CN102341482A - RF heating to reduce the use of supplemental water added in the recovery of unconventional oil - Google Patents
RF heating to reduce the use of supplemental water added in the recovery of unconventional oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102341482A CN102341482A CN2010800101318A CN201080010131A CN102341482A CN 102341482 A CN102341482 A CN 102341482A CN 2010800101318 A CN2010800101318 A CN 2010800101318A CN 201080010131 A CN201080010131 A CN 201080010131A CN 102341482 A CN102341482 A CN 102341482A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/80—Additives
- C10G2300/805—Water
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Abstract
Equipment and a process for separating bitumen from oil sand in a process stream are disclosed. The equipment includes several processing vessels and one or more local area radio frequency applicators to selectively heat the process stream in local areas of the equipment. The local area can be adjacent to an input or output of a component of the equipment. Also disclosed is equipment for processing an oil sand - water slurry, including a slurrying vessel, a slurry pipe, and a local area radio frequency applicator. The local area radio frequency applicator is located outside of the slurry pipe, and heats the local area without significantly heating the contents of the slurrying vessel or of the downstream portion of the slurry pipe.
Description
Background technology
The disclosure relates to separating of pitch and petrologen, pitch and petrologen be from oil-sand, Tar sands, resinous shale and with the oil of the very heavy-gravity kind of other petroleum source of matrix bonded, be called as non-conventional oil or oil sometimes.The a large amount of storages that have such oil ore in the North America, Financial cost and Environmental costs owing to extract available oil from these mineral deposits cause these storages not to be fully utilized.The gather pitch of about 91% in the ore of present face of land production practice.Expectation improves bituminous production and reduces production costs.
A kind of method of improving the pitch RF is that process water is heated, thereby reduces the bituminous viscosity.Through pitch is heated to 67 ℃ from 40 ℃, the bituminous viscosity is reduced to 10%, and through pitch further is heated to 80 ℃ from 67 ℃, the bituminous viscosity further reduces half the many.Along with temperature raises, the foam that dilutes with petroleum naphtha will experience similar viscosity reduction.
The throughput rate and the viscosity of subsider, sedimentation device, whizzer and cyclonic separator are inversely proportional to.Asphalt temperature is elevated to 80 ℃ from 40 ℃ can makes subsidence rate rise to 20 times,, can make the size of the smallest particles of extraction be reduced to 1/4.5th perhaps for identical treatment rate.
However, with whole technology be heated to 80 ℃ also infeasible economically, this is because this method needs too many energy for the hydrocarbon polymer of every barrel of extraction.In a lot of parts of pitch in technology is less composition, and a large amount of process waters are used.A lot of in the process water leave system as liquid or as steam, and a lot of quilts in the heat of introducing lose.
Present technology is heated to certain degree with whole technology, and utilizes steam to inject to raise the temperature of the slurry at some process point place, and at said process point place, higher temperature can be improved process efficiency.
Summary of the invention
One aspect of the present invention is to be used for isolating bituminous equipment from the oil-sand of process stream.This equipment comprises that mash vessel, separation vessel, degasifier, particle remove device and the regional area radio frequency applies device.
Mash vessel forms the slurry of oil sands ore in water.Mash vessel has ore inlet, water inlet and slurry outlet.
Separation vessel goes out asphalt foam from pulp separated.Separation vessel has slurry inlet, asphalt foam outlet, sand outlet and chats outlet.
Degasifier removes air from asphalt foam, thereby forms asphalt grouts.Degasifier has asphalt foam inlet and asphalt grouts outlet.
Particle removes device and removes foreign particles from asphalt grouts.Particle removes utensil has asphalt grouts inlet, asphalt grouts outlet and dregs of fat outlet.
The regional area radio frequency applies utensil has RF-AC power inlet and radiating surface, and said radiating surface is configured and orientates as the process stream in the regional area of heating installation optionally.Regional area can be with adjacent with upper/lower positions: the ore inlet of mash vessel; The slurry outlet of mash vessel; The slurry inlet of separation vessel; The asphalt foam outlet of separation vessel; The asphalt foam inlet of degasifier; Particle removes the asphalt grouts inlet of device; Particle removes the dregs of fat outlet of device; Perhaps in these positions any two or more.
Another aspect of the present invention is the asphalt foam separating device that is used to handle oil-sand.This equipment comprises that separation vessel and regional area radio frequency apply device.
Separation vessel has the chats outlet of slurry inlet, bottoms outlet, bottoms outlet top and the asphalt foam outlet of chats outlet top.
The regional area radio frequency applies device and is positioned at the asphalt foam exit of separation vessel or exports adjacent with this asphalt foam.Apply utensil RF-AC power inlet and radiating surface are arranged.Radiating surface is configured and orientates as and optionally heats asphalt foam, and heats chats indistinctively.When container comprises the chats of the level height that is positioned at and is close to chats outlet and be positioned at and be close to asphalt foam level height, above the chats of asphalt foam outlet, can realize this condition.
Another aspect of the present invention is the equipment that is used to handle oil-sand-water slurry, and this equipment comprises that mash vessel, slurry pipe and regional area radio frequency apply device.
Mash vessel is configured to oil sands ore is dispersed in the water, thereby forms alkaline oil-sand-water slurry.Mash vessel has oil sands ore inlet, water inlet and slurry outlet.
Slurry pipe has upstream portion 38 that is connected to the mash vessel outlet and the downstream part that is positioned at mash vessel outlet downstream.
The regional area radio frequency applies the outside that device is positioned at slurry pipe.Applying utensil has RF-AC power inlet and radiating surface, and said radiating surface is configured and orientates as the content of the slurry pipe in the optionally heating regional area adjacent with the mash vessel outlet.Apply the device heat local regions, and heat the content of downstream part of content or the slurry pipe of mash vessel indistinctively.
