CN102352622A - Method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and construction method for alkali- residue-modified soil - Google Patents
Method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and construction method for alkali- residue-modified soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102352622A CN102352622A CN2011102075367A CN201110207536A CN102352622A CN 102352622 A CN102352622 A CN 102352622A CN 2011102075367 A CN2011102075367 A CN 2011102075367A CN 201110207536 A CN201110207536 A CN 201110207536A CN 102352622 A CN102352622 A CN 102352622A
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- soil
- alkaline residue
- moisture content
- expansive soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving swelling soil by using alkali residue and a construction method for the alkali residue modified soil. The method for improving the swelling soil by using the alkali residue comprises the following steps of: 1, mixing the alkali residue and the swelling soil uniformly in a mass ratio of the alkali residue to dry soil of 30 to 40 percent to obtain mixed soil; 2, determining the best moisture content of the mixed soil through a heavy compaction test in 'Road Geotechnical Test Regulation' JTJ-051-93; and 3, adjusting the moisture content of the mixed soil obtained in the step 1 to maintain the moisture content to be the best moisture content, mixing uniformly, and enclosing the materials under the natural condition for 5 to 7 days to obtain the alkali residue modified soil. The construction method comprises the following steps of: unloading the alkali residue modified soil after improvement into an appointed place; paving uniformly, wherein the paving thickness is 30 to 35 cm; after detecting that the moisture content meets the best moisture content requirement, statically pressing the soil quickly and leveling accurately by using a road roller; and rolling the road surface to the required compactedness. The improved swelling soil can eliminate expansibility of the swelling soil, improve water stability of the swelling soil and meet strength required by engineering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geological disaster processing and geotechnical engineering technical field, what be specifically related to is that a kind of expansive soil must be improved and job practices.
Background technology
Up to the present, the expansive soil improvement method mainly contains: compacting method, physically improved method, chemical amendments, the method for preserving moisture, soil replacement method and biological modification method.
(1) compacting method is that expansive soil is compacted to desired density.Compacting method expense is low, but certain limited applicability is arranged, and it generally is applicable to weak expansive soil foundation, and the expansive soil foundation dry density after the compacting can increase, and cohesive force also increases the bearing capacity of foundation soil raising with angle of internal friction.
(2) physically improved method comprises the soil nailing wall, and pile foundation adds geotextile and in expansive soil, mixes the methods such as grating that sand gravel changes soil.Physical modification method construction is simple, but execution conditions, restricted application.
(3) chemical modifying method is that Xiang Tuzhong mixes inorganic salts or organic substance etc., improves the interaction between the water and soil through the surface reaction of catalytic activation grogs, makes the character of soil under the influence of water, still can reach set index, improves the engineering properties of expansive soil.
(4) method of preserving moisture is that the variation of moisture content is the most directly factor that causes the expansive soil expand with wet and contract with dry, and the method for preserving moisture is exactly to keep the moisture content in the soil constant.
(5) soil replacement method is a kind of expansive soil under the ground is cut out and change the method for common great soil group or dirt into, and this method can thoroughly be effected a radical cure the harm that expansive soil causes.
(6) the biological modification method is exactly to utilize biosurfactant attached to reducing liquid level tension force on the surface of clay mineral and making clay mineral surface-hydrophobicized; Destroy the mineral surfaces hydration shell or make it attenuation; Thereby make interparticle bonding power become big, the shear strength of soil improves, and swell-shrink characteristic reduces.
(7) existing physically improvedly have chemical modifying method to be meant again in expansive soil, to mix lime, cement, flyash, slag and compound thereof by a certain percentage, adds the stable reaction soil that a certain amount of active catalyst promotes modifying agent and soil.
