CN102337940A - Ammonia water absorption type power circulating device with variable concentration regulating power - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ammonia water absorption type power cycle device for power recovery and utilization of medium and low temperature heat sources with variable concentration and power adjustment, comprising an ammonia water absorption type power cycle device 1, a solution storage tank 2, a solenoid valve group 3; one end of the solution storage tank The port A and port B of the pump are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet pipelines of the low-pressure ammonia pump through solenoid valve A and solenoid valve B, and the port C at the other end is connected to the inlet pipeline of the high-pressure ammonia pump. The pressure at the inlet pipeline of the high-pressure ammonia pump is between The characteristics of the pressure between the outlet pipeline and the inlet pipeline of the low-pressure ammonia pump, the solution in the solution storage tank is replaced by the switch of the solenoid valve group, thereby changing the concentration, working pressure and density of the solution in the main circuit of the circulation, and changing the concentration of the solution entering the turbine. The mass flow rate of the turbine can be increased or decreased. The ammonia water absorption type power cycle device with variable concentration and power adjustment of the present invention can avoid or reduce the throttling loss of the turbine regulating valve, maintain the high-efficiency operation of the turbine, and realize the maximization of cycle efficiency.

Description

An ammonia water absorption power cycle device with variable concentration and power adjustment

technical field

The invention relates to an ammonia water absorption type power cycle device for power recovery and utilization of medium and low temperature heat sources with variable concentration and power regulation.

Background technique

Ordinary pure working medium power cycle device is adjusted by throttling adjustment. When the operating conditions deviate from the design conditions, the turbine power adjustment is realized by opening and closing the small turbine regulating valve, so there is a large throttling in the turbine regulating valve loss; since the ammonia water absorption power cycle device uses mixed working fluid, it is possible to change the working pressure and density by changing the concentration at the same temperature when the turbine regulating valve is fully opened, and then change the mass flow rate of the turbine, thereby changing the turbine. flat power. The adjustment scheme based on the above ideas is the variable concentration adjustment power scheme, which can reduce or avoid throttling loss, thereby improving the efficiency of the circulation system.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an ammonia water absorption power circulation device with variable concentration and power adjustment for medium and low temperature heat source power recovery and utilization. The principle is to change the concentration of the ammonia water mixed working medium solution at the turbine inlet The working pressure and density of the working fluid, and then change the mass flow of the turbine working fluid when the turbine regulating valve is fully open, thereby changing the turbine power, which can reduce or avoid throttling loss and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the circulation system.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

An ammonia water absorption power cycle device with variable concentration and power adjustment, comprising an ammonia water absorption power cycle device, a solution storage tank, and a solenoid valve group; wherein the ammonia water absorption power cycle device consists of an evaporator, a turbine regulating valve, and a turbine unit , regenerator, low-pressure absorber, low-pressure ammonia pump, gas-liquid separator, preheater, high-pressure absorber, high-pressure ammonia pump, dilute solution throttle valve and connecting pipelines. The evaporator is equipped with heat source inlet, heat source outlet, working solution inlet and working solution outlet; the regenerator is equipped with working solution inlet and working solution outlet, basic solution inlet and basic solution outlet; Ammonia gas outlet and dilute solution outlet; the low-pressure absorber is divided into a solution cooling absorption section and a cooling water absorption section, the inner channel of the solution cooling absorption section is provided with a basic solution inlet and a basic solution outlet, and the inner channel of the cooling water absorption section is provided with cooling water Inlet and cooling water outlet, the solution cooling and absorption section is arranged above the cooling water absorption section; above the solution cooling and absorption section, there are also dilute solution sprayers and working solution inlets, and the inlet end of the dilute solution sprayer is a low-pressure dilute Solution inlet; the liquid bag at the bottom of the low-pressure absorber is provided with a basic solution outlet; the high-pressure absorber is divided into a high-pressure solution cooling absorption section and a high-pressure cooling water cooling absorption section, and the inner channel of the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section is provided with a working solution inlet and a working solution Outlet, the inner channel of the high-pressure cooling water absorption section is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet; the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section is arranged above the high-pressure cooling water cooling absorption section, and a high-pressure dilute solution is also arranged above the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section Sprayer and ammonia-rich gas inlet, the inlet end of the high-pressure dilute solution sprayer is the dilute solution inlet of the high-pressure absorber; there is a working solution outlet at the bottom liquid bag of the high-pressure absorber; the preheater is a three-stream heat exchanger , with dilute solution inlet and dilute solution outlet, ammonia-rich gas inlet and ammonia-rich gas outlet, working solution inlet and working solution outlet.

