CN102352622B - Method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and construction method for alkali- residue-modified soil - Google Patents
Method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and construction method for alkali- residue-modified soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102352622B CN102352622B CN2011102075367A CN201110207536A CN102352622B CN 102352622 B CN102352622 B CN 102352622B CN 2011102075367 A CN2011102075367 A CN 2011102075367A CN 201110207536 A CN201110207536 A CN 201110207536A CN 102352622 B CN102352622 B CN 102352622B
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- soil
- alkaline residue
- moisture content
- alkali residue
- expansive soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and a construction method for the alkali residue modified soil. The method for improving the swelling soil by using the alkali residue comprises the following steps of: 1, mixing the alkali residue and the swelling soil uniformly in a mass ratio of the alkali residue to dry soil of 30 to 40 percent to obtain mixed soil; 2, determining the best moisture content of the mixed soil through a heavy compaction test in 'Road Geotechnical Test Regulation' JTJ-051-93; and 3, adjusting the moisture content of the mixed soil obtained in the step 1 to maintain the moisture content to be the best moisture content, mixing uniformly, and enclosing the materials under the natural condition for 5 to 7 days to obtain the alkali residue modified soil. The construction method comprises the following steps of: unloading the alkali residue modified soil after improvement into an appointed place; paving uniformly, wherein the paving thickness is 30 to 35 cm; after detecting that the moisture content meets the best moisture content requirement, statically pressing the soil quickly and leveling accurately by using a road roller; and rolling the road surface to the required compactedness. The improved swelling soil can eliminate expansibility of the swelling soil, improve water stability of the swelling soil and meet strength required by engineering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geological disaster processing and Geotechnical Engineering field, what be specifically related to is that a kind of expansive soil must be improved and job practices.
Background technology
Up to the present, the expansive soil improvement method mainly contains: compacting method, physically improved method, chemical amendments, moisturizing method, soil replacement method and biological modification method.
(1) compacting method is that expansive soil is compacted to desired density.Compacting method expense is low, but certain limited applicability is arranged, and it generally is applicable to weak expansive soil foundation, and the expansive soil foundation dry density after compacting can increase, and cohesive force and angle of internal friction also increase, and bearing capacity of foundation soil improves.
(2) physically improved method comprises soil nail wall, and pile foundation adds geotextile and changes the native methods such as grating to mixing sand gravel in expansive soil.Physical modified method construction is simple, but execution conditions, restricted application.
(3) chemical modifying method is that Xiang Tuzhong mixes inorganic salts or organic substance etc., improve the interaction between water and soil by the surface reaction of catalytic activation grogs, make native character still can reach set index under the impact of water, improve the engineering properties of expansive soil.
(4) moisturizing method is that the variation of moisture content is the most direct factor that causes the expansive soil expand with wet and contract with dry, and the moisturizing method is exactly to keep the moisture content in soil constant.
(5) soil replacement method is a kind of expansive soil under ground is cut out and change the method for common great soil group or dirt into, and this method can thoroughly be effected a radical cure the harm that expansive soil causes.
(6) the biological modification method is exactly to utilize biosurfactant to be attached on the surface of clay mineral can reduce liquid level tension force and make clay mineral surface-hydrophobicized, destroy the mineral surfaces hydration shell or make it attenuation, thereby make interparticle bonding power become large, the shear strength of soil improves, and swell-shrink characteristic reduces.
(7) existing physically improvedly have again chemical modifying method to refer to mix by a certain percentage lime, cement, flyash, slag and compound thereof in expansive soil, adds a certain amount of active catalyst and promote modifying agent and native stable reaction soil.