The transformation of summing up above 7 kinds of method expansive soils mainly contains modification and structural transformation two is big
Type; Wherein, The method commonly used of comparative maturity is lime, cement improvement in the method for modifying; These two kinds of methods all are to utilize the hydrate and the mutual cementation of soil particle of silicate and aluminium; Along with cement dewaters and neogenic crystallization gradually; Form gelling become to assign to binder soil earth, stop up the capillary structure of soil, thereby reduce liquid limit, increase the shear strength of the soil body.This is present comparatively successful soil-solidified-agent; But the reaction speed of lime and cement and soil is slower, and the hydrate intensity that is generated is lower, and durability is relatively poor; And lime intermingled quantity is more than 8%; Cement mixing content just can reach certain effect more than 6%, and operating expenses is a bit high, needs uniform mixing repeatedly during construction; Cycle is long; Consume man-hour, and be difficult for holding, occur hidden danger of quality easily.Simultaneously also there is contaminated environment in it, is unfavorable for problem such as greening.For seek economy, effectively, the expansive soil filler improvement new way of environmental protection, Chinese scholars has proposed a large amount of additive methods from different approach, wherein macromolecular material has become focus as additive.But, but the test effect of at present domestic interpolation scheme is unsatisfactory and generalization is relatively poor.
And alkaline residue is the discarded object that discharges in the alkali station-service ammonia alkali legal system alkali manufacturing process, and one ton of soda ash of every according to statistics production discharges about 10m
3Waste liquid, wherein contain alkaline residue 300～600kg.Any accumulation of alkaline residue and discharging meeting cause serious pollution to environment and water body, it is carried out recycling can bring economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Summary of the invention
The volume that the object of the invention just is to overcome cement, lime is big; The defective of the comprehensive utilization difference of alkaline residue; The invention provides a kind of method and job practices thereof of alkaline residue improvement expansive soil; Can effectively solve the intensity that roadbed that the swell-shrinking deformation of expansive soil brings destroys problem and improves expansive soil, be easy to promote.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, and step is:
The first step is 30%～40% ratio in the ratio of alkaline residue quality and dry ground quality, and alkaline residue and expansive soil mix are evenly obtained composite soil;
Second goes on foot, and confirms the optimum moisture content of composite soil through the medium and heavy compaction test of " highway earthwork test rule " JTJ-051-93;
In the 3rd step, the water content of the composite soil that obtains of the adjustment first step remains on optimum moisture content, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), it is native so just can to obtain the alkaline residue modification.
Described alkaline residue mainly contains by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2O
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%.
Use the method for alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the native job practices of alkaline residue modification, construction sequence is:
The first step, alkaline residue modification soil is discharged to the appointed place after, pave evenly, paving thickness is 30～35cm;
Second step is after the detection moisture content reaches optimum moisture content, with quick static pressure of road roller and accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface to required degree of compaction.
Beneficial effect:
At first, the present invention directly uses discarded alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, has both practiced thrift engineering cost, and alkaline residue is reused, and has protected environment, and the engineering project disaster that causes for the minimizing expansive soil has been opened up a new modification method again.
Secondly, discarded alkaline residue adds as coarse aggregate, can play skeleton function, and can improve the mixture grating, makes alkaline residue in expansive soil, evenly distribute, and has good physical property, belongs to physically improved method;
Once more, the CaCO that contains in the alkaline residue
3, CaO, SiO
2And Al
2O
3Generate new complex compound CaCO Deng the reaction of the composition in composition and the expansive soil
3Ca (OH)
2, CaSiO
3CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2NH
2O, CaOSiO
2NH
2O and CaOAl
2O
3NH
2O etc. can fill the space of mixed soil sample, increase compactness, and then effectively improve expansive soil intensity, belong to chemical modifying, and the present invention has effectively combined physically improved and advantage chemical modifying method.
The specific embodiment
The discarded alkali slag of discharging in the manufacturing soda ash process that the used alkaline residue of the present invention provides from Tianjin Caustic Soda Plant, chemical composition is as described in Table 1.
