CN102335555A - Sand filtering diaphragm plate and sand filtering element - Google Patents
Sand filtering diaphragm plate and sand filtering element Download PDFInfo
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- CN102335555A CN102335555A CN2010102349409A CN201010234940A CN102335555A CN 102335555 A CN102335555 A CN 102335555A CN 2010102349409 A CN2010102349409 A CN 2010102349409A CN 201010234940 A CN201010234940 A CN 201010234940A CN 102335555 A CN102335555 A CN 102335555A
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- support body
- body layer
- water penetration
- sand
- penetration support
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 100
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 30
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- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 210000004883 areola Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
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- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940001007 aluminium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- SOIAEOTUSNFHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethane-1,1-diol Chemical compound NCCNCC(O)O SOIAEOTUSNFHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWSKJDNQKGCKPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC(C)=CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C12 MWSKJDNQKGCKPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FBPASULVPNFLTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-(ethoxyamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCONCCNCCN FBPASULVPNFLTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZETYUTMSJWMKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n',n'-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CNCCCCCCN(C)C ZETYUTMSJWMKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- DIGDEPKXCWMYBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-aminoethylamino)methanol Chemical compound NCCNCO DIGDEPKXCWMYBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPSKCQCQZUGWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7-Oxepanedione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC(=O)O1 JPSKCQCQZUGWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRQMMPJCYXMJHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-aminoethylamino)methyl]propanedinitrile Chemical compound NCCNCC(C#N)C#N IRQMMPJCYXMJHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXMVNCMPQGPRLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyputrescine Chemical compound NCCC(O)CN HXMVNCMPQGPRLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSQSYCXRUVZPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propanenitrile Chemical compound NCCNCCC#N NSQSYCXRUVZPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100028735 Dachshund homolog 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000915055 Homo sapiens Dachshund homolog 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- YTVVEZHRLAWDEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(N(CC)O)CNCCN Chemical compound OC(N(CC)O)CNCCN YTVVEZHRLAWDEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
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- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYKXQOYUCMREIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1CCCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21C VYKXQOYUCMREIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOOZEQGBHHIHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1C=CCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21C SOOZEQGBHHIHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A sand filtering diaphragm plate disclosed in the invention has a multilayer structure, wherein, the multilayer structure comprises at least a permeable support body layer and a filter layer which fit tightly; the permeable support body layer and the filter layer are respectively cellular structures formed from porous material containing silica sand, and the diameter of the micropore of the permeable support body layer is larger than the diameter of the micropore of the filter layer. A sand filtering element disclosed in the invention comprises a top, a bottom, a sidewall and a cavity formed by the top, the bottom and the sidewall, and the top, the bottom and the sidewall are sand filtering diaphragm plates disclosed herein. The invention has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, can be applied in sewage treatment systems to realize long-time and stable sewage treatment, can let the sewage discharge reach national sewage discharge standard with high efficiency of sewage treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sand base and filter lamina membranacea and the sand base filter element that comprises this filtration lamina membranacea.
Background technology
Membrane bioreactor generally is made up of biological respinse pool unit and film separation unit; It has characteristics such as good processed water quality, the suitable reuse of processing water; And the floor space of said membrane bioreactor is little, and environmental suitability is high, automaticity is high, operational management easily.Therefore, many countries and regions are applied thousands of membrane bioreactor engineerings in the world.
The membrane material that film unit adopts is divided into organic film and inoranic membrane.