The transformation of summing up above 7 kinds of method expansive soils mainly contains modification and structural transformation two is large
Class, wherein, in method of modifying, the method commonly used of comparative maturity is lime, cement improvement, these two kinds of methods are all to utilize the hydrate of silicate and aluminium and the mutual cementation of soil particle, along with cement dewaters and neogenic crystallization gradually, form gelling become to assign to binder soil earth, stop up the capillary structure of soil, thereby reduce liquid limit, increase the shear strength of the soil body.This is current comparatively successful soil-solidified-agent, but lime and cement and native reaction speed are slower, and the hydrate intensity generated is lower, and durability is poor, and lime intermingled quantity is more than 8%, cement mixing content just can reach certain effect more than 6%, and operating expenses is somewhat high, needs uniform mixing repeatedly during construction, cycle is long, during work consuming, and be difficult for holding, hidden danger of quality easily occurs.Simultaneously also there is contaminated environment in it, is unfavorable for the problem such as greening.For seek economy, effectively, the Expansive Soil Filling improvement new way of environmental protection, Chinese scholars has proposed a large amount of additive methods from different approach, wherein macromolecular material has become focus as additive.But the test effect of at present domestic interpolation scheme is unsatisfactory and replicability is poor.
And alkaline residue is the discarded object discharged in alkali station-service ammonia-soda process alkaline manufacturing process, one ton of soda ash of every production, discharge about 10m according to statistics
3waste liquid, wherein containing alkaline residue 300～600kg.Any accumulation of alkaline residue and discharge meeting cause serious pollution to environment and water body, it is carried out to recycling and can bring economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Summary of the invention
The volume that purpose of the present invention just is to overcome cement, lime is large, the defect that the comprehensive utilization of alkaline residue is poor, the invention provides a kind of method and job practices thereof of alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, can effectively solve the intensity that roadbed that the swell-shrinking deformation of expansive soil brings destroys problem and improves expansive soil, be easy to promote.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, and step is:
The first step, the ratio that is 30%～40% in alkaline residue quality and dry ground mass ratio, evenly obtain composite soil by alkaline residue and expansive soil mix;
Second step, determine the optimum moisture content of composite soil by the medium and heavy compaction test of " highway earthwork test rule " JTJ-051-93;
The 3rd step, the water content of adjusting the composite soil that the first step obtains remains on optimum moisture content, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), so just can obtain the alkaline residue Modified soil.
Described alkaline residue mainly contains by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2o
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%.
The method of using alkaline residue to improve expansive soil obtains the job practices of alkaline residue Modified soil, and construction sequence is:
The first step, after the alkaline residue Modified soil is discharged to appointed place, pave evenly, and paving thickness is 30～35cm;
Second step, after the detection moisture content reaches optimum moisture content, with the quick static pressure of road roller accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface is to required degree of compaction.
beneficial effect:
At first, the present invention directly uses discarded alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, has both saved engineering cost, makes again alkaline residue be reused, and has protected environment, and the engineering project disaster caused for the minimizing expansive soil has again been opened up a new modification method.
Secondly, discarded alkaline residue adds as coarse aggregate, can play skeleton function, and can improve the mixture grating, makes alkaline residue be uniformly distributed in expansive soil, has good physical property, belongs to physically improved method;
Again, the CaCO contained in alkaline residue
3, CaO, SiO
2and Al
2o
3react the new complex compound CaCO of generation Deng composition with the composition in expansive soil
3ca (OH)
2, CaSiO
3caCO
3ca (OH)
2nH
2o, CaOSiO
2nH
2o and CaOAl
2o
3nH
2o etc., can fill the space of mixed soil sample, increases compactness, and then effectively improve expansive soil intensity, belongs to chemical modifying, and the present invention effectively combines physically improved and advantage chemical modifying method.
The specific embodiment
The discarded alkali slag of discharging in the manufacture soda ash process that the present invention's alkaline residue used provides from Tianjin Caustic Soda Plant, chemical composition is as described in Table 1.
