CN102337156A - Method and device for preparing pulping black liquor semi-cokes with high carbon content - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing pulping black liquor semi-cokes with high carbon content Download PDFInfo
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- CN102337156A CN102337156A CN2011102570646A CN201110257064A CN102337156A CN 102337156 A CN102337156 A CN 102337156A CN 2011102570646 A CN2011102570646 A CN 2011102570646A CN 201110257064 A CN201110257064 A CN 201110257064A CN 102337156 A CN102337156 A CN 102337156A
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- black liquor
- fire grate
- vapourizing furnace
- cokes
- feed bin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device for preparing black liquor semi-cokes with high carbon content. The method comprises the steps of: spraying thick black liquor with the content of solids above 54 percent into a fire box of a preheated gasification furnace from the top through an air or oxygen-enriched gas atomizing burner nozzle; forming semi-cokes after drying and partially burning the black liquor, falling onto a fire grate at the bottom of the gasification furnace, and falling into a discharge bin through the fire grate; inputting a direct causticizing agent into the discharge bin to be mixed with the semi-cokes; leading out all gas-phase products from the bottom of the fire grate into a cyclone separator; and discharging separated solid particles and the semi-cokes out of a reaction system. According to the device provided by the invention, the main body is the gasification furnace which operates at middle and low temperature of approximate 800 DEG C and discharges solid slag, special refractory materials and steel materials are not required, and the generated semi-cokes with high carbon content can be used for a gasification furnace at the next level. According to the invention, no melt phase exists in the furnace, the carbon conversion rate is not high due to lower temperature and shorter retention time, and the generated semi-cokes and gas and the mixed direct causticizing agent are conveyed to downstream equipment to be continuously treated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to black liquor of pulp making alkali recovery technology field, specifically, is a kind of high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method and device thereof.
Technical background
The black liquor treatment facility that pulp industry is commonly used is the alkali recovery boiler, because the investment of alkali recovery boiler is big, scale effect is remarkable, some medium and small slurrying enterprises do not dispose, and often become the bottleneck that slurrying enterprise enhances production capacities yet.Over nearly 30 years, alkali recovery boiler substitute technology is attempted to develop by some companies and research institution both at home and abroad, and wherein the black liquor gasification technology is considered to more promising replacement scheme.The black liquor gasification technology generally is divided into low temperature gasification and high-temperature gasification, and the former adopts fluidized-bed process more, and operating temperature generally is lower than 700 ℃; The latter generally adopts air flow bed technology, and operating temperature generally is higher than 900 ℃.
U.S. Pat 7842110 has provided the technology of a cover black liquor low temperature steam gasification.The core of this technology is a bubbling fluidized bed, with superheated vapour as fluidizing medium and vaporized chemical.Spissated black liquor is sprayed at the bed material equably and is gone up generation rapid drying and pyrolysis, and remaining semicoke is by the concurrent angerization reaction of steam fluidisation, and the residence time of solid materials in stove generally needs about 20 hours.One of advantage that this is technological is that pulping chemical has been guaranteed security with recovered in solid form.In order to guarantee the fluidized-bed trouble-free operation, gasifier temperature must keep lower (about 610 ℃) so that the unlikely fusion of black liquor inorganics, and gasification institute heat requirement is provided by a kind of indirect heating apparatus of particular design.Spray into black liquor generation rapid drying pyrolysis in the stove and be the hit pay dirk crucial part of operation of fluidized-bed that this technology adopts, yet lower thermograde has limited rate of heat transfer, adds that the higher tack of black liquor makes operation have big difficulty.
The typical process of high-temperature gasification is shown in U.S. Pat 6790246.Black liquor is sprayed into reactor drum together with air in certain amount or oxygen from furnace roof, and the heat of generation is enough to keep the high temperature more than 900 ℃, and the then separated back of the particle of generation or melts is dissolved in the bottom of reactor drum and formed green liquor in the water.Compare above-mentioned low temperature gasification technology, this kind high-temperature gasification technique has very big raising on the organic carbon gasification rate.High-temperature molten is a major challenge that this technology faces to the corrosion of reactor linings, to having relatively high expectations of refractory materials.