Common membrane bioreactor is to process through outside cloth or fibre pipe, applying organic filter membrane material, and organic filter membrane is processed for petrochemical industry material or plastics mostly, and its carrier cloth or fibre pipe equal strength are poor; Therefore; The intensity difference of the organic membrane bioreactor of this kind, membrane module can break, and particularly the fracture of film silk appears in hollow-fibre membrane easily; Film silk phenomenon of rupture just appears in the film silk that has even after installing and using in the some months.In case the fracture of film occurs, water quality treatment is with variation.Amount of damaging when film and degree affect are to the treatment effect of system; Just need to change membrane module; This not only will make sewage disposal system out of service, and it is all very big to change the quantities and the nonrecurring charge of film, particularly for fairly large membrane bioreactor engineering; The problem of changing the film generation is just more complicated, and the adverse effect scope of generation is bigger.Therefore, adopt the membrane bioreactor of organic film, film strength is poor, and service life is short to have become a critical limitation sexual factor and the great technical barrier of the extensive and popularization and application of current obstruction membrane bioreactor.
Known inoranic membrane mainly contains metal film, alloy film, ceramic membrane, glass-film, zeolite membrane and molecular screen membrane etc.Inoranic membrane has that chemical stability is good, acid and alkali-resistance, high temperature resistant, organic solvent-resistant, mechanical strength is big, the life-span is long, can backwash, advantage such as antimicrobial ability is strong; Present commercial inoranic membrane mainly is a ceramic membrane, and it mainly contains three kinds of flat board, tubular type and multichannels.But skilled worker's complex process of inorganic ceramic membrane, difficulty of processing are big, cost an arm and a leg, in addition; When the inorganic ceramic membrane filtration, between biological unit and film unit, need bigger circular flow, the water circulating pump that required power is higher; Therefore, the operating cost of inorganic ceramic membrane is also higher.Therefore, the application of ceramic membrane in membrane bioreactor still is confined to the laboratory research stage.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defective of the filter membrane that is used for membrane bioreactor of prior art; Provide a kind of simple in structure, reliable, can be used for long-time stable treated sewage, higher sand base filtration lamina membranacea and the sand base filter element of sewage treating efficiency.
The invention provides a kind of sand base and filter lamina membranacea, it is sandwich construction that this sand base filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, said sandwich construction comprises one deck water penetration support body layer and filter course at least, and said water penetration support body layer and filter course fit tightly; Said water penetration support body layer and filter course are respectively the microcellular structure that is formed by the porous material that contains silica sand, and wherein, the micro-pore diameter of said water penetration support body layer is greater than the micro-pore diameter of filter course.
The present invention also provides a kind of sand base filter element; This sand base filter element comprises top, bottom, sidewall and the cavity that is formed by top, bottom and sidewall; Said top, bottom and sidewall filter lamina membranacea for the sand base; Wherein, said sand base filtration lamina membranacea is that sand base provided by the invention filters lamina membranacea.
Sand base provided by the invention filters the simple in structure, reliable of lamina membranacea and sand base filter element; And can be used in the sewage disposal system; To realize long, stable treated sewage, not only can make sewage emissions reach state sewage emission standard, and the treatment effeciency of sewage is higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map that sand base provided by the invention filters lamina membranacea;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map that sand base provided by the invention filters lamina membranacea;
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of sand base filter element provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of sand base filter element provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of sand base filter element provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
According to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, it is sandwich construction that said sand base filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, said sandwich construction comprises one deck water penetration support body layer 1 and filter course 2 at least, and said water penetration support body layer 1 fits tightly with filter course 2; Said water penetration support body layer 1 is respectively the microcellular structure that is formed by the porous material that contains silica sand with filter course 2, and wherein, the micro-pore diameter of said water penetration support body layer 1 is greater than the micro-pore diameter of filter course 2.
According to the present invention, under the preferable case, in order to reach better filter effect, the micro-pore diameter of said filter course is the 0.05-0.5 micron, is preferably the 0.05-0.2 micron; Porosity is 20-30%, is preferably 20-25%; The micro-pore diameter of said water penetration support body layer is the 10-200 micron, is preferably the 50-100 micron; Porosity is 25-35%, is preferably 25-30%.Wherein, the micro-pore diameter of said filter course and water penetration support body layer can record through electron microscope, and the porosity of said filter course and water penetration support body layer can record through mercury injection method.
