CN102347625B - Series connection monitoring Battery formation method of testing and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Series connection monitoring Battery formation method of testing and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to series connection monitoring Battery formation method of testing and equipment thereof, be a kind of Battery formation and the method for test and equipment thereof, it is adaptable to the chemical conversion of all kinds of secondary cells and test.It is characterized in: (or test) to be changed battery strings is linked togather and carries out being melted into (or test) by it, cell connects voltage monitoring control and equalization charging circuit, each monomer battery voltage can be monitored, prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge, and cell is carried out equalizaing charge.Compared with existing technology, having production efficiency high, floor space is little, energy-conservation, and the scope of application is the most unrestricted, the reliable advantage that saves time easy and simple to handle.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to series connection monitoring Battery formation method of testing and equipment thereof, be a kind of Battery formation and the method for test and equipment thereof, it is adaptable to the chemical conversion of all kinds of secondary cells and test.
(2) background technology
Battery is the device that chemical energy is changed into electric energy, and secondary cell i.e. rechargeable battery is also accumulator, is to carry out repeatedly the battery that charging and discharging uses, and conventional has lead-acid accumulator, Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery, ultracapacitor etc..These batteries are in process of production, typically will be melted into and test, chemical conversion is exactly after secondary cell (hereinafter referred to as battery) is completed, charge the battery, by battery activated process, test typically refers to charge and discharge battery after Battery formation completes, to check whether the capacity of battery, charge-discharge performance etc. reach requirement.
Existing Battery formation or test, according to the difference of battery variety, method has a variety of, and equipment is the most different.nullAccording to the number of batteries being once melted into or testing，Two classes can be classified as: a class is once to be melted into (or test) cell，Relevant device is cell chemical conversion (or test) machine，Chemical conversion such as lithium ion battery，The cycle life test etc. of general accumulator，Multiplex this kind of method and apparatus，Its circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 1，It generally comprises charger C、Discharger R (typically uses variable resistance)，The ammeter A that charger C carries、Voltmeter V (the two is the most digital)，Internal signal wire cl，Signal adapter IC，External signal line CL，Computer 1，Display 2，Keyboard 3，Mouse 4，Cell B，Complete machine (in dotted line frame) passes through internal signal wire cl、Signal adapter IC、External signal line CL is connected with computer 1 (for ease of figure observation，Connection between internal signal wire cl and signal adapter IC is omitted and is not drawn，As follows)，Communication is realized with complete machine with this computer 1，Programming Control complete machine runs，Obtain the electric current of circuit、Voltage signal，Draw the charging and discharging curve of cell B，Calculate its charge/discharge capacity，One machine once can only be melted into (or test) cell B，But the such machine of multiple stage can be had to be controlled by same computer 1；Another kind of is once to be melted into the set of cells that (or test) many cells are composed in series, relevant device is (series connection) many Battery formation (or test) machine, chemical conversion such as lead-acid accumulator, the high-current test etc. of general battery, multiplex this kind of method and apparatus, its circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 2, it is that the voltage that its charger C produces is higher with Fig. 1 difference, once can be melted into set of cells B1---Bn that (or test) n cell is composed in series, additionally, owing to the voltage of series battery is higher, during electric discharge electric energy be easy to inversion be can power supply network receive alternating current feed back to electrical network, the most at this time discharger is possible not only to variable resistance, inverter can also be used, represent to show difference with R*.
Its deficiency existed is: cell chemical conversion (or test) method and equipment thereof, owing to (or test) cell once can only be melted into, production efficiency is the lowest, production needs use very multiple devices, cost is high and floor space is big, monomer battery voltage is the lowest, during electric discharge electric energy be difficult to inversion be can power supply network receive alternating current feed back to electrical network；And existing many Battery formation (or test) method and equipment thereof, typically cell is lacked effective supervisory circuit to control, easily cause cell overcharge or overdischarge, thus use inconvenience, be typically only applicable to overcharging resisting electricity battery, such as lead-acid accumulator, for being weak to the accumulator of overcharge, then apply the most restricted, unless each monomer battery voltage of manual measurement, find higher or on the low side i.e. to disconnect, operate pretty troublesome, time-consuming and unreliable.
(3) summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: improve above-mentioned deficiency, invention one once can be melted into (or test) many cells, production efficiency is high, use number of devices is few, low cost, floor space are little, during electric discharge electric energy be easy to inversion be can power supply network receive alternating current feed back to electrical network, cell is had effective monitoring and prevents its overcharge or overdischarge, easy to use, the scope of application is the most unrestricted, Battery formation (or test) method and apparatus of series connection monitoring reliably that saves time easy and simple to handle.
