A kind of control method of diesel fuel burner power output and control device thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the diesel fuel burner field, relate to a kind of control method and control device thereof of diesel fuel burner power output,, manually or automatically regulate burner power output size according to the thermic load of firing equipment needs; Take automatic detection and indemnifying measure simultaneously,, be implemented in efficient and stable burning in the burner power output adjustable range by best " air-fuel ratio " requirement control combustion-supporting air quantity or fuel quantity to atmospheric density.
Background technology
In many heating processes, to regulate to satisfy demands of different the power output of burner; For example the operator need adapt to steaming through the power output (firepower) of regulating burner, different culinary art operations such as boil, fries in shallow oil, fries, explodes, to obtain superior culinary art effect in the cooking operation; The constant-temperature hot water boiler reduces the power output of burner automatically when water temperature is higher than design temperature, and when water temperature is lower than design temperature, increases the temperature of power output to keep requiring of burner automatically.
In the heating process of using fuel; Particularly in the life logistics support that moves (like open-air cooking operation and shower etc.); Burner tends in the environment of different altitude height and different temperature, use; Because burning is the result of multifactor effect; Be atmospheric density especially significantly; It is the function of air pressure and temperature, in general raises with height above sea level, and atmospheric density reduces; Reduce with temperature, atmospheric density can increase.If do not consider that burning insufficient (discharging exceeds standard) will appear in these factors or the phenomenon of unstable (from flame, flame-out), just can not satisfy " air-fuel ratio " requirement.
" air-fuel ratio " (R) is meant when fuel burns in air, and the airborne oxygen of certain mass just makes the fuel completing combustion of certain mass, and carbon all in the fuel, hydrogen are completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water.We regard the effect of best " air-fuel ratio " as make in the flue gas pollutant emission be lower than relevant national standard in the combustion process requires (fully burning), and efficiency of combustion reaches (efficient burning) more than 99%.
For satisfying the power adjusting needs; Patent documentation 1 (Chinese patent 02828738.X) discloses a kind of control method of combustor and has controlled combustor automatically; Proposed amount of fuel and air quantity, reached the purpose of regulating flame through the automatic output of adjusted in concert in proportion of the mode of control fuel supply device and air-supply arrangement motor speed separately.The defective that patent documentation 1 exists is: wind oil ratio follow procedure is set, and not have to detect and the concrete measures of compensate for ambient variation (air pressure, temperature), when wind oil ratio off-design value that changes in environmental conditions causes, can not guarantee abundant burning.Test shows in addition; Adopt control oil pump and blower fan rotating speed of motor separately; Adjusted in concert is exported the mode of amount of fuel and air quantity in proportion; Lagging behind oil mass in adjustment process apoplexy quantitative changeization changes; Form actual wind oil ratio off-design value in the adjustment process; Consequently when the burner power output was changed from small to big, fuel delivery increases faster than air quantity supplied with increase, and it is insufficient to burn; In the burner power output from large to small the time, fuel delivery reduces to supply with faster than air quantity and reduces, and burning is in poor oil firing's situation, even causes from flame flame-out.
Patent documentation 2 (Chinese patent 200420007720.2) but a kind of oil burner of step-less adjustment power output is disclosed, it is partly to increase a hydraulic adjustment device at traditional oil burner high-pressure oil passage, realizes burner power output step-less adjustment.The defective that patent documentation 2 exists is: regulate the burner power output and only realize through changing fuel quantity; Do not take changing the fuel quantity technical measures of yet corresponding change combustion-supporting air quantity simultaneously; More do not relate to when amblent air temperature and influence atmospheric density and the technical measures of combustion-supporting air quantity compensation, the therefore inevitable insufficient or unsettled serious problems of burning that exist in adjustable range.
