CN102335745B - Method for preparing disposable minimally invasive surgical scissor blades - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing disposable minimally invasive surgical scissor blades, which comprises the following steps of: mixing a stainless steel powder substrate material and a binder, pelletizing to obtain uniform feed, injecting the feed by a powder injection molding technology to obtain an injection blank of the scissor blades, removing the binder by a degreasing process,sintering the degreased blank, and performing heat treatment strengthening to obtain disposable minimally invasive surgical scissor blade products. The minimally invasive surgical scissor blades are prepared by the powder injection molding technology, shapes can be formed at one time, a process for mass production through a mold is adopted, the automation degree, performance and yield are high, subsequent processing is not needed, the utilization rate of raw materials is high, and cost is low, so that one-time popularization of minimally invasive surgical scissors can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of shear blade, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade.
Background technology
Minimally invasive medical is through the hole skin road by a human body natural hole road or keyhole size, excision diseased region or repair damagedly under the display visual field will and not have under the situation of sense of touch safety separate, shear, stop blooding, sew up and some special operationals at two dimensional surface.Compare with traditional operation, minimally-invasive treatment has great advantage, and it is short to be mainly reflected in the operating time, and is little to patient's wound, scar is little, and the postoperative misery is little, recover fast, safe.Although Minimally Invasive Surgery just came out in 1989, become the leading trend of operation.Developed country all popularizes, and also oneself carries out in major part hospital above county level in China.
Minimally Invasive Surgery is cut---and as the important implementation tool in the Minimally Invasive Surgery, finish shearing, cutting to tissue in operation, it is in great demand, and particularly the demand of its critical component shear blade is very big.At present, the domestic operating scissors major part of using is import and reusable, its import price costliness, and disinfecting process is loaded down with trivial details, and exists because repeated use may bring the hidden danger of cross-infection; And homemade operating scissors, its critical component shear blade uses traditional machined preparation, but because the hardness height of shear blade, complex-shaped, so processing difficulties, follow-up processing is loaded down with trivial details, thus its preparation cost height, length consuming time can't carry out large batch of production.
And along with the requirements at the higher level of people to health, Minimally Invasive Surgery will be popularized comprehensively, and will become inexorable trend with disposable popularization that the Minimally Invasive Surgery that tissue directly contacts is cut in the operation, certainly will exist common technology of preparing can't satisfy the contradiction of demand in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automaticity height, output is big, need not following process, utilization rate of raw materials height, the preparation method of the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade that cost is low.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; the preparation method of disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade provided by the invention; stainless steel base material powder and binding agent are obtained even feeding through mixing, granulation; adopt the powder injection forming technology then; finish the injection of feeding; acquisition is at the injection base of shear blade; through degreasing process binding agent is deviate from then; and the base substrate after the degreasing carried out sintering; obtain disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade product thereby finally heat-treat to strengthen, it is characterized in that: comprise that step is as follows:
The selection of a, stainless steel base material powder: choose 17-4PH or 440C stainless steel as matrix material, select average grain diameter less than the spherical powder of 10 μ m;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 10～50%, vegetable oil 5～25%, polyethylene 15～35%, plasticizer 1～10%, paraffin 15～50% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 1～2 hour under 140 ℃～190 ℃ temperature;
The preparation of c, feeding: stainless steel base material powder and binding agent are carried out mixing, the acquisition mobile performance of granulating good homogeneous feeding, binding agent and stainless steel base material powder join feeding in the shared volume ratio scope of binding agent be 40%～60%, place batch mixer under 140 ℃～190 ℃ temperature, to mix 1.5～3h matrix material powder and binding agent feeding;
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 145 ℃～195 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 60Mpa～120MPa, injection speed 1～3cm
3/ s adopts TOP-TIP, under 80 ℃～130 ℃ conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 250～300 ℃ of insulations 1～2 hour with 9～11 ℃/min speed, 4～6 ℃/min speed is heated to 350～420 ℃ of insulations 1～2 hour, is heated to 720～750 ℃ with the speed of 13～17 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing;
F, sintering: blank is carried out sintering in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is less than 10
-1Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begin to heat up to malleation, adopt two sections heating rates: be warming up to 600～650 ℃ with 4～6 ℃/min of slow heating rate earlier, fast 9～11 ℃/min of heating rate rises to 1250 ℃～1380 ℃ of sintering temperatures then, be incubated 3～5 hours, cool to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: blank is heated to 1030 ℃～1080 ℃ insulations 0.5～1 hour in vacuum drying oven, cooled to 450 ℃～500 ℃ timeliness again 4～5 hours, the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade that can obtain.