According to the present invention, said water penetration support body layer is mainly used in filters the effect that lamina membranacea plays support to said sand base, and therefore, as long as its thickness satisfies the needs of supporter, for example, the gross thickness of said water penetration support body layer generally can be 10-50mm.Said filter course mainly plays the effect of filtration, and its thickness also can be decided according to the actual requirements, and generally speaking, the thickness of said filter course can be 0.1-2mm.
According to the present invention; Under the preferable case,, make the structure of said sand base filtration lamina membranacea more firm simultaneously in order further to optimize filter effect; Satisfying under the prerequisite of filtering requirement; Realize to improve the requirement of flux, said water penetration support body layer is can multilayer, and from reducing gradually away from the water penetration support body layer of the filter course micro-pore diameter to the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course.
From taking all factors into consideration of effect and cost, more preferably under the situation, as shown in Figure 2, said water penetration support body layer is two-layer, and away from the micro-pore diameter of the water penetration support body layer 2 of the filter course micro-pore diameter greater than the water penetration support body layer 3 of applying filter course.The thickness of said water penetration support body layer 2 away from filter course can be 8-35mm, the micro-pore diameter of this water penetration support body layer 2 can for greater than 100 microns to being less than or equal to 200 microns, be preferably more than 50 microns to being less than or equal to 100 microns; The thickness of the water penetration support body layer 3 of said applying filter course can be 5-15mm, and the micro-pore diameter of this water penetration support body layer can be the 10-100 micron, is preferably the 10-50 micron.
According to the present invention, generally, the size of the micro-pore diameter of said filter course and water penetration support body layer on the one hand with the porous material that forms each layer in the size of silica sand particle relevant, relevant with the generation type of each layer on the other hand.
According to the present invention; The size of particle diameter that is used to form the silica sand of said water penetration support body layer can be according to selecting to the needs that filter and to the needs of the intensity of support body layer; And; For the micro-pore diameter of the porous material that the satisfies said water penetration support body layer micro-pore diameter greater than filter course, therefore, the particle diameter of silica sand is greater than the particle diameter of silica sand in the filter course in the said water penetration support body layer; Under the preferable case, the particle diameter of silica sand is the 75-1000 micron in the said water penetration support body layer, is preferably the 150-830 micron.
Because said filter course is positioned at the surface of water penetration support body layer; Promptly mainly play the effect of filter membrane; And; In order better to reach filter effect, and satisfy the micro-pore diameter of the micro-pore diameter of said water penetration support body layer greater than filter course, the particle diameter of silica sand is less than the particle diameter of silica sand in the water penetration support body layer in the said filter course; Under the preferable case, the particle diameter of silica sand is the 23-75 micron in the said filter course, is preferably the 38-48 micron.In said filter course, the sphericity of silica sand is good more, can guarantee that more the hole of silica sand diameter is less and even, thereby further improves the filter effect of filter course.Therefore, the sphericity of the silica sand in the said filter course can be 0.5-0.95, is preferably 0.7-0.95.Wherein, " sphericity " refers to the relative acutance of grain corner or measuring of curvature, also can refer to the degree of particle subglobular; The assay method of sphericity is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example, can adopt chart method to measure.In order to reach sphericity requirement of the presently claimed invention, can adopt and silica sand carried out the needs that control methods known in those skilled in the art such as ball milling satisfy the silica sand sphericity.
According to the present invention; Of the present invention preferred embodiment above-mentioned in order to satisfy; Promptly; Make away from the micro-pore diameter of the water penetration support body layer of filter course micro-pore diameter, can make away from the particle diameter of silica sand in the water penetration support body layer of filter course diameter greater than silica sand in the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course greater than the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course.For example, said particle diameter away from silica sand in the water penetration support body layer of filter course can be the 380-1000 micron, is preferably the 380-830 micron; The diameter of silica sand can be for 75 to less than 380 microns in the water penetration support body layer of said applying filter course, are preferably 150 microns to less than 380 microns.