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
Series connection monitoring Battery formation (or test) method, it it is the method for a kind of Battery formation (or test), including battery, Battery formation (or test) machine etc., it is characterized in that: (or test) to be changed battery strings is linked togather and carries out being melted into (or test) by it, cell connects voltage monitoring control and equalization charging circuit, each monomer battery voltage can be monitored, prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge, and cell is carried out equalizaing charge.
Owing to taking above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention, compared with existing technology, has and once can be melted into (or test) many cells, and production efficiency is high, use number of devices is few, low cost, floor space is little, and during electric discharge, electric energy is easy to inversion is can to feed back to electrical network thus energy-conservation by the alternating current that receives of power supply network, cell is had effective monitoring and prevents its overcharge or overdischarge, easy to use, the scope of application is the most unrestricted, the reliable advantage that saves time easy and simple to handle.
(4) accompanying drawing explanation
Below against accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 circuit diagram,
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 circuit diagram,
Fig. 5 is the electric crossover board structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention uses.
(5) detailed description of the invention
nullAs shown in Figure 3，The present invention is as the method for a kind of Battery formation (or test)，It includes (or test) to be changed battery B1、B2、B3、……Bn，By main charger C、Battery formation (or test) machine of the composition such as discharger R* is (in dotted line frame，The ammeter A wherein carried containing charger、Voltmeter V，Internal signal wire cl，Signal adapter IC etc.)，External signal line CL，Control computer 1、Display 2、Keyboard 3、Mouse 4 etc.，It is similar to Fig. 2，Complete machine passes through internal signal wire cl、Signal adapter IC、External signal line CL is connected with controlling computer 1，Control computer 1 with this and realize communication with complete machine，Programming Control complete machine runs，Obtain the electric current of circuit、Voltage signal，Draw the charging and discharging curve of cell，Calculate its charge/discharge capacity，Its different characteristics is: it is by (or test) to be changed battery B1、B2、B3、... Bn is cascaded and carries out being melted into (or test)，Cell connects voltage monitoring control circuit，Each monomer battery voltage can be monitored，Prevent its overcharge and overdischarge，This circuit typically uses integrated circuit to assemble module，But in order to the principle of the invention is described intuitively，This place uses the digital voltmeter V1 of the band signal line cl of simulation、V2、V3、... Vn represents (same afterwards)，Each monomer battery voltage can be monitored，By voltage signal by holding wire cl、Signal adapter IC、External signal line CL is sent to control computer 1，Control computer 1 and monitor complete machine operation in real time according to the program being previously set，Once there is too high or too low (exceeding setting) in certain monomer battery voltage，I.e. main charger C is made and reduce charging current or discharger R* is made the corresponding adjustment stopping electric discharge，Control monomer battery voltage the most too high or too low，Prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge；The most each cell is also associated with equalization charging circuit, cell can be carried out equalizaing charge, this place uses balance charger C1, C2, C3, ... Cn, here balance charger, being actually some can the small-sized charger of charging independent to cell, its voltage is relatively low, can typically be only used to cell is charged, its charging current is smaller, it is generally less than the charging current of main charger C, its effect is: after whole series battery B1---Bn charging is basically completed by main charger C, carry out each cell supplementing electricity, to ensure that each cell can be fully charged, i.e. cell is carried out equalizaing charge, to meet the requirement of Battery formation (or test).For meeting the different equalizaing charge requirements of variety classes battery, balance charger also should be the same with main charger, accomplishes that charging voltage, current adjustment, controlled computer program control.
Compared to Fig. 2, invention increases the monitoring and control (including equilibrium) of every cell to series connection, therefore referred to as series connection monitors Battery formation (or test) method, this equipment is referred to as series connection monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine, as a kind of Battery formation (or test) machine, including (or test) to be changed series battery B1---Bn, it mainly contains following feature: it comprises main charger C, inverter R*, monomer battery voltage observation circuit V1, V2, V3 ... Vn, balance charger C1, C2, C3 ... Cn, control computer 1 etc., main charger C, inverter R* is with to be changed
null(or test) series battery B1---Bn connects，Series battery B1---Bn can be charged by main charger C，Inverter R* can make series battery electric discharge the unidirectional current released be changed into can the alternating current that receives of power supply network，Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Balance charger is connected with each cell，The former can monitor each monomer battery voltage，The latter can carry out equalizaing charge to each cell，Control computer 1 and main charger C、Inverter R*、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Holding wire is had to connect between balance charger，Can run with programming Control complete machine and (include controlling monomer battery voltage the most too high or too low，Prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge)，Obtain the voltage signal of each cell of monomer battery voltage monitoring circuit monitors (by digital voltmeter V1、V2、V3 ... Vn records and uploads through holding wire)、Main charger and current signal (the digital current Table A respectively carried by it of balance charger、A1、A2、A3 ... An records and uploads through holding wire)、Circuit discharging current signal (recorded by digital current Table A and uploaded through holding wire) etc.，Draw the charging and discharging curve of each cell，Calculate the charge/discharge capacity of each cell.(certainly, for guaranteed capacity certainty of measurement, should ensure that ammeter A, A1, A2, A3 ... An has corresponding precision)
Monomer battery voltage Monitoring and Controlling can be provided separately with equalization charging circuit, setting can also be merged, because, generally charger is all from voltmeter and ammeter, therefore, when the equalization charging circuit of the present invention uses balance charger C1, C2, C3 ... Cn when, the voltmeter that balance charger carries can be utilized to monitor each monomer battery voltage, and implement Control of Voltage by its holding wire with controlling computer 1 communication, at this time the monomer battery voltage Monitoring and Controlling of the present invention and equalization charging circuit all use balance charger.The when of doing so, should be noted a bit, it is simply that the voltage measurement line of balance charger to be provided separately with its charging wire and to be connected to battery two ends, because of charging wire charging current to be carried, wired pressure drop, also functioning as voltage measurement line with it can affect the accuracy of voltage measurement.