The connection relationship of each component is: the outlet of the working solution of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the turbine regulating valve; the outlet of the turbine regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the turbine unit; the outlet of the turbine unit is connected to the inlet of the working solution of the regenerator The working solution outlet of the regenerator is connected to the working solution inlet of the low-pressure absorber; the basic solution outlet of the low-pressure absorber is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure ammonia pump; the outlet of the low-pressure ammonia pump is connected to the basic solution inlet of the solution cooling absorption section of the low-pressure absorber connection; the basic solution outlet of the solution cooling absorption section of the low pressure absorber is connected to the basic solution inlet of the regenerator; the basic solution outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; the ammonia-rich gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the pre- The ammonia-rich gas inlet of the heater is connected; the dilute solution outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the dilute solution inlet of the preheater; the ammonia-rich gas outlet of the preheater is connected with the ammonia-rich gas inlet of the high-pressure absorber; The dilute solution outlet pipeline is divided into 2 routes, one is connected with the dilute solution inlet of the high-pressure absorber, and the other is connected with the inlet of the dilute solution throttle valve, and the outlet of the dilute solution throttle valve is connected with the dilute solution inlet of the low-pressure absorber; The working solution outlet of the absorber is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure ammonia pump, and the outlet of the high-pressure ammonia pump is connected to the working solution inlet of the high-pressure absorber solution cooling absorption section; the working solution outlet of the high-pressure absorber solution cooling absorption section is connected to the working solution of the preheater The solution inlet is connected, and the working solution outlet of the preheater is connected with the working solution inlet of the evaporator.

One end of the solution storage tank is provided with port A and port B, and the other end is provided with port C; the solenoid valve group is composed of solenoid valve A and solenoid valve B; port A of the solution storage tank is connected to the outlet pipeline of the low-pressure ammonia pump through solenoid valve A, The interface B of the solution storage tank is connected to the inlet pipeline of the low-pressure ammonia pump through the solenoid valve B, and the interface C of the solution storage tank is connected to the inlet pipeline of the high-pressure ammonia pump.

Since the working fluid at the connection between interface A and interface B of the solution storage tank and the main circuit is a low-concentration basic component, while the working medium at interface C is a high-concentration working component; these three interfaces are connected to the main circuit The pressure of the working medium is A>C>B; when the solenoid valve A is opened and the solenoid valve B is closed, the solution with a higher concentration in the solution storage tank can be gradually discharged and replaced with a solution with a lower concentration. The concentration of the loop solution increases, thereby increasing the pressure and density, increasing the mass flow rate of the turbine working fluid, and increasing the turbine power; on the contrary, when the solenoid valve B is opened and the solenoid valve A is closed, the solution storage tank can be gradually The solution with a lower concentration in the system is discharged and replaced with a solution with a higher concentration. The concentration of the system solution decreases, so the concentration of the solution in the circulation system will decrease, the pressure will drop, and the mass flow rate of the turbine working fluid will decrease, thereby reducing the turbine power; During steady operation, both solenoid valves are closed. The above adjustments are all power adjustments under the condition that the turbine regulating valve is fully opened, which avoids throttling loss, thus maintaining the high-efficiency operation of the turbine and maximizing the cycle efficiency.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:

① Improved energy conversion efficiency. Since the saturated vapor pressure of the ammonia-water mixture depends on two factors: temperature and concentration, after the temperature of the cold and heat source is determined, the pressure of the evaporator in the system depends on the concentration of the working component of the solution, so adjusting the concentration can be used as a means to adjust the pressure. Adjust power generation. When the heat source flow or temperature changes, the ambient temperature changes or the load changes, the throttling adjustment scheme of the turbine inlet valve usually used has a large throttling loss, and the different working pressures are realized by adjusting the concentration of the working fluid, forming Appropriate volume flow to maintain efficient operation of the turbine is an efficient adjustment method unique to the mixed working medium power cycle that can avoid or reduce throttling loss.

