CN102353568A - Trogoderma granarium standard sample and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Trogoderma granarium standard sample and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102353568A CN102353568A CN201110220785XA CN201110220785A CN102353568A CN 102353568 A CN102353568 A CN 102353568A CN 201110220785X A CN201110220785X A CN 201110220785XA CN 201110220785 A CN201110220785 A CN 201110220785A CN 102353568 A CN102353568 A CN 102353568A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of plant quarantine, and particularly relates to a Trogoderma granarium standard sample and the preparation method thereof. The Trogoderma granarium standard sample is prepared by inlaying a confirmed parent Trogoderma granarium in resin, wherein one Trogoderma granarium is inlaid in one piece of resin. The invention has the beneficial effect that aiming at the requirement of plant quarantine laboratory, the sample provided by the invention is the Trogoderma granarium standard sample which is inlaid in resin, and the resin material is liquid and has good fluidity, so that the resin material can fully cover the sample surface and is not soluble to water after being cured to form a film. The resin has extremely high transparency so that the fine structure of the standard sample inside can be observed conveniently. In addition, the resin has excellent flame-retardant, anti-aging, nontoxic, anti-oxidant, heat-resistant, insulated properties, thereby prolonging the validity of the Trogoderma granarium standard sample and lowering the cost of the Trogoderma granarium standard sample after the Trogoderma granarium standard sample is inlaid in the resin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant quarantine field, particularly the khapra beetle standard model the invention still further relates to its preparation method in addition.
Background technology
Khapra beetle (
Trogoderma granariumEverts) be important pests in China's quarantine harmful organisms register.Khapra beetle harmfulness is very big, and extremely difficult control also is one of important in the world quarantine harmful organisms.Its ability serious harm various plants property product is like plant stored goods such as cereals such as wheat, barley, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, oat, rye, corn, Chinese sorghum, paddy, flour, peanut, dry fruit, nut, beans, oil plants.Also get the multiple animal product of food, as milk powder, fish meal, blood do, animality article such as silk cocoon, fur, silk.The loss that cereal is caused is generally 5%-30%, sometimes up to 75%.In Southeast Asia, took place for 4 ~ 5 generations in 1 year.Survive the winter in the warehouse seam with larva.Beginning mating in 2 ~ 3 days behind the adult eclosion, ovum looses more to be produced, and lays eggs 50 ~ 90 at every turn, how can reach 120.Dry tolerance is strong, under the situation of moisture content of food 2%, still can breed smoothly and grow; Cold-resistant temperature capacity is also very strong, can restrain oneself colder hotter environment than general stored grain insects; Also has outstanding anti-hungry power, when deprivation of food, near ripe larva even can pierce slit place's dormancy.Larva focuses mostly on and gets food in grain heap top, pierces in the slit after getting into for 3 ages gregarious again.
Standard model is to have one or more performance characteristics, through the material standard of technical appraisement and the approval of standardization competent authorities.Standard model is scientifically to formulate technical standard (literal) and technical application standard effectively, and control and improve the industrial and agricultural products quality guarantees food security, ensures the important technical of health of human body and environmental quality etc.Standard model is an organic component of whole standardization effort, and it is those matter embodiment that need come the requirement of quantitative or qualitative comment standard content with standard model, and the enforcement of standard is played important guarantee effect.It generally is used to grade estimation and control, calibration analyte instrument, the evaluation of analytical test material and confirms analytical approach, the contrast of analysis data, product quality evaluation, the evaluation of reviewer's level of skill and carry out technical arbitration etc.Because advantages such as its distinctive homogeneity, stability, intuitive and accuracys, the standard model research work more and more obtains each association area expert's concern.But; At present; Standard model is just at metallurgy; Non-ferrous metal; Chemistry; Aspects such as food additives are used more extensive; The research of carrying out is also more deep; Technology is also ripe; But still belong to blank in the plant quarantine field; More be not engaged in research with the insect standard model; Traditional means is still continued to use in a lot of laboratories when carrying out the insect identification of morphology; The sample that preserve in contrast picture or laboratory is identified; And the source of these samples is different, and there is very big-difference sometimes in the sample that preserve in different laboratories on form, even the sample of mistake can occur.Like this, thus because the difference of object of reference has caused that qualification result exists very big otherness and noncomparabilities between the different experiments chamber, qualification result also can't be traced to the source.Therefore; Develop a collection of form typical case unanimity, the object of reference when representative insect standard model carries out the insect evaluation as the laboratory; Can eliminate each laboratory owing to the result difference that uses different objects of reference to cause; Can guarantee simultaneously the traceability of qualification result; Accuracy and reliability to guaranteeing insect identification of morphology result have vital role; To filling up the blank of domestic and international plant quarantine standard model development, the insect identification of morphology work of standard China is significant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the khapra beetle standard model, sample homogeneity is good with stability, promotes the quality control work of plant quarantine laboratory, finds problem, improvement and raising laboratory detection level that laboratory self exists.Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of khapra beetle standard model, and technology is simple, easy operating.
