CN102350385B - High temperature thermostatic bath of high capacity and high precision - Google Patents
High temperature thermostatic bath of high capacity and high precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN102350385B CN102350385B CN201110182085.6A CN201110182085A CN102350385B CN 102350385 B CN102350385 B CN 102350385B CN 201110182085 A CN201110182085 A CN 201110182085A CN 102350385 B CN102350385 B CN 102350385B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high temperature thermostatic bath of high capacity and high precision. The thermostatic bath comprises three parts: a thermostatic bath main body, a temperature control system and a temperature measuring system. The thermostatic bath main body mainly comprises an insulation material, 6 heating plates and a thermostatic medium. The temperature measuring system consists of a first precision platinum resistance thermometer, a temperature measuring device, a computer and an RS232 interface. The temperature control system includes a second precision platinum resistance thermometer and a temperature control unit. The outside wall of the thermostatic bath main body is provided with the insulation material, and the inside of the thermostatic bath main body is provided with the thermostatic medium, where the first precision platinum resistance thermometer and the second precision platinum resistance thermometer are both inserted. The first precision platinum resistance thermometer is connected to the temperature measuring device, which is in connection with the computer through the RS 232 interface. The second precision platinum resistance thermometer is connected to the temperature control unit that is in connection with the heating plates simultaneously. The high temperature thermostatic bath of the invention is completely ahead of high temperature thermostatic baths developed at home and abroad, and solves a major problem in high temperature fluid thermophysical property experiments, as well as overcomes the temperature scope restriction to the thermostatic medium in previous thermostatic baths.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to fluid thermophysical property research field, particularly high temperature high precision fluid thermal physical property research.Large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high is exactly that the experimental facilities of constant hot environment is provided for the research of fluid thermal physical property.
Background technology:
Thermostat refers to that temperature can regulate and the constant experimental facilities at a certain design temperature of energy.Various thermostats are widely used in the desirable thermostatic equipments such as field ，Shi institution of higher learning, research institute and quality testing department such as bioengineering, fine chemistry industry, medicine food, metallurgy, oil, agricultural.Research is herein applicable to the thermostat of the experiment measuring of fluid thermophysical property.
Because the temperature range of constant temperature is different, thermostat can be divided into standard constant temperature bath (being generally-100 ℃～300 ℃), temperature thermostatic bath of high (more than 300 ℃), and the temperature thermostatic bath of high temperature range of developing is herein 200 ℃～500 ℃.Thermostat can be classified according to thermostat interior media difference again, and for example, thermostatic medium water in 0 ℃～100 ℃, is commonly referred to tank, and because 100 ℃ of above thermostatic mediums can not water and with oily, be conventionally called again oil groove.Thermostat be all generally by resistance wire heat, compressor cooling, being furnished with temperature-controlling system, to control thermostat constant in a target temperature, thereby reach the temperature requirement of experiment.
In order to meet the needs of scientific research and engineering, the temperature and pressure scope of fluid thermophysical property research is in continuous expansion.The expansion of pressure will be easy to many, current research compared with temperature expansion and be easy to obtain the hot physical data under high pressure.The expansion of temperature can be carried out to low temperature and high temperature both direction, and low temperature can obtain by the method for refrigeration, and high temperature can obtain by the method for heating.
By electrical heating, be easy to realize high temperature, but the selection stable and thermostatic medium of temperature under high temperature is to realize a pyrometric crucial difficult problem.Measure the thermophysical property of fluid under high temperature, the various parts for experimental provision and in installing, the sealing of device, measuring cell, measure traverse line etc. are all had higher requirement.Just because of these reasons, make the fluid thermophysical property data under current high temperature very rare.
The development of temperature thermostatic bath of high has two key issues: the one, and the thermostatic medium of temperature thermostatic bath of high, the 2nd, the control system of temperature and control mode.