The chemical composition analysis result of table 1 alkaline residue
| The compound title | Shared mass percent/the % of compound |
| CaCO 3 | 43.65 |
| CaSO 4 | 3.86 |
| CaCl 2 | 10.27 |
| CaO | 13.60 |
| Al 2O 3 | 3.75 |
| Fe 2O 3 | 0.36 |
| SiO 2 | 8.21 |
| NaCl | 2.53 |
| Mg(OH) 2 | 8.95 |
| H 2O | 4.82 |
Alkaline residue is divided into three kinds, and soda ash slag, second use alkaline residue and alkaline residue mixture (referring to the mixture of second use alkaline residue and flyash) are arranged, and the chemical compound of these three kinds of alkaline residues is different.What alkaline residue was used among the present invention is the soda ash slag, also is that improvement expansive soil effect is best in these three kinds of alkaline residues.To the acting main chemical compositions of improvement expansive soil, mainly comprise by percentage to the quality: CaCO in the alkaline residue material
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2O
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%.
A kind of method of alkaline residue improvement expansive soil, step is:
The first step is 30%～40% ratio in blending ratio (blending ratio is meant the ratio of alkaline residue quality and dry ground quality), takes by weighing alkaline residue and expansive soil, and mix evenly obtains composite soil;
Second goes on foot, and confirms the optimum moisture content of composite soil through the medium and heavy compaction test of " highway earthwork test rule " JTJ-051-93;
The 3rd step remained on optimum moisture content through the water content of turning over the composite soil that the way adjustment first step of digging airing and adding water obtains, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), the alkaline residue modification that so just can obtain after the process alkaline residue is improved is native.
Use the method for described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices that alkaline residue is improved expansive soil, its construction sequence is:
The first step, alkaline residue modification soil is discharged to the appointed place after, pave evenly, paving thickness is 30～35cm;
Second step is after the detection moisture content meets the optimum moisture content requirement, with quick static pressure of road roller and accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface to required degree of compaction.Expansive soil after the process improvement can be eliminated the dilatancy of expansive soil, improves the water stability of expansive soil, satisfies the engineering desirable strength.
Embodiment 1
The composite soil preparation is with preparation 1.3kg composite soil.The processing step of composite soil preparation is following: (1) needs the dry ground quality of improvement expansive soil is 1.0kg; In blending ratio (blending ratio is meant the ratio of alkaline residue quality and dry ground quality) is that 30% ratio takes by weighing after required alkaline residue quality 0.3kg (2) mixes; The optimum moisture content 18% that (JTJ-051-93) obtains in the medium and heavy compaction test by " highway earthwork test rule "; 1.3kg * 0.18=234g water is added wherein, and mix prevents that evenly forming pimple obtains composite soil.
The improvement construction method step is: after alkaline residue modification soil is discharged to the appointed place, pave evenly, paving thickness is 30～35cm; After the detection moisture content reaches the optimum moisture content requirement, with quick static pressure of road roller and accurately leveling; Rolling road surface to required degree of compaction.
Improved effect: (1) swell-shrink characteristic: (JTJ-051-93) do the expansion overall rate according to " highway earthwork test rule " and test; Pure expansive soil expansion overall rate is 6.08%; When blending ratio reaches 30%; Alkaline residue conditioned soil expansion overall rate after the improvement only is 0.130%, satisfies the expansion overall rate e of the improvement expansive soil of " highway subgrade construction technique normalizing " defined
Sp≤0.7% requirement; According to " highway earthwork test rule " (JTJ-051-93) free swell test of doing; Pure expansive soil degree of free swelling is 51%; When blending ratio reaches 30%; Alkaline residue conditioned soil degree of free swelling after the improvement only is 7%, satisfies the degree of free swelling F of the improvement expansive soil of " highway subgrade construction technique normalizing " defined
s≤40% requirement; It is 12% that pure expansive soil does not have the lotus swell increment, and when blending ratio reached 30%, it only was 0.91% that the alkaline residue conditioned soil after the improvement does not have the lotus swell increment, and at this moment, expansive soil is close to no dilatancy; (2) intensity: according to " highway earthwork test rule " (JTJ-051-93) unconfined compression strength test of doing; When pure expansive soil moisture content is 20.3%; Its intensity reaches peak value; Be 628kpa; But its intensity is violent with the moisture content variable effect, causes workmanship impaired so be easy to generate the breathing variation, reaches at 30% o'clock and mix the alkaline residue rate; The intensity peak of its mixture is 1058kpa, satisfies " highway subgrade construction technique normalizing " (JTJ-033-95) unconfined compression strength q of defined
uThe requirement of>=800kPa, and strength is less with the moisture content influence; (JTJ-051-93) do the direct shearing strength test according to " highway earthwork test rule ", the Shear Strength Index c=72kPa of pure expansive soil,
=19 °, reach at 30% o'clock and mix the alkaline residue rate, the Shear Strength Index of the alkaline residue modification soil after the improvement is c=123kPa,
=31 °, intensity has obtained large increase; (3) water stability: obviously disintegration behind the pure expansive soil immersion 72h, when blending ratio reaches 30%, no obvious disintegration behind the expansive soil immersion 72h after the improvement.
