CN102331105B - Pulse tube refrigerator with precooling pulse tube - Google Patents
Pulse tube refrigerator with precooling pulse tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102331105B CN102331105B CN 201110285035 CN201110285035A CN102331105B CN 102331105 B CN102331105 B CN 102331105B CN 201110285035 CN201110285035 CN 201110285035 CN 201110285035 A CN201110285035 A CN 201110285035A CN 102331105 B CN102331105 B CN 102331105B
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- Prior art keywords
- vascular
- heat exchanger
- refrigerator
- pulse tube
- precooling
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- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 claims description 131
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse tube refrigerator with a precooling pulse tube. A compressor, a hot end connecting tube, a heat regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a first heat regenerator, a first cold end heat exchanger, a first pulse tube, a first pulse tube hot end heat exchanger and a first phase modulating device are connected in sequence; a second heat regenerator, a second cold end heat exchanger, a cold end connecting tube, a second pulse tube, a pulse tube precooling heat exchanger, a second pulse tube hot end heat exchanger and a second phase modulating device are connected in sequence; and the pulse tube precooling heat exchanger is connected with the first cold end heat exchanger. In the invention, the pulse tube is provided with the precooling heat exchanger, so that the temperature gradient of the near cold end of the pulse tube is reduced, and heat loss of the pulse tube is reduced; and meanwhile, the precooling heat exchanger can assist the pulse tube to carry away the heat of gas in the tube, so that the refrigerating performance of a cold head is enhanced. For a multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator, the precooling amount of a next stage pulse tube is supplied by a previous stage cold head or heat regenerator, so that the performance of the cold head in a low-temperature region can be enhanced greatly only by using a cold quantity precooling pulse tube with a smaller high-temperature region. The pulse tube refrigerator is easy to operate and implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low-temperature refrigeration technology field, relate in particular to a kind of band from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse.
Background technology
Vascular refrigerator is born in the sixties in 20th century, compare with the G-M refrigeration machine with sterlin refrigerator, vascular refrigerator cold junction expansion chamber is a blank pipe, movement-less part, have the advantages such as compact conformation, reliability is high, vibration is little, the life-span is long, be subject to extensive use at aspects such as space technology, national defense and military, medicals in recent years.Due to the sudden change of vascular import and export cross section of fluid channel and the nonadiabatic property of tube wall, in vascular inevitably have circulating loss, drag losses, tube wall heat conduction loss, the loss of shuttling back and forth, a boundary layer pumping loss etc., wherein only the Non-adiabatic loss of vascular wall (shuttle back and forth loss, conductive heat loss) just can account for the 20%-60% of mao refrigerating capacity, has seriously undermined the refrigeration performance of vascular.The heat loss of vascular tube wall is relevant with the thermograde of gas in tube wall temperature gradient and pipe, and for the larger vascular refrigerator of cold and hot end temperature span, as the vascular refrigerator of 20-300K, 4.2-300K warm area, the Non-adiabatic loss of its tube wall is very important.At present the flow losses of vascular can be by arranging that at import and export laminarization element (as silk screen, metal foam layers etc.) improves, and vascular tube wall heat loss there is no the effective ways improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing vascular refrigerator, a kind of thermograde that can reduce the nearly cold junction of vascular is provided, reduce the vascular heat loss, thereby improve the band of vascular refrigerator performance from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse.
Band comprises compressor, hot junction connecting leg, regenerator hot end heat exchanger, the first regenerator, the first cool end heat exchanger, the first vascular, the first vascular hot-side heat exchanger, the first phase modulation apparatus, the second regenerator, the second cool end heat exchanger, cold junction connecting leg, the second vascular, vascular precool heat exchanger device, the second vascular hot-side heat exchanger, the second phase modulation apparatus from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse; Compressor, hot junction connecting leg, regenerator hot end heat exchanger, the first regenerator, the first cool end heat exchanger, the first vascular, the first vascular hot-side heat exchanger, the first phase modulation apparatus are connected in turn, and the second regenerator, the second cool end heat exchanger, cold junction connecting leg, the second vascular, vascular precool heat exchanger device, the second vascular hot-side heat exchanger, the second phase modulation apparatus are connected in turn; Vascular is provided with the precool heat exchanger device, and vascular precool heat exchanger device is connected with the first cool end heat exchanger.