Another aspect of the present invention is to be used for isolating bituminous technology from the oil-sand of process stream, may further comprise the steps: form the slurry of oil sands ore in water; Go out asphalt foam from pulp separated; Remove air from asphalt foam, thereby form asphalt grouts; Remove foreign particles from asphalt grouts; And the regional area that radio frequency electromagnetic energy is put on process stream.
In mash vessel, form the slurry of oil sands ore in water with ore inlet, water inlet and slurry outlet.
In separation vessel, go out asphalt foam from pulp separated with slurry inlet, asphalt foam outlet, sand outlet and chats outlet.
In degasifier, remove air from asphalt foam with asphalt foam inlet and asphalt grouts outlet.
Remove in the device at particle and to remove foreign particles from asphalt grouts.Particle removes utensil has asphalt grouts inlet, asphalt grouts outlet and dregs of fat outlet.
Radio frequency electromagnetic energy is applied in the regional area of process stream, with the process stream in the heat local regions optionally.Said regional area can be with adjacent with upper/lower positions: the dregs of fat outlet that asphalt grouts inlet that the asphalt foam outlet of the slurry outlet of mash vessel, the slurry of separation vessel inlet, separation vessel, the asphalt foam inlet of degasifier, particle remove device or particle remove device.Also can heat by this way with these positions in any two or more adjacent regional areas.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to [second independent claim with rewriting of article body].
Description of drawings
Figure 1A, 1B and 1C are the synoptic diagram that is used for removing from oil sands ore bituminous separated from bitumen technology as molectron.
Fig. 2 is the skeleton view of mash vessel.
Fig. 3 is a pipeline section and the regional area RF of the content that is used to heat this pipeline section applies the isolation diagram perspective drawing of device.
Fig. 4 is a pipeline section and the regional area RF of the content that is used to heat this pipeline section applies the isolation diagram perspective drawing of another embodiment of device.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of litz wire (Litz wire) loop antenna (loop antenna).
Fig. 6 is decomposed the skeleton view with the litz wire that its structure is shown by part.
Fig. 7 is the cross section that the section line 7-7 along Fig. 6 gets.
Fig. 8 is the diagram cross section of flash liberation container.
Fig. 9 is the diagram cross section with flash liberation container of chute.
Figure 10 is the vertical view diagram of the container of Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the sectional view of the chute of flash liberation container, and it illustrates annular-grid (ring-and-grid) RF that is immersed in the asphalt foam and applies device.
Figure 12 is the view that is similar to Fig. 9, and its RF that illustrates in the asphalt foam that is arranged in the flash liberation container applies device.
Figure 13 is the vertical view diagram of the container of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is the synoptic diagram of the loop antenna of modification.
Figure 15 is the process schematic representation that is used to carry out the technology of being considered that oil sands ore handles.
Figure 16 has the flash liberation container of chute and the diagram cross section of direct irradiation RF heating.
Figure 17 is the diagram cross section with flash liberation container and another embodiment that direct irradiation RF heats of chute.
Figure 18 is the vertical view of the embodiment of Figure 17.
Figure 19 is the diagram cross section that is used to heat the RF well heater of ore.
Embodiment
One or more embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings now, below will be described the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing more fully.Yet the present invention can be implemented with many different forms, and should not be interpreted as the embodiment that is limited to here to be set forth.On the contrary, these embodiment are examples of the present invention, and the present invention has the four corner by the term indication of claim.Similarly label is indicated similar key element all the time.
One aspect of the present invention is to be used for isolating bituminous equipment from the oil-sand of process stream.For simplicity, here, " pitch " broadly be defined as comprise petrologen and with the oil of other form of matrix bonded.
An example that is used for isolating from oil-sand bituminous equipment 20 has been shown among Figure 1A, 1B and the 1C.At the upper reaches of equipment 20, ore deposit 22 for example usage mining machine is excavated out from the oil-sand ore deposit.Ore 22 can for example be sent to equipment 20 through tipper.Equipment 20 has crusher 24, and at crusher 24 places, ore 20 is pulverized the size for ease of handling.Broken ore is placed on the forwarder 26, and forwarder 26 (such as the recycle feed device) is sent to the ore of fragmentation in the mash vessel 28.
Slurry pipe 36 has the downstream part 40 in upstream portion 38 that is connected to the mash vessel outlet and the downstream that are positioned at mash vessel outlet 34.
The downstream part 40 of slurry pipe 36 is 42 chargings of flash liberation container.Flash liberation container 42 has slurry inlet 44, bottoms outlet 46, bottoms and exports the chats outlet 48 of 46 tops and the asphalt foam outlet 50 that chats exports 48 tops.Separation vessel 42 goes out asphalt foam and sand and other solid mine tailing from pulp separated.Flash liberation container 42 shown in Figure 1 is pneumatic flotation containers.
In operation, briefly with reference to Fig. 8, chats 52 is adjacent to be set in the separation vessel with the level height of chats outlet 48.Chats 52 is made up of alkaline oil-sand-water slurry basically.Asphalt foam 54 is adjacent to be set in the separation vessel with the level height of asphalt foam outlet 50, above chats 52.The liquid composition of the asphalt foam 54 of flotation in flash liberation container 42 typically comprises about 50-60% pitch, 20-30% water and 10-20% clay and other solid.Liquid composition has a large amount of entrained airs.Bottoms 56 (mainly being sand) is set in the separation vessel 42, below chats 48, and be positioned at the level height of bottoms outlet 46, perhaps the level height with bottoms outlet 46 is adjacent.
When ore was handled, to the stirring introducing air of chats 52, air formed foam.The pitch particle that leaves from initial institute bonded sand adheres to foam, and rises to the top, and with formation asphalt foam 50, and sand drops to bottom 56,56 places in the bottom, and sand is removed through sand outlet 46.
