CN102337538B - There is the abrasion protection system of Hardness Distribution gradually - Google Patents
There is the abrasion protection system of Hardness Distribution gradually Download PDFInfo
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- CN102337538B CN102337538B CN201110201745.0A CN201110201745A CN102337538B CN 102337538 B CN102337538 B CN 102337538B CN 201110201745 A CN201110201745 A CN 201110201745A CN 102337538 B CN102337538 B CN 102337538B
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001573 adamantine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 100
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007456 delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/343—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one DLC or an amorphous carbon based layer, the layer being doped or not
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/18—Electroplating using modulated, pulsed or reversing current
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
- C25D5/611—Smooth layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/625—Discontinuous layers, e.g. microcracked layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the abrasion protection system of the Hardness Distribution had gradually.The present invention relates to a kind of method of layer system of dry service performance for the manufacture of having improvement.The hard chrome coating that layer system of the present invention has at least one electroplating deposition and the DLC layer (similar adamantine charcoal) be coated on this layer.The invention still further relates to a kind of layer system manufactured according to method of the present invention and the purposes this layer system being used for valve member, the especially coating of gas valve component.
Description
Technical field
This discovery relates to a kind of method of layer system of dry service performance for the manufacture of having improvement.Layer system of the present invention has hard chrome coating and the DLC layer (Diamondlikecarbon, similar adamantine charcoal) be coated on this layer of at least one electroplating deposition.The invention still further relates to a kind of layer system according to the inventive method manufacture and this layer system is used for the purposes of valve member, the especially coating of gas valve component.
Background technology
In machinofacture, device fabrication and instrument manufacturing, wear-resistant layer is subject to the life-span of the component of high loading in prolonged mechanical.Such as a long time, chemically nickel dam or hard chrome coating are used as abrasion protection in these areas with huge success.These layers are coated on component, substrate and the base mateiral that will protect by electrochemical plating.
In order to carry out the life-span of member for prolonging, substrate or base mateiral by wear-resistant layer; attempt on the one hand reducing stress by the alap frictional coefficient of this protective layer at this, and the abrasion of the material under load given in advance can be made again to minimize by the high hardness of protective layer on the other hand.The task of wear-resistant layer especially should reduce the abrasion of base mateiral, and therefore resist base mateiral continue, the distortion of especially abrasiveness.In addition, wear-resistant layer can provide a kind of friction pair (Reibpaarung) being suitable for counterbody, and can prevent from such as invading in the base mateiral of component from the grit in contaminated fuel, and therefore prevents the destruction of such as trim.
With the organic layer of such as anti-friction lacquer on the contrary; the wear-resistant layer of plating fulfils its task during the whole lifetime duration of component, wherein said organic layer unloading phase wear away between components and achieve the perfect equilibrium on the surface also referred to as wearing and tearing body of these components.At this, the wear-resistant layer of plating has the material behavior of the metal that one or more deposit respectively.So far only conditionally, namely by selecting, for the metal of this layer and by change layer thickness or mode of deposition, by these characteristics and specifically to require that summary matches.
When the large difference in hardness of the base mateiral that will protect and wear-resistant layer, so-called eggshell effect may be caused.In the case, hard wear-resistant layer collapses in base mateiral under a load, because there is not the basic hardness being enough to supporting abrasion protective layer in base mateiral.
Except by wear-resistant layer routinely single layer coatings on base mateiral except, be provided with so-called multilayer system for the new development optimizing the characteristic of wear-resistant layer.In the case, two kinds of different schemes are followed in principle.Can be arranged alternately on the one hand soft with hard layer, and on the other hand continuous print changes in hardness is set in wear-resistant layer structure.The latter is also referred to as with different levels abrasion protection layer system.
Such as by electrochemical plating, such as by will the substrate of coating or member transform in different electrolytic baths, the sequence of the wear-resistant layer be made up of differing materials can be generated.If different materials is used for each layer in protective layer sequence of layer, be the mixture manufacturing a kind of firm attachment in this challenge.Another kind of is be coated on base mateiral under the mode of deposition of alternation by the material of wearing layer for constructing the method for multilayer system.Therefore by applying the volts DS as deposition current, such as, chromium can being deposited as hard chrome on the one hand, wherein by applying pulsed current, flawless layers of chrome being deposited on deposited hard chrome coating.