At present, the temperature upper limit of the thermostat of development mainly remains on below 550K both at home and abroad, and this is mainly the restriction that is subject to thermostatic medium, because conventional temperature thermostatic bath of high medium is methyl-silicone oil, on the highest constant temperature, is limited to 573K(300 ℃).Perseverance when some gas also can be used as high temperature is asked medium, but it is larger to stablize waveform, can not meet the stability requirement of fluid thermophysical property measurement.Heat conduction dissolved salt has good thermodynamic behaviour and stability, and it can be for the thermostatic medium of the temperature range thermostat of 200 ℃～550 ℃, but when temperature is higher, it can produce thermal decomposition slowly, finally causes stability and the uniformity decreases in temperature field.In addition, it has very strong hygroscopicity, must be placed on dry place and prevent that deliquescence is in thermophysical property measurement, and thermostatic medium should have good physicochemical property and thermodynamic behaviour, to a temperature field desirable, stability and temperature range can be provided.To can be used as the candidate material of high temperature constant temperature medium, analyze relatively, thermostatic medium more likely is salting liquid at present, but salting liquid is when temperature is higher, can produce lentamente thermal decomposition, finally causes stability and the uniformity decreases in temperature field.In addition, it has very strong hygroscopicity, must be placed on dry place and prevent deliquescence.Salting liquid has a variety of materials, must analyze relatively it, filter out the thermostatic medium of temperature thermostatic bath of high, during screening, should consider the parameter such as specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusion coefficient, viscosity, the coefficient of cubical expansion, flash-point, volatility, scorch time, freezing point of medium, these parameters have often determined the available temperature range of medium and the stability in the temperature field that can form, on this basis, also should consider security, toxicity and the economy of medium.If can be for selecting without pure matter medium, then consider blending agent or add a small amount of additive as thermostatic medium, finally obtain can be used for the thermostatic medium of the thermostat of 200～500 ℃ of temperature ranges.At the medium of temperature thermostatic bath of high, select there has been very large breakthrough herein.
The temperature control system of thermostat and control mode are directly connected to the stability of the final temperature of thermostat, high-precision thermostat is just more high to the requirement of temperature control system, and that temperature control system has is non-linear, time delay is large, disturb more, dynamically and the feature such as changes in distribution, these often make temperature control system become the key issue of high-precision thermostat bath in developing.In numerous temperature control modes, PID temperature control, fuzzy control, fuzzy control are combined with PID and the application of genetic algorithm in temperature is controlled is current topmost several temperature control modes.These control modes respectively have pluses and minuses, in the development process of thermostat, should mainly according to the particular problems such as cost of the residing experimental situation of temperature fluctuation standard, thermostat of thermostat and development thermostat, consider choosing of temperature control mode.Wherein, PID temperature control is widely used, the advantages such as simple in structure, stable, reliable, easy adjustment that PID temperature control has possessed, cheapness.But previous PID controls and has a lot of problems, and wherein main problem is over control, also have the temperature control system as temperature thermostatic bath of high, the pid parameter of temperature thermostatic bath of high is adjusted very difficult, definite the acquiring a certain degree of difficulty of parameter of thermostat.Select artificial intelligence thermoregulator herein, it mainly adopts PID to control the algorithm combining with parameter self-tuning, has well solved some problems of previous PID temperature control, has reached good effect.
Due to the particularity of study on thermal property, business-like product thermostat can not meet requirement of experiment, therefore must be according to concrete requirement of experiment and condition self manufacture or customized thermostat, and this makes the research of temperature thermostatic bath of high not have the standard of systematic unity.Control system and the control mode of the thermostat temperature that China produces are not now very advanced, make temperature controlled precision relatively not high.Below enumerate some and produce the technical parameter of thermostat both at home and abroad.
The technical parameter of more domestic and international thermostats
The thermostat precision of domestic production is not high, seriously hindered the carrying out of fluid thermophysical property experiment, and the thermostat of Fluke company development abroad, although for example 6022 types and 6024 type thermostat performances are fine, temperature range is limited, all below 300 ℃, can not meet the requirement of high temperature fluid thermal property experiment to temperature, and 6045 types and 6050 type thermostats are functional, but their swept volumes are smaller, can not meet fluid thermophysical property requirement of experiment.So must develop the high-precision temperature thermostatic bath of high of a kind of large capacity, meet the requirement of fluid thermophysical property experiment.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, develop a kind ofly in 200 ℃～500 ℃ temperature ranges, temperature fluctuation is ± the large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high of 10mK/15min.And then the temperature range of expansion institute fluid measured, for the physical data improving and enrich high temperature fluid contributes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high, comprises thermostat main body, insulation material, the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer, the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer, temperature control unit, temperature measuring device, computer and RS232 interface; Described thermostat main body outer wall arranges insulation material; In described thermostat main body, be provided with thermostatic medium, the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer and the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer all insert in the thermostatic medium of thermostat body interior; On the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer, be connected with temperature measuring device, temperature measuring device is connected with computer by RS232 interface, the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer is connected with temperature control unit; The floor of described thermostat main body and four face sides are welded into an integral body, and top board is cover plate, has the hole that two diameters are respectively Φ 22mm and Φ 16mm on cover plate; Described thermostat main body is 390mm * 390mm * 490mm cuboid, and cell body is made by the thick aluminium sheet of 20mm; Adopt the mode of six homogeneous heatings.
Thermostatic medium in described thermostat main body is air.
Described temperature control unit is connected with thermostat main body.