The chats 52 that the Figure 1B that repeats the flash liberation container of Figure 1A illustrates flash liberation container 42 can export 48 via chats and be removed and further handled.As will explaining; Remove chats 52 (typically being continuously) as required; So that can be from slurry pipe 36 chargings; Simultaneously stay enough spaces, being used in the competent residence time, keeping asphalt foam 54, thereby the bituminous desired proportion is provided in foam 54 at the top of flash liberation container 42.
The chats 52 that removes from chats outlet 48 is passed to one or more flotation vessel (here; Be five parallel flotation vessel 60,62,64,66 and 68 of a row), these flotation vessel is separated the asphalt foam of top and the mine tailing of oil-sand emulsion chats 52 belows once more.A flotation tailings of discharging via conduit 70 can make up with the mine tailing from flash liberation container 42, to be used for further processing.
Figure 1B illustrates in greater detail from the sand outlet 46 of flash liberation container or unit 42 and can be screened to remove bigger particle at screen cloth 72 with sand and the mine tailing that conduit 70 removes; And be passed to secondary flotation container (such as 74,76 and 78); These secondary flotation containers provide the secondary flotation of additional asphalt foam, and these additional asphalt foams are recycled to defeated 44 of flash liberation container 42 via secondary asphalt foam circuit 80.
The mine tailing from secondary flotation that is transmitted by secondary flotation mine tailing circuit 82 can be processed in one or more cyclonic separator or secondary centrifuging machine 84, and it mainly is the overflow 86 and particle dregs of fat underflow 88 of water that said cyclonic separator or secondary centrifuging machine 84 separate.The water overflow can be cleared up in thickening cylinder 90, and said thickening cylinder 90 further separated mine tailing from water before Jiang Shui guides warm tank 92 into.Be processed in tailing pond 94 by thickening cylinder 90 isolating mine tailings, tailing pond 94 is guided at Jiang Shui and further from water, is separated mine tailing before schematically being shown 96 recovery pond.
In the part of the technology shown in Figure 1B, be passed to degasifier 100 via pipeline 98 from the asphalt foam of flash liberation container 42.Degasifier 100 removes some air or other gas from asphalt foam.Degasifier 100 has asphalt foam mouth 110 and asphalt foam outlet 112.
Then, slurry removes in the device at particle and is processed (normally in large quantities), to remove (the typically being) clay and other littler particle that in floatation equipment, does not have sedimentation to fall.Particle removes device and typically has asphalt grouts inlet, asphalt grouts outlet and dregs of fat outlet.It is suitable that many different particles remove device, and, can use in the illustrated particle separator one or several.
With reference to Figure 1B, it is foam screen cloth 114 that the first shown particle removes device.The foam screen cloth mainly removes relatively large particle from asphalt foam.Screen cloth 114 has asphalt foam inlet 116 and asphalt foam outlet 118.The dregs of fat of screen cloth 114 " outlet " are the other device (not shown) of cleaning screen cloth 114.Also can remove the dregs of fat through replacing useless screen cloth.
Referring now to Figure 1B and 1C; The asphalt grouts of leaving foam screen cloth 114 advances to the foam feed groove 120 shown in Figure 1B; Then; Asphalt foam is come the additive fluid dilution of the stream of the thinner shown in Fig. 1 C 122 freely, and gets into the asphalt foam supply port 124 of inclined plate settler 126, and said inclined plate settler 126 also has asphalt foam outlet 128 and dregs of fat outlet 130.Inclined plate settler 126 also has flocculation chamber, thin plate group (lamella plate packs), overflow chute, dregs of fat hopper, rake and flocculation stirrer.
Treated asphalt foam leaves inclined plate settler 126 via asphalt foam outlet 128, and is sent to disc centrifuge 136 via asphalt foam circuit 132 and 134, removes to be used for additional particle.Be used for removing short grained secondary centrifuging machine and operate in the scope of 2500g～5000g, wherein, g is the earth gravity of its surface.Disc centrifuge 136 has asphalt foam inlet 138, pitch outlet 140, diluent outlet 142 and moisturizing inlet 144.In disc centrifuge 136, the pitch in the petroleum naphtha is lighter cut.It rises to pitch outlet 140 from whizzer 136, and leaves equipment as refining pitch.Mineral grain and drop to the bottom of disc centrifuge 136 under water, and be in the nozzle water in outlet 142 and leave.At 144 places moisturizing is provided, with replacement nozzle water.
The nozzle water of being got from diluent outlet 142 that leaves is sent to the gather inlet 146 of unit 148 of petroleum naphtha (thinner), and petroleum naphtha (thinner) unit 148 of gathering will remove to diluent outlet 150 from the thinner of mine tailing.Then, mine tailing leaves through mine tailing outlet 152, abandons being used to.
The underflow or the dregs of fat from the inclined plate settler 126 that leave via dregs of fat outlet 130 mix with thinner stream 160; And by transmit through shown in Fig. 1 C and remove equipment at the additional particle of following description; To isolate other pitch from the dregs of fat; Said thinner stream 160 can be non-aqueous fusion agent, such as petroleum naphtha.
The diluted dregs of fat are passed to helical conveyor centrifuge 162, and helical conveyor centrifuge 162 has asphalt grouts inlet 164, asphalt grouts outlet 166 and mine tailing outlet 168, and the said diluted dregs of fat are the lower slurries of asphalt content.
Isolating additional asphalt grouts is transmitted through strainer 170 via outlet 166 in helical conveyor centrifuge 162, and said strainer 170 has asphalt grouts inlet, pitch or filtrate outlet and dregs of fat outlet 176.The dregs of fat outlet 176 of strainer can be the replaceable filtering element that maybe can clean, and it is removed and/or cleans to remove the dregs of fat.