②Because the strength requirements of small and medium power turbines are relatively easy to meet, but due to the complexity of the turbine structure, it is hoped that the turbine of the same size can cover a wider power operating range to achieve serialization, generalization and cost reduction. The measure of variable concentration can just meet this demand.

③ Since waste heat is usually not stored and fuel costs can be ignored, the power regulation strategy of waste heat power generation devices is usually based on the parameters of heat source and cold source to maximize power generation. The turbine efficiency of the ordinary adjustment method drops greatly when the working condition changes, and it is more difficult to adjust the power upward, so it is difficult to achieve this goal efficiently. The present invention can well realize the goal of maximizing power generation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1 Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of ammonia absorption type power cycle device with variable concentration and power adjustment includes ammonia water absorption type power cycle device 1, solution storage tank 2 and solenoid valve group 3; wherein ammonia water absorption type power cycle device 1 is formed by evaporation 1-1, turbine regulating valve 1-2, turbine unit 1-3, regenerator 1-4, low-pressure absorber 1-5, low-pressure ammonia pump 1-6, gas-liquid separator 1-7, pre- Heater 1-8, high-pressure absorber 1-9, high-pressure ammonia pump 1-10, dilute solution throttle valve 1-11 and connecting pipeline; evaporator 1-1 is provided with heat source fluid inlet 1-1-1, heat source Fluid outlet 1-1-2, working solution inlet 1-1-3 and working solution outlet 1-1-4, regenerator 1-4 is provided with working solution inlet 1-4-1 and working solution outlet 1-4- 2. Basic solution inlet 1-4-3 and basic solution outlet 1-4-4, gas-liquid separator 1-7 is equipped with basic solution inlet 1-7-1, ammonia-rich gas outlet 1-7-2 and dilute solution Outlet 1-7-3; characterized in that the low-pressure absorber 1-5 is divided into a solution cooling absorption section 1-51 and a cooling water absorption section 1-52, and the inner channel of the solution cooling absorption section 1-51 is provided with a basic solution inlet 1- 51-1 and basic solution outlet 1-51-2, the inner channel of cooling water absorption section 1-52 is provided with cooling water inlet 1-52-1 and cooling water outlet 1-52-2, solution cooling absorption section 1-51 Arranged above the cooling water absorption section 1-52, a dilute solution sprayer 1-5-3 and a gaseous working solution inlet 1-5-4 are also provided above the solution cooling absorption section 1-51, and the dilute solution is sprayed The inlet end of the device 1-5-3 is the low-pressure absorber dilute solution inlet 1-5-5, the liquid bag at the bottom of the low-pressure absorber 1-5 is provided with the basic solution outlet 1-5-6, and the high-pressure absorber 1-9 Divided into a high-pressure solution cooling absorption section 1-91 and a high-pressure cooling water cooling absorption section 1-92, the inner channel of the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section 1-91 is provided with a working solution inlet 1-91-1 and a working solution outlet 1-91-2 , the inner channel of the high-pressure cooling water absorption section 1-92 is provided with a cooling water inlet 1-92-1 and a cooling water outlet 1-92-2, and the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section 1-91 is arranged in the high-pressure cooling water cooling absorption section 1- 92, above the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section 1-91, there are also high-pressure dilute solution sprayers 1-9-3 and rich ammonia gas inlets 1-9-4, high-pressure dilute solution sprayers 1-9- The inlet end of 3 is the dilute solution inlet 1-9-5 of the high-pressure absorber 1-9, and the liquid bag at the bottom of the high-pressure absorber 1-9 is provided with the working solution outlet 1-9-6; the preheater 1-8 is Three-stream heat exchanger, equipped with dilute solution inlet 1-8-1, dilute solution outlet 1-8-2, rich ammonia gas inlet 1-8-3, ammonia-rich gas outlet 1-8-4, working solution inlet 1 -8-5 and working solution outlet 1-8-6;