Canadian Patent CA1193406 has provided a kind of direct causticizing process black liquor treatment technology.As direct causticizing agent, carry out decarbonation reaction (being direct causticizing reaction) with red stone or titanium oxide, generate sodium ferrite or the sodium titanate and the saltcake of solid state with black-liquor combustion product yellow soda ash.The maximum characteristics of this method are that chemical no longer reclaims with molten state, and operating temperature can keep higher.The device that this patent provides still haves much room for improvement, and does not see the report of the direct causticization technology of titanate successful operation up to now.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the various advantages of comprehensive prior art, overcome its shortcoming, a kind of high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method and device thereof are provided.Present method is not pursued the maximization of efficiency of carbon conversion, and only hopes to reach the purpose of the dry also partial combustion of concentrated black liquid being produced the high carbon content semicoke.This kind black liquid semi-coke is a kind of crisp, solid mixture with better flowability, and tentatively mixes with direct causticizing agent titanate.The blended solid powder of this black liquid semi-coke and titanate will be applicable to for example fluidized-bed of more common vapourizing furnace; Also can be applicable to kiln-gas gasifier; In these vapourizing furnaces, because the existence of titanate, the black liquor inorganics still can keep solid state under near 900 ℃ high temperature; Thereby eliminated the melts corrosive nature, and the technical barrier that this effect is a high-temperature gasification technique to be faced.Another vital role of titanate is in above-mentioned these vapourizing furnaces, directly black liquor inorganics yellow soda ash to be removed carbonic acid gas and forms for example 4Na of another kind of titanate
2O5TiO
2, but do not pursue this result in the present invention, and only need titanate tentatively to mix and utilize waste heat with black liquid semi-coke.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme below the present invention has taked:
High carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) solid content at the concentrated black liquid more than 54% by air or oxygen rich gas as atomizing and gasifying medium; Spray into from the top the vapourizing furnace burner hearth of preheating through atomization burner; Control atomization burner the sprinkling angle so that black liquor can not be sprayed onto on the furnace wall, but said vapourizing furnace inner lining refractory; Black liquor can be sulfate liquor, also can be the soda processes black liquor, and mostly latter's pulping raw material is wheat straw, and this black liquor adopts traditional alkali stove to reclaim and compares the former comparatively difficulty; 350 ± 50 ℃ of said air or oxygen rich gas preheating temperature scopes, 100 ± 5 ℃ of black liquor preheating temperature scopes, 780 ± 20 ℃ of burner hearth preheating and operating temperatures;
2) black liquor sprays into the burner hearth pyrolytic gasification soon of heat, comprises evaporation, devolatilization, partial combustion, and said fugitive constituent mainly comprises inflammable gas such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, other a small amount of low-carbon (LC) hydro carbons; And carbonic acid gas and tar; It is main with said fugitive constituent that the incendiary material takes place, because bubbling air or amount of oxygen are less, the organic solid product combustion share of black liquor pyrolytic gasification seldom; Become the semicoke product of high carbon content; With organic carbon and sodium salt is main ingredient, and said semicoke is fallen on the fire grate that is positioned at the vapourizing furnace burner hearth bottom and formed bed course, and bed course gets into through fire grate and unloads in the feed bin;
3) bed course is exported continuously to get into through fire grate and is unloaded in the feed bin with control bed course height, and the bed course temperature is advisable with 700 ± 50 ℃, in order to avoid ooze out melts;
4) directly causticizing agent is input to unload in the feed bin in the fire grate bottom and mixes with semicoke, reaches that mixings, semicoke are cooled off, self temperature improves triple purposes, and direct causticizing agent can be titanium oxide or sodium trititanate.Directly the input of causticizing agent is to generate 4Na
2O5TiO
2Be the stoichiometry foundation.
The present invention can also may further comprise the steps:
5) it is descending and drawn and get into the solid particulate that separator carries with separation from unloading feed bin that the gas that produces in the vapourizing furnace passes fire grate; The solid that separator separates is come out merges output with the material that unloads on the fire grate in the feed bin; Gas is extracted system out by induced draft fan.
The present invention also provides a kind of gasification installation of realizing aforesaid method.Main body is the round shape vapourizing furnace, and inner lining refractory is characterized in that: the vapourizing furnace end socket adopts spherical cap structure, same inner lining refractory, and burner is installed on the axial top of vapourizing furnace, and the sprinkling angle of control burner is not so that black liquor can be sprayed onto on the vapourizing furnace furnace wall; The vapourizing furnace bottom is provided with fire grate, and for unloading feed bin, the material on the fire grate can unload in the feed bin under the fire grate, unloads in the feed bin mechanical whipped-up structure can be installed; Directly the causticizing agent import is positioned at the wall place of unloading feed bin; The vapourizing furnace outlet at bottom connects conveying belt.
It is following that apparatus of the present invention can be done further improvement: unload the bin wall face and be provided with pneumatic outlet, pneumatic outlet is communicated with cyclonic separator through pipeline and separates, cyclonic separator the solid particulate outlet connect and the same conveying belt of fire grate through dipleg down.