Leave asphalt grouts or the asphalt grouts inlet 178 that filtrating is passed to disc centrifuge 180 of the pitch outlet 174 of strainer; Said disc centrifuge 180 has the asphalt grouts outlet 182 and the dregs of fat outlet 184 that is used for through heavy phase that is used for through light phase; Said gently can be the pitch in the petroleum naphtha for example mutually, and said heavy phase can be the mine tailing in the water.Asphalt grouts through its outlet 182 makes up with the asphalt grouts of leaving inclined plate settler 126, and is delivered to the asphalt grouts inlet 138 of disc centrifuge 136, to be used to carry out foregoing further processing.
The helical conveyor centrifuge 162 (can be randomly, strainer 170) and the mine tailing of disc centrifuge 180 are combined, and are passed to the foregoing petroleum naphtha unit 148 of gathering.
The foam or the pitch in the slurry that are being processed are very sticky, and its high viscosity makes the throughput of handling be lower than the best.If with relative colder Temperature Treatment pitch, then heavy-gravity pitch is not easy to sedimentation or discharges sand, and the pitch RF is low.The contriver has found: can solve this problem through at some process point place slurry being heated to reduce the bituminous viscosity.
The contriver considers that the conventional scheme that heats thereby reduce the bituminous viscosity at some process point place injecting steam has undesirable spinoff.Steam injects, and particularly when being used to add thermal foam, is tending towards causing the downstream process problem.
At first, inject the asphalt grouts temperature that raises via steam and add extra water to slurry and further diluted pitch, this requires to handle more water in the equipment, and the final increase water that need remove from pitch.Owing to remove the process water of big volume has been a problem, makes process efficiency lower so increase the water yield that will be removed.
The second, higher relatively with vapour stream volume and pressure that the steam injection is associated.Steam injects thereby is tending towards causing the high-shear of compound, and this promotes to form in process slurry or the foam more stable (that is, be difficult to isolating) oil-in-water emulsions then.
The 3rd, the high-shear of injecting contribution by steam is tending towards pulverizing the particle of the sand, clay of slurry etc.Remove more difficulty and more consuming time of these littler particles.Along with particle size reduces (for small-particle), the throughput rate of subsider, sedimentation device, whizzer and cyclonic separator reduces.If heating process is created more small-particles or is reduced average particle size particle size (as contingent under the situation of the high-shear of injecting at steam), then owing to more be difficult to remove particle, so weakened or lose through reducing benefit that asphalt viscosity realizes.
The 4th, because foam is filled with little air element thereby heat transfer is poor, so be difficult to heat the mode injecting steam of most foams equably.
At last, ore comprises water by exploitation the time, and for given energy input, the water that is comprised has reduced the temperature of the ore slurry of heating.For having the high clay and the ore of water-content, in addition through only with 100 ℃, the water of 1atm adds technology to and attainable slurry mixing temperature also is tending towards limited.
Because asphalt grouts comprises abrasive mineral and alkali, thus strong to the corrodibility of processing unit, therefore do not add other heat protocol (such as from hot water or steam duct heat-shift) of water and do not thought useful yet by the contriver.The material of heat-shift (for example, copper pipe) is not suitable for being exposed to this extreme environment expeditiously.
Contriver imagination, be not at some process point injecting steam carrying out local heating, but can come in process point or the regional area one or more heated through the device that applies that is fed radio frequency (RF) energy.Here, " radio frequency " the most broadly is defined as any part that comprises the electromagnetic spectrum (comprising the scope from 3Hz to 300GHz) with wavelength longer than visible light, and comprises following sub-range of frequency:
With reference to Fig. 1, can by several examples of the regional area of RF heating comprise with following process point in one or more adjacent areas (comprising the position that is positioned at this some place and removing short-range position for this specification sheets from this point with a point " adjacent ".)：
-with slurry outlet 34 adjacent areas of mash vessel 28, such as 190 (about the enlarged view of slurry container, also referring to Fig. 2, the RF that heats the slurry pipe 36 of slurry container about being used to of being proposed applies device, also referring to Fig. 3～7);
-export 50 adjacent areas with the asphalt foam of flash liberation container 42, such as 192 (applying device about exemplary hot spot and technology) referring to Fig. 8～14 and 16;
-with the downstream end adjacent areas of the secondary slurry of flash liberation container 42 inlet 80, (,, apply device about the RF that is fit to that is used to heat this pipeline hot spot and other pipeline hot spot) such as 194 referring to Fig. 3～7 referring to Figure 1B about exemplary hot spot;
-with the asphalt foam of degasifier 110 adjacent areas that enter the mouth, such as 196 (about exemplary hot spots, referring to Figure 1B);
-remove asphalt grouts or the foam inlet adjacent areas of device with one or more particle, such as 198,200,202 or 204 (participating in Fig. 1 C); Perhaps
-with these positions in any two or more adjacent areas.
The pipeline that is fit to that Fig. 3 illustrates the content that is used for water back section (such as the slurry pipe 36 of Fig. 2 and 3) applies the example of device 210.In Fig. 2, the slurry outlet 34 of regional area and mash vessel 28 is adjacent.
Regional area radio frequency pipeline applies the outside that device 210 is positioned at slurry pipe 36.Apply device 210 and have RF-AC power inlet 212 and radiating surface, said radiating surface is configured and orientates as the content of the slurry pipe 36 in the optionally heating regional area adjacent with the mash vessel outlet.Apply device 210 heat local regions, and heat the content of downstream part 40 of content or the slurry pipe 36 of mash vessel 28 indistinctively.
It is cylindrical slot antenna 210 that the regional area radio frequency of Fig. 3 applies device, and can construct and operate according to disclosing in the United States Patent(USP) No. of authorizing Harris Corp 7,079,081, and this USP is comprised in this with way of reference.