Described computer is connected with temperature measuring device by RS232 interface, and temperature measuring device passes through accurate platinum resistance thermometer thermometric, and temperature measurement data is transferred to computer.
Described thermostat main body top offers two holes, and the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer and the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer insert thermostat body interior by hole.
Described thermostat main body at the hot operation of 200～500 ℃, swept volume is 350 * 350 * 450mm
3, temperature fluctuation is ± 10mK/15min.
Described insulation material is coated with polishing stainless steel plate.
Described insulation material is light fibre.
By analyzing relatively can be used as the candidate material of high temperature constant temperature medium, consider the unfavorable factor of melting the conventional thermostatic mediums such as salt, alcohol, water, silicone oil, the final air that courageously adopts, as thermostatic medium, has overcome the restriction of previous thermostat thermostatic medium to temperature range.According to the requirement of thermal property experiment device, constant temperature cell body is designed to 390 * 390 * 490mm
3(length * wide * height) cuboid, cell body is made by the thick aluminium sheet of 20mm, and inner effectively swept volume is 350 * 350 * 450mm
3.Layout and the cell body intensity of considering its heater, cell body is made by the thick aluminium sheet of 20mm.Thermostat inside is comprised of six blocks of aluminium sheets, and cell body is except top cover, and all the other heating plates weld together by argon arc welding, and then have guaranteed the air-tightness of cell body, has guaranteed that temperature thermostatic bath of high thermostatic medium can have more more options leeway.Floor and four face sides are welded into an integral body, and top board is cover plate, has the hole that two diameters are respectively Φ 22mm and Φ 16mm on plate, are convenient for measuring the use of lead-in wire and pipeline, and lamina tecti is movable, guarantee the operability of fluid thermophysical property experiment.In order to make the air dielectric of the inside of thermostat reach desirable temperature stabilization effect, this carries out particular design to thermostat structure and mode of heating.For 350 * 350 * 450mm
3large swept volume, can not be used conventional concentrated mode of heating, and heater must dispersed layout.The high temperature of 500 ℃ of cell body inside is to having manufactured difficulty adding of agitator, thus adopt the mode of six heating not only need not consider the problem of agitator, and fundamentally strengthened even temperature, from mode of heating, just improved temperature homogeneity.Under the resistance room temperature of heater unit are, be about 420 Ω/m2, the maximum allowed current of heater is 4A.Heater resistance on six blocks of plates is connected mutually, and during by same current, the caloric value in unit are is also identical.Except top cover, all the other heating plates are welded together, and due to the good thermal conductivity of aluminium, aluminium sheet also can play the effect of soaking.Top cover is removable, guarantees its experiment operability.The design that insulation material finally adopts alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton and crystalline silicon fiber to combine.Soft alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton material for cell body surrounding and bottom surface, top cover is solid crystals silica fibre insulation material, the thick 20mm of surrounding solid crystals silica fibre insulation material, the thick 155mm of soft alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton, has obtained good heat insulation effect.
The present invention selects artificial intelligence thermostat unit.This thermostat unit adopts PID to control the algorithm combining with parameter self-tuning, has avoided overshoot.From adjusting, be the switch control mode realization by Modulating Power and return difference, it can calculate and select suitable pid parameter according to the actual conditions of the variations in temperature in three cycles, and silicon controlled module is control effectively.Thermometric is joined accurate platinum resistance thermometer.Controllable silicon touches the heater current of method phase shifting control thermostat, realizes the accurate control of temperature.Finally invented in 200～500 ℃ of temperature ranges, temperature fluctuation is ± 10mK/15min, and temperature uniformity is 34mK, and volume is 350 * 350 * 450mm
3large capacity temperature thermostatic bath of high.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect: the present invention adopts bold employing air as thermostatic medium, has overcome the restriction of previous thermostat thermostatic medium to temperature range, has widened the temperature upper limit of whole temperature thermostatic bath of high.Designed 350 * 350 * 450mm
3large swept volume, can better meet fluid thermal physical property experiment requirement under high temperature.Adopt six whole mode of heatings, strengthened the temperature homogeneity in temperature thermostatic bath of high cell body.The design that insulation material adopts alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton and crystalline silicon fiber to combine, has reached good effect.Select artificial intelligence thermostat unit, adopted PID to control the control algolithm combining with parameter self-tuning, avoided overshoot.Adopt accurate platinum resistance thermometer thermometric, controllable silicon triggers phase shift temperature and controls, it from adjusting, is the switch control mode realization by Modulating Power and return difference, they can be according to the actual conditions of the variations in temperature in three cycles, calculate and select suitable pid parameter, silicon controlled module is control effectively, avoided the impact of heating rate on thermostat temperature fluctuation completely, and having when zero load and can both work.Finally, this invention is under the high temperature of 200～500 ℃, and swept volume is 350 * 350 * 450mm
3, temperature fluctuation is ± 10mK/15min, leads over the temperature thermostatic bath of high of development both domestic and external completely, solved the significant problem in a high temperature fluid thermal property experiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the system composition diagram of temperature thermostatic bath of high of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the trough body structure schematic diagram of thermostat of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the whole assembly structure figure of thermostat of the present invention;