Adopt the preparation method of the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of technique scheme, the composition of stainless steel is designed to key, on the one hand, the material of selection will satisfy the performance requirement of product, and performance mainly refers to its biocompatibility, hardness, decay resistance etc.On the other hand, this material must have good sintering character.The shear blade of pairing is combined with very high requirement to cutting edge, and this just necessarily requires the deflection of final products very little.In above-mentioned technical process, the technological parameter of each link all will exert an influence to the distortion of final products.In order to guarantee the high accuracy of product, need to optimize each technological parameter, therefore in injection forming process, need the control injection parameters, to obtain good injection base; In degreasing process, should note controlling degreasing speed, under the different technical parameters, degreasing speed difference.Degreasing is too fast, causes defectives such as base substrate occurs being out of shape, comes off, crackle easily.In sintering process, should note heating rate, sintering temperature avoids base substrate distortion, defectives such as crackle to occur.In heat treatment step, should note heat treatment temperature and temperature retention time, to obtain high hardness and intensity.Therefore, optimizing technological parameter is the key that obtains the premium properties product.
The present invention adopts the powder injection forming technology to prepare disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade, and the shape that can once-forming goes out to have adopts the technology of mould volume production, the automaticity height, and output is big, need not following process, the utilization rate of raw materials height, cost is low.The present invention adopts superfines, guarantees sintered density and surface smoothness.The present invention causes the problem of not filling with easily by selecting for use superfines and novel bonding agent prescription to solve the weak cutting edge of shear blade district in injection process, guarantee the good shear effect of shear blade.The present invention adopts a whole set of optimized parameters, and the deflection that can guarantee shear blade is in ± 0.02mm, to satisfy the high-precision requirement of shear blade pairing.
Be total to the above-mentioned advantage of injection molding technology based on metal dust; the present invention utilizes this technical method to obtain disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade; the principle of this technology is that powder of stainless steel matrix material and binding agent are obtained even feeding through mixing, granulation; adopt the powder injection forming technology then; finish the injection of feeding; obtain the injection base of shear blade; through degreasing process binding agent is deviate from then; and the base substrate after the degreasing carried out sintering, obtain disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade product thereby finally heat-treat to strengthen.
In sum, the present invention adopts the powder injection forming technology to prepare the Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade, the shape that can once-forming goes out to have adopts the technology of mould volume production, automaticity height, performance is good, output is big, need not following process, the utilization rate of raw materials height, cost is low, thereby can realize the disposable popularization that Minimally Invasive Surgery is cut.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram after the assembling of pairing shear blade.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
A, be that the spherical powder of 17-4PH stainless steel of 8 μ m is raw material with average grain diameter, prepare disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 30%, vegetable oil 5%, polyethylene 35%, plasticizer 5%, paraffin 25% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 1 h under 150 ℃ of temperature;
The preparation of c, feeding: the spherical powder of binding agent and 17-4PH stainless steel according to volume ratio be 50% in batch mixer under 180 ℃ of temperature mixing 2h;
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 185 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 90MPa, injection speed 2cm
3/ s under 110 ℃ of conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 300 ℃ of insulations 2 hours with 10 ℃/min speed, 5 ℃/min speed is heated to 420 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, is heated to 720 ℃ with the speed of 15 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
F, sintering: blank is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is 10
-3Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begins to heat up to malleation, adopts two sections heating rates: 4 ℃ of earlier slow heating rates/min to 650 ℃, 10 ℃/min of heating rate is incubated 2.5 h to 1350 ℃ of sintering temperatures soon then, cools to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: be heated to 1040 ℃ of insulation solid solutions 1 hour in vacuum drying oven, cooled to 450 ℃ of timeliness again 4 hours, i.e. the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of availability excellence is referring to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2:
A, be that the spherical powder of 440C stainless steel of 8 μ m is the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of feedstock production with average grain diameter;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 30%, vegetable oil 10%, polyethylene 30%, plasticizer 5%, paraffin 20% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 1.5 h under 180 ℃ of temperature;
C, batching: the spherical powder of binding agent and 440C stainless steel is that 55% ratio obtains feeding according to volume ratio, then in batch mixer under 185 ℃ of temperature mixing 2h.