Also knownly such as generate protective layer by the similar process of physical vapor deposition (PVD) or such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD).Nearly all metal and charcoal even can be deposited with very pure form by PVD method.But only can be created on several nanometer economically until thin layer in several micrometer range.In addition, these methods are that cost is very expensive.
For the component by high loading, usually realize abrasion protection by hard chrome coating or similar adamantine layer of charcoal (DLC).But in most of the cases condition is, basis is sufficiently rigid and can bear load, to avoid wear-resistant layer to be pressed in base mateiral and to occur above-mentioned eggshell effect thus.Therefore the suitably hard base mateiral as the steel of sclerosis is usually adopted, such as 100Cr6.
Summary of the invention
Utilization the invention provides a kind of for depositing the method with the layer system of the dry service performance of improvement on the surface of a substrate, and the method at least has following method steps:
-by applying the deposition current electroplating deposition hard chrome coating on the surface of a substrate of pulse;
-by PVD or CVD, DLC layer is coated on the hard chrome coating of electroplating deposition.
By be made up of hard chrome coating and DLC layer according to combination of the present invention, in a layer system, combined the advantageous feature of two layers.The feature of the layer system of deposition like this is their hardness and their outstanding dry service performance.
Both can be individual layer according to the hard chrome coating that the present invention deposits in the first method steps, can be again multilayer system.Following multilayer system is specially suitable: this multilayer system by tiny crack the combination that forms of the hard chrome coating that deposits and the flawless layers of chrome that deposits thereon by applying pulsed current form.
Present approach provides following advantage, namely need not make to want the substrate of coating to stand bothersome pre-treatment, as this is usually when deposited on substrates DLC layer necessity.Therefore need so far bothersome with the grinding step of cost intensive in coating subsequently got out to be equipped with the substrate surface of DLC layer.Can be avoided the pre-treatment of this strengthening of substrate surface by the inventive method, but this optimizes the cost of each workpiece thus.
Before coating DLC layer, by according to electroplating deposition hard chrome coating of the present invention, create additional advantage, namely by electroplated coating process itself, any organic residue and the fine particle even of such as grease or analogue has been eliminated from substrate surface, make on the only rough prewashed substrate after electroplated coating process, provide for the coating subsequently of DLC layer very clean and dry substrate prepared in optimal manner.Therefore can cancel the cleaning section before DLC coating, produce further advantage economically thus.
In addition, the hard chrome coating of electroplating deposition does not propose special requirement for wanting the surface quality of the substrate of coating.But described hard chrome coating describes the surface tissue of substrate usually, the roughness of hard chrome coating is relevant with the character of substrate surface thus.But here can be in an advantageous manner, smooth effect is reached by deposit multilayer system, make the substrate surface obtaining the roughness with optimization in the methods of the invention after the electroplating deposition of hard chrome coating terminates, can in a projecting manner DLC layer be coated on this substrate surface subsequently.
Especially based on agglomerated material or can spray to cast metal (MetalInjectionMolding(spray to cast metal); MIM) new raw material; usually ratio is as more cheap in the conventional material of steel, and in addition more easily processes, but does not often provide enough abrasion protections.Due to the morphology of the inhomogeneity in the surface that it occurs on this material, this raw material or can not just be difficult to the suitable wear-resistant layer of equipment so far.By method of the present invention, these new raw materials can be equipped with multilayer wear protective layer.This opens possibility combined with the wearing character of giving prominence to of DLC layer for the advantage of the manufacturing technology of these novel materials in large industry manufactures.
By method of the present invention and layer system of the present invention, the impact energy be applied on substrate or substrate surface by the mechanical load such as impacted can be compensated by hard chrome coating, makes the small distortion only causing base mateiral.Therefore caused thus the peeling off of eggshell effect caused by this distortion and coated DLC layer is avoided.Reach the significantly higher life-span of wearing layer and therefore substrate even itself thus.