The chemical composition analysis result of table 1 alkaline residue
| The compound title | Shared mass percent/the % of compound |
| CaCO 3 | 43.65 |
| CaSO 4 | 3.86 |
| CaCl 2 | 10.27 |
| CaO | 13.60 |
| Al 2O 3 | 3.75 |
| Fe 2O 3 | 0.36 |
| SiO 2 | 8.21 |
| NaCl | 2.53 |
| Mg(OH) 2 | 8.95 |
| H 2O | 4.82 |
Alkaline residue is divided into three kinds, has soda ash slag, secondary to utilize alkaline residue and alkaline residue mixture (referring to the mixture that secondary utilizes alkaline residue and flyash), and the chemical compound of these three kinds of alkaline residues is different.What in the present invention, alkaline residue was used is the soda ash slag, is also that in these three kinds of alkaline residues, improvement expansive soil effect is best.The main chemical compositions in the alkaline residue material, the improvement expansive soil worked, mainly comprise: CaCO by percentage to the quality
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2o
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%.
A kind of method of alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, step is:
The first step, the ratio that is 30%～40% in blending ratio (blending ratio refers to alkaline residue quality and dry ground mass ratio), take alkaline residue and expansive soil, and mix evenly obtains composite soil;
Second step, determine the optimum moisture content of composite soil by the medium and heavy compaction test of " highway earthwork test rule " JTJ-051-93;
The 3rd step, the water content of adjusting the composite soil that the first step obtains by the way that digs airing and add water remains on optimum moisture content, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), so just can obtain the alkaline residue Modified soil after alkaline residue is improved.
Use the method for described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices that alkaline residue is improved expansive soil, its construction sequence is:
The first step, after the alkaline residue Modified soil is discharged to appointed place, pave evenly, and paving thickness is 30～35cm;
Second step, after the detection moisture content meets the optimum moisture content requirement, with the quick static pressure of road roller accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface is to required degree of compaction.Expansive soil after improvement can be eliminated the dilatancy of expansive soil, improves the water stability of expansive soil, meets the engineering desirable strength.
embodiment 1
The composite soil preparation, with preparation 1.3kg composite soil.The processing step of composite soil preparation is as follows: (1) needs the dry ground quality of improvement expansive soil is 1.0kg, after the ratio that is 30% in blending ratio (blending ratio refers to alkaline residue quality and dry ground mass ratio) takes required alkaline residue quality 0.3kg (2) and mixes, You<< highway earthwork test rule " optimum moisture content 18% that (JTJ-051-93) obtains in medium and heavy compaction test, 1.3kg * 0.18=234g water is added wherein, and mix evenly prevents that forming pimple obtains composite soil.
The improvement construction method step is: after the alkaline residue Modified soil is discharged to appointed place, pave evenly, paving thickness is 30～35cm; After the detection moisture content reaches the optimum moisture content requirement, with the quick static pressure of road roller accurately leveling; Rolling road surface is to required degree of compaction.
Improved effect: (1) swell-shrink characteristic: (JTJ-051-93) do the expansion overall rate according to " highway earthwork test rule " and test, pure expansive soil expansion overall rate is 6.08%, when blending ratio reaches 30%, alkaline residue conditioned soil expansion overall rate after improvement is only 0.130%, meets the expansion overall rate e of the improvement expansive soil of " Highway Roadbed Construction Technology standard " defined
sp≤ 0.7% requirement; According to " highway earthwork test rule " (JTJ-051-93) free swell test of doing, pure expansive soil degree of free swelling is 51%, when blending ratio reaches 30%, alkaline residue conditioned soil degree of free swelling after improvement is only 7%, meets the degree of free swelling F of the improvement expansive soil of " Highway Roadbed Construction Technology standard " defined
s≤ 40% requirement; Pure expansive soil is 12% without the lotus swell increment, and when blending ratio reaches 30%, the alkaline residue conditioned soil after improvement is only 0.91% without the lotus swell increment, and now, expansive soil is close to without dilatancy; (2) intensity: according to " highway earthwork test rule " (JTJ-051-93) unconfined compression strength test of doing, when pure expansive soil moisture content is 20.3%, its intensity reaches peak value, for 628kpa, but its intensity moisture content variable effect is violent, therefore easily produce the breathing variation, cause workmanship impaired, and mix the alkaline residue rate while reaching 30%, the intensity peak of its mixture is 1058kpa, meets " Highway Roadbed Construction Technology standard " (JTJ-033-95) unconfined compression strength q of defined
uthe requirement of>=800kPa, and strength is less with the moisture content impact; (JTJ-051-93) do the direct shearing strength test according to " highway earthwork test rule ", the Shear Strength Index c=72kPa of pure expansive soil,
=19 °, and mix the alkaline residue rate while reaching 30%, the Shear Strength Index of the alkaline residue Modified soil after improvement is c=123kPa,
=31 °, intensity has obtained large increase; (3) water stability: obviously disintegration after pure expansive soil immersion 72h, when blending ratio reaches 30%, obviously disintegration of nothing after the expansive soil immersion 72h after improvement.