The present invention for realizing the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopted is: the khapra beetle standard model is embedded in the resin khapra beetle in every block of resin through the parental generation khapra beetle polypide of confirming.
The individual proterties of said khapra beetle meets following asking:
Become the long 1.8～3.0mm of polypide, wide 0.9～1.7mm, female worm is greater than male worm; Body is oblong, and body wall is shinny, the head and the pronotary crineous to black, the elytrum bronzing, top light color piebald is not obvious, feeler and the foot filbert; There are unconspicuous yellow or grey hair spot in nearly central authorities of pronotary and both sides; Elytrum close by filbert to the dark brown hair, band and inferior end band in extremely unsharp subunit ring that the light color hair forms, the Asia arranged above, the outside of belly is by the brown hair; Feeler 9-11 joint, male worm antennal club 3-5 joint, it is the summation of the 9th, 10 joints that minor details are about, female worm antennal club 3-4 joint; Scrobe trailing edge carina is degenerated especially, the surplus approximately total length 2/3 of male worm, 1/3 of the surplus approximately total length of female worm; The leading edge middle part of chin is recessed deeply, the blunt circle in both sides, at the innermost height of recessed edge partly not as good as the chin maximum height; Female worm bursa copulatrix osteocomma is minimum, is about 0.2mm, wide about 0.01mm, and top tooth is rare; Male worm the 9th uromere backboard both sides gives birth to bristle 3-4 root;
The mature larva body is spindle, long 4.0-6.7mm (on average being about 5.3mm), wide 1.4-1.6mm (on average being about 1.5mm), back side milky to bronzing or filbert; The 1st uromere acrotergite awns bristle foremost is no more than antecostal sulcus; The arrow bristle at the health back side many be born in the backboard side, especially a few joint backboards are the most concentrated at the abdomen end, form close crineous tuft; Arrow bristle minor details are the lance shape, and its length approximates the length overall of its 4 trifles in rear; The 8th uromere backboard does not have antecostal sulcus, or only exists with the intermittent line form; Labrum-epipharynx has 4 of sensation mastoid processes; Deutocerebral segment 1,2 is practiced thrift isometric, and the bristle on the 1st joint intersperses among around this joint, only the outside 1/4 no bristle.
The preparation method of said khapra beetle standard model:
The source of the first step, khapra beetle standard model
Intercept and capture from the goods that enters the territory in the source of khapra beetle standard model;
Second step, khapra beetle standard model expand numerous
Raise cylinder with putting into insect through the khapra beetle that selects; Raise as feed with soybean, when a large amount of adults occur, stay a part of insect to continue to raise as seed resource; All the other insects all carry out inactivation treatment, prepare to be used for the screening and the making of standard model;
The 3rd step, the screening of khapra beetle standard model
Carry out preliminary screening and careful screening with expanding numerous khapra beetle that obtains, it is subsequent use to pick out the polypide that characteristic feature is obvious, the identification of morphology characteristic difference is little;
The 4th step, standard model preparation
(1) makes mould, jaqan natural resin synthetic varnish evenly is sprayed on die surface;
(2) install external mold behind the cleaning mold;
(3) the crystal resin acrylic resin is added the dustless inserts polystyrene of nanometer;
(4) add batching such as hardening agent epoxy curing agent, accelerant N-cyclohexyl-2-[4-morpholinodithio sulfenamide, defoamer organosiloxane, transparent masterbatches polypropylene transparent masterbatch and stir well even;
(5) pour resin into mould after, shake mould, make in the mould resin flows even, mould is just put after evenly, prevent to be out of shape in the hardening of resin process;
(6) seed is put into resin;
(7) after resin solidifies fully, slough mould;
(8) with product polishing, polishing.