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 185 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 80MPa, injection speed 2cm
3/ s under 100 ℃ of conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 300 ℃ of insulations 1.5 hours with 10 ℃/min speed, 5 ℃/min speed is heated to 420 ℃ of insulations 1 hour, is heated to 720 ℃ with the speed of 15 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
F, sintering: blank is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is 10
-3Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begins to heat up to malleation, adopts two sections heating rates: 4 ℃ of earlier slow heating rates/min to 650 ℃, 10 ℃/min of heating rate is incubated 4 h to 1330 ℃ of sintering temperatures soon then, cools to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: be heated to 1050 ℃ of insulations 0.5 hour in vacuum drying oven, cool to 450 ℃ of insulations 4.5 hours again, i.e. the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of availability excellence is referring to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 3:
A, be that the spherical powder of 17-4PH stainless steel of 9 μ m is raw material with average grain diameter, prepare disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 10%, vegetable oil 25%, polyethylene 35%, plasticizer 10%, paraffin 20% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 2 h under 140 ℃ of temperature;
The preparation of c, feeding: the spherical powder of binding agent and 17-4PH stainless steel according to volume ratio be 40% in batch mixer under 140 ℃ of temperature mixing 3h;
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 145 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 120MPa, injection speed 3cm
3/ s under 80 ℃ of conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 280 ℃ of insulations 1 hour with 9 ℃/min speed, 4 ℃/min speed is heated to 420 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, is heated to 720 ℃ with the speed of 15 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
F, sintering: blank is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is 10
-3Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begins to heat up to malleation, adopts two sections heating rates: 4 ℃ of earlier slow heating rates/min to 650 ℃, 10 ℃/min of heating rate is incubated 5 h to 1250 ℃ of sintering temperatures soon then, cools to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: be heated to 1030 ℃ of insulation solid solutions 1 hour in vacuum drying oven, cooled to 450 ℃ of timeliness again 5 hours, i.e. the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of availability excellence is referring to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 4:
A, be that the spherical powder of 440C stainless steel of 10 μ m is the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of feedstock production with average grain diameter;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 50%, vegetable oil 19%, polyethylene 15%, plasticizer 1%, paraffin 15% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 1 h under 190 ℃ of temperature;
C, batching: the spherical powder of binding agent and 440C stainless steel is that 40% ratio obtains feeding according to volume ratio, then in batch mixer under 190 ℃ of temperature mixing 2h.
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 195 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 100MPa, injection speed 2cm
3/ s under 90 ℃ of conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 280 ℃ of insulations 1.5 hours with 11 ℃/min speed, 5 ℃/min speed is heated to 420 ℃ of insulations 1 hour, is heated to 720 ℃ with the speed of 15 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
F, sintering: blank is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is 10
-3Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begins to heat up to malleation, adopts two sections heating rates: 5 ℃ of earlier slow heating rates/min to 600 ℃, 10 ℃/min of heating rate is incubated 4 h to 1300 ℃ of sintering temperatures soon then, cools to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: be heated to 1080 ℃ of insulations 0.5 hour in vacuum drying oven, cool to 450 ℃ of insulations 4.5 hours again, i.e. the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of availability excellence is referring to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 5:
A, be that the spherical powder of 17-4PH stainless steel of 10 μ m is raw material with average grain diameter, prepare disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 10%, vegetable oil 5%, polyethylene 30%, plasticizer 5%, paraffin 50% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 1 h under 150 ℃ of temperature;
The preparation of c, feeding: the spherical powder of binding agent and 17-4PH stainless steel according to volume ratio be 60% in batch mixer under 160 ℃ of temperature mixing 1.5h;
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 165 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 60MPa, injection speed 1cm
3/ s under 130 ℃ of conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 250 ℃ of insulations 2 hours with 10 ℃/min speed, 6 ℃/min speed is heated to 400 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, is heated to 720 ℃ with the speed of 13 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
F, sintering: blank is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is 10
-3Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begins to heat up to malleation, adopts two sections heating rates: 6 ℃ of earlier slow heating rates/min to 650 ℃, 9 ℃/min of heating rate is incubated 3 h to 1380 ℃ of sintering temperatures soon then, cools to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: be heated to 1060 ℃ of insulation solid solutions 1 hour in vacuum drying oven, cooled to 450 ℃ of timeliness again 4 hours, i.e. the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of availability excellence is referring to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 6:
A, be that the spherical powder of 440C stainless steel of 9 μ m is the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of feedstock production with average grain diameter;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 30%, vegetable oil 10%, polyethylene 25%, plasticizer 5%, paraffin 30% is put in the vane type batch mixer, mixes 1.2 h under 180 ℃ of temperature;
C, batching: the spherical powder of binding agent and 440c stainless steel is that 60% ratio obtains feeding according to volume ratio, then in batch mixer under 190 ℃ of temperature mixing 1.5h;
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned batch mixing is placed in the injection machine, with 185 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 70MPa, injection speed 2cm
3/ s under 195 ℃ of conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 250 ℃ of insulations 1.5 hours with 10 ℃/min speed, 5 ℃/min speed is heated to 350 ℃ of insulations 1 hour, is heated to 750 ℃ with the speed of 17 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
F, sintering: blank is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is 10
-3Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begins to heat up to malleation, adopts two sections heating rates: 5 ℃ of earlier slow heating rates/min to 620 ℃, 11 ℃/min of heating rate is incubated 4 h to 1350 ℃ of sintering temperatures soon then, cools to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: be heated to 1050 ℃ of insulations 0.5 hour in vacuum drying oven, cool to 450 ℃ of insulations 4.5 hours again, i.e. the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade of availability excellence is referring to Fig. 1.