Expansive soil after this patent adopts the German XRD diffractometer produced to the improvement of embodiment 1 is tested, and finds that the new complex compound that test generates has: CaCO
3ca (OH)
2, CaSiO
3caCO
3ca (OH)
2nH
2o, CaOSiO
2nH
2o and CaOAl
2o
3nH
2o etc., the title of these complex compounds is increased in patent.
At first finely divided CaCO in alkaline residue
3with Ca (OH)
2generate complex compound CaCO
3ca (OH)
2, the SiO contained in this complex compound and expansive soil
2generate new Compound complex CaSiO
3caCO
3ca (OH)
2nH
2o, the existence of this Compound complex has affected the distribution in space, has the minimizing water absorption rate, increases the effect of compactness.Concrete reaction equation is as follows.
CaCO
3+ Ca (OH)
2→ CaCO
3ca (OH)
2(formula 1)
CaCO
3ca (OH)
2+ SiO
2+ nH
2o → CaSiO
3caCO
3ca (OH)
2nH
2o (formula 2)
?
Secondly, contain the oxide of a large amount of Al and Si in alkaline residue, they can be at Ca (OH)
2under the environment existed, by Ca (OH)
2break Al-O and Si-O network in oxide, with Ca
2+water generation reaction calcium silicates C-S-H and drated calcium aluminate C-A-H.They are all stability gum materials preferably, can form stable network structure at material internal, in air, harden and the very high intensity of acquisition, along with the intensity of carrying out of reacting improves gradually.Concrete reaction equation is as follows.
SiO
2+ xCa (OH)
2+ mH
2o → xCaOSiO
2nH
2o (formula 3)
Al
2o
3+ xCa (OH)
2+ mH
2o → xCaOAl
2o
3nH
2o (formula 4)
Al
2o
3+ xCa (OH)
2+ yCO
2+ mH
2o → xCaOAl
2o
3yCaCO
3nH
2o (formula 5)
embodiment 2
The method of the weak expansive soil of a kind of alkaline residue improvement, step is:
The first step, the ratio that is 30% in blending ratio (blending ratio refers to alkaline residue quality and dry ground mass ratio), take alkaline residue and expansive soil, and mix is even; The main chemical compositions of described alkaline residue, by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2o
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%;
Second step, by testing the optimum moisture content of determining mixed soil sample;
The 3rd step, remain on optimum moisture content by the water content that digs airing and add the composite soil that the way of water makes the first step obtain, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), so just can obtain the alkaline residue Modified soil after alkaline residue is improved.
Use the method for described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices that alkaline residue is improved expansive soil, its construction sequence is:
The first step, after the alkaline residue Modified soil after improvement is discharged to appointed place, pave evenly, and paving thickness is 30cm;
Second step, after the detection moisture content meets the optimum moisture content requirement, with the quick static pressure of road roller accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface is to required degree of compaction.Expansive soil after improvement can be eliminated the dilatancy of expansive soil, improves the water stability of expansive soil, meets the engineering desirable strength.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of alkaline residue improvement middle expansive soils, step is:
The first step, the ratio that is 40% in blending ratio (blending ratio refers to alkaline residue quality and dry ground mass ratio), take alkaline residue and expansive soil, and mix is even; The main chemical compositions of described alkaline residue, by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2o
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%;
Second step, by testing the optimum moisture content of determining mixed soil sample;
The 3rd step, remain on optimum moisture content by the water content that digs airing and add the composite soil that the way of water makes the first step obtain, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), so just can obtain the alkaline residue Modified soil after alkaline residue is improved.