The connection relationship of the components of the ammonia water absorption type power cycle device 1 is as follows: the outlet 1-1-4 of the working solution of the evaporator 1-1 is connected to the inlet 1-2-1 of the turbine regulating valve 1-2, and the outlet of the turbine regulating valve 1-2-1 is connected. The outlet 1-2-2 is connected to the inlet 1-3-1 of the turbine unit 1-3, and the outlet 1-3-2 of the turbine unit is connected to the working solution inlet 1-4-1 of the regenerator 1-4, The working solution outlet 1-4-2 of the regenerator is connected with the working solution inlet 1-5-4 of the low-pressure absorber 1-5, and the basic solution outlet 1-5-6 of the low-pressure absorber is connected with the low-pressure ammonia pump 1-6. The inlet 1-6-1 is connected, the outlet 1-6-2 of the low-pressure ammonia pump 1-6 is connected with the basic solution inlet 1-51-1 of the solution cooling absorption section 1-51 of the low-pressure absorber 1-5, and the low-pressure solution is cooled and absorbed The basic solution outlet 1-51-2 of the section 1-51 is connected with the basic solution inlet 1-4-3 of the regenerator, and the basic solution outlet 1-4-4 of the regenerator is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 1-7 1-7-1 connection, the ammonia-rich gas outlet 1-7-2 of the gas-liquid separator 1-7 is connected to the ammonia-rich gas inlet 1-8-3 of the preheater 1-8, and the gas-liquid separator 1-7 The dilute solution outlet 1-7-3 of the preheater is connected with the dilute solution inlet 1-8-1 of the preheater 1-8, and the rich ammonia gas outlet 1-8-4 of the preheater is connected with the rich ammonia gas of the high pressure absorber 1-9 The gas inlet is connected to 1-9-4, and the dilute solution outlet 1-8-2 pipeline of the preheater 1-8 is divided into 2 routes, one of which is connected to the dilute solution inlet 1-9-5 of the high-pressure absorber 1-9, and the other One way is connected with the inlet 1-11-1 of the dilute solution throttle valve 1-11, and the outlet 1-11-2 of the dilute solution throttle valve 1-11 is connected with the dilute solution inlet 1-5-5 of the low-pressure absorber; The working solution outlet 1-9-6 of the absorber 1-9 is connected to the inlet 1-10-1 of the high-pressure ammonia pump 1-10, and the outlet 1-10-2 of the high-pressure ammonia pump 1-10 is connected to the high-pressure absorber 1-9 The working solution inlet 1-91-1 of the solution cooling absorption section 1-91 is connected; the working solution outlet 1-91-2 of the high pressure absorber 1-9 solution cooling absorption section 1-91 is connected with the working solution of the preheater 1-8 The inlet 1-8-5 is connected, and the working solution outlet 1-8-6 of the preheater is connected with the working solution inlet 1-1-3 of the evaporator 1-1;

One end of the solution storage tank 2 is provided with a port A 2-1 and a port B 2-2, and the other end is provided with a port C 2-3; the solenoid valve group 3 is composed of a solenoid valve A 3-1 and a solenoid valve B 3-2; the solution storage tank The interface A 2-1 of the tank 2 is connected with the outlet pipeline of the low-pressure ammonia pump 1-6 through the solenoid valve A 3-1; the interface B 2-2 of the solution storage tank 2 is connected with the low-pressure ammonia pump 1-6 through the solenoid valve B 3-2 6's inlet pipeline connection; the interface C 2-3 of the solution storage tank 2 is connected with the inlet pipeline of the high-pressure ammonia pump 1-10.