During work, first main charger C starts to series battery B1---Bn charging, the each monomer battery voltage of monomer battery voltage monitoring circuit monitors, when certain monomer battery voltage reach set charging voltage higher limit data upload control computer 1 after, control computer 1 and send control signal, main charger C transfers constant-voltage charge to, balance charger C1 simultaneously, C2, C3 ... Cn starts, the cell giving not up to charging voltage higher limit carries out equalizaing charge and (but maintains the electric current sum initiation of charge electric current equal to main charger of main charger and balance charger, to maintain these cells still in constant-current charge state), treat that monomer battery voltage reaches charging voltage higher limit, corresponding balance charger also transfers constant-voltage charge to.First time equalizaing charge during Battery formation; generally the charge cutoff electric current of balance charger is set to battery constant-voltage charge cut-off current; and the charge cutoff electric current of main charger is arranged slightly higher; during charging, general main charger proceeds to constant-voltage charge pattern after current decline and can first arrive its charge cutoff current shutdown, and then balance charger continues to charge to the shutdown of battery constant-voltage charge cut-off current.Shelve by the time of regulation afterwards, discharged by inverter R* again, the unidirectional current that during electric discharge, series battery is released through inverter R* be converted to can the alternating current that receives of power supply network, (be tuned after) feeds back to electrical network (or for power inside device).Control computer 1 and carry out the setting of charge-discharge procedures, control, obtain each monomer battery voltage signal of monomer battery voltage monitoring circuit monitors (by digital voltmeter V1, V2, V3 ... Vn records and uploads through holding wire), charging current signal (the digital current Table A respectively carried by it of main charger and balance charger, A1, A2, A3 ... An records and uploads through holding wire), circuit discharging current signal (recorded by digital current Table A and uploaded through holding wire) etc., draw the charging and discharging curve of each cell, and calculate the charge/discharge capacity (noting: cell charging current=main charger charging current+balance charger charging current) of each cell.
Equalizaing charge comes from the difference of battery capacity.For reducing the equalizaing charge time, the battery of same capacity specifications should be used to be composed in series one group, so in group, battery capacity difference is by smaller, and the equalizaing charge time is the shortest.The equalizaing charge time is also relevant with battery status; same series battery; carrying out for the first time after equalizaing charge completes; whole group is discharged together and recharges; belong to the same of balancing battery and put with filling; whole Battery pack should be still in basis equalization state; now balance charger should turn after constant-voltage charge is shut down to battery constant-voltage charge cut-off current at main charger and restarts (and just should not start when main charger turns constant-voltage charge as the first time equalizaing charge above), equalizaing charge electric current should the least, the time should be the shortest.
Based on above-mentioned principle, the when of charging the battery after Battery formation and test complete or discharge in case storing, transporting, advocate and use following method: for the battery of same capacity specifications, control residual capacity (the most uncharged capacity) numerical value equal, here it is the covolume storage conveying methods such as so-called battery.This method is critically important in battery is paid, it may ensure that the battery of same capacity specifications is when paying user and using, is in basis equalization state, and series connection can be simultaneously filled with electricity when using in groups, is beneficial to battery and uses.nullThe application present invention can implement it easily in battery production: when the last charge-discharge test of series battery，Record discharge capacity，Such as 301.29 ampere-hours，Then carry out recharging (i.e. supplementing electricity) by the method controlling residual capacity (the most uncharged capacity) numerical value equal (such as 180.00 ampere-hours)，I.e. need to recharge into 121.29 ampere-hours (remaining 180.00 ampere-hours)，If discharge capacity is 298.63 ampere-hours during the last charge-discharge test of next Battery pack of same specification，Then need to recharge into 118.63 ampere-hours (remaining 180.00 ampere-hours)，The rest may be inferred，(special situation: be i.e. residual capacity=0 by fully charged for all batteries storage and transport that these can set in computer program，But uncharged capacity is there is not because of it，Therefore not as the scope involved by this method).Certainly, it is it is also possible that implement: all batteries are first filled with electricity storage a period of time, such as two weeks, check that battery has without exception during this period, being chosen by exception battery, normal battery is cascaded and releases equal electricity (considering for transportation safety) by (before transport) again.It is different from prior art, prior art is usually and is charged (store as general provision battery charges and transport after 40% capacity) in identical capacity ratio, it can cause the battery of same specification, and when series connection uses in groups, state is unbalanced, can not be simultaneously filled with electricity, some battery overcharges and some battery underfills are electric, this to battery use unfavorable.