Said water penetration support body layer and filter course are respectively the microcellular structure that is formed by the porous material that contains silica sand, and said porous material is to be solidified to form through curing agent through the mixture that will contain silica sand and binding agent; Wherein, as long as the amount of binding agent guarantees to make silica sand to be bonded to together and moulding, the size of the micro-pore diameter of each layer that assurance simultaneously forms and the thickness of each layer get final product; The amount of said curing agent only guarantees to make adhesive cures and makes it and better bonding the getting final product of silica sand; Generally, in filter course, be benchmark with 100 weight portion silica sands, the amount of binding agent can be the 2-8 weight portion, the amount of curing agent can be the 0.2-4 weight portion; In the water penetration support body layer, be benchmark with 100 weight portion roughing sand, the total amount of binding agent can be the 3-15 weight portion, the total amount of curing agent can be the 0.03-8 weight portion.Under the preferable case, when said water penetration support body layer when being two-layer, in the water penetration support body layer away from filter course, be benchmark with 100 weight portion silica sands, the amount of binding agent can be the 3-10 weight portion, and the amount of curing agent can be the 0.3-5 weight portion; In the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course, be benchmark with 100 weight portion silica sands, the amount of binding agent can be the 4-15 weight portion, the amount of curing agent can be the 0.03-8 weight portion.
In the present invention, the kind of said binding agent does not have special qualification, and for example, said binding agent can be selected from one or more in epoxy resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, waterglass, phenolic resins, acrylic resin, polyamine fat resin and the portland cement; Under the preferable case, said binding agent is phenolic resins and/or epoxy resin.Said phenolic resins and epoxy resin can suitably be selected in the phenolic resins of routine and epoxy resin.Particularly, said phenolic resins can be preferably acid catalysis phenolic resins for acid catalysis phenolic resins and/or base catalysis phenolic resins, and the weight average molecular weight of said acid catalysis phenolic resins can be 300-12000, is preferably 500-5000.Said epoxy resin is preferably bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and the epoxide number of said epoxy resin can be 0.3-0.55mol/100g, and its weight average molecular weight can be 500-10000, is preferably 800-5000.
The kind that is used for curing agent of the present invention does not have special qualification, for example, can be selected from amine type curing agent, anhydride type curing agent, poly aluminium phosphate, prodan and the methenamine one or more; Under the preferable case, said curing agent is amine type curing agent and/or anhydride type curing agent.Said amine type curing agent can be ethylenediamine; Trimethylhexamethylenediamine; Hexa; Diethyl triamine; The methylol ethylenediamine; AEEA; The dihydroxy ethyl ethylenediamine; The ethoxy diethylenetriamine; The dihydroxy ethyl ethylenediamine; The ethoxy diethylenetriamine; The dihydroxy ethyl diethylenetriamine; The ethoxy hexamethylene diamine; One cyanoethyl ethylenediamine; The dicyanoethyl ethylenediamine; The dicyanoethyl hexamethylene diamine; Dicyandiamide; Cyclohexanediamine; The Meng alkane diamines; Amine ethyl croak piperazine; At least a in IPD and the DACH; Said anhydride type curing agent example can be in methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, succinic anhydride and the adipic anhydride at least a.In preferred embodiment, when said binding agent was phenolic resins, said curing agent most preferably was hexa; When said binding agent was epoxy resin, said curing agent most preferably was above-mentioned amine type curing agent.
According to the present invention, said silica sand can be the various silica sands that can be used to form water penetration support body layer and filter course, for example, can be selected from drift-sand, artificial sand, reclaimed sand, river sand and extra large sand and the mountain sand one or more.
More preferably under the situation, in order further to improve the mechanical strength of the sand base filtration lamina membranacea that obtains, said silica sand is preferably the overlay film silica sand that the surface is coated with the overlay film binding agent.The preparation method of said overlay film silica sand can obtain according to method well known in the art, for example, and can be with reference to the used method of the precoated sand preparation technology of CN1083752A.The bore dia that the granular size of said overlay film silica sand needs only in the porous material that satisfies filter course and water penetration support body layer respectively requires.