Fig. 4 (a) is the structural representation of side plate heater;
Fig. 4 (b) is the structural representation of base plate heating unit;
Fig. 4 (c) is the structural representation of side plate heater;
Wherein: 1 is thermostat main body; 2 is insulation material; 3 is accurate platinum resistance thermometer; 4 is temperature control unit; 5 is temperature measuring device; 6 is computer; 7 is RS232 interface; 8 is thermostatic medium; 9 is polishing stainless steel plate; 10 is aluminium heating plate.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Referring to Fig. 1,1 is thermostat main body, and 2 is insulation material, and 3 is accurate platinum resistance thermometer, and 4 is temperature control unit, and 5 is temperature measuring device, 6 computers, and 7 is RS232 interface, 8 is thermostatic medium.This new type high temperature thermostat adopts the mode of six homogeneous heatings to reach the uniform object of temperature.By temperature control system by target temperature input temp control cabinet, temperature control system together with time control six heating plates thermostatic medium in thermostat heated, in thermostat, temperature is measured by high-precision platinum resistor thermometer, measurement feedback is arrived to temperature control system, temperature control system can be adjusted heating signal according to feedback signal, and then reaches the effect of temperature control.By platinum resistance thermometer and temperature measuring device, the variations in temperature data in thermostat are imported in computer, then it is analyzed, finally can calculate fluctuation degree and the uniformity of this high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3,6 heating plates in Fig. 4 have formed the cell body of thermostat, and capacity is 350 * 350 * 450mm
3.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 (a) is the structural representation of side plate heater, and Fig. 4 (b) is the structural representation of base plate heating unit, and Fig. 4 (c) is the structural representation of side plate heater, and wherein heater strip is uniformly distributed, and strengthens temperature homogeneity in cell body.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention; can not assert that the specific embodiment of the present invention only limits to this; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the present invention and determine scope of patent protection by submitted to claims.
Claims (8)
1. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high, is characterized in that: comprise thermostat main body, insulation material, the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer, the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer, temperature control unit, temperature measuring device, computer and RS232 interface; Described thermostat main body outer wall arranges insulation material; In described thermostat main body, be provided with thermostatic medium, the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer and the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer all insert in the thermostatic medium of thermostat body interior; On the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer, be connected with temperature measuring device, temperature measuring device is connected with computer by RS232 interface, the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer is connected with temperature control unit; The floor of described thermostat main body and four face sides are welded into an integral body, and top board is cover plate, has the hole that two diameters are respectively Φ 22mm and Φ 16mm on cover plate; Described thermostat main body is 390mm * 390mm * 490mm cuboid, and cell body is made by the thick aluminium sheet of 20mm; Adopt the mode of six homogeneous heatings.
2. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the thermostatic medium in described thermostat main body is air.
3. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described temperature control unit is connected with thermostat main body.
4. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described computer is connected with temperature measuring device by RS232 interface, and temperature measuring device passes through accurate platinum resistance thermometer thermometric, and temperature measurement data is transferred to computer.
5. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described thermostat main body top offers two holes, and the first accurate platinum resistance thermometer and the second accurate platinum resistance thermometer insert thermostat body interior by hole.
6. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described thermostat main body at the hot operation of 200～500 ℃, swept volume is 350 * 350 * 450mm
3, temperature fluctuation is ± 10mK/15min.
7. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described insulation material is coated with polishing stainless steel plate.
8. large capacity high accuracy temperature thermostatic bath of high as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described insulation material is light fibre.
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| CN201110182085.6A CN102350385B (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2011-06-30 | High temperature thermostatic bath of high capacity and high precision |
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| CN102350385B true CN102350385B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| CN110375897A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-25 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | A kind of load cell and its constant temperature keep system |
| CN111307492B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2023-08-29 | 济南长峰致远仪表科技有限公司 | System and method for judging multiple faults of constant temperature tank through temperature sensor combination |
| CN115855749B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-05-12 | 深圳市艾润克润滑科技有限公司 | Viscosity tester for lubricating oil production |
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| CN101354294B (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-10-20 | 王长勋 | Cylinder-shaped air medium high temperature constant temperature bath |
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