The said khapra beetle standard model that makes carries out homogeneity and stability test
(1) uniformity testing
Uniformity testing is accomplished in two steps, and the one, " in the bottle " uniformity testing, the 2nd, " between bottle " uniformity testing.
When design " bottle in " uniformity testing scheme, mainly consideration reduces the difference that exists between the insect individuality as far as possible.100 of picked at random are carried out uniformity testing from the khapra beetle behind the above-mentioned dusting cover.
" between bottle " uniformity testing mainly is the difference of considering between each standard model individuality of packing back; After the checking khapra beetle is mounted in the resin; Whether these outer packaging materials exert an influence to the formalness of khapra beetle, whether influence the identification of morphology of khapra beetle.The khapra beetle standard model of external packing is accomplished and had to 20 of picked at random processing and fabricating; Through 20 packaged khapra beetle standard models being carried out observation under naked eyes and the anatomical lens; Externally on the form, the khapra beetle that is embedded in the resin does not almost have difference with normal exposed khapra beetle.
(2) stability test
When carrying out stability test; Because As time goes on the biology formalness characteristic of sample can not carry out very big variation; And be again to be embedded in the resin; Oxidation, mouldy, the rotten metamorphosis that reaches the damage of exterior mechanical strength and cause have been avoided; So the variation of preservation condition is to the not influence of standard model formalness; The standard model of different " between bottles " does not have difference yet, and the identification of indicator of khapra beetle standard model all is stable in for a long time.
Said khapra beetle standard model definite value
(1) khapra beetle standard model morphological feature is confirmed principle
The khapra beetle standard model is confirmed by the expert, confirms whether the khapra beetle standard model that provides is khapra beetle;
(2) the khapra beetle individuality meets the following requirements:
Become the long 1.8-3.0mm of polypide, wide 0.9-1.7mm, female worm is greater than male worm; Body is oblong, and body wall is shinny, the head and the pronotary crineous to black, the elytrum bronzing, top light color piebald is not obvious, feeler and the foot filbert; There are unconspicuous yellow or grey hair spot in nearly central authorities of pronotary and both sides; Elytrum close by filbert to the dark brown hair, band and inferior end band in extremely unsharp subunit ring that the light color hair forms, the Asia arranged above, the outside of belly is by the brown hair; Feeler 9-11 joint, male worm antennal club 3-5 joint, it is the summation of the 9th, 10 joints that minor details are about, female worm antennal club 3-4 joint.Scrobe trailing edge carina is degenerated especially, the surplus approximately total length 2/3 of male worm, 1/3 of the surplus approximately total length of female worm; The leading edge middle part of chin is recessed deeply, the blunt circle in both sides, at the innermost height of recessed edge partly not as good as the chin maximum height; Female worm bursa copulatrix osteocomma is minimum, is about 0.2mm, wide about 0.01mm, and top tooth is rare; Male worm the 9th uromere backboard both sides gives birth to bristle 3-4 root;
Mature larva, body is spindle, long 4.0-6.7mm (on average being about 5.3mm), wide 1.4-1.6mm (on average being about 1.5mm), back side milky to bronzing or filbert; The 1st uromere acrotergite awns bristle foremost is no more than antecostal sulcus; The arrow bristle at the health back side many be born in the backboard side, especially a few joint backboards are the most concentrated at the abdomen end, form close crineous tuft; Arrow bristle minor details are the lance shape, and its length approximates the length overall of its 4 trifles in rear; The 8th uromere backboard does not have antecostal sulcus, or only exists with the intermittent line form; Labrum-epipharynx has 4 of sensation mastoid processes; Deutocerebral segment 1,2 is practiced thrift isometric, and the bristle on the 1st joint intersperses among around this joint, only the outside 1/4 no bristle.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: to the needs of plant quarantine laboratory work; Sample provided by the invention is the khapra beetle standard model; The khapra beetle standard model is embedded in the resin; It is liquid that resin raw material is; It has extraordinary flowability; Can fully be full of sample surfaces, can not be water-soluble again after the dried solid film forming.The resin transparent degree is high, is convenient to observe the fine structure of the inside standard model.In addition, premium properties such as that resin also has is fire-retardant, ageing-resistant, nontoxic, anti-oxidant, heat-resisting, insulation so the khapra beetle sample is embedded in the term of validity that can prolong standard model in the resin, has reduced the standard model cost.