Use the method for described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices that alkaline residue is improved expansive soil, its construction sequence is:
The first step, after the alkaline residue Modified soil after improvement is discharged to appointed place, pave evenly, and paving thickness is 35cm;
Second step, after the detection moisture content meets the optimum moisture content requirement, with the quick static pressure of road roller accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface is to required degree of compaction.Expansive soil after improvement can be eliminated the dilatancy of expansive soil, improves the water stability of expansive soil, meets the engineering desirable strength.
Claims (3)
1. the method for an alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, is characterized in that, step is:
The first step, the ratio that is 30%～40% in alkaline residue quality and dry ground mass ratio, evenly obtain composite soil by alkaline residue and expansive soil mix;
Second step, determine the optimum moisture content of composite soil by the medium and heavy compaction test of " highway earthwork test rule " JTJ-051-93;
The 3rd step, the water content of adjusting the composite soil that the first step obtains remains on optimum moisture content, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), so just can obtain the alkaline residue Modified soil.
2. the method for alkaline residue improvement expansive soil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described alkaline residue mainly contains by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2o
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%.
3. right to use requires the method for 1 described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices of alkaline residue Modified soil, it is characterized in that, construction sequence is:
The first step, after the alkaline residue Modified soil is discharged to appointed place, pave evenly, and paving thickness is 30～35cm;
Second step, after the detection moisture content reaches optimum moisture content, with the quick static pressure of road roller accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface is to required degree of compaction.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102075367A CN102352622B (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and construction method for alkali- residue-modified soil |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102605759A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | Method for quick consolidation of soda waste of soft silt foundation |
| CN103233458B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-04-08 | 河海大学 | Expansive soil improved by waste straw ash and marble ash and preparation method and application thereof in construction |
| CN104652404B (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2017-02-22 | 丁思华 | Method for carrying out resource utilization on caustic slag after physical dehydrating |
| CN108729436A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-11-02 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of quick consolidation method suitable for silt soft foundation |
| CN107189784B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2019-10-15 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of waste old ceramics expansive soil modifier and its application method |
| CN112198089A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-08 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Lime modified expansive soil compaction test method |
| CN112665976B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-11-18 | 淮阴工学院 | Design method for strength ratio of caustic sludge improved lime stabilized soil |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1140151A (en) * | 1996-09-02 | 1997-01-15 | 天津碱渣地产开发有限公司 | Engrg. earth made from alkaline residue, making method and apparatus thereof |
| RU2189382C2 (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2002-09-20 | Благотворительный фонд "Возрождение садов на Руси" | Moisture-swelling soil conditioner and a method of preparation thereof |
| CN101413260A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-04-22 | 河海大学 | Method for improving swelled ground by waste tire glue powder |
| CN101423353A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-06 | 河海大学 | Method for improving expansive soil by waste foundry sand and construction method |
-
2011
- 2011-07-25 CN CN2011102075367A patent/CN102352622B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1140151A (en) * | 1996-09-02 | 1997-01-15 | 天津碱渣地产开发有限公司 | Engrg. earth made from alkaline residue, making method and apparatus thereof |
| RU2189382C2 (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2002-09-20 | Благотворительный фонд "Возрождение садов на Руси" | Moisture-swelling soil conditioner and a method of preparation thereof |
| CN101413260A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-04-22 | 河海大学 | Method for improving swelled ground by waste tire glue powder |
| CN101423353A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-06 | 河海大学 | Method for improving expansive soil by waste foundry sand and construction method |
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