The pre-cold of described vascular precool heat exchanger device is provided by multistage vascular refrigerator.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device is arranged in the vascular outside wall surface.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device is arranged in vascular inside, and the precool heat exchanger device of described vascular is the loose structures such as silk screen filled-type, slit-type.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device is arranged in vascular upper wall surface temperature higher than the optional position of precool heat exchanger actuator temperature.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device arrange simultaneously a plurality of on the vascular wall position of different temperatures.Described vascular refrigerator is thermal coupling type vascular refrigerator, gas coupled mode vascular refrigerator, G-M type vascular refrigerator or stirling-type vascular refrigerator.
The present invention arranges the precool heat exchanger device on vascular, assist hot end heat exchanger to take away the interior heat of vascular, the precool heat exchanger device has reduced the thermograde of vascular wall near the cold junction part in addition, and the gas in vascular also is subject to cooling, thereby has reduced the heat loss of vascular cold junction.For multistage vascular refrigerator, can be directly the cold of self upper level cold head or regenerator be supplied with the vascular of next stage by the precool heat exchanger device, need not other extra low-temperature receivers, only need to consume the less cold in high-temperature region and just can obtain the larger lifting of cold head low-temperature space performance, can also accelerate the cold head cooling rate simultaneously.The present invention is different from the vascular refrigerator (patent announcement CN1067499) of multi-channel shunt structure, communicates without gas circuit between vascular and cold heads at different levels, and is separate, only carries out heat transmission by heat exchanger and without the quality transmission, simple in structure, stable performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that band is from the vascular refrigerator structural representation of precooling pulse;
Fig. 2 (a) is that band is from the multistage vascular refrigerator structural representation of the gas coupled mode of precooling pulse;
Fig. 2 (b) is that band is from the multistage vascular refrigerator structural representation of the thermal coupling type of precooling pulse;
Fig. 3 is the pre-cold mould of vascular and the pre-cold machine experimental result of the cold mould dual unit comparison diagram of nothing.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, band comprises compressor 1, hot junction connecting leg 2, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 3, the first regenerator 4, the first cool end heat exchanger 5, the first vascular 6, the first vascular hot-side heat exchanger 7, the first phase modulation apparatus 8, the second regenerator 9, the second cool end heat exchanger 10, cold junction connecting leg 11, the second vascular 12, vascular precool heat exchanger device 13, the second vascular hot-side heat exchanger 14, the second phase modulation apparatus 15 from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse; Compressor 1, hot junction connecting leg 2, regenerator hot end heat exchanger 3, the first regenerator 4, the first cool end heat exchanger 5, the first vascular 6, the first vascular hot-side heat exchanger 7, the first phase modulation apparatus 8 are connected in turn, and the second regenerator 9, the second cool end heat exchanger 10, cold junction connecting leg 11, the second vascular 12, vascular precool heat exchanger device 13, the second vascular hot-side heat exchanger 14, the second phase modulation apparatus 15 are connected in turn; Vascular 12 is provided with precool heat exchanger device 13, and vascular precool heat exchanger device 13 is connected with the first cool end heat exchanger 5.
The pre-cold of described vascular precool heat exchanger device 13 self is provided by multistage vascular refrigerator.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device 13 can be arranged in the vascular outside wall surface.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device 13 can be arranged in vascular inside, and vascular precool heat exchanger device is the loose structures such as silk screen filled-type, slit-type.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device 13 can be arranged in vascular upper wall surface temperature higher than the optional position of precool heat exchanger actuator temperature.Described vascular precool heat exchanger device can arrange simultaneously a plurality of on the vascular wall position of different temperatures, as shown in Figure 2.Described vascular refrigerator can be thermal coupling type vascular refrigerator, gas coupled mode vascular refrigerator, G-M type vascular refrigerator or stirling-type vascular refrigerator.
The precool heat exchanger device need adopt the metals such as the good copper of heat conduction or aluminium.For vascular wall precooling type heat exchanger, the structure of heat exchanger can be made two semicircles that coincide with the vascular tube wall, need insert the good material of the heat conduction such as heat conductive silica gel or indium sheet between tube wall and heat exchanger and contact fully to guarantee both.For the precool heat exchanger device that stretches into vascular inside, heat exchanger can be made the porous types such as slit, silk screen filled type, and the structure of heat exchanger must be symmetrically, crosses heat exchanger and can not produce disorder to guarantee air flow stream.
In order to verify validity of the present invention, a two-stage stirling-type vascular refrigerator is tested.The long 107mm of second level vascular, temperature span is about 26K-300K, adopts vascular middle part, the first order cold head precooling second level apart from cold head 57mm place, wall precooling.Experimental result is compared with the situation without precooling pulse as shown in Figure 3, under identical input operating mode, drops to 18.1K with the vascular refrigerator second level lowest refrigerating temperature of precooling pulse from 26.6K, and the required pre-cold of vascular is 1.35W 82.9K.
