CN102338055A - Solar photovoltaic water pump device - Google Patents
Solar photovoltaic water pump device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102338055A CN102338055A CN2010102354712A CN201010235471A CN102338055A CN 102338055 A CN102338055 A CN 102338055A CN 2010102354712 A CN2010102354712 A CN 2010102354712A CN 201010235471 A CN201010235471 A CN 201010235471A CN 102338055 A CN102338055 A CN 102338055A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar photovoltaic water pump device. The device mainly comprises devices such as a solar panel, a weak power detector, an automatic charging detector, a storage battery, a centralized controller, water level detectors, a photovoltaic water pump driver, a photovoltaic water pump and the like, wherein the weak power detector is connected with the centralized controller, the solar panel and the photovoltaic water pump driver, the storage battery and the automatic charging detector are connected with the solar panel and the centralized type controller, and the water level detectors are arranged for the water levels of a water storage tower and a well; and the photovoltaic water pump driver is connected with the photovoltaic water pump and the solar panel, the weak power detector, the automatic charging detector, the storage battery and the centralized type controller. The water pump device provided by the invention is mainly characterized by being provided with the centralized controller. In the device, a direct current converter technique and a maximum power point tracking technology are adopted, so that the solar energy is most efficiently translated into electric energy so as to drive a motor to drive the photovoltaic water pump to fetch water.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solar photovoltaic water pump technical field, relate to a kind of centralized control formula solar photovoltaic water pump device that makes solar energy the most efficiently be converted into electric energy.
Background technique
Now, along with rolling up of consumptions such as conventional energy resource such as oil, coal, the ecotope that goes from bad to worse forces countries in the world to begin actively to seek the road of the energy of a new sustainable development.Clean energy resourcies such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal power have received human attention gradually, and this wherein, and solar energy is in the most outstanding status undoubtedly.Now; China great Northwest, Tibet and the Inner Mongol etc. are away from the remote districts of electrical network; Much human is drunk less than clean potable water; And these areas are the profuse areas of solar energy resources simultaneously, therefore, have obvious social and economic benefit in these area development solar photovoltaic water pump technology.
The solar photovoltaic water pump device is that a kind of energy at sunshine of solar energy that utilizes changes into electric energy, and drive motor drives the device that photovoltaic water pump draws water.Tradition solar photovoltaic water pump device mainly is made up of solar panels, power-sensing circuit, PWM modulation circuit, circuit for controlling motor, water level detection circuit, processor etc.In the device; The solar cells price of solar panels is higher, and portion is bigger in whole installation cost, therefore; Under the certain situation of solar cells capacity, the efficient that improves solar panels as far as possible has very important economic implications to the price performance that improves whole device.In order to improve the efficient of solar panels, do not have at efficiency of solar cell under the condition of essence breakthrough, an effective method is exactly the maximal power tracing technology that adopts solar cells.
At present; The major defect of tradition solar photovoltaic water pump device is: the one, and do not adopt the DC frequency-changing technology to carry out soft start to the motor that drives water pump; Cause the electric motor starting electric current excessive, particularly when the solar energy output power is not enough, causes motor Fraquent start often; Sometimes cause the motor cisco unity malfunction, influence the operation of water pump; The 2nd, solar panels are not adopted maximal power tracing technology (MPPT mode); Cause solar energy not to be fully used; Particularly when solar energy is not enough,, even storage battery is normally charged because solar energy utilization ratio is low; Cause and to cause photovoltaic water pump normally to move to the motor normal power supply.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to traditional solar photovoltaic water pump device; Existing problem and shortage part; And provide a kind of outer shroud monitoring solar panels terminal voltage, interior ring to adopt the method for DC frequency-changing technology starting motor driving water pump, make the working state of device be in the optimal state of maximum power point, the centralized control formula solar photovoltaic water pump device that solar energy the most efficiently is converted into electric energy.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of solar photovoltaic water pump device; Mainly form by devices such as solar panels, weak power detector, automatic charge detector, storage battery, centralized controller, level switch, photovoltaic water pump driver, photovoltaic water pumps; Weak power detector connects centralized controller and solar panels, photovoltaic water pump driver; Storage battery, automatic charge detector connect solar panels and centralized controller; Water level detecting to retaining water tower and well has been installed level switch; Photovoltaic water pump driver connection photovoltaic water pump and solar panels, weak power detector, automatic charge detector and storage battery, centralized controller, its major character is: device is equipped with centralized controller.