Standard model of the present invention can be eliminated each laboratory owing to the result difference that uses different objects of reference to cause; Can guarantee simultaneously the traceability of qualification result; Accuracy and reliability to guaranteeing khapra beetle identification of morphology result have vital role; To filling up the blank of domestic and international plant quarantine standard model development, the insect identification of morphology work of standard China is significant.
Four, embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done further description, but the present invention is not limited to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of khapra beetle standard model:
The source of the first step, khapra beetle standard model
The khapra beetle intercepted and captured in the goods that enters the territory after expert appraisal, is raised as parental generation.
To the khapra beetle that enters the territory and intercept and capture, no matter from which country and area, all should carry out isolated rearing, through after the generation, observe the proterties of filial generation polypide and whether separate, select parental generation polypide then as standard model.Whether be live body, so that it is numerous to prepare next step expansion for the insect of intercepting and capturing if will pay close attention to it.The insect of intercepting and capturing is carried out record, indicate with particularly will be clear that this insect from country.Choose the growth conditionss such as humiture of raising according to different insects growth corresponding condition, also will choose the feed that corresponding host needs as insect growth simultaneously.All to take safeguard procedures in the whole feeding process, prevent it and outwards propagate diffusion.Particularly raise vessel that insect uses and discarded food-residue etc., after more renewing, usedly will note doing strict inactivation treatment, prevent that ovum, larva etc. from outwards propagating diffusion with residue.
Second step, khapra beetle standard model expand numerous
Insect is expanded numerous before, carry out all preliminary works, for example raise vessel, feeding environment, protective equipment etc., also to be provided with the special messenger simultaneously and be responsible for daily management.
The khapra beetle feed adopts the soybean of healthy no worm, and specific practice is following:
Raise cylinder with putting into insect through the khapra beetle that selects, as feed, put into and raise cylinder with soybean.Raise cylinder and mouth is sealed, prevent the insect escape with 5 layers of fine and closely woven gauze.To raise cylinder and put into 28 ℃ of constant incubators and raise, every day observed and recorded insect growth situation.
When a large amount of adults occur, stay a part of insect to continue to raise as seed resource, all the other insects all carry out inactivation treatment.In raising cylinder, put into small amount of bromine methane and fumigate, dead insect specimen is put into 70% alcoholic solution and preserved, prepare to be used for the screening and the making of standard model.All utensils such as used residual feed residue, raising cylinder in feeding process all need be done inactivation treatment simultaneously, prevent that insect from outwards escaping.
The 3rd step, the screening of khapra beetle standard model
Be poured on and carry out preliminary screening in the double dish expanding numerous khapra beetle that obtains, this process is called primary dcreening operation traditionally.The screening of standard model is a job very consuming time, considers the reason of workload, and primary dcreening operation work is generally accomplished by common staff.The primary dcreening operation process selects mainly that polypide is intact, the tangible khapra beetle of each identification mark (male and female all can), and the insect specimen of picking out is prepared to be used for homogeneity and the stability test that standard model is developed next link.