In a kind of expansion scheme of the inventive method, deposition has the hard chrome coating of the layer thickness between 0.5 μm and 300 μm, preferably between 1 μm and 200 μm, more preferably between 3 μm and 50 μm.This layer thickness is suitable for, and provides mechanically sufficiently stable basis, to avoid peeling off of DLC layer under the effect of common mechanical load for coating DLC layer thereon.
In another expansion scheme of the inventive method, in order to electroplating deposition hard chrome coating, adjustment has at 10A/dm
2and 100A/dm
2between, preferably at 20A/dm
2and 80A/dm
2between, more preferably at 25A/dm
2and 60A/dm
2between the deposition current of average current density.
According to another expansion scheme of the inventive method, in order to for electroplating deposition hard chrome coating, preferably adjust the pulse-repetition of the deposition current between 0.1Hz and 1000Hz.
Can specify according to the present invention, adjust current pulse sequence by operating device and therefore adjust along with time transformable electric current, described current pulse sequence has anode on substrate and cathodic current pulse and has the therebetween static interval with the intermittant voltage of zero volt or more volt if desired.
Alternatively or additionally, sequence of voltage pulses can be adjusted by operating device, and therefore electromotive force stably along with the time variably adjusts voltage.The pulse curve of current stabilization of the present invention can exemplarily by improving the suitable pre-treatment of adhesion strength of coating, base mateiral with the waiting time of 0s to 240s through 10 to 30s activationary time with again with the activation of 0s to 20s waiting time and alternately by having 1ms to 10s pulse length and having 10 to 100A/dm respectively
2the actual pulse sequence that the pulse of current density and back pulse form forms, and wherein can select similar parameter for back pulse.These parameters can be changed, to reach with different levels characteristic in layers of chrome deposition.
In a kind of expansion scheme of the inventive method, in order to electroplating deposition hard chrome coating, adjust the ratio of the negative current density/positive current density between 1:1 and 1:10, preferably between 1:2 and 1:5.This means, in this expansion scheme of present method, back pulse has the length between 1/10 to 1/1 of deposition pulse.
Advantageously can reach the adjustment of layers of chrome characteristic by only controlling current course parameter and/or voltage course parameter according to the present invention.At this, can be with or without separately through band and change the electric current/of polarity or voltage control deposits each layers of chrome with desired different qualities.In the case, the layers of chrome pointedly with different structure can be deposited.In this way can on the substrate be made up of quite soft base mateiral, such as first generate by having >=the layer made to the flawless soft chromium of >=700HV hardness of 450HV, and then generations >=700HV extremely≤layers of chrome of the hardness added of 1100HV.
In the preferred expansion scheme of one of the present invention, the DLC layer be deposited on hard chrome coating according to the present invention can have the layer thickness between 1 μm and 10 μm.This layer thickness provides outstanding abrasion protection, and good dry service performance is thereon shown.This is especially for being favourable for such as valve member, the especially application of the inventive method of the coating of gas valve component, because also ensure that the high-effect of valve or valve member under the condition of low friction compound lacking such as oil or grease.
According to the present invention, can by for DLC coating from method well known in the prior art, such as chemical vapour deposition (ChemicalVaporDeposition, CVD), physical vapor deposition (PlasmaVaporDeposition(plasma gas phase deposition), PVD) or similar method, DLC layer is coated on the hard chrome coating of electroplating deposition.
In addition, utilize and present invention illustrates a kind of layer system, this layer system has electroplating deposition the first hard chrome coating on the surface of a substrate and is coated in the DLC layer on the first hard chrome coating, and wherein hard chrome coating has the layer thickness between 0.5 μm and 300 μm.
Layer system of the present invention, as the wear-resistant layer on the different base mateirals of such as steel or agglomerated material even, demonstrates the good weather resistance of outstanding dry service performance and antagonism mechanical load.Especially, layer system of the present invention also demonstrates coated DLC layer and does not peel off or only have very small peeling off under common mechanical load.
In the case, in a kind of expansion scheme of layer system, hard chrome coating can have > 700HV, preferably in >=hardness between 750HV and≤1100HV.
In layer system of the present invention, DLC layer can have the layer thickness between 1 μm and 10 μm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
This place is not limited to by reference to the accompanying drawings to set forth the present invention below by embodiment.At this, indicate identical parts with identical Reference numeral.