Centralized controller described in the technical solution of the present invention is the core devices in apparatus of the present invention, and its control circuit is to serve as the full digital intelligence control circuit of control core formation with the single-chip microcomputer C8051F330 of new generation that Silicon company produces.This device is a kind of centralized control means of apparatus of the present invention, but several devices of centralized control, its communication interface terminal mainly can be connected with 5 kinds of devices: the one, be connected the weak power detector of solar panels, photovoltaic water pump driver.This device is realized solar panels power is monitored in real time through weak power detector; When judging that power that solar panels are exported satisfies the photovoltaic water pump desired power; Centralized controller sends signal, and photovoltaic water pump driver control photovoltaic water pump is started working; The 2nd, the automatic charge detector of connection solar panels.This device can judge whether to be accumulator cell charging and discharging automatically according to the size of the output energy and the load motor institute energy requirement of solar panels, thereby improves the working efficiency of device; The 3rd, connect retaining tower level switch.This device can send signal according to the height of retaining water tower level, sends starting or stops the instruction that photovoltaic water pump moves to the photovoltaic water pump driver; The 4th, connect the well level switch that the well water level monitoring is popped one's head in.This device can send signal according to the high and low position of well water level monitoring probe, sends starting or stops the instruction that photovoltaic water pump moves to the photovoltaic water pump driver; The 5th, the photovoltaic water pump driver of connection solar panels, weak power detector, automatic charge detector and storage battery, photovoltaic water pump.This device can send the running instruction to photovoltaic water pump according to weak power detector, the automatic signal that sends of charge detector, well level switch, retaining water tower level detector.After the device of apparatus of the present invention powers on, at first carry out electric initialization, then through detecting the open state of retaining water tower level detector, well level switch, weak power detector judgment means, if satisfy the start condition; Centralized controller is through the terminal voltage of outer shroud control solar panels; Begin to carry out states such as maximum power point control algorithm, identification stall, overcurrent, overload, its maximum power point control algorithm does, the maximum power point operating voltage of solar panels is generally at its 70% place of off load voltage; With off load voltage 70% as voltage-tracing point for the first time; Promptly increase the motor dutycycle this moment, the variation of dutycycle can cause that rotating speed of motor or frequency raise, if frequency raises; Outer loop voltag does not descend; It is in the right direction that then expression increases the motor dutycycle, and the power that solar cells provides increases, and continues to change towards this direction; If the terminal voltage of solar panels descends, then expression increases motor dutycycle anisotropy, and the power reduction that the expression solar cells provides then need change to another direction.This device hardware protection action is very fast, and state protection functions such as stall, overcurrent, overload are mainly accomplished by hardware circuit.Electric Machine Control mode in this device adopts the software program controlling schemes, according to the terminal voltage of judging rotor, judges rotating speed of motor, simultaneously motor is carried out VFC.Function below the software design realizes: the back-emf crossover point signal is caught in (1), through computing, draws correct commutation point, carries out commutation; (2) according to the situation of photovoltaic water pump motor speed and solar panels terminal voltage, adopt the DC frequency-changing technology, through outer ring controller solar energy terminal voltage, interior ring is through the method for control motor speed, to realize the maximal power tracing of solar cell array; (3) realize various monitoring and software protection function or the like.In a word, it is direct current through solar panels with solar energy converting that this device makes device, then through photovoltaic water pump driver drives motor; Fetch water thereby drive photovoltaic water pump, centralized controller is according to the detection case of weak power detector, through adopting the control optimized Algorithm of outer shroud control solar energy terminal voltage, interior ring control motor speed; Make device work in solar energy Maximum Power Output point; Under equal electric current and voltage conditions, this control algorithm can make unit efficiency improve 10% to 15%, and simultaneously centralized controller is according to the detection information of automatic charge detector; Portion of energy is stored in the storage battery when strong at sunshine; And at sunshine when more weak, storage battery gives off energy, thereby improves the efficient of device.
Automatic charge detector described in the technical solution of the present invention adopts singlechip interruption control technique and diode, metal-oxide-semiconductor to realize.This device judges whether to charge for storage battery according to the size of the output energy and the load motor institute energy requirement of solar panels automatically.