Disclosed burner of patent documentation 3 (JP2006145121A) and control method thereof for the technological means that keeps optimal air-fuel ratio to adopt is to a plurality of valves, comprise fuel valve, the valve of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, flow control valve carry out alone or in combination unlatching, shutoff operation.Related to high combustion operating mode wherein in the literary composition, hanged down combustion conditions, the operating mode of lighting a fire and stop operating mode etc.Its control method is in another kind of combustion conditions transforming process, to keep optimal air-fuel ratio by a kind of combustion conditions in order to satisfy burner.Patent documentation 3 disclosed burners are regulated air quantity through fan speed regulation; Supply with fuel in proportion through flow control valve; Similar patent documentation 1; Do not take to detect automatically the substantive technical measures of combustion-supporting air quantity and amblent air temperature variation (air pressure, temperature) and feedback compensation equally; During the wind oil proportioning off-design value (standard state) that causes when air density change, can not guarantee abundant or stable burning
Through retrieval; Do not exist in the existing patented technology through automatic monitoring climatic environment parameter, FEEDBACK CONTROL combustion-supporting air quantity or fuel quantity, the fuel quantity servo-actuated is in combustion-supporting air quantity; Require to carry out wind oil proportioning according to best " air-fuel ratio ", obtain the technology of efficient burning and control burner power output.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to that the burner power output is regulated and efficient burning has proposed new control method and control device thereof to satisfy the needs of practical application.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of diesel fuel burner output power control method; The present invention is according to the needs of firing equipment thermic load; Press specified criteria control rotation speed of fan; Adopt air data sensor monitoring of environmental climate parameter; Calculate current atmospheric density; Its difference is compensated through the adjustment rotation speed of fan, combustion-supporting air quantity is satisfied: Qa=φ * N * ρ; Fuel is followed combustion-supporting air quantity and is satisfied: and L=Qa/ (f * R);
In the formula: Qa-MAF (Kilograms Per Second); ρ-atmospheric density (kilogram/rice
3); L-fuel duty (kilogram); The pulse frequency (0~200 hertz) of f-PFM control electromagnetic pump work; φ-compressor flow coefficient (rice
3/ change); R-air-fuel ratio (dimensionless factor, value 1~2); N-rotation speed of fan (revolutions per second).
The present invention is through detecting rotation speed of fan, and feedback combustion-supporting air quantity information is controlled fuel and followed the combustion-supporting air quantity variation automatically, when blower fan quits work, and the automatic stop supplies of fuel.
The present invention is according to the needs of firing equipment thermic load, presses specified criteria control rotation speed of fan, at the air inlet or the air outlet of burner blower fan air mass flow sensor is installed, and (f * R) controls fuel quantity press L=Qa/ according to the MAF of actual measurement.
The control device that a kind of diesel fuel burner output power control method adopts; Burner of the present invention is connected with electromagnetic pump through oil duct; Electromagnetic pump is connected with the electromagnetic pump power amplifier again; The electromagnetic pump power amplifier is connected with computer again; Burner also is connected with blower fan through the air channel; The air channel is provided with air mass flow sensor; Air mass flow sensor also is connected with computer; Behind blower fan, be provided with the blower fan power amplifier; The blower fan power amplifier is connected with computer, also is connected with computer through hall device is set in the blower fan; Firing equipment is connected with computer with the selector switch that is connected through temperature transmitter, is provided with knob and is connected with computer through potentiometer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention does, the essence that the burner power output is regulated is to dropping into the adjusting of fuel quantity, and the present invention adopts the electromagnetic pump fuel feeding, drives electromagnetic pump through pulse frequency modulation circuit (PFM), and the relation of fuel quantity and PFM pulse frequency is:
L=κCft………(1)
In the formula (1): L-fuel duty (Kg); κ-coefficient; C-fuel metering value (constant, the fuel quantity Kg of a pulse period); The pulse frequency of f-electromagnetic pump work (0~200 hertz); The t-electromagnetic pump working time (second).
Yet stability or fully burning for guaranteeing burning when changing fuel quantity by the air-fuel ratio requirement, must be joined and give suitable combustion-supporting air quantity.Because combustion-supporting air quantity is the function of atmospheric density, when amblent air temperature changed, atmospheric density also changed thereupon.Therefore, core of the present invention not only wants through type (1) for burning fuel to be provided precisely, the more important thing is the Mathematical Modeling of setting up fuel and combustion air mass flow by the air-fuel ratio requirement.