nullThe battery of same specification，Difference because of production process，Its capacity slightly difference can be caused，With this battery strings be linked togather fully charged after discharge time，Arrive electricity be 0 time also can be variant，So can cause puzzlement to discharge capacity test，Can be solved by the following setting to discharge procedures: discharge procedures two values of lower limit set to cell discharge voltage，One voltage lower limit value being to calculate capacity，One voltage lower limit value being to protect cell safety，The former is higher than the latter，First arrive the voltage lower limit value calculating capacity such as a certain cell during electric discharge，Discharge process proceeds，If middle all cells all arrive the voltage lower limit value calculating capacity and the voltage lower limit value not having cell to arrive protection cell safety，Then discharge process terminates，Computer arrives the discharge capacity of each cell of Time Calculation of the voltage lower limit value calculating capacity with each cell；nullAnd if centre has cell not arrive the voltage lower limit value of calculating capacity and have cell and arrive the voltage lower limit value of protection cell safety，Then discharge process also terminates，Computer arrives the discharge capacity of each cell of Time Calculation of the voltage lower limit value calculating capacity with each cell，For not yet arriving the cell (generally because its capacity is much larger compared with other cell) of the voltage lower limit value calculating capacity，The empirical equation then recorded with pretest according to its ending discharge voltage etc. calculates its residual capacity，Or just using the cell of the voltage lower limit value calculating capacity that arrives last in this group as reference，On the basis of its same electrical voltage point residual capacity of arrival accounts for total capacity percentage ratio，Calculate this battery remaining power in proportion，Plus discharge capacity (discharge current * discharge time)，As its discharge capacity，Or provide suggestion，This cell is individually supplemented electric discharge (the most necessary to measure its actual discharge capacity，Because the volume test of production process is the strictest test of condition、Only there is reference significance，And it is little to use above method to calculate battery capacity generally speaking error、Precision is the highest，Battery capacity is bigger than normal favourable to client again，This is enough，And the most precisely value is not critically important in fact).(discharge curve also can according to said method be drawn.Electric discharge i.e. supplements electricity in time, to prevent overdischarge from adversely affecting battery after terminating to series battery.)
Battery strings is linked togather and is melted into (or test) above, its discharge voltage can be raised, it is simple to the unidirectional current that during electric discharge, inverter is released is converted to feed back to electrical network by the alternating current that receives of power supply network, it is achieved energy feedback, the most energy-conservation.But, problematic, first, inversion electrical waveform, phase place need to meet the requirements, i.e. needing to carry out so-called " tuning ", secondly, electric energy feedback also needs to obtain the license of power department, therefore a pretty troublesome thing it is actually, it addition, good inverter price is the most costly, inverter also has energy loss, etc. ... in sum, said method is it is still necessary to improve further.
To this end, propose positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation (or test) method further below:
Positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation (or test) method, it it is the method for a kind of Battery formation (or test), including battery, Battery formation (or test) machine etc., it is characterized in that: battery to be charged and reverse battery to be discharged are cascaded and carry out being melted into (or test) by it, cell connects voltage monitoring control circuit, each monomer battery voltage can be monitored, prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge, battery to be charged is also associated with equalization charging circuit, it can be carried out equalizaing charge.
Fig. 4 is its circuit diagram, compared with Fig. 3, it mainly adds battery B1 ' to be discharged exactly in battery series circuit, B2 ', B3 ', ... Bn ', certainly also has its electric voltage observation circuit, this place (simulation) uses the digital voltmeter V1 ' of band signal line, V2 ', V3 ', ... Vn ', battery B1 ' to be discharged, B2 ', B3 ', ... Bn ' and battery B1 to be charged, B2, B3, ... Bn differential concatenation carries out being melted into (or test) together, battery discharge to be discharged will be made while treating rechargeable battery charging, so effectively reduce charging voltage, be equivalent to be directly used in the unidirectional current that battery to be discharged is released fill to battery to be charged, avoid energy dissipation, thus realize more efficiently energy-conservation.