If impedance matching device 220 is TEM feed coupler, then confirm the impedance matching performance of TEM coupling mechanism through a field of the electricity (E) between TEM coupling mechanism and the radiation 214 and magnetic (H) coupling.E and the coupling of H field are again the size separately of TEM coupling mechanism and radiation 214 and the function of the relative spacing between this two structures.
The mobile electric current can produce and be used for impedance matching device 220 and radiation 214 coupled H fields between first conductor 222 and second conductor 224.In addition, the potential difference between impedance matching device 220 and the radiation 214 can produce the coupling of E field.E field and H field coupled amount increase along with the interval between impedance matching device 220 and the radiation 214 and reduce.Therefore, clearance-adjustable 226 is with E field and the coupling of H field that realizes proper level.Can be by rule of thumb or use and comprise the size of the computer program of the finite element analysis of electromagnetic parameter being confirmed gap 226.
It is the cylindrical slot antenna 210 around process conduit 36 that the regional area radio frequency of Fig. 3 applies device.This process conduit 36 can be the nonmetal pipeline section.It can be processed by for example stupalith, and stupalith is decayed not obviously and is transferred to the RF energy of ore mortar through it, and wear-resisting.In illustrated embodiment, cylindrical slot antenna 210 can be formed on the duct section 36.
Fig. 4～7 illustrate another embodiment that the regional area radio frequency that is suitable for the process stream 232 in the water back section 36 applies device 230.The device that applies here is the loop antenna 230 around process conduit 36.Two or more can randomly be set axially or the loop antenna that radially separates.In illustrated embodiment, it is Ritz loop antennas that the regional area radio frequency applies device 230.Can in the United States Patent(USP) No. of for example authorizing Harris Corp 7,205,947, find the suitable constructions of Ritz loop antenna, this USP is included in this with way of reference.
The antenna of Figure 4 and 5 can be formed by for example litz wire shown in Fig. 6 and 7 or wire cable 234 (usually being called litz wire 234).The term litz wire comes from German speech Litzendraht (or Litzendraught), its implication be the braiding or " interlacing " line.General Definition, it is by constituting by the pattern sheave of unanimity and distortion or each film-insulated line of being woven together.Litz wire structure is designed to minimize or reduces because skin effect and the power loss that in solid conductor, shows, and said skin effect is the trend that RFC will concentrate on conductive surface.Occupy all possible positions (from the center to the outward flange) in the cable through being constructed to (at least on the ideal) each strand, the Ritz structure is offset this effect, and this trends towards making magnetic linkage (flux linkage) to equate.This makes electric current on the whole cross section of cable, to flow.In general, higher application is best to the structure of being made up of many strands of fine rules for frequency, and the strand diameter of 1～2 skin depth is efficient especially.
When selecting litz wire 234 to be used for given application, consider to influence some critical specifications of the performance of line.These specifications comprise the strand count amount that merges in the litz wire 234, the range of frequency of line, size (using AWG-United States Gauge (American Wire Gauge) to express usually), the resistance of line, its weight and its shape (being generally circle, rectangle or pigtail shape) of thigh.
Various litz wire structures are useful.For example, bundle can be woven, and cable can be twisted.In other instance, can use braiding or distortion everywhere.
Shown in Figure 4 and 5, antenna 230 comprises Ritz wire loop 234.Ritz wire loop 234 comprises stitching section 236, and said stitching section 236 is as being used to force/capacitive element or the tuning characteristic of tuning Ritz wire loop resonance.In addition, can and/or connect the frequency that each strand in the Ritz wire loop 234 comes tuned antenna 230 through disconnection.Magnetic coupling electric feedback ring 238 is set in the Ritz wire loop 234 of conduction, and is formed for the feed structure 240 into magnetic coupling electric feedback ring feed.The part of guiding electric feedback ring 238 into of feed structure 240 is preferably coaxial feeder.
Can through break off be connected litz wire in a plurality of lines selecteed line and to encircle 234 carry out tuning.For example, at first confirm the operating frequency of given Ritz wire loop structure through the lowest resonant frequency of measuring coupling electric feedback ring 238 places.Then, can come to adjust upward subtly the operating frequency of Ritz wire loop 234 through the thigh that breaks off randomly in the whole Ritz wire loop 234.The operating frequency of keeping watch on Ritz wire loop 234 at coupling electric feedback ring 238 places is to determine when the operating frequency that reaches expectation.Can come downward adjustment operating frequency through connecting the thigh that breaks off again.
In operation, through passing the radially mutual inductance of near field magnetic (magnetic near fields) of loop planar, 238 pairs of Ritz wire loops 234 of magnetic coupling electric feedback ring play the effect of primary, and Ritz wire loop 234 plays the secondary effect of resonance.This coupled character is the broadband.
Apply during device installs at the pipeline shown in Figure 4 and 5, electric feedback ring 238 can have identical radius with Ritz ring 234, and can be along pipeline section and axial dislocation.
With reference to Figure 4 and 5, the regional area radio frequency applies utensil has RF-AC power inlet 240 and radiating surface 242, and said radiating surface 242 is configured and orientates as the process stream 232 in the regional area of heating installation 20 optionally.
The additional device that applies as shown in Figure 4 can be placed along other pipeline section in pipeline section 36 or the equipment 20, in selected place additional heating to be provided.
With reference to Fig. 8～14, other embodiment that considers relates to the local heating at the asphalt foam of the asphalt foam separating device that is used for handling oil-sand.This equipment comprises that separation vessel 42 and regional area radio frequency apply device (such as 244,246,248,250 or 252).