One of principle of the present invention is: according to the needs of thermic load, computer extracts knob signal given or that firing equipment feeds back through the temperature, pressure transmitter, produces corresponding control voltage, drives blower fan through power amplifier combustion air is provided.For specific blower fan, its fixedly the parameter of passage component confirm.The volume of air flow of blower fan is proportional to the rotating speed of blower fan.That is:
Q
2?=?Q
1×(N
2/N
1)………(2)
Subscript is represented the different operating point in the formula (2).For specific blower fan, φ=Q
1/ N
1Be certain, be called the discharge coefficient of this blower fan, the volume of air flow that expression blower fan revolution produces.With this, the volume of air flow that blower fan produces can be expressed as:
Q=?φ×N………(3)
Q in the formula (3)-volume of air flow (rice
3/ second); φ-compressor flow coefficient (rice
3/ change); N-rotation speed of fan (revolutions per second).Therefore through presetting the volume of air flow that rotation speed of fan can preset this blower fan.
Because the air of equal volume flow corresponding mass flow under different pressures (pressure) and temperature is different, so should adopt the mass flow calculation of air when calculating combustion air:
Qa=φ×N×ρ………(4)
Qa-MAF (Kilograms Per Second) in the formula (4); ρ-atmospheric density (kilogram/rice
3)
Be installed in the air data sensor monitoring current environment weather (temperature, air pressure etc.) in the combustion controller, a kind of situation is that the atmospheric density that the amblent air temperature factor causes is changed, and compensates through the adjustment rotation speed of fan; Another kind of situation is when climatic environment surpasses defined terms; Controller is according to the requirement of best " air-fuel ratio "; The operating frequency that adopts pulse frequency modulation (PFM) signal controlling electromagnetic pump is guaranteed abundant and efficient burning under these two kinds of operating modes with the adjustment fuel duty.No matter which kind of situation, according to air-fuel ratio, fuel is supplied with and is all followed:
L=?Qa/(f×R)?………(5)
R-air-fuel ratio in the formula (5), dimensionless factor, value 1~2.
Two of principle of the present invention is: according to the needs of burner power output size; Computer extracts knob voltage signal given or that firing equipment feeds back through the temperature, pressure transmitter; Produce corresponding voltage signal and drive blower fan through power amplifier; Air inlet or air outlet that air mass flow sensor is installed in the burner blower fan directly detect combustion-supporting MAF; Adopt the operating frequency of PFM control electromagnetic pump, fuel is provided according to formula (5).
Owing to adopted fuel duty to follow the mode of combustion-supporting air quantity, through regulating rotation speed of fan with regard to controlled burner made power output, and with near best " air-fuel ratio " fully and efficient burning; In addition,, stop the fuel supply automatically, in igniting or rekindle Shi Buhui detonation or out of control takes place, guarantee safe and reliable when air supply device breaks down when quitting work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 representes system schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is expression a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the expression another kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3.
Among Fig. 1: the Us-supply voltage; The RP1-potentiometer; The θ 1-knob anglec of rotation; The voltage of RP1 sampling end during Ui-knob θ 1; The A-computer chip; G1-blower fan power amplifier; G2-electromagnetic pump power amplifier; The Pt-air data sensor; The M1-blower fan; The M2-electromagnetic pump; The H-Hall; The S-air mass flow sensor; The B-burner; The C-firing equipment; T-temperature, pressure transmitter.
In Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4: the 1-thermostabiliser; The 2-control device; The 3-knob; The 4-air data sensor; The 5-centrifugal wind wheel; The 6-blower motor; The 7-electromagnetic pump; The 8-premixer; The 9-oil circuit; The 10-evaporimeter; The 11-combustion chamber; The 12-housing; The 13-air mass flow sensor; 14 air funnels; 15 stable flame pans; 16 nozzles.
The specific embodiment
A kind of diesel fuel burner output power control method; The present invention is according to the needs of firing equipment thermic load; Press specified criteria control rotation speed of fan; Adopt air data sensor monitoring of environmental climate parameter; Calculate current atmospheric density; Its difference is compensated through the adjustment rotation speed of fan, combustion-supporting air quantity is satisfied: Qa=φ * N * ρ; Fuel is followed combustion-supporting air quantity and is satisfied: and L=Qa/ (f * R);
In the formula: Qa-MAF (Kilograms Per Second); ρ-atmospheric density (kilogram/rice
3); L-fuel duty (kilogram); The pulse frequency (0~200 hertz) of f-PFM control electromagnetic pump work; φ-compressor flow coefficient (rice
3/ change); R-air-fuel ratio (dimensionless factor, value 1~2); N-rotation speed of fan (revolutions per second).
The present invention is through detecting rotation speed of fan, and feedback combustion-supporting air quantity information is controlled fuel and followed the combustion-supporting air quantity variation automatically, when blower fan quits work, and the automatic stop supplies of fuel.