nullNatural，The equipment realizing the method is referred to as positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine，It is a kind of Battery formation (or test) machine，Including (or test) to be changed series battery，It is divided into set of cells B1---Bn to be charged and set of cells B1 to be discharged '---Bn '，Can be seen that from figure，It mainly comprises following features: it comprises main charger C、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit (the digital voltmeter V1 of band signal line、V2、V3、... Vn and V1 '、V2’、V3’、……Vn’)、Balance charger C1、C2、C3、……Cn、Control computer 1 etc.，Set of cells B1---Bn to be charged and set of cells B1 to be discharged '---Bn ' differential concatenation，And be connected on main charger C，Main charger C can treat the charging of rechargeable battery set B1---Bn and make set of cells B1 to be discharged '---Bn ' discharges，Monomer battery voltage observation circuit is connected with each cell，Each monomer battery voltage can be monitored，Balance charger C1、C2、C3、... Cn and set of cells to be charged each cell B1、B2、B3、... Bn connects，Rechargeable battery set each cell B1 can be treated、B2、B3、... Bn carries out equalizaing charge，Control computer 1 and main charger C、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Holding wire is had to connect between balance charger，Can run with programming Control complete machine and (include controlling monomer battery voltage the most too high or too low，Prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge)，Obtain the voltage signal of each cell of monomer battery voltage monitoring circuit monitors (by digital voltmeter V1、V2、V3 ... Vn and V1 '、V2’、V3’、... Vn ' records and uploads through holding wire)、Main charger and current signal (the digital current Table A respectively carried by it of balance charger、A1、A2、A3 ... An records and uploads through holding wire)、Circuit discharging current signal (recorded by digital current Table A and uploaded through holding wire) etc.，Draw the charging and discharging curve of each cell，Calculate the charge/discharge capacity (noting: cell charging current=main charger charging current+balance charger charging current) of each cell.It addition, complete machine is also equipped with grammed switch K1, K2, K3, K4, can switch and be individually for set of cells B1---Bn to be charged charging or be individually for set of cells B1 to be discharged '---Bn ' discharges.The effect so arranged is: although set of cells B1---Bn to be charged and set of cells B1 to be discharged '---Bn ' is to be cascaded, the latter's electric discharge while the former charging, but the two may not just " synchronize ", i.e. the former charging complete and the latter has just discharged, in the case of completing when the two " does not synchronizes " i.e. different, it is individually for the former boost charge or supplement for the latter by grammed switch K1, K2, K3, K4 switching and discharges.Switch switch mode is as follows: switchs in the case of machine is idle and is off state all the time, the most only allows most two switches to be closed in the case of work；K1, K4 close and K2, K3 disconnect, and machine makes set of cells B1 to be discharged to set of cells B1---Bn to be charged charging '---Bn ' discharges；K1, K3 close and K2, K4 disconnect, and machine charges individually to set of cells B1---Bn to be charged；K2, K4 close and K1, K3 disconnect, and set of cells B1 to be discharged individually given by machine '---Bn ' discharges, and discharger R* can use variable resistance, it is desirable that still use inverter, although at this time use inverter chance relatively Fig. 3 to lack a lot.Certainly, K1, K2 do not allow to be closed at, and otherwise can cause set of cells B1---Bn to be charged short circuit；Equally, K3, K4 do not allow to be closed at, and otherwise can cause set of cells B1 to be discharged '---Bn ' short circuit；K2, K3 do not allow to be closed at, and otherwise can cause charger C short circuit；For preventing contingency, increase installation insurance F at circuit.
Its general working procedure is as follows: first main charger C starts makes set of cells B1 to be discharged to set of cells B1---Bn to be charged charging '---Bn ' discharges, if middle set of cells monomer battery voltage to be charged reaches the charging voltage higher limit of setting and set of cells to be discharged does not has battery to arrive the voltage lower limit value protecting cell safety, then machine switching is individually for set of cells to be charged charging, charging process controls with above-mentioned series connection monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine (Fig. 3), switching is individually for battery power discharge to be discharged the most again, discharge process controls also with above-mentioned series connection monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine, control computer by the data accumulation of each for front and back's charge and discharge process cell, draw the charging and discharging curve of each cell, calculate the charge/discharge capacity of each cell；If set of cells to be discharged has battery first to arrive the voltage lower limit value of protection cell safety; then machine terminates the electric discharge of discharge battery group; switching is individually for set of cells to be charged and continues charging; charging process controls ibid; control computer and directly draw discharge battery group B1 '---Bn ' each cell discharge curve; calculate the discharge capacity of its each cell; and the charge data of each cell of set of cells to be charged for front and back's charging process is added up; draw the charging curve of each cell of rechargeable battery set B1---Bn, calculate the charging capacity of its each cell.
During application this method, select suitable set of cells to be charged and set of cells to be discharged to carry out " pairing " and i.e. combine differential concatenation, the principle of pairing is usually: two Battery pack specifications and models are identical, cell quantity is equal, and (quantity is not etc. good, but have energy dissipation), chemical conversion (or test) the former charging current of process equal with the discharge current numerical value of the latter (running into the close and unequal situation of both electric currents, should as far as possible be adjusted to equal) to be carried out.
