agent is fixed in the step 1) on the aerogel generating agent portfire in the closed container, checks the rubber strip of closed container then, close sealed door; The content of silver iodide is 5% in the silver iodide aerogel generating agent;
3) open low temperature cabinet refrigeration switch; Setting cryogenic temperature is-12 ℃; In closed container, make one and cross cold environment; The humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container is treated to open the ultrasonic atomization device after the temperature stabilization balance; Make it at 40min internal spraying 200g ultrapure water; The steam of ejection carries out precooled through the pipeline in the low temperature cabinet, forms subcooled water vapour, feeds mouth through subcooled water vapour then and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, open the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire; Through electric ignition the silver iodide aerogel generating agent is discharged in the closed container, observes through transparent windows and close the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire after the silver iodide aerogel generating agent discharges fully and pick up counting; Close the ultrasonic atomization device behind the 40min, close the refrigeration switch of low temperature cabinet;
4) opening closed container, to take out that pallet weighs immediately and calculate closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount be 75g, and obtaining the solid precipitation ratio by solid precipitation total amount 75g ÷ ultrapure water quality 200g * 100% is 37.5%.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1, the difference is that step 2) in the content of silver iodide be 7%, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 56.3%.
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 1, the difference is that step 2) in the content of silver iodide be 9%, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 71.9%.
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 1, the difference is that step 2) in the content of silver iodide be 15%, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 19.2%.
Embodiment 5
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice, lighting device and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet in its bottom, the quality of pallet is 100g; And closed container is placed in the low temperature cabinet, the power of low temperature cabinet is 12kW, and lowest refrigerating temperature is-50 ℃, and temperature-controlled precision is 0.1 ℃; Humiture measurement mechanism is the mechanical type Hygrothermograph;
2) 0.5g methaldehyde aerogel generating agent is fixed in the step 1) on the aerogel generating agent portfire in the closed container, checks the rubber strip of closed container then, close sealed door; The content of the methaldehyde is 5% in the methaldehyde aerogel generating agent;
3) open low temperature cabinet refrigeration switch; Setting cryogenic temperature is-8 ℃; In closed container, make one and cross cold environment; Observe and open the ultrasonic atomization device when the interior humiture measurement mechanism of closed container is treated the temperature stabilization balance; Make it at 10min internal spraying 50g tap water; The steam of ejection carries out precooled through the pipeline in the low temperature cabinet, forms subcooled water vapour, feeds mouth through subcooled water vapour then and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, open the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire; Through electric ignition methaldehyde aerogel generating agent is discharged in the closed container, observes through transparent windows and close the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire after methaldehyde aerogel generating agent discharges fully and pick up counting; Close the ultrasonic atomization device behind the 10min, close the refrigeration switch of low temperature cabinet;
4) open closed container and take out that pallet is weighed immediately and the cold catalysis solid precipitation of the mistake ratio that calculates methaldehyde aerogel generating agent is 9.8%.
Embodiment 6
With embodiment 5, the difference is that in the step 3) ultrasonic atomization device at the 20min 100g that sprays, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 31.3%.
Embodiment 7
With embodiment 5, the difference is that in the step 3) ultrasonic atomization device at the 30min 150g that sprays, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 48.6%.
Embodiment 8
With embodiment 5, the difference is that in the step 3) ultrasonic atomization device at the 40min 200g that sprays, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 59.0%.
Embodiment 9
With embodiment 5, the difference is that in the step 3) ultrasonic atomization device at the 50min 250g that sprays, recording the solid precipitation ratio at last is 64.5%.
Embodiment 10
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice, lighting device and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet in its bottom, the quality of pallet is 100g; And closed container is placed in the low temperature cabinet, the power of low temperature cabinet is 12kW, and lowest refrigerating temperature is-50 ℃, and temperature-controlled precision is 0.1 ℃;
2) open low temperature cabinet refrigeration switch, setting cryogenic temperature is-4 ℃, in closed container, makes one and crosses cold environment, and the humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container is treated the temperature stabilization balance; Weighing 1.0g silver iodide aerogel generating agent then is at 1m
3Light the release back in the closed box and stir with fan blower, the mixing air with syringe sampling 200ml contains the gasoloid particulate promptly dilutes 5000 times; The content of silver iodide is 5% in the silver iodide aerogel generating agent;
3) open the ultrasonic atomization device, make it at 30min internal spraying 150g ultrapure water, the steam of ejection carries out precooled through the pipeline in the low temperature cabinet, forms subcooled water vapour, feeds mouth through subcooled water vapour then and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, inject mixing air and the timing that 100ml contains the gasoloid particulate through the gasoloid filling orifice on the closed container; Re-inject remaining 100ml mixing air behind the 15min; Close the ultrasonic atomization device behind the 30min, close the refrigeration switch of low temperature cabinet;
4) opening closed container, to take out that pallet weighs immediately and calculate closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount be 24.2g.
Embodiment 11
With embodiment 10, the difference is that step 2) in the cryogenic temperature of low temperature cabinet be set at-8 ℃, obtaining closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount at last is 37.2g.
Embodiment 12
With embodiment 10, the difference is that step 2) in the cryogenic temperature of low temperature cabinet be set at-12 ℃, obtaining closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount at last is 48.8g.