To pass through the further careful screening of khapra beetle of primary dcreening operation, this process is called dusting cover usually.Dusting cover work generally will be accomplished by the professional and technical personnel.The dusting cover process mainly is to combine sample homogeneity to test to accomplish.The dusting cover process will be paid close attention to the nuance of identification of morphology characteristic between polypide.To pass through the khapra beetle that dusting cover picks out and be put into respectively in the white port grinding bottle that 75% alcoholic solution is housed, subsequent use;
The 4th step, standard model preparation
(1) makes mould, jaqan natural resin synthetic varnish evenly is sprayed on die surface;
(2) install external mold behind the cleaning mold;
(3) the crystal resin acrylic resin is added the dustless inserts polystyrene of nanometer;
(4) add batching such as hardening agent epoxy curing agent, accelerant N-cyclohexyl-2-[4-morpholinodithio sulfenamide, defoamer organosiloxane, transparent masterbatches polypropylene transparent masterbatch and stir well even;
(5) pour resin into mould after, shake mould, make in the mould resin flows even, mould is just put after evenly, prevent to be out of shape in the hardening of resin process;
(6) khapra beetle is put into resin;
(7) after resin solidifies fully, slough mould, slough too early like mould, it is matt to cause staying on the product impression of the hand or product surface;
(8) with the product polishing, polishing makes the khapra beetle standard model, is embedded in the resin khapra beetle in every block of resin through the parental generation khapra beetle polypide of confirming.
Embodiment 2
The foregoing description 1 makes the khapra beetle standard model and carries out homogeneity and stability test
(1) uniformity testing
Uniformity testing is accomplished in two steps, and the one, " in the bottle " uniformity testing, the 2nd, " between bottle " uniformity testing.
When design " bottle in " uniformity testing scheme, mainly consideration reduces the difference that exists between the insect individuality as far as possible.Because diversity of organism; It is inevitable having certain difference between each individuality of insect of the same race; Two khapra beetle individualities can not be in full accord on form; If but can guarantee that the difference that exists between individuality is less relatively; These differences can not exert an influence to identification of morphology, have so just proved between this batch khapra beetle individuality it is uniform yet.Generally, " bottle in " uniformity testing combines the expert to qualitatively judge to accomplish usually.
100 of picked at random are carried out uniformity testing from the khapra beetle behind the above-mentioned dusting cover.100 khapra beetles are divided into 5 groups, 20 every group, send 5 experts 5 groups of khapra beetles respectively and identify.Require the expert at first 20 khapra beetles to be carried out identification of morphology, judge that whether it is khapra beetle, provides the khapra beetle identification mark then; Whether secondly according to these identification marks, relatively there are differences between each individuality of khapra beetle, whether the difference of existence can exert an influence to qualification result, provides homogeneity conclusion between the khapra beetle individuality.At last, the expert does not have doubt to the qualification result of 100 khapra beetles, and expert's conclusion is khapra beetle.Each expert assert that all the nuance that exists between the khapra beetle individuality can not exert an influence to khapra beetle identification of morphology result, is uniform on form between the khapra beetle individuality.
" between bottle " uniformity testing mainly is the difference of considering between each standard model individuality of packing back; After the checking khapra beetle is mounted in the resin; Whether these outer packaging materials exert an influence to the formalness of khapra beetle, whether influence the identification of morphology of khapra beetle.The khapra beetle standard model of external packing is accomplished and had to 20 of picked at random processing and fabricating; The formalness of visual inspection khapra beetle at first; And itself and the khapra beetle of not packing normally processing compared; Whether the khapra beetle of confirming to be embedded in the resin externally there are differences on the form with the khapra beetle of normally not packing processing, whether can influence the identification of morphology of khapra beetle.Secondly observe through anatomical lens; Whether the khapra beetle of confirming to be embedded in the resin there are differences with normal exposed khapra beetle formalness under anatomical lens, as there are differences and confirm whether these differences can exert an influence to the qualification result of khapra beetle.