Principal feature of the present invention is not have the fusion phase in the stove; Because temperature is lower, the residence time is shorter; So efficiency of carbon conversion is not high; The semicoke that produces, gas will be transported to upstream device together with the direct causticizing agent of sneaking into to be continued to handle, and directly causticizing agent is at this rare chemical reaction, only for reaching the purpose of preliminary mixing, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for realizing apparatus of the present invention sketch
Description of reference numerals: air admission pipeline 1, black liquor gets into pipeline 2, burner 3, vapourizing furnace 4, bed course 5, fire grate 6, feeding screw 7 unloads feed bin 8, following dipleg 9, worm conveyor 10, outlet pipe 11, outlet pipe 12, cyclonic separator 13, induced draft fan 14.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done detailed explanation:
For realizing technical scheme of the present invention, adopt gasification installation as shown in Figure 1.Device main body is a columnar vapourizing furnace 4, and its top center line position is equipped with burner 3, and air admission pipeline 1 gets into pipeline 2 with black liquor and is communicated with burner; Atomizing and gasification medium air or oxygen rich gas carry black liquor and spray into the burner hearth of vapourizing furnace 4 and a series of variations such as drying, devolatilization, partial combustion take place from burner 3; The high carbon content semicoke that produces finally drops on the so-called bed course 5 of fire grate 6 tops, and the design of burner 3 sprinkling angles guarantees that the black liquor drop can not spray on the inboard wall of burner hearth of vapourizing furnace 4; Described fire grate 6 adopts a kind of discaling roll engaging structure, and with moving some other the driven discaling rolls of a driving tooth roller strap, the quantity of driven discaling roll is according to discaling roll external diameter and the decision of burner hearth internal diameter, and the discaling roll main body adopts the heat resisting iron casting, and bearing adopts water-cooling structure; The height of the rotating speed control bed course through regulating discaling roll unloads feed bin 8 along with the rotation part semicoke of discaling roll falls into; Feeding screw 7 is connected in the wall that unloads feed bin 8, and said direct causticizing agent also is that titanium oxide or sodium trititanate mix with the red-hot semicoke product that fire grate 6 falls in this input; Unload in the feed bin 8 mechanical whipped-up structure can be installed, the blended solid particle of semicoke product and direct causticizing agent is by worm conveyor 10 output-response systems; The gas that produces in the vapourizing furnace 4 gets into cyclonic separators 13 through the pipeline 11 that is connected in the fire grate below, unloads bin wall face place pneumatic outlet; Cyclonic separator 13 sedimented particles get into worm conveyors 10 through following dipleg 9 and together export with unloading the material that feed bin 8 falls, and gas is drawn reactive system by induced draft fan 14 through pipeline 12.
Said vapourizing furnace 4 furnace wall steel plates, liner and fire grate 6 all need not adopt exotic materials, and the Q235 steel plate can be adopted in the furnace wall, and liner can adopt schamotte brick, and discaling roll fire grate 6 main bodys can be used heat resisting iron, discaling roll bearing circulating water cooling capable of using.Manufacturing and designing of burner 3 can be selected to have accumulated a large amount of experiences both at home and abroad at configuration and material with reference to coal water slurry gasification.
One cover treatment capacity is 120tds/d (ton solid substance/sky) sulfate liquor gasification system.Black liquor solid content 62%, carbon content 32.42% in the solid substance, hydrogen richness 5.89%, nitrogen content 0.09%, oxygen level 38.91%, sulphur content 3.17%, sodium content 16.90%, other adds up to 2.62%, and solid substance amounts to 100%, is the quality percentage composition.Over dry solid substance Lower heat value 12.31MJ/kg.Input: concentrated black liquid mass flow rate 8065kg/h, 100 ℃ of temperature; Sodium trititanate (chemical formula Na
2O3TiO
2) 3963kg/h, 100 ℃ of temperature; Air 4231Nm
3/ h, 350 ℃ of temperature, theoretical air requirement 16305Nm
3/ h, equivalence ratio 0.26 is equivalent to gasify.800 ℃ of the average operating temperatures of vapourizing furnace are ignored the body of heater heat lost by radiation.Output: semicoke 2929kg/h, over dry Lower heat value 12.5MJ/kg accounts for the semicoke mass percent with fixed carbon and calculates, and its numerical value is carbon generally at 32-39% more than 90% in the combustibleconstituents, and other is mainly hydrogen; Water vapour 3823kg/h contains vaporize water and produces water with burning; Carbonic acid gas 1736kg/h; Nitrogen 3894kg/h; Sodium trititanate 3963kg/h.Input adds up to 17105kg/h, and output adds up to 16345kg/h, and of poor quality is compositions such as a small amount of inflammable gas and tar.If with titanium oxide is that the then corresponding mass flow rate of direct causticizing agent is 1837kg/h.
Still undertaken as atomizing and gasifying medium with pure oxygen or oxygen enrichment, need air replaced with corresponding oxygen and change flow in proportion, no longer repeat at this by the foregoing description.