Fig. 1 illustrates the constructed profile of the substrate of the chromium protective layer had conventionally.
Fig. 2 illustrates the constructed profile of the substrate of the wear-resistant layer had according to the present invention's coating.
Fig. 3 illustrate have according to the present invention's coating, with the constructed profile of the substrate of the wear-resistant layer of multilayer hard chrome coating.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrate a kind of by prior art, the wear-resistant layer that is made up of the hard chrome coating (2) be deposited on substrate surface (1).The hard chrome coating (2) of electroplating deposition has good mechanical stability.But the dry service performance of this hard chrome coating (2) is not best, to such an extent as to can only this layer be used in the scope as lower member conditionally: as described in component have dry running at the same time, be exposed to corresponding mechanical load when namely lacking low friction compound dangerous.
Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of layer system (3,4) deposited according to the inventive method.After the electrolytic deposition for hard chrome coating is common pre-treatment (such as degrease step), by the deposition current applying pulse, hard chrome coating (3) is deposited on the surface (1) of the substrate of the valve member be such as made up of steel or agglomerated material.At this, pulse length can be changed in mode known in the prior art in ground relevant to substrate or desired layer characteristic.Therefore can at 30A/dm
2average current density when adjust such as 20Hz pulse-repetition for deposition.The layer of deposition like this demonstrates the average layer thickness of 50 μm and the hardness of > 900HV.Optionally rinsing and after drying step, by CVD DLC layer be coated on the hard chrome coating (3) of so acquisition.Will take off from the support being used to electroplating deposition the substrate of coating for this reason, and be transferred in the Goods bearer being applicable to CVD deposition.This preferably automatically, is such as undertaken by suitable industrial robot.So utilize Goods bearer by the transfer substrates of hard chrome coating (3) coating in corresponding CVD equipment, the DLC layer (4) with the average layer thickness of 3 μm will be applied in this CVD equipment.The layer system (3,4) of acquisition like this demonstrates the high-durability and good notch shock weather resistance that prevent abrasiveness from wearing away.In addition, layer system (3,4) demonstrates good dry service performance.
Fig. 3 illustrates a kind of layer system deposited according to the inventive method.After the electrolytic deposition for hard chrome coating is common pre-treatment (such as degrease step), the first layers of chrome (5) is deposited on the surface (1) of the substrate of the valve member be such as made up of steel or agglomerated material.By applying that there is 20A/dm
2the galvanic current of average current density, layers of chrome (5) is deposited until the layer thickness of 30 μm.The layers of chrome of acquisition like this demonstrates the hardness of 500HV.Substrate need not being transformed in other electrolytic solution, now by applying the deposition current of pulse, hard chrome coating (3) being deposited in the layers of chrome of so deposition.At this, pulse length can be changed in mode known in the prior art in ground relevant to substrate or desired hard chrome characteristic.Therefore can at 70A/dm
2average current density when adjust such as 60Hz pulse-repetition for deposition.The layer (3) of deposition like this demonstrates the average layer thickness of 70 μm and the hardness of > 900HV.Optionally rinsing and after drying step, by CVD DLC layer be coated on the hard chrome coating (3) of so acquisition.Will take off from the support being used to electroplating deposition the substrate of coating for this reason, and be transferred in the Goods bearer being applicable to CVD deposition.This preferably automatically, is such as undertaken by suitable industrial robot.So utilize Goods bearer by the transfer substrates of hard chrome coating (3) coating in corresponding CVD equipment, the DLC layer (4) with the average layer thickness of 3 μm will be applied in this CVD equipment.The layer system (3,4) of acquisition like this demonstrates the high-durability and good notch shock weather resistance that prevent abrasiveness from wearing away.In addition, layer system (3,4) demonstrates good dry service performance.