Photovoltaic water pump described in the technical solution of the present invention is the dc brushless motor solar photovoltaic water pump that a kind of dc brushless motor and water pump are assembled into one, and its motor is a dc brushless motor, through judging the rotation of motor rotor position control motor.Motor position detects at present has multiple mode; The first kind is for there being approach sensor, and this mode is to adopt rotor-position sensor directly to measure motor rotor position, confirms the stator commutation time; This is undoubtedly most convenient in control, it only requires accuracy and the reliability that position transducer is installed.The characteristics of this mode are that control is simple, and electric motor starting moment is bigger.Second type is no approach sensor, and method commonly used has back-emf method, stator third harmonic method, current path supervision method etc.What this device adopted is the back-emf detection method; This mode is to utilize motor stator U, V, and the terminal voltage of W three-phase detects the position of rotor; Through discerning the revolving electro-motive force signal that the terminal voltage rotor is reflected; Confirm commutation constantly, the characteristics of this mode are that device is firm reliable, make easy for installation.For the photovoltaic water pump device, because the load of motor is a water pump, can know by the performance characteristic of water pump, square being directly proportional of the loading moment of water pump and rotating speed, rotating speed is low more, and the load resistance square is more little.Therefore; The needed initial moment of pump motor is very little; As long as the overcome friction square both can; So can solve the excessive problem of inrush current that present solar photovoltaic water pump brings, the characteristics of position-sensor-free commutation mode are fit to the requirement of photovoltaic water pump device to motor driving control very much, and the present invention adopts no approach sensor.
Weak power detector described in the technical solution of the present invention, its function is divided into: (1) low protection at sunshine.Should low protection at sunshine mainly be that protection starts in low protection at sunshine and the running constantly and to protect low sunshine.Starting constantly mainly is the output power that detects solar cell, and when the output power of solar energy is lower than certain threshold values, then device is not started shooting; The protection time of running equally also is to detect the solar cell output power, and power is too little, and photovoltaic water pump can't pump up water, and also should protect this moment; (2) start under-voltage protection.When this start under-voltage protection was primarily aimed at storage battery power supply, when battery tension is crossed when low, start can cause storage battery to cross to put and damage storage battery; If battery tension drops to certain threshold values and also shuts down in the running, avoid battery overdischarge.
Level switch described in the technical solution of the present invention is divided into well water level detecting and retaining water tower level and detects.In the device continuous operation, the well water level constantly descends, when water level is lower than the height of well low water level monitoring probe of accompanying drawing (1); Water pump no longer draws water, and this device adopts simply, hardware circuit realizes draining protection cleverly, and this hardware circuit adopts the height of water that has a stagnant loop back path; When water level was lower than the low water level monitoring probe height of accompanying drawing (1), motor quit work, when water level is higher than the height of well high water level monitoring probe of accompanying drawing (1); Motor promptly recovers proper functioning; If do not have this ring that stagnates, when water level fluctuates up and down, will cause the frequent switch of motor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in the hardware-initiated mode of conventional photovoltaic water pump; The control of this device software starts the DC frequency-changing technology that adopts, simultaneously because the needed initial moment of dc brushless motor is very little, as long as the overcome friction square both can; Therefore the photovoltaic water pump of this device starts mild; Inrush current is littler, and it is excessive and cause electric motor starting frequent to have overcome the conventional motors inrush current, the problem of cisco unity malfunction.This device adopts outer shroud control solar energy terminal voltage; Interior ring is through the control optimized Algorithm of control motor speed; Make device work in solar energy Maximum Power Output point, under equal electric current and voltage conditions, this control algorithm can make unit efficiency improve 10% to 15%.This device can prevent photovoltaic water pump frequent starting when solar energy is more weak through detecting the power of solar energy, the effect of playing protection and prolonging the photovoltaic water pump life-span.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, solar panels; 2, weak power detector; 3, automatic charge detector; 4, storage battery; 5, centralized controller; 6, retaining water tower level detector; 7, retaining water tower; 8, the retaining water tower water positive pole of completely popping one's head in; 9, the retaining water tower water negative pole of completely popping one's head in; 10, well level switch; 11, photovoltaic water pump driver; 12, well high water level monitoring probe; 13, well water level monitoring common port; 14, well low water level monitoring probe; 15, well; 16, photovoltaic water pump.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.Device is mainly by solar panels (1); Weak power detector (2); Automatic charge detector (3); Storage battery (4); Centralized controller (5); Retaining water tower level detector (6); Retaining water tower (7); The retaining water tower water positive pole (8) of completely popping one's head in; The retaining water tower water negative pole (9) of completely popping one's head in; Well level switch (10); Photovoltaic water pump driver (11); Well high water level monitoring probe (12); Well water level monitoring common port (13); Well low water level monitoring probe (14); Well (15); Photovoltaic water pump (16) is formed.Solar panels (1) directly link to each other with weak power detector (2), and storage battery (4) and automatic charge detector (3) are connected between solar panels (1) and the centralized controller (5).Retaining water tower level detector (6) is installed between retaining water tower (7) and the centralized controller (5).Well level switch (10) is installed between well (15) and the centralized controller (5).