Innovative point of the present invention:
A, design innovation: utilize power injection molding, the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade that obtained.
B, process innovation: adopt metal powder injection molded technology, can realize producing in enormous quantities by mold injection, degreasing sintered and heat treatment.The present invention adopts 17-4PH or 440C material, not only satisfies biocompatibility requirement but also guarantee the hardness that scissors is higher; The present invention selects superfines and novel caking agent formula for use, fills whole die cavity with good flowability, Bao Ruo cutting edge particularly, and can in skimming processes, effectively remove; The present invention is directed to shear blade and formulate a whole set of optimized parameters, the deflection that makes shear blade makes the product that finally obtains reach good performance requirement in ± 0.02mm.
The above only is part example of the present invention, so can not limit practical range of the present invention with this, the equivalence of doing according to the present patent application claim and description changes and modification, all should still belong to the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade; stainless steel base material powder and binding agent are obtained even feeding through mixing, granulation; adopt the powder injection forming technology then; finish the injection of feeding; obtain the injection base of shear blade, through degreasing process binding agent is deviate from then, and the base substrate after the degreasing is carried out sintering; obtain disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade product thereby finally heat-treat to strengthen, it is characterized in that: comprise that step is as follows:
The selection of a, stainless steel base material powder: choose 17-4PH or 440C stainless steel as matrix material, select average grain diameter less than the spherical powder of 10 μ m;
The preparation of b, binding agent: by weight percentage, taking polyethylene glycol 10～50%, vegetable oil 5～25%, polyethylene 15～35%, plasticizer 1～10%, paraffin 15～50% places batch mixer, mixes 1～2 hour under 140 ℃～190 ℃ temperature;
The preparation of c, feeding: stainless steel base material powder and binding agent are carried out mixing, the acquisition mobile performance of granulating good homogeneous feeding, binding agent and stainless steel base material powder join feeding in the shared volume ratio scope of binding agent be 40%～60%, place batch mixer under 140 ℃～190 ℃ temperature, to mix 1.5～3h stainless steel base material powder and binding agent;
D, injection moulding: above-mentioned feeding is placed in the injection machine, with 145 ℃～195 ℃ of injection temperatures, injection pressure 60Mpa～120MPa, injection speed 1～3cm
3/ s adopts TOP-TIP, under 80 ℃～130 ℃ conditions of mould temperature, is processed into blank;
E, degreasing: at first blank is dissolved paraffin and vegetable oil component; Carry out next step degreasing then;
F, sintering: blank is carried out sintering in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumize earlier, vacuum is less than 10
-1Pa begins inflated with nitrogen, begin to heat up to malleation, adopt two sections heating rates: be warming up to 600～650 ℃ with 4～6 ℃/min of slow heating rate earlier, fast 9～11 ℃/min of heating rate rises to 1250 ℃～1380 ℃ of sintering temperatures then, be incubated 3～5 hours, cool to room temperature at last with the furnace;
G, heat treatment: blank is heated to 1030 ℃～1080 ℃ insulations 0.5～1 hour in vacuum drying oven, cooled to 450 ℃～500 ℃ timeliness again 4～5 hours, the disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade that can obtain.
2. the preparation method of disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the batch mixer described in above-mentioned steps b and the c is the vane type batch mixer.
3. the preparation method of disposable Minimally Invasive Surgery shear blade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the process conditions of the degreasing described in the above-mentioned steps e are: at first blank is put in the carrene dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil component; Then in argon gas atmosphere, be heated to 250～300 ℃ of insulations 1～2 hour with 9～11 ℃/min speed, 4～6 ℃/min speed is heated to 350～420 ℃ of insulations 1～2 hour, is heated to 720～750 ℃ with the speed of 13～17 ℃/min then and carries out hot degreasing.
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| CN101288907A (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-22 | 湖南英捷高科技有限责任公司 | Processing method of endoscope living body forceps head |
| CN101049634A (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2007-10-10 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing intubatton type stainless steel reverser of ball bearing screw rod pair |
| CN101353768A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-01-28 | 北京科技大学 | Nitrogen-containing nickel-free stainless steel and metallurgy forming process for powder thereof |
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