The regional area radio frequency applies that device 244,248,250 and 252 is each positioned at or the asphalt foam of contiguous flash liberation container 42 outlet 50.In illustrated embodiment; The weir 260 or 262 that asphalt foam outlet comprises separation vessel (here; The weir broadly is defined as any edge that is positioned at container top or container top below, and when foam rose to the level height top on weir, foam overflowed above the weir; The weir is such as being lip of straight edge, pipe etc.), in the excretory portion (such as 268) in chute (such as 264 or 266) and the chute (such as 266) one or more; Said chute is configured to be used to collect the asphalt foam that overflows from the weir, and said excretory portion is used for asphalt foam is excreted to upstream device, to be used for further processing.
For example, the embodiment of Fig. 9～11 provides the regional area heating in chute 266, and said chute 266 is 262 collection asphalt foam overspills 270 from the weir.The device 248 or 250 that applies as shown in the figure is immersed in the asphalt foam, but also consider near foam, but in the outside configuration of foam.
The device 252 that applies of Figure 12 and 13 embodiment is adjacent in the foam of separation vessel self, provide the regional area heating with weir 262.Most of in the foam 54 or all arrive weir 262 before soon through apply device 252 near (radially in inside that applies device 252 or outside); Thereby what vertically and flatly reduced foam 54 is heated volume 272; And shortened the foamy heat-up time that is used for given volume, thereby will remain minimum from the thermosteresis of foam 54.
As another example, pipeline heater (any embodiment shown in Fig. 3 to 5) can be applied to from flotation vessel 60～68 and the downstream part of secondary flotation container 74～78 to the foam backhaul 80 of the main slurry circuit 36 that gets into flash liberation container 42.The whole oil-sand slurry of input can be heated at 44 places, but owing to being incorporated in the recycle feed device through the hot water with 32 places the stream from recycle feed device 30 to flash liberation container 42 is heated, so this can be unnecessary.From the foam backhaul of flotation vessel 60～68 and/or 64～68 can be apart from the downstream quite far away that apply heat recently.
Fig. 9 and 10 the antenna that chute is installed 248 can be that tubulose or the solid annular shown in Figure 10 or 12 applies device, Ritz loop antenna perhaps as shown in Figure 5, annular perhaps shown in figure 11-grid antenna.
Annular shown in figure 11-grid antenna or apply device 250 and comprise contact tube, annular or ring segment 274, grid 276, non-conductive supporting member 278 and non-conductive exterior protection and bracing or strutting arrangement 280; Said annular or ring segment 274 for example can be litz wire; Said grid 276 here is shown as around the tubular mesh of annular 274; Said non-conductive supporting member 278 keeps ring segment in position; And it and other device are isolated; Said non-conductive exterior protection and bracing or strutting arrangement 280 are isolated annular 274 and supporting member 278 and asphalt foam and other processing condition, and protection annular 274 and supporting member 278 do not receive the influence of asphalt foam and other processing condition.
Depend on the geometrical shape of wanting heated foamy character, the frequency that will use and chute 266 and grid 276, the annular of Figure 11 or centre conductor 274 replacedly can be configured to TEM cavity or loop antenna.The limiting frequency of TEM work is by medium specific inductivity and magnetic permeability decision.About making annular 274 and non-circular slot (trough) or grid sections coupling, the cross-sectional shape of annular 274 can be non-circular, such as ellipse, rectangle or random shape.
As through power supply lead wire 286 and 288 and the RF-AC source with the device 250 that applies electric power is provided to Figure 11, the RF energy can be introduced in centre conductor or annular 274 and asphalt foam.
The example of suitable R F tours antenna is the tours antenna of modification shown in Figure 14, and this tours antenna is further described in the United States Patent(USP) No. of authorizing Harris company 6,992,630.With way of reference this patent is included in this.
With reference to Figure 14, antenna 292 comprises the conductive ring 294 on the substrate (not shown), and can be considered to have the loop antenna of girth of the only about half of wavelength of natural resonance.
In addition, exterior shield ring 302 can be separated around conducting ring 294 and with conducting ring 294.Has third space 304 in the shield ring 302.Exterior shield ring 302 carries out radiation with conducting ring 294 boths, and plays the effect of differential type load capacitor each other.Distributed capacity between exterior shield ring 302 and the conducting ring 294 makes tuning stable through the EM field that shields from adjacent dielectric medium, people, structure etc.In addition, can add additional shield ring 302 to increase frequency band and bandwidth.Feed-through 306 and 308 is set for the RF power feed to applying device.
The method aspect of the embodiment of Figure 14 comprises through forming conductive ring 294 and makes antenna 292, comprising: the external diameter of conductive ring is formed less than 1/10 of operation wavelength, so antenna is an electricity little (electrically small) with respect to wavelength; In π/6～pi/2 scope doubly that the internal diameter of conductive ring is formed at external diameter.
If the device that applies of Fig. 8～14 is suitable for being immersed in the asphalt foam or other part of process stream; Then can be for example these be applied device and pack in the tubular ring of the material (such as pottery) dielectric, that erosion and wear resistant decreases, and/or these are applied the device equipment with opposing coating (such as the diamond of carbide or chemical vapour deposition).
In each case, apply utensil RF-AC power inlet and radiating surface are arranged.Said radiating surface is configured and orientates as and optionally heats asphalt foam, and heats chats indistinctively.When container comprises the chats adjacent with the level height of chats outlet and during with the level height of asphalt foam outlet asphalt foam adjacent, the chats top, can realize this condition.
With reference to Fig. 8～13, applying device can be concentricity with container at least substantially.It can be to be positioned as the hoop antenna that is immersed in the process stream that the regional area radio frequency applies device.With reference to Fig. 8～11 and 16, apply device can be at least in part in the outside of flash liberation container 42.With reference to Figure 12～13, apply device can be at least in part in the inside of flash liberation container 42.