The power adjustment process of the ammonia-water power cycle device with variable concentration adjustment power is as follows: when the flow rate of the heat source increases or the temperature rises, or the ambient temperature decreases, the solenoid valve A 3-1 is opened in stages, and the solenoid valve B 3-2 is kept closed , gradually discharge the solution with a higher concentration in the solution storage tank 2 and replace it with a solution with a lower concentration, so the concentration of the solution in the main loop of the circulation system will increase, and the increase in the concentration of the working solution will increase the pressure and density. Larger, increase the mass flow rate of the turbine working fluid, thereby increasing the turbine power; on the contrary, when the flow rate of the heat source becomes smaller or the temperature drops, or when the ambient temperature rises, the solenoid valve B 3-2 is opened in stages, and the solenoid valve A 3-1 Keep it closed, gradually discharge the solution with lower concentration in the solution storage tank 2, and replace it with a solution with a higher concentration, so the concentration of the solution in the main circuit of the circulation system will decrease; the decrease in the concentration of the working solution will reduce the pressure and density Reduce, reduce the mass flow rate of the turbine working fluid, thereby reducing the turbine power; in stable operation, both solenoid valves are closed. The above adjustments are all power adjustments under the condition that the turbine regulating valve 1-2 is fully opened, which avoids or reduces the throttling loss, thus maintaining the high-efficiency operation of the turbine and maximizing the cycle efficiency.

Claims (1)