Expansive soil after this patent adopts the German XRD diffractometer that produces to the improvement of embodiment 1 is tested, and finds that the new complex compound that test generates has: CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2, CaSiO
3CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2NH
2O, CaOSiO
2NH
2O and CaOAl
2O
3NH
2O etc., the title of these complex compounds is increased in the patent.
Finely divided CaCO in the alkaline residue at first
3With Ca (OH)
2Generate complex compound CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2, the SiO that contains in this complex compound and the expansive soil
2Generate new compound complex compound CaSiO
3CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2NH
2O, the existence of this compound complex compound has influenced the distribution in space, has the minimizing water absorption rate, increases the effect of compactness.Concrete reaction equation is as follows.
CaCO
3+ Ca (OH)
2→ CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2(formula 1)
CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2+ SiO
2+ nH
2O → CaSiO
3CaCO
3Ca (OH)
2NH
2O (formula 2)
Secondly, contain the oxide of numerous Al and Si in the alkaline residue, they can be at Ca (OH)
2Under the environment that exists, by Ca (OH)
2Break Al-O and Si-O network in the oxide, with Ca
2+Water generation reaction calcium silicates C-S-H and drated calcium aluminate C-A-H.They all are stability gum materials preferably, can form stable network structure at material internal, in air, harden and the very high intensity of acquisition, along with the intensity of carrying out of reacting improves gradually.Concrete reaction equation is as follows.
SiO
2+ xCa (OH)
2+ mH
2O → xCaOSiO
2NH
2O (formula 3)
Al
2O
3+ xCa (OH)
2+ mH
2O → xCaOAl
2O
3NH
2O (formula 4)
Al
2O
3+ xCa (OH)
2+ yCO
2+ mH
2O → xCaOAl
2O
3YCaCO
3NH
2O (formula 5)
Embodiment 2
The method of the weak expansive soil of a kind of alkaline residue improvement, step is:
The first step is 30% ratio in blending ratio (blending ratio is meant the ratio of alkaline residue quality and dry ground quality), takes by weighing alkaline residue and expansive soil, and mix is even; The main chemical compositions of described alkaline residue, by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2O
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%;
Second step is through testing the optimum moisture content of confirming mixed soil sample;
The 3rd step made the water content of the composite soil that the first step obtains remain on optimum moisture content through turning over the way of digging airing and adding water, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), the alkaline residue modification that so just can obtain after the process alkaline residue is improved is native.
Use the method for described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices that alkaline residue is improved expansive soil, its construction sequence is:
The first step, the alkaline residue modification soil after the improvement is discharged to the appointed place after, pave evenly, paving thickness is 30cm;
Second step is after the detection moisture content meets the optimum moisture content requirement, with quick static pressure of road roller and accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface to required degree of compaction.Expansive soil after the process improvement can be eliminated the dilatancy of expansive soil, improves the water stability of expansive soil, satisfies the engineering desirable strength.