Claims (12)
1., for depositing a method with the layer system of the dry service performance of improvement on the surface of a substrate, at least there is following method steps:
-by applying the deposition current of pulse at the upper electroplating deposition hard chrome coating (3,5) of substrate surface (1);
-by PVD or CVD, DLC layer (4) is coated on the hard chrome coating of electroplating deposition,
Wherein said hard chrome coating (3,5) is by the multilayer system formed to least two layers, wherein first above generates at substrate surface (1) the first layers of chrome (5) of being made up of soft chromium and then generates the second layers of chrome (3) adding hardness
The deposition current of-wherein said pulse has current pulse sequence, and described current pulse sequence has anode on substrate and cathodic current pulse and has the therebetween static interval with the intermittant voltage of zero volt or more volt.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein deposition has the hard chrome coating (3,5) of the layer thickness between 0.5 μm and 300 μm.
3., according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein in order to hard chrome coating described in electroplating deposition (3,5), adjustment has at 10A/dm
2and 100A/dm
2between the deposition current of average current density.
4., according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein in order to the second layers of chrome (3) described in electroplating deposition, adjust the pulse-repetition of the deposition current between 0.1Hz and 1000Hz.
5., according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein in order to the second layers of chrome (3) described in electroplating deposition, adjust the ratio of the negative current density/positive current density between 1:1 and 1:10.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein adjusts the ratio of the negative current density/positive current density between 1:2 and 1:5.
7. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein settled layer system on the metal surface.
8. the layer system that manufactures according to the method for one of claim 1 to 7 of a basis, there is the hard chrome coating (3 of electroplating deposition on substrate surface (1), 5) and be coated in described hard chrome coating (3,5) DLC layer (4) on, wherein said hard chrome coating (3,5) there is the layer thickness between 0.5 μm and 300 μm, wherein said hard chrome coating (3,5) be by the multilayer system formed to least two layers, the first layers of chrome (5) be wherein made up of soft chromium is positioned at upper and the second layers of chrome (3) adding hardness of substrate surface (1) and is positioned on described first layers of chrome (5)
Wherein said first layers of chrome (5) has the hardness of > 700HV and described second layers of chrome (3) has the hardness of > 900HV.
9. layer system according to claim 8, wherein said first layers of chrome (5) has in >=hardness between 750HV and≤1100HV.
10. the layer system of according to Claim 8 or 9, wherein said DLC layer (4) has the layer thickness between 1 μm and 10 μm.
The layer system of one of 11. 1 kinds of according to Claim 8 to 10 is used for the purposes of the coating of valve member.
12. purposes according to claim 11, wherein said valve member comprises gas valve component.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010031539.7 | 2010-07-20 | ||
| DE102010031539A DE102010031539A1 (en) | 2010-07-20 | 2010-07-20 | Depositing a layer system with enhanced unlubricated operation properties on a substrate surface, useful for coating gas valve components, comprises e.g. electrodepositing a layer of hard chrome on a substrate surface |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102337538A CN102337538A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| CN102337538B true CN102337538B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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| CN201110201745.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102337538B (en) | 2010-07-20 | 2011-07-19 | There is the abrasion protection system of Hardness Distribution gradually |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102337538B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010031539A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2963025A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITMI20111300A1 (en) |
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| DE102013009328A1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-04 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Method for the combined surface treatment of components made of lightweight materials |
| DE102017205028A1 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Wear-resistant coated metallic component consisting of this component assembly |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101501813A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2009-08-05 | 科里普瑟维斯赛尔公司 | Process and apparatus for the modification of surfaces |
| JP2010070877A (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-04-02 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | Drawing roll |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101418458A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-04-29 | 娄底市中兴液压件有限公司 | Double layer chromium electroplating processing process for conveying cylinder |
-
2010
- 2010-07-20 DE DE102010031539A patent/DE102010031539A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-07-13 IT IT001300A patent/ITMI20111300A1/en unknown
- 2011-07-18 FR FR1156486A patent/FR2963025A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101501813A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2009-08-05 | 科里普瑟维斯赛尔公司 | Process and apparatus for the modification of surfaces |
| JP2010070877A (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-04-02 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | Drawing roll |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 脉冲电镀铬的研究现状与展望;冯辉 等;《电镀与精饰》;20100131;第32卷(第1期);第20-23页 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2963025A1 (en) | 2012-01-27 |
| ITMI20111300A1 (en) | 2012-01-21 |
| CN102337538A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| DE102010031539A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
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