One cover treatment capacity is 120tds/d (ton solid substance/sky) wheat straw soda method black liquor gasification system.Black liquor solid content 55%, carbon content 31.84% in the solid substance, hydrogen richness 5.00%, nitrogen content 0.31%, oxygen level 36.67%, sulphur content 0.18%, sodium content 17.50%, other adds up to 8.5%, and solid substance amounts to 100%, is the quality percentage composition.Over dry solid substance Lower heat value 11.5MJ/kg.Input: concentrated black liquid mass flow rate 9091kg/h, 100 ℃ of temperature; Sodium trititanate (chemical formula Na
2O3TiO
2) 4103kg/h, 100 ℃ of temperature; Air 5288Nm
3/ h, 350 ℃ of temperature, theoretical air requirement 14731Nm
3/ h, equivalence ratio 0.36 is equivalent to gasify.800 ℃ of the average operating temperatures of vapourizing furnace are ignored the body of heater heat lost by radiation.Output: semicoke 2810kg/h; Water vapour 4850kg/h; Carbonic acid gas 2173kg/h; Nitrogen 4867kg/h; Sodium trititanate 4103kg/h.Input adds up to 19540kg/h, and output adds up to 18803kg/h, and of poor quality is compositions such as a small amount of inflammable gas and tar.If with titanium oxide is that the then corresponding mass flow rate of direct causticizing agent is 1902kg/h.
Claims (9)
1. high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) solid content at the concentrated black liquid more than 54% by air or oxygen rich gas as atomizing and gasifying medium; Spray into from the top the vapourizing furnace burner hearth of preheating through atomization burner; 350 ± 50 ℃ of air or oxygen rich gas preheating temperature scopes; 100 ± 5 ℃ of black liquor preheating temperature scopes, 780 ± 20 ℃ of burner hearth preheating and operating temperatures;
2) black liquor sprays into the vapourizing furnace burner hearth becomes the semicoke product behind pyrolytic gasification, said semicoke is fallen on the fire grate that is positioned at the vapourizing furnace burner hearth bottom and formed bed course;
3) bed course is exported continuously to get into through fire grate and is unloaded in the feed bin with control bed course height;
4) direct causticizing agent is input to unload in the feed bin in the fire grate bottom and mixes with semicoke, and through transfer roller output.
2. high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
5) it is descending and drawn and get into separator to isolate the solid particulate that carries from unloading feed bin that the gas that produces in the vapourizing furnace passes fire grate; The solid that separator separates is come out merges output with the material that unloads on the fire grate in the feed bin.
3. high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step 1) control atomization burner the sprinkling angle so that black liquor can not be sprayed onto on the vapourizing furnace furnace wall.
4. high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said bed course temperature is controlled at 700 ± 50 ℃.
5. high carbon content black liquor of pulp making semicoke preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said direct causticizing agent is titanium oxide or sodium trititanate.
6. gasification installation of realizing the said method of claim 1; Main body is the round shape vapourizing furnace; Inner lining refractory is characterized in that: the vapourizing furnace end socket adopts spherical cap structure, same inner lining refractory; Burner is installed on the axial top of vapourizing furnace, and the sprinkling angle of control burner is not so that black liquor can be sprayed onto on the vapourizing furnace furnace wall; The vapourizing furnace bottom is provided with fire grate, and for unloading feed bin, the material on the fire grate can unload in the feed bin under the fire grate; Directly the causticizing agent import is positioned at the wall place of unloading feed bin; The vapourizing furnace outlet at bottom connects transfer roller.
7. gasification installation as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that: unload the bin wall face and be provided with pneumatic outlet; Pneumatic outlet is communicated with cyclonic separator through pipeline and separates, cyclonic separator the solid particulate outlet be connected in the same transfer roller in vapourizing furnace bottom through dipleg down.
8. gasification installation as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described fire grate adopts the discaling roll engaging structure, with moving some other the driven discaling rolls of a driving tooth roller strap.
9. gasification installation as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: unload mechanical whipped-up structure is installed in the feed bin.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103879962A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-06-25 | 广西大学 | Micro-negative-pressure black liquor gasifier |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1193406A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1985-09-17 | Domtar Inc. | Process to regenerate kraft liquor |
CN101831827A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Preparation method of paper making black liquid semi-coke |
CN101845766A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-29 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for gasifying pulping black liquor and reclaiming directly causticized alkali |
-
2011
- 2011-09-01 CN CN2011102570646A patent/CN102337156A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1193406A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1985-09-17 | Domtar Inc. | Process to regenerate kraft liquor |
CN101831827A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Preparation method of paper making black liquid semi-coke |
CN101845766A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-29 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for gasifying pulping black liquor and reclaiming directly causticized alkali |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103879962A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-06-25 | 广西大学 | Micro-negative-pressure black liquor gasifier |
CN103879962B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-02-17 | 广西大学 | Tiny structure black liquor gasification stove |
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Application publication date: 20120201 |