This device is direct current through solar panels (1) with solar energy converting; Send the running instruction through centralized controller (5) then; Control photovoltaic water pump driver (11) drives photovoltaic water pump (16) and fetches water; When well level switch (10) detected water level in the well (15) and is lower than well low water level monitoring probe (14), centralized controller (5) was controlled photovoltaic water pump driver (11) " disconnection " automatically, and photovoltaic water pump (16) quits work; When the water level in well (15) was higher than well high water level monitoring probe (12), photovoltaic water pump driver (11) was controlled photovoltaic water pump (16) automatically and is reruned.To detect retaining water tower (7) water level low when retaining water tower level detector (6); In generation, is when retaining water tower water is completely popped one's head in negative pole (9); Centralized controller (5) control photovoltaic water pump driver (11) is connected; Make automatically operation of photovoltaic water pump (16), when water level is higher than retaining water tower water and completely pops one's head in positive pole (8), out of service.Centralized controller (5) is realized the power of solar panels (1) is monitored in real time through weak power detector (2); When judging that power that solar panels (1) are exported satisfies photovoltaic water pump (16) desired power, centralized controller (5) sends signal and makes photovoltaic water pump driver (11) drive photovoltaic water pump (16) to start working.After photovoltaic water pump (16) was started working, charge detector (3) can judge whether to storage battery (4) discharges and recharges automatically automatically, thereby improves the efficient of device.
After device powers on, at first carry out electric initialization, whether centralized controller (5) works through detecting retaining water tower level detector (6), well level switch (10), weak power detector (2) judgment means then, if satisfy the start condition; Centralized controller (5) is through the terminal voltage of outer shroud control solar panels (1); Begin to carry out states such as maximum power point control algorithm, identification stall, overcurrent, overload, its maximum power point control algorithm does, the maximum power point operating voltage of solar panels is generally at its 70% place of off load voltage; With off load voltage 70% as voltage-tracing point for the first time; Promptly increase the motor dutycycle this moment, the variation of dutycycle can cause that rotating speed of motor or frequency are to raise, if frequency raises; Outer loop voltag does not descend; It is in the right direction that then expression increases the motor dutycycle, and the power that solar cells provides increases, and continues to change towards this direction; If the terminal voltage of solar panels descends, then expression increases motor dutycycle anisotropy, and the power reduction that the expression solar cells provides then need change to another direction.This device hardware protection action is very fast, so state protection functions such as stall, overcurrent, overload are mainly accomplished by hardware circuit.In a word, this device is direct current through solar panels (1) with solar energy converting, then through photovoltaic water pump driver (11) drive motor; Fetch water thereby drive photovoltaic water pump (16), centralized controller (5) is according to the detection case of weak power detector (2), through adopting outer shroud control solar energy terminal voltage; Interior ring is through the control optimized Algorithm of control motor speed; Make device work in solar energy Maximum Power Output point, under equal electric current and voltage conditions, this control algorithm can make unit efficiency improve 10% to 15%; Centralized controller (5) is according to the detection case of automatic charge detector (3) simultaneously; Portion of energy is stored in the storage battery (4) in strong at sunshine, and at sunshine when more weak storage battery (4) give off energy, thereby improve the efficient of device.