Figure 16 illustrates another embodiment-contactless irradiation heating of the device of the local RF heating that is used for asphalt foam 54.In this embodiment, apply device 340 and 342 through the RF that is suspended on flash liberation container 42 tops, the top surface 338 of asphalt foam 54 is pointed in the RF irradiation.RF applies device 340 and 342 can be intended to heat generally top surface 338, perhaps heats the established part of top surface 338, near the edge such as top surface 338, before the collection of asphalt foam, heats being used for just in time.RF applies the asphalt foam 54 that device 340 and 342 can also or replacedly point in asphalt foam overspill 270 or the chute 266, just in time when asphalt foam 54 is leaving flash liberation container 42, to heat asphalt foam 54.Can select RF to apply the frequency and other characteristic of device 340 and 342, with the water in the heating asphalt foam 54, asphalt foam 54 can comprise 20～30% water.The air of asphalt foam 54 and bitumencarb hydrogen compound are transparent relatively for most of RF radiation, but water is good receptor (susceptor), particularly comprises under the situation of the dissolved solids (such as sodium hydroxide) that improves its conductivity at water.Water in the foam can be heated, and, this heat can easily be transmitted to asphalt foam 54 in the pitch that closely contacts of water.
For example disclosed in Figure 15 is to be used for isolating bituminous technology from the oil-sand of process stream aspect another, and it may further comprise the steps: form the slurry (be shown 320) of oil sands ore in water; Go out asphalt foam (being shown 322) from pulp separated; Remove air (being shown 324) from asphalt foam; Form asphalt grouts (being shown 326); Remove foreign particles (being shown 328) from asphalt foam and/or slurry; Radio frequency electromagnetic energy is put on the regional area (being shown 330) of process stream; (being shown 332) handled in asphalt grouts or foam process materials flow to local heating like this.
Radio frequency electromagnetic energy is applied in the regional area of process stream, with the process stream in the heat local regions optionally.Said regional area can be any zone in shown those zones, front for example.Also can heat by this way with these positions in the adjacent regional area in any two or more positions.
This use of RF heating provides and does not increase heating means any water, process compatible, that be easy to control, and at least some of the problem that is associated with delivery of steam and injection of its elimination or alleviation.
Referring now to Figure 17 and 18, show second embodiment of contactless direct irradiation RF irradiation apparatus, this RF irradiation apparatus is mounted being used for and uses with flash liberation container 42 similarly with the embodiment of Figure 16 in others.Figure 17 and this direct irradiation embodiment shown in 18 provide the foam that need not contact with foam heating once more, and this can reduce or eliminate fully and is stained with the problem that foam is associated with the RF antenna.
In this embodiment, apply device 350 and comprise annular antenna 352 substantially, but said antenna 352 is positioned at asphalt foam 338 tops, surface is adjacent with asphalt foam surface 338, and said asphalt foam surface 338 is adjacent with the edge of flash liberation container 42.Antenna 352 is accommodated in the packaged piece that comprises transparent illumination window 354 of RF and Faraday shield spare 356.For safety, this packaged piece is protected antenna 352 and is comprised the RF field.In the heating of top surface 338 places of asphalt foam 54 foam is heated,, but also make foam more freely flow to receiving tank so that the particle separation in flash liberation container 42 downstream is easy.
Depend on system's details that system is applied to, antenna 350 can be planar array, resonant cavity array, Harris's slot antenna (Harris slot antenna) of the broad variety antenna array of (comprising discrete dipole), radiating element or have the wire para-curve reflecting antenna that forms like shown annular wire paraboloidal reflector.The selection of antenna design, operating frequency and the real component of dielectric Constant and imaginary component can be used to reequip antenna 350 with corresponding knowledge between the frequency; So that controlled heat penetration to be provided; And cause mainly adding thermal foam 54; The top that perhaps mainly adds thermal foam 54 is such as the zone 358 of the degree of depth 358 tops in the foam 54.
In order to develop the suitable antenna 350 and RF source 362 that is used for this purposes, can be characterized in advance to provide as the characteristic of the foam 54 of load and to be selected the suitable required required data of automatic impedance bridging functionality of operating frequency, the antenna that is designed for suitable radiation and executable operations work system.
Such antenna 350 also can be applicable to add the top surface of the asphalt foam in the heated launder 266, perhaps can be applied to any type of conveyer trough with the wire mode.
Figure 19 illustrates direct ore RF heating installation 368, and it can be used to be delivered to from forwarder 26 when broken ore 370 ore 370 of the said fragmentation of heating the way of recycle feed device 30 of Figure 1A.In this embodiment, the water before the slurrying in the Already in broken ore 370 can be used as the receptor that receives the RF energy, the water in the broken ore 370 of direct heating, thereby the pitch in the broken ore 370 of indirect heating.
This equipment 368 can comprise that from feed spout 372, RF see-through section or the sleeve pipe 374 that receives material such as 26 forwarder, antenna 376, RF projector 378 and output skewed slot 380, said output skewed slot 380 is used for the ore 370 of heating is sent to other processing unit (such as recycle feed device 30).Sleeve pipe 374 can be processed by durable and suitable material that RF is transparent (for example pottery).Can antenna 376 be provided with various suitable forms, comprise Harris Ritz antenna, slot array antenna, circular resonant chamber array or other configuration.Projector 378 comprises output power stage 382, and antenna coupling unit 384, antennal interface 386 and emission circuit 388.Under some situation, the function of emission circuit 388 can be provided by waveguide, but imagination will be used emission circuit 388 under usual situation.
So, in certain embodiments system, device and the technology that one or more advantage in the following optional advantage can be provided is described.
Can be in institute's favored area of equipment the lifting technique temperature, thereby provide better pitch to gather, and do not add additional water.This has saved otherwise can be used to remove the energy of additional water, and has reduced through heating the amount of the energy that additional process water spends.