Embodiment 3
The method of expansive soil in a kind of alkaline residue improvement, step is:
The first step is 40% ratio in blending ratio (blending ratio is meant the ratio of alkaline residue quality and dry ground quality), takes by weighing alkaline residue and expansive soil, and mix is even; The main chemical compositions of described alkaline residue, by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2O
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%;
Second step is through testing the optimum moisture content of confirming mixed soil sample;
The 3rd step made the water content of the composite soil that the first step obtains remain on optimum moisture content through turning over the way of digging airing and adding water, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), the alkaline residue modification that so just can obtain after the process alkaline residue is improved is native.
Use the method for described alkaline residue improvement expansive soil to obtain the job practices that alkaline residue is improved expansive soil, its construction sequence is:
The first step, the alkaline residue modification soil after the improvement is discharged to the appointed place after, pave evenly, paving thickness is 35cm;
Second step is after the detection moisture content meets the optimum moisture content requirement, with quick static pressure of road roller and accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface to required degree of compaction.Expansive soil after the process improvement can be eliminated the dilatancy of expansive soil, improves the water stability of expansive soil, satisfies the engineering desirable strength.
Claims (3)
1. the method for alkaline residue improvement expansive soil is characterized in that step is:
The first step is 30%～40% ratio in the ratio of alkaline residue quality and dry ground quality, and alkaline residue and expansive soil mix are evenly obtained composite soil;
Second goes on foot, and confirms the optimum moisture content of composite soil through the medium and heavy compaction test of " highway earthwork test rule " JTJ-051-93;
In the 3rd step, the water content of the composite soil that obtains of the adjustment first step remains on optimum moisture content, mix evenly after shelving 5～7 days under field conditions (factors), it is native so just can to obtain the alkaline residue modification.
2. the method for alkaline residue improvement expansive soil as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described alkaline residue mainly contains by percentage to the quality: CaCO
343.6%, CaO 13.6%, SiO
28.2%, Al
2O
33.8%, Mg (OH)
29.0%.
3. use the method for the described alkaline residue improvement of claim 1 expansive soil to obtain the native job practices of alkaline residue modification, it is characterized in that construction sequence is:
The first step, alkaline residue modification soil is discharged to the appointed place after, pave evenly, paving thickness is 30～35cm;
Second step is after the detection moisture content reaches optimum moisture content, with quick static pressure of road roller and accurately leveling;
The 3rd step, rolling road surface to required degree of compaction.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102605759A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | Method for quick consolidation of soda waste of soft silt foundation |
| CN103233458A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 河海大学 | Expansive soil improved by waste straw ash and marble ash and preparation method and application thereof in construction |
| CN104652404A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-05-27 | 丁思华 | Method for carrying out resource utilization on caustic slag after physical dehydrating |
| CN107189784A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-22 | 滨州学院 | A kind of waste old ceramics expansive soil modifier and its application method |
| CN108729436A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-11-02 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of quick consolidation method suitable for silt soft foundation |
| CN112198089A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-08 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Lime modified expansive soil compaction test method |
| CN112665976A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-04-16 | 淮阴工学院 | Design method for strength ratio of caustic sludge improved lime stabilized soil |
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| CN101413260A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-04-22 | 河海大学 | Method for improving swelled ground by waste tire glue powder |
| CN101423353A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-06 | 河海大学 | Method for improving expansive soil by waste foundry sand and construction method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102605759A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | Method for quick consolidation of soda waste of soft silt foundation |
| CN103233458A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 河海大学 | Expansive soil improved by waste straw ash and marble ash and preparation method and application thereof in construction |
| CN104652404A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-05-27 | 丁思华 | Method for carrying out resource utilization on caustic slag after physical dehydrating |
| CN108729436A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-11-02 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of quick consolidation method suitable for silt soft foundation |
| CN107189784A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-22 | 滨州学院 | A kind of waste old ceramics expansive soil modifier and its application method |
| CN107189784B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2019-10-15 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of waste old ceramics expansive soil modifier and its application method |
| CN112198089A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-08 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Lime modified expansive soil compaction test method |
| CN112665976A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-04-16 | 淮阴工学院 | Design method for strength ratio of caustic sludge improved lime stabilized soil |
| CN112665976B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-11-18 | 淮阴工学院 | Design method for strength ratio of caustic sludge improved lime stabilized soil |
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