Through 20 packaged khapra beetle standard models being carried out observation under naked eyes and the anatomical lens, externally on the form, the khapra beetle that is embedded in the resin does not almost have difference with normal exposed khapra beetle.The identification of morphology result not influence of outer packaging material to khapra beetle is described, khapra beetle " between bottle " individuality also is uniform.
(2) stability test
The stability of standard model is meant that " standard model is stored, and in the official hour interval, the physicochemical property of sample and characteristic remain on the ability in the specialized range under defined terms.According to its intrinsic biological characteristics and processing technology, the insect standard model has long period stability.The principle that according to standard sample stability is confirmed takes into full account many-sided problems such as design and enforcement of the stability of detection method in the stability study process, the consistance of sampling method (" between bottle " consistance just), preservation condition.The method of checking insect standard model stability is very simple; Only need visual inspection or use magnifier, anatomical lens to observe and get final product; Whether the morphological feature of observing different preservation conditions, difference " between bottle " khapra beetle changes, and whether the variation of generation influences the result is identified.The design of preservation condition fully takes into account the various situation that standard model possibly run in storage, transportation and use; As design under the different conditions such as illumination, temperature, wetness, vibration; Through certain time interval, confirm that whether these changes of preserving environment exert an influence to the form of these four kinds of samples.When carrying out stability test; Because As time goes on the biology formalness characteristic of sample can not carry out very big variation; And be again to be embedded in the resin; Avoided oxidation; Mouldy; The rotten metamorphosis that reaches the damage of exterior mechanical strength and cause; So the variation of preservation condition is to the not influence of standard model formalness; The standard model of different " between bottles " does not have difference yet; The identification of indicator of khapra beetle standard model all is stable in for a long time; Therefore; The term of validity of khapra beetle standard model is tentative to be 5 years; To the term of validity be carried out finally confirming according to actual conditions at last.
Embodiment 3
The khapra beetle standard model that the foregoing description 1 makes carries out definite value
(1) khapra beetle standard model morphological feature is confirmed principle
The khapra beetle standard model is confirmed by 5 experts in insect field, confirms whether the khapra beetle standard model that provides is khapra beetle.
The expert confirms the khapra beetle identification of morphology feature description that provides respectively according to real work and practical experience.
(2) khapra beetle standard model identification of morphology characteristic
Become the long 1.8-3.0mm of polypide, wide 0.9-1.7mm, female worm is greater than male worm.Body is oblong, and body wall is shinny, the head and the pronotary crineous to black, the elytrum bronzing, top light color piebald is not obvious, feeler and the foot filbert; There are unconspicuous yellow or grey hair spot in nearly central authorities of pronotary and both sides; Elytrum close by filbert to the dark brown hair, band and inferior end band in extremely unsharp subunit ring that the light color hair forms, the Asia arranged above, the outside of belly is by the brown hair; Feeler 11 joints (only a few is individual to be the 9-10 joint), male worm antennal club 3-5 joint, it is the 9th, 10 summations that save that minor details are about, female worm antennal club 3-4 joint; Scrobe trailing edge carina is degenerated especially, the surplus approximately total length 2/3 of male worm, 1/3 of the surplus approximately total length of female worm; The leading edge middle part of chin is recessed deeply, the blunt circle in both sides, at the innermost height of recessed edge partly not as good as the chin maximum height; Female worm bursa copulatrix osteocomma is minimum, is about 0.2mm, wide about 0.01mm, and top tooth is rare; Male worm the 9th uromere backboard both sides gives birth to bristle 3-4 root.
Mature larva, body is spindle, long 4.0-6.7mm (on average being about 5.3mm), wide 1.4-1.6mm (on average being about 1.5mm), back side milky to bronzing or filbert; The 1st uromere acrotergite awns bristle foremost is no more than antecostal sulcus; The arrow bristle at the health back side many be born in the backboard side, especially a few joint backboards are the most concentrated at the abdomen end, form close crineous tuft; Arrow bristle minor details are the lance shape, and its length approximates the length overall of its 4 trifles in rear; The 8th uromere backboard does not have antecostal sulcus, or only exists with the intermittent line form; Labrum-epipharynx has 4 of sensation mastoid processes; Deutocerebral segment 1,2 is practiced thrift isometric, and the bristle on the 1st joint intersperses among around this joint, only the outside 1/4 no bristle.