Such as, if certain battery is in process of production, successively will be with I1, I2, tri-kinds of electric currents of I3 charge and discharge, can be performed such that first is first assumed to be n battery strings is linked togather, it is connected to the First machine left side that operating current is I1, it is fully charged, then this n battery is transferred on the right of machine, the left side reconnects the second batch battery treating to charge that n is the most same with I1, only have been filled with, with the right n, the reverse battery that electricity treats that I1 discharges to be cascaded, starting will be to n, the right battery discharge while n, left side battery is charged by machine, on working procedure is shown in；After process completes, being pulled down by this Battery pack of the right and transfer to second machine left side charging that operating current is I2, and left cell is transferred to the right, the left side reconnects treats, with the 3rd batch of battery of I1 charging, to continue above-mentioned working procedure；After process completes, second machine left cell (first) is transferred on the right of it, battery (second batch) on the right of First machine is transferred to second machine left side；Transferring on the right of it by First machine left cell (the 3rd batch), the 4th batch of battery is accessed on the left side again ... the rest may be inferred.
Visible, above method is in use, also exist " circulation " problem of battery, for adapting to this job demand, should arrange different working areas according to the difference of charging and discharging electric current.Such as may be provided so that Battery formation district, volume test district, cranking test district, go back to charging zone, the spatial arrangement mode in region should adapt to " circulation " of battery sequentially.It addition, because battery is " circulate " the most in groups, the record job content such as battery number information repeats, unnecessarily the most again, and the control computer that can arrange different operating district realizes data sharing at same message context.
Use series connection monitoring Battery formation (or test) method, there is also " circulation " problem of battery, only its " circulation " is the most frequent, because it can be done directly with the charging and discharging of the same electric current of a collection of battery on same machine, and the right need not be changed to from the left side, therefore operate relatively easy, required artificial, place is relatively fewer, but its charging voltage is of a relatively high, charger works together, and power consumption is relatively large, inverter Comparision is frequent, must obtain power department license etc..How two kinds of methods are selected, and must consider above-mentioned factor.
When selecting method and machine type it should be noted that a bit: positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine use inverter and the right machine do not use in the case of be changed into series connection monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine.I.e. the former can be changed into the latter, but the latter then can not be changed into the former.Therefore, when machine type selecting, positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine is preferably selected, to strengthen its adaptability.
Cell is cascaded and is melted into or tests, it is difficult to ensure that the most indivedual problematic battery occurs internal short-circuit to generate heat and even melt in chemical conversion or test process, bring disaster to adjacent cells, battery serial or parallel connection or series-parallel connection (existing series connection has again parallel connection) there is also this problem when using in groups, it is therefore proposed that, thermal insulation board is installed between the cell of serial or parallel connection or the set of cells of series-parallel connection, to prevent the generation of this " chain " accident.Thermal insulation board can make of material high temperature resistant, heat insulation, that do not fire, such as thin asbestos board etc..
The widely used what is called " battery management system (BMS) " with functions such as monitoring monomer battery voltage, temperature, operating currents in lithium ion battery series circuit at present, there is voltage monitoring and control function, the voltage monitoring control circuit of the present invention can be used as.
Equalization charging circuit used in the present invention, in addition to using balance charger, can also be by determining switching electronics that voltage connects or circuit, discharge resistance etc. form, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, use switching electronics Zener diode Dn, the discharge resistance Rn determining voltage connection, balance charger Cn can be replaced, other balance charger C1, C2, C3 ... similar replacement can also be carried out.nullAfter replacement, control method changes，But still equalizaing charge function can be realized: main charger C is to series battery charge，Arrive the higher limit of charging voltage to a certain battery after，Main charger C proceeds to constant-voltage charge the most immediately，But proceed constant-current charge，Until after all batteries all arrive the higher limit of charging voltage，Main charger C just proceeds to constant-voltage charge，The higher limit that reverse " puncturing " voltage is cell charging voltage of Zener diode，The middle cell first arriving charging voltage higher limit " will be punctured " Zener diode and be discharged by discharge resistance，A part " surplus " charging current is shunted with this，Thus control this cell and do not want overcharge，The one part of current separated will be recorded and pass to through holding wire control computer 1 by corresponding ammeter，The now discharge current of the charging current of cell=main charger C charging current-corresponding discharge resistance，Charging current to all cells all reaches the lower limit of cell charging current，Main charger C just stops charging，The first time equalizaing charge to each cell is reached with this，After equalizaing charge completes for the first time，Battery basis equalization in operation set of cells below，Main charger can proceed to constant-voltage charge when certain cell one enters charging voltage higher limit.Using the switch electronic circuitry instead Zener diode determining voltage connection is as a same reason.