But lifting technique temperature also, and do not introduce high-shear stream or produce the stable emulsion of not expecting can not taking place when using steam to inject.
Can be randomly, can between heating unit and process slurry or foam, contact or discontiguous situation under the heating process pipeline.
Considering under the situation of even heating that the TEM chamber that machinery is opened can be used as and applies device, thereby makes it possible to the heating equably basically of whole material block.
As replaceable scheme, the RF heating makes it possible to optionally heat put on the buoyant foamy upper layer at the place, top of flash liberation container, and need not to heat the content of entire container and chats and sand.
The litz wire antenna pitch to be used for managing and the eddy current heating of asphalt foam are provided.
The induction heating and the dielectric loss heating of the asphalt grouts of slot antenna to be used for managing are provided.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for isolating bituminous equipment from the oil-sand of process stream, comprising:
Mash vessel is used to form the slurry of oil sands ore in water, and said mash vessel has ore inlet, water inlet and slurry outlet;
Separation vessel is used for going out asphalt foam from said pulp separated, and said separation vessel has slurry inlet, asphalt foam outlet, sand outlet and chats outlet;
Degasifier is used for removing air from said asphalt foam, thereby forms asphalt grouts, and said degasifier has asphalt foam inlet and asphalt grouts outlet; With
Particle removes device, is used for removing foreign particles from said asphalt grouts, and said particle removes utensil has asphalt grouts inlet, asphalt grouts outlet and dregs of fat outlet,
Improvement comprises:
The regional area radio frequency applies device, has RF-AC power inlet and radiating surface, and said radiating surface is configured and orientates as and optionally heats and be selected from the treatment process materials flow in the adjacent regional area in the position of upper/lower positions:
The ore inlet of mash vessel;
The slurry outlet of mash vessel;
The slurry inlet of separation vessel;
The asphalt foam outlet of separation vessel;
The asphalt foam inlet of degasifier;
Particle removes the asphalt grouts inlet of device; Perhaps
In these positions any two or more.
2. the oil-sand from process stream is isolated bituminous technology, comprising:
In mash vessel, form the slurry of oil sands ore in water, said mash vessel has ore inlet, water inlet and slurry outlet;
In separation vessel, go out asphalt foam from said pulp separated, said separation vessel has slurry inlet, asphalt foam outlet, sand outlet and chats outlet;
In degasifier, remove air from said asphalt foam, thereby form asphalt grouts, said degasifier has asphalt foam inlet and asphalt grouts outlet;
Remove in the device at particle and to remove foreign particles from said asphalt grouts, said particle removes utensil has asphalt grouts inlet, asphalt grouts outlet and dregs of fat outlet; With
Radio frequency electromagnetic energy is put on the regional area of said process stream, optionally to heat and to be selected from the process stream in the adjacent regional area in the position of upper/lower positions:
The slurry outlet of mash vessel;
The slurry inlet of separation vessel;
The asphalt foam outlet of separation vessel;
The asphalt foam inlet of degasifier;
Particle removes the asphalt grouts inlet of device; Perhaps
In these positions any two or more.
3. according to the invention of any one claim of front, wherein, said separation vessel is the pneumatic flotation container.
4. according to the invention of any one claim of front, wherein, it is settling vessel, whizzer or strainer that said particle removes device.
5. according to the invention of any one claim of front; Wherein, to apply device be loop antenna, Ritz loop antenna, tours antenna, cylindrical slot antenna around process conduit or the contactless irradiation RF well heater that is positioned as the irradiation asphalt foam to said regional area radio frequency.
6. according to the invention of any one claim of front, wherein, process conduit limits at least a portion in the path between mash vessel and the separation vessel.
7. according to the invention of claim 6, wherein, said process conduit is the nonmetal pipeline section.
8. according to the equipment of claim 7, wherein, said cylindrical slot antenna is formed on the said nonmetal pipeline section.
9. according to the invention of any one claim of front; Wherein, the outlet of said asphalt foam comprises at least one in following: the excretory portion that is used for asphalt foam is discharged to the upstream device that is used for further handling the weir of separation vessel, the chute that is arranged to the asphalt foam that collection overflows from said weir, the said chute.
10. according to the invention of any one claim of front, wherein, the said device that applies is at least one in following: concentric with said container substantially, at least partially in the said container, perhaps at least partially in said external container.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/395,918 US8128786B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2009-03-02 | RF heating to reduce the use of supplemental water added in the recovery of unconventional oil |
| US12/395,918 | 2009-03-02 | ||
| PCT/US2010/025808 WO2010101846A2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2010-03-01 | Rf heating to reduce the use of supplemental water added in the recovery of unconventional oil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102341482A true CN102341482A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010800101318A Pending CN102341482A (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2010-03-01 | RF heating to reduce the use of supplemental water added in the recovery of unconventional oil |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8128786B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2403923A2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102341482A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010221581B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2753554C (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2011136170A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010101846A2 (en) |
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- 2010-03-01 CN CN2010800101318A patent/CN102341482A/en active Pending
- 2010-03-01 AU AU2010221581A patent/AU2010221581B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 2010-03-01 WO PCT/US2010/025808 patent/WO2010101846A2/en active Application Filing
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2011
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113499599A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2021-10-15 | 挪威技术公司 | Method for thermal separation of non-polar organic compounds from materials by steam distillation |
| CN113499599B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2023-02-17 | 挪威技术公司 | Method for thermal separation of non-polar organic compounds from materials by steam distillation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010101846A3 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
| RU2011136170A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| US8128786B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 |
| AU2010221581A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
| AU2010221581B2 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
| WO2010101846A2 (en) | 2010-09-10 |
| US20100219105A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
| EP2403923A2 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
| US9273251B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
| CA2753554C (en) | 2014-01-14 |
| US20120097578A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
| CA2753554A1 (en) | 2010-09-10 |
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