According to the present invention, the method that filter course and water penetration support body layer are fitted tightly can be the whole bag of tricks well known in the art, as long as guarantee to make filter course and water penetration support body layer to fit tightly, the filtration that can satisfy filter course again requires to get final product.Under the preferable case; Can be under condition of cure, range upon range of mixture layer that contains silica sand, binding agent and curing agent that is used to form filter course and the mixture layer that contains silica sand, binding agent and curing agent that is used to form the water penetration support body layer are cured moulding simultaneously.Wherein, The filter course that the thickness of said mixture layer as long as can satisfy respectively obtains and the thickness requirement of water penetration support body layer; For example, the thickness (usually laying depth be 0.2-3mm) that is used to form the mixture layer that contains silica sand, binding agent and curing agent of filter course is 0.1-2mm as long as make the thickness of the filter course that obtains; The thickness (laying depth is 15-60mm usually) that is used to form the mixture layer that contains silica sand, binding agent and curing agent of water penetration support body layer is 10-50mm as long as make the water penetration support body layer that obtains in gross thickness.
According to the present invention; The method of said moulding and curing can adopt conventional various moulding and curing, and its condition is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example; Can adopt the method for compression moulding; The condition of compression moulding comprises that pressure can be the 0.5-5 MPa, and temperature can be 20-100 ℃, and the time can be 10-60 second; The condition of solidifying can comprise that the temperature of curing is 20-150 ℃, and the time of curing can be 1-24 hour, and the humidity of curing can be 5-35%.
In addition; According to other a kind of embodiment; The method that filter course and water penetration support body layer are fitted tightly can also be for forming adhesive layer between the filter course of sandwich construction and water penetration support body layer, said adhesive layer fits tightly filter course and water penetration support body layer; As long as the thickness of said adhesive layer can guarantee to make filter course and water penetration support body layer to fit tightly the filtration and the flux that also can satisfy filter course and water penetration support body layer simultaneously and require; Under the preferable case, the thickness of said adhesive layer can be the 5-30 micron.Under the preferable case, when said water penetration support body layer is multilayer, between adjacent two-layer water penetration support body layer, also can form adhesive layer, so that fit tightly between the multilayer water penetration support body layer, the thickness of this adhesive layer can be the 5-30 micron.
The method of said formation adhesive layer can comprise with binding agent apply, the method for spraying or roller coating.The binding agent of said formation adhesive layer can be the binding agent of various routines; For example, above-mentioned said binding agent is one or more in epoxy resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, waterglass, phenolic resins, acrylic resin, polyamine fat resin and the portland cement.
According to the present invention; Said sand base filter element comprises top, bottom, sidewall and the cavity that is formed by top, bottom and sidewall; Said top, bottom and sidewall filter lamina membranacea for the sand base, and wherein, it is that sand base provided by the invention filters lamina membranacea that said sand base filters lamina membranacea.
The present invention does not have special demands to the shape of said sand base filter element, can be different shape, for example, cuboid or cube structure, as shown in Figure 3.According to the present invention, said cavity can be generally column structure for the various shapes that can satisfy the filtration needs; For example; Cuboid, square or cylinder (as shown in Figure 4) or wavy shaped configuration, under the preferable case, the wave trough position on the opposite face of this Wave-shaped structural is corresponding with crest location joins; to be separated out this a plurality of cavitys; And constitute the interval between these a plurality of cavitys, as shown in Figure 5, and through the wave trough position on the opposite face of this Wave-shaped structural with corresponding the joining of crest location can strengthen the intensity of this filter element.
Need to prove that in addition above-mentioned several kinds of being merely filter element structure of the present invention are implemented aspect, filter element of the present invention is not limited to said structure; Except can be for the said structure, can also be for other arbitrary structures, like spheroid; Spheroids etc. are to adapt to the different outward appearance demands in the application.