Different with using balance charger, use determine the switching electronics of voltage connection or circuit, discharge resistance is really discharging to the process realizing equalizaing charge, thus while the method equipment cost may be much lower, but have a small amount of electric energy when using to be bled off in vain by resistance, have certain waste of energy.
Equalizaing charge is not only critically important in above-mentioned cell production process, battery serial or parallel connection or series-parallel connection (existing series connection has again parallel connection) become set of cells when using the most critically important, because all unsuitable overcharge of general battery, overcharge in other words easily causes cell damage, and equalizaing charge both can ensure that the fully charged battery overcharge that is possible to prevent of battery, the most critically important.In above-mentioned cell production process, balance charger can be used to realize it, but when battery serial or parallel connection or series-parallel connection become set of cells to use, balance charger is used to bother very much, and it not the most necessary, because by the covolume such as above-mentioned battery storage conveying method, basis equalization when battery dispatches from the factory, the most preferably connect on monomer whose battery and determine switching electronics that voltage connects or circuit, discharge resistance to realize equalizaing charge.
Battery strings is linked togather and is melted into and tests by the present invention, is not only convenient for energy-conservation, also makes this work become more regular, it is simple to realize the standardization of operation, simplification, improves work efficiency.Such as, following standardization and simplification can be carried out: chemical conversion (or test) when in connection between battery and charger, battery is placed in the template of regulation, module put by the battery constituting regulation, connection between monomer whose battery and cell and voltage monitoring control being connected by between equalization charging circuit and put the patch panel of template matching with battery, patch panel is put with battery and is arranged corresponding guide pillar between template, can guide the correct connection of the two.
Battery placing mould plate structure can be very simple, and it can be exactly when chemical conversion (or test), puts setting-out on table top at battery, it is stipulated that battery put shape, position.Its figure omits temporarily and does not draw.Introduce patch panel below.
As it is shown in figure 5, be the structural representation of this patch panel, it puts template (figure slightly) and mates use with battery.Whole patch panel 5 mainly (is indicated voltage 1 by voltage monitoring adapter 6, voltage 2), equalizaing charge adapter 7 (indicates electric current 1, electric current 2, ... electric current 6), cell connector 10, with cell connector 10 and voltage and current connector 6, the composition such as wire 9 device such as grade that 7 are connected (is observed for ease of figure, the connection of wire is omitted and is not drawn), these devices are arranged on upper and lower two-layer insulated substrate, substrate high-temperature flame-retardant plastic makes, connect with screw 11 between two-layer substrate, wherein have through hole 8, it is used for disposing and observing cell safety valve port, and guide pillar hole 12 (totally four), support the use for putting the guide pillar of template with battery.nullShown in Fig. 5 is a kind of to put the patch panel that template matches with 15*4 battery，Template put by so-called 15*4 battery，When referring to chemical conversion (or test)，By battery by each column 15、The shape of totally 4 row regulations and the template put of position，Module is put with the 15*4 battery that this is constituted regulation，This patch panel being connected by matching with it 5 between connection and cell and voltage monitoring control and equalization charging circuit between monomer whose battery，Connection work can be made greatly simplified: can put with battery at patch panel and corresponding guide pillar is set between template，Correct connection with both guiding，Have only to be directed at the guide pillar hole 12 of patch panel battery during use and put in template corresponding guide column sleeve up，The most each battery electrode column screw 13 is locked on each battery electrode column screw thread，Even if the inside connection that module put by battery completes substantially.When taking turns to machine chemical conversion (or test) on this Battery pack, have only to be connected on Battery formation (or test) machine, by Battery formation (or test) the voltage monitoring adapter of machine, equalizaing charge adapter and the corresponding connectors grafting by number on this patch panel by two terminals around.Pole screw 13 can be contained in the hole of cell connector 10 in advance, and the patch panel the most not used time can lie in special dolly, and the used time just extracts out from dolly and directly loads onto, and connection work so can be made greatly simplified.
By contrast, if using existing method, will packed battery connection strap (totally 61) one by one, packed battery voltage inspecting lines (totally 61), cell equalizaing charge line (totally 61) one by one, work will become the most loaded down with trivial details, cannot imagine, large-scale production cannot be carried out the most at all！
nullPositive anti-series monitoring Battery formation (or test) machine shown in Fig. 4，If its set of cells to be discharged also being connected equalization charging circuit (balance charger C1 ' can be used、C2’、C3’……Cn’，Or replace balance charger with determining the switching electronics of voltage connection or circuit (Dn ') and discharge resistance (Rn ')，And connect the digital electronic ammeter A1 ' of band signal line、A2’、A3’……An’)，And its main charger is arranged electric current export reverse switching circuit (in figure use grammed switch K1 '、K2’、K3’、K4’，Wherein K1 '、K2 ' closes and K3 '、K4 ' disconnects，Electric current outbound course is forward，Otherwise，K1’、K2 ' disconnects and K3 '、K4 ' closes，Electric current outbound course is reverse)，Or use two (C、C ') but the output sense of current is contrary，Just external connection battery can be realized the charge and discharge of positive and negative both direction.Its meaning is: it can use as a kind of novel battery cycle life test machine, doing cycling life test on such machines if battery in pairs ground differential concatenation put, can save and testing electric energy in a large number.