Embodiment 13
With embodiment 10, the difference is that step 2) in the cryogenic temperature of low temperature cabinet be set at-16 ℃, obtaining closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount at last is 51.4g.
Embodiment 14
With embodiment 10, the difference is that step 2) in the cryogenic temperature of low temperature cabinet be set at-20 ℃, obtaining closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount at last is 35.6g.
Claims (9)
1. measure the method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance for one kind, it is characterized in that concrete steps are:
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet in its bottom; And closed container is placed in the low temperature cabinet;
2) survey aerogel generating agent sample is fixed on the aerogel generating agent portfire in the closed container, checks the rubber strip of closed container then, close sealed door;
3) open low temperature cabinet refrigeration switch, set cryogenic temperature, in closed container, make one and cross cold environment, the humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container treats that temperature reaches setting value;
4) open the ultrasonic atomization device, the spray volume of control steam, the steam of ejection carries out precooled through the pipeline in the low temperature cabinet, forms subcooled water vapour, feeds mouth through the subcooled water vapour on the closed container then and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, open the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire; Through electric ignition gasoloid is discharged in the closed container, through closing the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire after the transparent windows observation aerogel generating agent perfect combustion release and picking up counting;
5) after the off-test, close the ultrasonic atomization device, close the refrigeration switch of low temperature cabinet; Take out the pallet of closed container bottom at once, weighing drops on the quality of material on the pallet.
2. measure the method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance for one kind, it is characterized in that concrete steps are:
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice and transparent windows are installed in closed container, and place a pallet, and closed container is placed in the low temperature cabinet in its bottom;
2) open low temperature cabinet refrigeration switch, set cryogenic temperature, in closed container, make one and cross cold environment, the humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container is treated the temperature stabilization balance; The weighing aerogel generating agent is lighted the release back and is stirred with fan blower in closed box then, contains the mixing air of gasoloid particulate with the syringe sampling;
3) open the ultrasonic atomization device, the steam of ejection carries out precooled through the pipeline in the low temperature cabinet, forms subcooled water vapour, feeds mouth through subcooled water vapour then and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, inject mixing air and the timing that contains the gasoloid particulate through the gasoloid filling orifice on the closed container; Close the ultrasonic atomization device, close the refrigeration switch of low temperature cabinet;
4) opening closed container takes out pallet and weighs immediately and calculate closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount.
3. measure the method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance for one kind, it is characterized in that concrete steps are:
1) aerogel generating agent portfire, humiture measurement mechanism, subcooled water vapour feeding mouth, gasoloid filling orifice and transparent windows are installed in closed container, a pallet is placed in its bottom; Closed container has a refrigerating plant;
2) survey aerogel generating agent sample is fixed on the aerogel generating agent portfire in the closed container, checks the rubber strip of closed container then, close sealed door;
3) open the refrigeration switch of closed container, set cryogenic temperature, in closed container, make one and cross cold environment, the humiture measurement mechanism of observing in the closed container treats that temperature reaches setting value;
4) open the ultrasonic atomization device, the spray volume of control steam feeds mouth through the subcooled water vapour on the closed container and is passed in the closed container; When opening the ultrasonic atomization device, open the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire; Through electric ignition gasoloid is discharged in the closed container, through closing the switch of aerogel generating agent portfire after the transparent windows observation aerogel generating agent perfect combustion release and picking up counting;
5) after the off-test, close the ultrasonic atomization device, close the refrigeration switch of closed container; Take out the pallet of closed container bottom at once, weighing drops on the quality of material on the pallet, and calculates closed container bottom solid precipitation total amount.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of methods that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring, it is characterized in that: lighting device is installed in closed container.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of methods that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring, it is characterized in that: step 2) in aerogel generating agent be silver iodide aerogel generating agent or the cold cloud catalysis aerogel generating agent that contains other catalyzer.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of methods that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring, it is characterized in that: the humiture measurement mechanism in the step 3) is digital Temperature and Humidity appearance or mechanical type Hygrothermograph.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of methods that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring, it is characterized in that: the raw material of ullrasonic spraying is a kind of in ultrapure water, tap water, rainwater or the icing water.
8. a kind of method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: low temperature cabinet refrigeration work consumption is 12kw; Lowest refrigerating temperature reaches-50 ℃, and temperature-controlled precision is 0.1 ℃, obtains-12 ℃ mistake cold environment of uniform distribution of temperature field in the 30min.
9. a kind of method that the aerogel generating agent nucleation becomes the ice performance of measuring according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the cold cloud catalysis aerogel generating agent that contains other catalyzer is a methaldehyde aerogel generating agent.
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| CN2011101631939A CN102353603A (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Method for measuring nucleating performance and icing performance of aerosol generating agent |
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| CN2011101631939A CN102353603A (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Method for measuring nucleating performance and icing performance of aerosol generating agent |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110389150A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of measuring system of Atmospheric Ice Nuclei activation rate |
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| JPH09313051A (en) * | 1996-05-27 | 1997-12-09 | Norihiko Fukuda | Generation of artificial rain and equipment therefor |
| CN100496217C (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2009-06-10 | 北京市人工影响天气办公室 | Silver iodide acetone solution ground combustion equipment and its combustion method |
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Application publication date: 20120215 |