Claims (5)
1. solar photovoltaic water pump device; Mainly form by solar panels (1), weak power detector (2), automatic charge detector (3), storage battery (4), centralized controller (5), level switch (6,10), photovoltaic water pump driver (11), photovoltaic water pump devices such as (16); Weak power detector (2) connects centralized controller (5) and solar panels (1), photovoltaic water pump driver (11); Storage battery (4), automatic charge detector (3) connect solar panels (1) and centralized controller (5); The water level detecting of retaining water tower (7) and well (15) has been installed level switch (6,10), photovoltaic water pump driver (11) connection photovoltaic water pump (16) and solar panels (1), weak power detector (2), automatic charge detector (3) and storage battery (4), centralized controller (5).
2. according to claims 1 described a kind of solar photovoltaic water pump device; It is characterized in that: described centralized controller (5); Its control circuit is the full digital intelligence control circuit; The communication interface terminal can be connected with the interface of weak power detector (2), automatic charge detector (3), retaining tower level switch (6), well level switch (10), photovoltaic water pump driver (11), can carry out Centralized Monitoring to these devices.
3. according to claims 1 described a kind of solar photovoltaic water pump device; It is characterized in that: described photovoltaic water pump (16) is the dc brushless motor solar photovoltaic water pump that a kind of motor and water pump are assembled into one; Its motor is a dc brushless motor; Adopt position-sensor-free commutation mode, judge the rotation of motor rotor position control motor.
4. according to claims 1 described a kind of solar photovoltaic water pump device, it is characterized in that: described weak power detector (2) is provided with low protection at sunshine, start under-voltage protection.
5. according to claims 1 described a kind of solar photovoltaic water pump device; It is characterized in that: described level switch (6,10) comprises well level switch (10) and retaining water tower level detector (6); Well level switch (10) mainly is made up of well high water level monitoring probe (12), well water level monitoring common port (13), well low water level monitoring probe (14), and retaining water tower level detector (6) mainly is made up of retaining water tower water positive pole (8), the retaining water tower water negative pole (9) of completely popping one's head in of completely popping one's head in.
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| CN2010102354712A CN102338055A (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2010-07-26 | Solar photovoltaic water pump device |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102628434A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-08 | 苏州沃达园林机械有限公司 | Solar energy direct current rainwater pump |
| CN102937073A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-20 | 江苏大学 | Day-and-night photovoltaic pump system with no storage battery |
| CN103015541A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-04-03 | 华南理工大学 | Wall body evaporation and temperature reduction device utilizing solar energy and nontraditional water sources |
| CN103147489A (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-06-12 | 云南桑帕尔光伏科技有限公司 | Method for pumping water in parallel by using photovoltaic input power in photovoltaic water pumping-out system |
| CN104460714A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-25 | 郭新建 | Solar photovoltaic water pump driver |
| CN105134543A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-09 | 李声锋 | Portable intelligent numerical control infinitely variable transmission energy saving water pump |
| CN105239635A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 浙江大元泵业股份有限公司 | Water supply system of solar water reservoir and control mode of water supply system |
| CN105553093A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-05-04 | 台州谊聚机电有限公司 | Power supply circuit with real-time voltage detection for water pump system |
| CN105587491A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-05-18 | 台州谊聚机电有限公司 | Photovoltaic water pump system |
| CN105889084A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Photovoltaic water self-diversion device for drought region without electricity |
| CN106640582A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 广西凯兴创新科技有限公司 | Solar water-pumping system for planting bananas in mountainous region |
| CN107587991A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-16 | 朱宪民 | A kind of solar photovoltaic water pump |
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| CN108730169A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-02 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Pump switch control method and pump switch control device |
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| CN109653979A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-19 | 宁波德业变频技术股份有限公司 | A kind of deep well pump frequency converter that can track solar panels maximum power |
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Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102628434A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-08 | 苏州沃达园林机械有限公司 | Solar energy direct current rainwater pump |
| CN102937073A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-20 | 江苏大学 | Day-and-night photovoltaic pump system with no storage battery |
| CN102937073B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Day-and-night photovoltaic pump system with no storage battery |
| CN103015541A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-04-03 | 华南理工大学 | Wall body evaporation and temperature reduction device utilizing solar energy and nontraditional water sources |
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Application publication date: 20120201 |