Claims (6)
1. a band from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse, comprises compressor (1), hot junction connecting leg (2), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (3), the first regenerator (4), the first cool end heat exchanger (5), the first vascular (6), the first vascular hot-side heat exchanger (7), the first phase modulation apparatus (8), the second regenerator (9), the second cool end heat exchanger (10), cold junction connecting leg (11), the second vascular (12), vascular precool heat exchanger device (13), the second vascular hot-side heat exchanger (14), the second phase modulation apparatus (15); Compressor (1), hot junction connecting leg (2), regenerator hot end heat exchanger (3), the first regenerator (4), the first cool end heat exchanger (5), the first vascular (6), the first vascular hot-side heat exchanger (7), the first phase modulation apparatus (8) are connected in turn, and the second regenerator (9), the second cool end heat exchanger (10), cold junction connecting leg (11), the second vascular (12), vascular precool heat exchanger device (13), the second vascular hot-side heat exchanger (14), the second phase modulation apparatus (15) are connected in turn; It is characterized in that vascular (12) is provided with precool heat exchanger device (13), vascular precool heat exchanger device (13) is connected with the first cool end heat exchanger (5); Described vascular precool heat exchanger device (13) is arranged in vascular upper wall surface temperature higher than the optional position of precool heat exchanger actuator temperature.
2. a kind of band according to claim 1 from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse, is characterized in that the pre-cold of described vascular precool heat exchanger device (13) is provided by multistage vascular refrigerator.
3. a kind of band according to claim 1 from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse, is characterized in that described vascular precool heat exchanger device (13) is arranged in the vascular outside wall surface.
4. a kind of band according to claim 1 is from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse, it is characterized in that described vascular precool heat exchanger device (13) is arranged in vascular inside, and described vascular precool heat exchanger device is silk screen filled-type, slit-type loose structure.
5. a kind of band according to claim 1 is from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse, it is characterized in that described vascular precool heat exchanger device (13) arrange simultaneously a plurality of on the vascular wall position of different temperatures.
6. a kind of band according to claim 1 from the vascular refrigerator of precooling pulse, is characterized in that described vascular refrigerator is thermal coupling type vascular refrigerator, gas coupled mode vascular refrigerator, G-M type vascular refrigerator or stirling-type vascular refrigerator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110285035 CN102331105B (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Pulse tube refrigerator with precooling pulse tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110285035 CN102331105B (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Pulse tube refrigerator with precooling pulse tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102331105A CN102331105A (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| CN102331105B true CN102331105B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110285035 Expired - Fee Related CN102331105B (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Pulse tube refrigerator with precooling pulse tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102331105B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103512258B (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2015-07-08 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Pulse tube refrigerator driven by V-M type thermal compressor in liquid helium temperature zone |
| CN103307797A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-18 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | U-shaped pulse tube refrigerator and infrared device compact type coupled structure and manufacturing method |
| CN104654649B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2017-07-28 | 同济大学 | A kind of pre-cooling type multi-stage pulse tube refrigeration machine |
| CN103851821B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | The close-coupled inertia U-shaped pulse tube refrigerating machine of cast high frequency and manufacture method |
| CN103851820B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Separate unit linear compressor drives structure and the manufacture method of two U-shaped vascular cold fingers |
| CN104296411B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Use 4K low temperature pulse tubes refrigeration machine and the method for centrifugal screw type regenerator |
| CN107036320B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2020-07-28 | 同济大学 | Cold compression type pulse tube refrigerator and precooling type refrigerator system |
| CN106642837B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2019-10-15 | 浙江大学 | A kind of philip refrigerator of the built-in liquefier of band |
| CN111595050B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2022-02-18 | 同济大学 | Multistage pulse tube refrigerator device |
| CN112097422A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-18 | 同济大学 | Efficient liquefaction system of regenerative refrigerator adopting direct current |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3812427A1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-26 | Leybold Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A REGENERATOR FOR A DEEP-TEMPERATURE REFRIGERATOR AND REGENERATOR PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
| US6269658B1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2001-08-07 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system with pulse tube refrigeration |
| CN2465122Y (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2001-12-12 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Device for adjusting cold end air flow phase of pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN2670890Y (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-01-12 | 浙江大学 | High-efficient low-temperature heat transfer element based on natural circulating precooling process |
| CN202304059U (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学 | Pulse tube refrigerator with self-precooling pulse tube |
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2011
- 2011-09-23 CN CN 201110285035 patent/CN102331105B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102331105A (en) | 2012-01-25 |
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Granted publication date: 20130619 Termination date: 20180923 |