Claims (4)
1. positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation method, it it is a kind of method of Battery formation, including battery, Battery formation machine, it is characterized in that: battery to be charged and reverse battery to be discharged are cascaded and are melted into by it, cell connects voltage monitoring control circuit, can monitor each monomer battery voltage, prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge, battery to be charged is also associated with equalization charging circuit, it can be carried out equalizaing charge.
2. positive anti-series monitoring battery testing method, it it is a kind of method of battery testing, including battery, telephone testing machine, it is characterized in that: battery to be charged and reverse battery to be discharged are cascaded and test by it, cell connects voltage monitoring control circuit, can monitor each monomer battery voltage, prevent cell overcharge and overdischarge, battery to be charged is also associated with equalization charging circuit, it can be carried out equalizaing charge.
null3. series connection monitoring Battery formation or test machine，It is a kind of Battery formation or test machine，Including to be changed or test series battery，It is characterized in that: it comprises main charger、Inverter、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Equalization charging circuit、Control computer、Patch panel (5)，Main charger、Inverter is connected with to be changed or test series battery by patch panel，Main charger can be to series battery charge，Inverter can make series battery electric discharge the unidirectional current released be changed into can the alternating current that receives of power supply network，Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Equalization charging circuit is connected with each cell by patch panel，The former can monitor each monomer battery voltage，The latter can carry out equalizaing charge to each cell，Control computer and main charger、Inverter、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Holding wire is had to connect between equalization charging circuit，Can run with programming Control complete machine，Obtain the voltage signal of each cell of monomer battery voltage monitoring circuit monitors、Main charger and the current signal of equalization charging circuit、Circuit discharging current signal，Draw the charging and discharging curve of each cell，Calculate the charge/discharge capacity of each cell.
null4. positive anti-series monitoring Battery formation or test machine，It is a kind of Battery formation or test machine，Including to be changed or test series battery，It is divided into set of cells to be charged and set of cells to be discharged，It is characterized in that: it comprises main charger、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Equalization charging circuit、Control computer，Set of cells to be charged and set of cells differential concatenation to be discharged，And be connected on main charger，Main charger can be treated rechargeable battery set charging and make battery power discharge to be discharged，Monomer battery voltage observation circuit is connected with each cell，Each monomer battery voltage can be monitored，Equalization charging circuit cell each with set of cells to be charged is connected，The each cell of rechargeable battery set can be treated and carry out equalizaing charge，Control computer and main charger、Monomer battery voltage observation circuit、Holding wire is had to connect between equalization charging circuit，Can run with programming Control complete machine，Obtain the voltage signal of each cell of monomer battery voltage monitoring circuit monitors、Main charger and the current signal of equalization charging circuit、Circuit discharging current signal，Draw the charging and discharging curve of each cell，Calculate the charge/discharge capacity of each cell.
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| CN103165943B (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-05-20 | 杭州固恒能源科技有限公司 | Storage battery formation method, circuit and device |
| CN104569591B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2019-04-26 | 保定钰鑫电气科技有限公司 | A kind of mode of connection of monomer measurement module measurement each monomer internal resistance of battery group |
| CN104655975B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2018-02-16 | 清华大学 | The recognition methods of battery micro-short circuit |
| CN105425165B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-08-14 | 无锡市百川科技股份有限公司 | Lead-acid accumulator is internalized into the test of bus-type charge-discharge machine and aging storage battery simulation system |
| CN107086632B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2023-04-25 | 泉州华威国维电子科技有限公司 | Battery cell |
| CN107656211A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-02 | 武汉中航传感技术有限责任公司 | Batteries monitoring system |
| CN107632269A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-26 | 孙亮 | The online charging-discharge tester system of communication storage battery |
| CN109742816B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-01-19 | 湖南鑫和美新能源科技有限公司 | Parallel charging and discharging equipment for rechargeable battery |
| CN109560583B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南鑫和美新能源科技有限公司 | Chargeable battery series charging and discharging equipment |
| CN111600348A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-28 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军事新能源技术研究所 | Series-parallel connection on-off conversion circuit, series-parallel connection on-off conversion module and series-parallel connection battery pack discharge testing device |
| CN112114267B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-02-01 | 广州擎天实业有限公司 | Method for detecting power-off parameters of multi-string and variable-string-number batteries |
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