According to the present invention, in order to adapt to different sewage loads, said sand base filter element can also comprise at least one dividing plate, and said cavity is separated into a plurality of areolas independently, and is arranged in parallel along this sand base filtration lamina membranacea.Said dividing plate is in order to strengthening the intensity of this filter element, and the existence of the dividing plate between a plurality of areolas has effectively improved the intensity of filter element.Said dividing plate can be for by various aggregates, and the template of the porous that forms like glass microballoon, ceramic fine bead and haydite etc. is preferably sand base provided by the invention and filters lamina membranacea.
According to the present invention; Said sand base filter element can one-shot forming; Also can prepare top, bottom and the sidewall that is used to form cavity earlier separately; And the sandwich construction of the dividing plate that comprises of selectivity, then that the dividing plate that top, bottom and sidewall and selectivity comprise is fixing to form said cavity structure.
According to the present invention; Under the preferable case, as shown in Figure 3, discharge from this element for the ease of the water that will pass through effectively after sand base filter element according to the invention filters; Said sand base filter element also comprises at least one delivery port 4, and said delivery port 4 is communicated with cavity.Furtherly; The number of said delivery port can be one, also can be for a plurality of, under the preferable case; When said cavity is separated into a plurality of independently areola by dividing plate; It is a plurality of that the number of said delivery port also preferably should be mutually, and the corresponding areola independently of each delivery port, so that the discharge of the water after filtering.Perhaps also can on the dividing plate between these a plurality of cavitys, form the hole (not shown), should communicate with each other by a plurality of areolas through hole.
To further describe in detail the present invention through specific embodiment below.
In following preparation embodiment, the filter course that obtains with determination of electron microscopy and the micro-pore diameter of water penetration support body layer; And the filter course that adopts mercury injection method to measure to obtain and the porosity of water penetration support body layer.Measure the total nitrogen content in the water according to GB11894-1989 (alkaline alkaline potassium per-sulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry).Adopt transmissometer (WGZ-200 transmissometer) that the turbidity of water is detected.
Preparation embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to explain that sand base provided by the invention filters the preparation of lamina membranacea.
100 weight portion silica sands (particle diameter is 600 microns), 3 weight portion epoxy resin of binder (trade mark E-44) and 0.6 weight portion modified amine curing agent (trade mark T31) are mixed; Obtain first mixture; And be laid in the mould; Obtain first mixture layer (being used to form the water penetration support body layer), laying depth is 15mm;
(particle diameter is 45 microns with 100 weight portion silica sands; The silica sand sphericity is 0.5), the acrylic resin (trade mark 4400) of 3 weight portion binding agent hydroxyls and 1 weight portion HDI biuret curing agent (trade mark Desmodur N75) mix; Obtain second mixture; And this second mixture is laid on above-mentioned first mixture layer, obtaining second mixture layer (being used to form filter course), laying depth is 2mm;
Under 25 ℃, 5 MPa pressure,, make it moulding, and under 80 ℃, 20-40% humidity, solidified 8 hours above-mentioned two-layer mixture layer compacting 30 seconds; Obtain the sand base and filter lamina membranacea A1, wherein, the thickness of filter course is 1mm; Bore dia is the 0.05-0.3 micron, and porosity is 25%; The thickness of water penetration support body layer is 10mm, and bore dia is the 50-150 micron, and porosity is 28%.
Present embodiment is used to explain that sand base provided by the invention filters the preparation of lamina membranacea.