The present invention is according to the needs of firing equipment thermic load, presses specified criteria control rotation speed of fan, at the air inlet or the air outlet of burner blower fan air mass flow sensor is installed, and (f * R) controls fuel quantity press L=Qa/ according to the MAF of actual measurement.
In Fig. 1; Burner B is the supplying heat source of firing equipment C; Ui represents the desired value of burner power output; Regulate Ui and just can obtain the thermic load that firing equipment C needs; Ui is that supply voltage Us is applied on the potentiometer RP1, the voltage signal that obtains at the output of potentiometer RP1 during knob θ 1 angle; Perhaps be arranged on the voltage signal of a certain locational temperature and pressure transmitter of firing equipment C through temperature, pressure transmitter T feedback.Computer A is extracted Ui and is driven blower fan M1 through the A/D conversion and after handling through power amplifier G1; The rotational speed N of blower fan M1 is the function of U; Computer A is obtained combustion-supporting air quantity information through Hall H feedback blower fan M1 tach signal; Utilize air data sensor Pt to detect current climatic environment simultaneously; Regulate the rotating speed of blower fan M1; Atmospheric density is recompensed, make combustion-supporting air quantity satisfy formula (4); Perhaps directly detect the mass flow of combustion air through air mass flow sensor S; Adopt the operating frequency of PFM control electromagnetic pump M2; According to the requirement of best " air-fuel ratio ", to follow formula (5) metering and supply with fuel, fuel atomizes in burner and combustion air mixes fully burning of back.
Being oil duct between electromagnetic pump M2 and the burner B, is the air channel between air mass flow sensor S and the burner B.
The control device that a kind of diesel fuel burner output power control method adopts; Burner of the present invention is connected with electromagnetic pump through oil duct; Electromagnetic pump is connected with the electromagnetic pump power amplifier again; The electromagnetic pump power amplifier is connected with computer again; Burner also is connected with blower fan through the air channel; The air channel is provided with air mass flow sensor; Air mass flow sensor also is connected with computer; Behind blower fan, be provided with the blower fan power amplifier; The blower fan power amplifier is connected with computer, also is connected with computer through hall device is set in the blower fan; Firing equipment is connected with computer with the selector switch that is connected through temperature transmitter, is provided with knob and is connected with computer through potentiometer.
In Fig. 2; The present embodiment power output can be regulated by knob 3; Knob 3 presets the rotating speed of blower fan 6; Drive centrifugal wind wheel 5 air feeds; Also drive simultaneously evaporimeter 10 and accomplish fuel-oil atmozation; Centrifugal wind wheel 5 is sent into premixer 8 after generation pressure passes air into evaporimeter 10 under the driving of blower fan 6 combustion-supporting; Combustion-supporting air capacity is suc as formula (4); The rotating speed and the atmospheric density ρ that depend on blower fan 6; Fuel quantity L servo-actuated is in combustion-supporting air quantity Qa; The operating frequency f of the PFM circuit controling electromagnetism pump 7 in the control device 2; Supply with fuel by formula (5) metering; Fuel gets in premixer 8 once more mixing with combustion air by oil circuit 9 after evaporimeter 10 gasifications, in combustion chamber 11, light and sustained combustion.In this specific embodiment, air data sensor 4 is installed in the control device 2, and the amblent air temperature parameter that detects burner is to confirm current atmospheric density, and when atmospheric density departed from desired value, control device 2 changed blower fan 6 rotating speeds and recompenses; When amblent air temperature can not provide the air capacity that needs above defined terms, control device to satisfy best air-fuel ratio, reached abundant and efficient burning through electromagnetic pump 7 automatic fuel metering amounts.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are another kind of specific embodiments of the present invention.A kind of electric control diesel burner according to the power output needs, presets blower fan 6 rotating speeds, drives centrifugal wind wheel 5 air-supplies, gets into air funnel 14 through air mass flow sensor 13; After air mass flow sensor 13 detects combustion-supporting air quantity Qa; According to formula (5); Calculate required fuel quantity L; Control electromagnetic pump 7 is supplied with fuel oil through oil circuit 9 meterings; Through atomizer 16 atomizing back and air mixed combustions through stable flame pan 15 after, reach power output (firepower) adjusting and efficient burning purpose.