The packing of khapra beetle standard model adopts can long preservation and the resin material wear-resistant, that light transmission is good, and makes through special processing technology.Khapra beetle standard model preservation condition: normal temperature is preserved down, and the sunlight direct projection is avoided in protection against the tide.
Claims (5)
1. the khapra beetle standard model is characterized in that: pass through the parental generation khapra beetle polypide of confirming and be embedded in the resin khapra beetle in every block of resin.
2. khapra beetle standard model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the individual proterties of said khapra beetle meets following asking:
Become the long 1.8～3.0mm of polypide, wide 0.9～1.7mm, female worm is greater than male worm; Body is oblong, and body wall is shinny, the head and the pronotary crineous to black, the elytrum bronzing, top light color piebald is not obvious, feeler and the foot filbert; There are unconspicuous yellow or grey hair spot in nearly central authorities of pronotary and both sides; Elytrum close by filbert to the dark brown hair, band and inferior end band in extremely unsharp subunit ring that the light color hair forms, the Asia arranged above, the outside of belly is by the brown hair; Feeler 9-11 joint, male worm antennal club 3-5 joint, it is the summation of the 9th, 10 joints that minor details are about, female worm antennal club 3-4 joint; Scrobe trailing edge carina is degenerated especially, the surplus approximately total length 2/3 of male worm, 1/3 of the surplus approximately total length of female worm; The leading edge middle part of chin is recessed deeply, the blunt circle in both sides, at the innermost height of recessed edge partly not as good as the chin maximum height; Female worm bursa copulatrix osteocomma is minimum, is about 0.2mm, wide about 0.01mm, and top tooth is rare; Male worm the 9th uromere backboard both sides gives birth to bristle 3-4 root;
The mature larva body is spindle, long 4.0-6.7mm (on average being about 5.3mm), wide 1.4-1.6mm (on average being about 1.5mm), back side milky to bronzing or filbert; The 1st uromere acrotergite awns bristle foremost is no more than antecostal sulcus; The arrow bristle at the health back side many be born in the backboard side, especially a few joint backboards are the most concentrated at the abdomen end, form close crineous tuft; Arrow bristle minor details are the lance shape, and its length approximates the length overall of its 4 trifles in rear; The 8th uromere backboard does not have antecostal sulcus, or only exists with the intermittent line form; Labrum-epipharynx has 4 of sensation mastoid processes; Deutocerebral segment 1,2 is practiced thrift isometric, and the bristle on the 1st joint intersperses among around this joint, only the outside 1/4 no bristle.
3. the preparation method of khapra beetle standard model is characterized in that, concrete steps are following:
The source of the first step, khapra beetle standard model
Intercept and capture from the goods that enters the territory in the source of khapra beetle standard model;
Second step, khapra beetle standard model expand numerous
Raise cylinder with putting into insect through the khapra beetle that selects; Raise as feed with soybean, when a large amount of adults occur, stay a part of insect to continue to raise as seed resource; All the other insects all carry out inactivation treatment, prepare to be used for the screening and the making of standard model;
The 3rd step, the screening of khapra beetle standard model
Carry out preliminary screening and careful screening with expanding numerous khapra beetle that obtains, it is subsequent use to pick out the polypide that characteristic feature is obvious, the identification of morphology characteristic difference is little;
The 4th step, standard model preparation
(1) makes mould, jaqan evenly is sprayed on die surface;
(2) install external mold behind the cleaning mold;
(3) crystal resin is added the dustless inserts of nanometer;
(4) add batching such as hardening agent, promoter, defoamer, transparent masterbatches and stir well even;
(5) pour resin into mould after, shake mould, make in the mould resin flows even, mould is just put after evenly, prevent to be out of shape in the hardening of resin process;
(6) seed is put into resin;
(7) after resin solidifies fully, slough mould;
(8) with product polishing, polishing.