With 100 weight portion silica sands (particle diameter is 450 microns), 8 weight portion epoxy resin of binder (trade mark E-51) and 5 weight portion anhydride curing agents (methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride) (code name abbreviation MTHPA; Trade mark SYG-8401) mixes; Obtain first mixture; And be laid in the mould, obtaining first mixture layer (being used to form water penetration support body layer) away from filter course, laying depth is 25mm;
(code name abbreviation DAMHM) mixes with 100 weight portion silica sands (particle diameter is 180 microns), 5 weight portion epoxy resin of binder (trade mark E-44) and 1.8 weight portion aliphatic cyclic amine curing agent; Obtain the 3rd mixture; And earlier the 3rd mixture is laid on above-mentioned first mixture layer (being used to form the water penetration support body layer away from filter course); Obtain the 3rd mixture layer (being used for the water penetration support layer with the filter course applying), laying depth is 8mm;
(particle diameter is 35 microns with 100 weight portion silica sands; The silica sand sphericity is 0.8), 4 weight portion epoxy resin of binder (trade mark CYD-144) and 1.5 weight portion trimethylhexamethylenediamine curing agent (trade mark TMD) mix; Obtain second mixture; And this second mixture is laid on above-mentioned the 3rd mixture layer, obtaining second mixture layer (being used to form filter course), laying depth is 1mm;
Under 25 ℃, 2 MPa pressure,, make it moulding, and under 80 ℃, 20-40% humidity, solidified 12 hours above-mentioned three layers of mixture layer compacting 50 seconds; Obtain the sand base and filter lamina membranacea A2, wherein, the thickness of filter course is 0.5mm; Bore dia is the 0.05-0.1 micron, and porosity is 22%; The thickness of the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course is 5mm, and bore dia is the 20-60 micron, and porosity is that 27% thickness away from the water penetration support body layer of filter course is 20mm, and bore dia is the 65-100 micron, and porosity is 32%.
Present embodiment is used to explain that sand base provided by the invention filters the preparation of lamina membranacea.
Method according to embodiment 1 is also solidified first mixture layer and the second mixture layer moulding respectively earlier; Obtain water penetration support body layer and filter course; And apply epoxy resin (trade mark E-44) binding agent and DAMHM curing agent (binding agent and curing agent weight ratio are 2.8: 1) at a side surface of water penetration support body layer; Obtain thickness and be 10 microns adhesive layer; Then filter course is adhered to the surface of this adhesive layer, and under 80 ℃, 20-40% humidity, solidified 5 hours, obtain the sand base and filter lamina membranacea A3.
Present embodiment is used to explain that sand base provided by the invention filters the preparation of lamina membranacea.
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares first mixture layer and second mixture layer, and different is that used silica sand is the overlay film silica sand according to the preparation of CN1083752A method.
Embodiment 1-4
Present embodiment is used to explain the preparation and the strainability test of sand base filter element.
Preparation embodiment 1 is filtered the filter element that lamina membranacea is bonded into (perhaps one-shot forming in the mould) rectangular structure with cavity as shown in Figure 4 respectively to the sand base that obtains of preparation embodiment 4; And have dividing plate between each cylindrical cavity, said dividing plate is to filter lamina membranacea by the sand base of embodiment 1 and embodiment 4 respectively to form.And on the sidewall of the filter element of this rectangular structure, offer two delivery ports, this delivery port is communicated with cavity.
Said sand base filter element is placed BAF reactor (effective volume of reactor is 30L), and (COD concentration is 1200-1500mg/L, NH in said reactor, to feed sewage
3-N concentration is 250-300mg/L; Turbidity is 15-30NTU), (that is reactor also not water outlet of not intaking, under the vexed condition of exposing to the sun; Aeration rate is 25L/h) kept 3 hours; Delivery port through said sand base filter element draws water then, makes sewage obtain the water through filtering through being drawn out of behind the said filter element, and water outlet COD is respectively 50-200mg/L, 40-150mg/L, 50-220mg/L, 50-160mg/L; Water outlet ammonia nitrogen (NH
3-N) concentration is respectively 5-30mg/L, 1-20mg/L, 5-35mg/L, 1-25mg/L, and turbidity is respectively 5-15NTU, 5-10NTU, 5-15NTU, 5-10NTU.