1. An ammonia water absorption power cycle device with variable concentration and power adjustment for medium and low temperature heat source power recovery and utilization. The principle is to change the working medium at the turbine inlet by changing the concentration of the ammonia water mixed working medium in the ammonia water absorption power cycle device working pressure and density, and then change the mass flow rate of the turbine working medium when the turbine regulating valve is fully open, thereby changing the turbine power, which can reduce or avoid throttling loss and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the circulation system; It is characterized in that it comprises an ammonia absorption type power cycle device (1), a solution storage tank (2) and a solenoid valve group (3); wherein the ammonia water absorption type power cycle device (1) consists of an evaporator (1-1), a turbine Regulating valve (1-2), turbine unit (1-3), regenerator (1-4), low-pressure absorber (1-5), low-pressure ammonia pump (1-6), gas-liquid separator (1 -7), preheater (1-8), high-pressure absorber (1-9), high-pressure ammonia pump (1-10), dilute solution throttle valve (1-11) and connecting pipeline; evaporator (1 -1) There are heat source fluid inlet (1-1-1), heat source fluid outlet (1-1-2), working solution inlet (1-1-3) and working solution outlet (1-1-4), back Heater (1-4) is equipped with working solution inlet (1-4-1) and working solution outlet (1-4-2), basic solution inlet (1-4-3) and basic solution outlet (1-4- 4), the gas-liquid separator (1-7) is provided with a basic solution inlet (1-7-1), an ammonia-rich gas outlet (1-7-2) and a dilute solution outlet (1-7-3); its characteristics Because the low-pressure absorber (1-5) is divided into a solution cooling absorption section (1-51) and a cooling water absorption section (1-52), the inner channel of the solution cooling absorption section (1-51) is provided with a basic solution inlet (1-51) 51-1) and the basic solution outlet (1-51-2), the inner channel of the cooling water absorption section (1-52) is provided with a cooling water inlet (1-52-1) and a cooling water outlet (1-52-2 ), the solution cooling absorption section (1-51) is arranged above the cooling water absorption section (1-52), and a dilute solution sprayer (1-5- 3) and the gaseous working solution inlet (1-5-4), the inlet end of the dilute solution sprayer (1-5-3) is the low pressure absorber dilute solution inlet (1-5-5), and the low pressure absorber ( The liquid bag at the bottom of 1-5) is provided with a basic solution outlet (1-5-6), and the high-pressure absorber (1-9) is divided into a high-pressure solution cooling absorption section (1-91) and a high-pressure cooling water cooling absorption section (1- 92), the inner channel of the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section (1-91) is provided with a working solution inlet (1-91-1) and a working solution outlet (1-91-2), and the high-pressure cooling water absorption section (1-92) The inner channel is provided with cooling water inlet (1-92-1) and cooling water outlet (1-92-2), and the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section (1-91) is arranged in the high-pressure cooling water cooling absorption section (1-92) Above the high-pressure solution cooling absorption section (1-91), there are also high-pressure dilute solution sprayers (1-9-3) and rich ammonia gas inlets (1-9-4), high-pressure dilute solution spray The inlet end of the device (1-9-3) is the dilute solution inlet (1-9-5) of the high-pressure absorber (1-9), and the liquid bag at the bottom of the high-pressure absorber (1-9) is provided with a working solution outlet (1-9-6); the preheater (1-8) is a three-stream heat exchanger with a dilute solution inlet (1-8-1) and a dilute solution outlet (1-8-2), ammonia-rich gas inlet (1-8-3), ammonia-rich gas outlet (1-8-4), working solution inlet (1-8-5) and working solution outlet (1-8 -6); The connection relationship of the components of the ammonia absorption type power cycle device (1) is: the working solution outlet (1-1-4) of the evaporator (1-1) and the inlet (1-2) of the turbine regulating valve (1-2) -1) connection, the outlet (1-2-2) of the turbine control valve is connected to the inlet (1-3-1) of the turbine unit (1-3), and the outlet (1-3-2) of the turbine unit Connect with the working solution inlet (1-4-1) of the regenerator (1-4), the working solution outlet (1-4-2) of the regenerator and the working solution inlet (1-5) of the low-pressure absorber (1-5) 1-5-4) connection, the basic solution outlet (1-5-6) of the low-pressure absorber is connected with the inlet (1-6-1) of the low-pressure ammonia pump (1-6), and the low-pressure ammonia pump (1-6) The outlet (1-6-2) of the low pressure absorber (1-5) is connected with the basic solution inlet (1-51-1) of the solution cooling absorption section (1-51), and the low pressure solution cooling absorption section (1-51) The basic solution outlet (1-51-2) of the regenerator is connected to the basic solution inlet (1-4-3) of the regenerator, and the basic solution outlet (1-4-4) of the regenerator is connected to the gas-liquid separator (1- 7) The inlet (1-7-1) is connected, the ammonia-rich gas outlet (1-7-2) of the gas-liquid separator (1-7) is connected with the ammonia-rich gas inlet (1-7) of the preheater (1-8) -8-3) connection, the dilute solution outlet (1-7-3) of the gas-liquid separator (1-7) is connected with the dilute solution inlet (1-8-1) of the preheater (1-8), and the preheater The rich ammonia gas outlet (1-8-4) of the heater is connected with the rich ammonia gas inlet (1-9-4) of the high-pressure absorber (1-9), and the dilute solution outlet (1-8) of the preheater (1-8) 1-8-2) The pipeline is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with the dilute solution inlet (1-9-5) of the high-pressure absorber (1-9), and the other path is connected with the dilute solution throttle valve (1-11) inlet (1-11-1) connection, the outlet (1-11-2) of the dilute solution throttle valve (1-11) is connected with the dilute solution inlet (1-5-5) of the low pressure absorber; the high pressure absorber (1 -9) the working solution outlet (1-9-6) is connected with the inlet (1-10-1) of the high-pressure ammonia pump (1-10), and the outlet (1-10-2) of the high-pressure ammonia pump (1-10) ) is connected with the working solution inlet (1-91-1) of the high pressure absorber (1-9) solution cooling absorption section (1-91); the high pressure absorber (1-9) solution cooling absorption section (1-91) The working solution outlet (1-91-2) is connected to the working solution inlet (1-8-5) of the preheater (1-8), and the working solution outlet (1-8-6) of the preheater is connected to the evaporator ( 1-1) The working solution inlet (1-1-3) is connected; It is characterized in that one end of the solution storage tank (2) is provided with interface A (2-1) and interface B (2-2), and the other end is provided with interface C (2-3); the electromagnetic valve group (3) is composed of electromagnetic valve A ( 3-1) and electromagnetic valve B (3-2); the interface A (2-1) of the solution storage tank (2) passes through the outlet pipeline of the electromagnetic valve A (3-1) and the low-pressure ammonia pump (1-6) Connection, the interface B (2-2) of the solution storage tank (2) is connected with the inlet pipeline of the low-pressure ammonia pump (1-6) through the solenoid valve B (3-2), and the interface C (2-2) of the solution storage tank (2) -3) Connect with the inlet pipeline of the high-pressure ammonia pump (1-10).

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