4. the preparation method of khapra beetle standard model according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the said khapra beetle standard model that makes carries out homogeneity and stability test
(1) uniformity testing
Uniformity testing is accomplished in two steps, and the one, " in the bottle " uniformity testing, the 2nd, " between bottle " uniformity testing:
Reduce the difference that exists between the insect individuality as far as possible at " bottle in " uniformity testing, uniformity testing is carried out in the picked at random grouping in the khapra beetle;
" between bottle " uniformity testing is 20 processing and fabricating completion of picked at random and the khapra beetle standard model that has external packing; Through 20 packaged khapra beetle standard models being carried out observation under naked eyes and the anatomical lens; Externally on the form, the khapra beetle that is embedded in the resin does not almost have difference with normal exposed khapra beetle;
(2) stability test
When carrying out stability test; Because As time goes on the biology formalness characteristic of sample can not carry out very big variation; And be again to be embedded in the resin; Oxidation, mouldy, the rotten metamorphosis that reaches the damage of exterior mechanical strength and cause have been avoided; So the variation of preservation condition is to the not influence of standard model formalness; The standard model of different " between bottles " does not have difference yet, and the identification of indicator of khapra beetle standard model all is stable in for a long time.
5. the preparation method of khapra beetle standard model according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said khapra beetle standard model definite value:
(1) khapra beetle standard model morphological feature is confirmed principle
The khapra beetle standard model is confirmed by the expert, confirms whether the khapra beetle standard model that provides is khapra beetle;
(2) the khapra beetle individuality meets the following requirements:
Become the long 1.8-3.0mm of polypide, wide 0.9-1.7mm, female worm is greater than male worm; Body is oblong, and body wall is shinny, the head and the pronotary crineous to black, the elytrum bronzing, top light color piebald is not obvious, feeler and the foot filbert; There are unconspicuous yellow or grey hair spot in nearly central authorities of pronotary and both sides; Elytrum close by filbert to the dark brown hair, band and inferior end band in extremely unsharp subunit ring that the light color hair forms, the Asia arranged above, the outside of belly is by the brown hair; Feeler 9-11 joint, male worm antennal club 3-5 joint, it is the summation of the 9th, 10 joints that minor details are about, female worm antennal club 3-4 joint; Scrobe trailing edge carina is degenerated especially, the surplus approximately total length 2/3 of male worm, 1/3 of the surplus approximately total length of female worm; The leading edge middle part of chin is recessed deeply, the blunt circle in both sides, at the innermost height of recessed edge partly not as good as the chin maximum height; Female worm bursa copulatrix osteocomma is minimum, is about 0.2mm, wide about 0.01mm, and top tooth is rare; Male worm the 9th uromere backboard both sides gives birth to bristle 3-4 root;
Mature larva, body is spindle, long 4.0-6.7mm, wide 1.4-1.6mm, back side milky to bronzing or filbert; The 1st uromere acrotergite awns bristle foremost is no more than antecostal sulcus; The arrow bristle at the health back side many be born in the backboard side, especially a few joint backboards are the most concentrated at the abdomen end, form close crineous tuft; Arrow bristle minor details are the lance shape, and its length approximates the length overall of its 4 trifles in rear; The 8th uromere backboard does not have antecostal sulcus, or only exists with the intermittent line form; Labrum-epipharynx has 4 of sensation mastoid processes; Deutocerebral segment 1,2 is practiced thrift isometric, and the bristle on the 1st joint intersperses among around this joint, only the outside 1/4 no bristle.
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| CN105842025A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 王有福 | Yellow soybean imperfect granule standard sample preparation method |
| CN105842024A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 王有福 | Preparation method for wild soybean standard sample |
| CN109265327A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of khapra beetle sex pheromone and preparation method thereof |
| CN109738257A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of fine coal coal petrography mating plate |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105842025A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 王有福 | Yellow soybean imperfect granule standard sample preparation method |
| CN105842024A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 王有福 | Preparation method for wild soybean standard sample |
| CN109265327A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of khapra beetle sex pheromone and preparation method thereof |
| CN109738257A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of fine coal coal petrography mating plate |
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