Claims (15)
1. a sand base filters lamina membranacea, and it is sandwich construction that this sand base filters lamina membranacea, it is characterized in that said sandwich construction comprises one deck water penetration support body layer and filter course at least, and said water penetration support body layer and filter course fit tightly; Said water penetration support body layer and filter course are respectively the microcellular structure that is formed by the porous material that contains silica sand, and wherein, the micro-pore diameter of said water penetration support body layer is greater than the micro-pore diameter of filter course.
2. sand base according to claim 1 filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, the micro-pore diameter of said filter course is the 0.05-0.5 micron, and the micro-pore diameter of said support body layer is the 10-200 micron.
3. sand base according to claim 1 and 2 filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, said water penetration support body layer is a multilayer, and from reducing gradually away from the water penetration support body layer of the filter course micro-pore diameter to the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course.
4. sand base according to claim 3 filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, said water penetration support body layer is two-layer, and away from the micro-pore diameter of the water penetration support body layer of the filter course micro-pore diameter greater than the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course.
5. sand base according to claim 4 filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, the thickness of said water penetration support body layer away from filter course is 8-35mm, and the micro-pore diameter of this water penetration support body layer be extremely smaller or equal to 200 microns greater than 100 microns; The thickness of the water penetration support body layer of applying filter course is 5-15mm, and the micro-pore diameter of this water penetration support body layer is the 10-100 micron.
6. filter lamina membranacea according to claim 1,2,4 or 5 described sand bases, wherein, the thickness of said filter course is 0.1-2mm, and the gross thickness of said water penetration support body layer is 10-50mm.
7. according to claim 1,2,4 or 5 described membrane bioreactors, wherein, the porosity of said filter course is 20-30%, and the porosity of said water penetration support body layer is 25-35%.
8. filter lamina membranacea according to claim 1,2,4 or 5 described sand bases; Wherein, The particle diameter of silica sand is the 23-75 micron in the porous material of said filter course, and sphericity is 0.5-0.95, and the particle diameter of the silica sand in the porous material of said water penetration support body layer is the 75-1000 micron.
9. sand base according to claim 1 filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, said porous material is to be solidified to form through curing agent through the mixture that will contain silica sand and binding agent; In the water penetration support body layer, be benchmark with 100 weight portion silica sands, the amount of binding agent is the 3-15 weight portion, the amount of curing agent is the 0.03-8 weight portion; In filter course, be benchmark with 100 weight portion silica sands, the amount of binding agent is the 2-8 weight portion, the amount of curing agent is the 0.2-4 weight portion.
10. sand base according to claim 9 filters lamina membranacea, and wherein, said silica sand is coated with the overlay film silica sand of overlay film binding agent for the surface.
11. sand base according to claim 9 filters lamina membranacea; Wherein, Said binding agent is selected from one or more in epoxy resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, waterglass, phenolic resins, acrylic resin, polyamine fat resin and the portland cement, and said curing agent is selected from one or more in amine type curing agent, anhydride type curing agent, poly aluminium phosphate, prodan and the methenamine.
12. sand base filter element; This sand base filter element comprises top, bottom, sidewall and the cavity that is formed by top, bottom and sidewall; Said top, bottom and sidewall filter lamina membranacea for the sand base; It is characterized in that it is that any described sand base filters lamina membranacea among the claim 1-11 that said sand base filters lamina membranacea.
13. sand base filter element according to claim 12, wherein, said cavity is a column structure.
14. sand base filter element according to claim 12, wherein, this sand base filter element also comprises at least one dividing plate, and this at least one dividing plate is separated into a plurality of independently areolas with said cavity; Said dividing plate is that any described sand base filters lamina membranacea among the claim 1-11.
15. sand base filter element according to claim 12, wherein, this sand base filter element also comprises at least one delivery port, and said delivery port is communicated with cavity.
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| JP2005246340A (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-09-15 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of inorganic filter having one-dimensional through nanopore membrane |
| CN101028949A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-05 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Cast-sand membrane biological reactor |
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