CN102330551A - Method and system for rectifying sound wave pressure in sound wave amplitude well logging - Google Patents
Method and system for rectifying sound wave pressure in sound wave amplitude well logging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for rectifying sound wave pressure in sound wave amplitude well logging. In order to strengthen the comparability of the well logging data of each place or the well logging data of different depth sections in the same well, a relationship curve group between environment pressure and a receiving sound wave amplitude is obtained by aiming at different transmission voltages loaded on a transmitting transducer during well logging; the environment pressure is measured, and the transmission voltage and the receiving sound wave amplitude of the transmitting transducer are measured under the environment pressure; according to the transmission voltage, a corresponding curve and a multinomial coefficient which represents the curve are found from the relationship curve group; and according to the formula, the sound wave amplitude is solved after the environment pressure is rectified, wherein p1 represents a received sound wave amplitude, ki represents the multinomial coefficient of the curve, phi h2 represents the environment pressure, phi h2 represents the standard environment pressure which needs to be normalized, and n is a natural number. According the method and the system, precise well logging data is accurately compared, and oil selection position and oil discharge depth can be accurately selected with the help of the method and the system in the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system of the sound wave environment stress being corrected in sound wave amplitude well logging of being used for, wherein said environment stress is represented to be applied to the pressure on the well logging apparatus with what depth-logger changed.
Background technology
To the extraction of sound wave amplitude information be utilized in and occupy important status in the modern logging technique, in cased hole logging (for example cementing CBL, variable density log VDL, cementing acoustic imaging etc.) and open-hole logging (for example sound wave full wave train log, dipole and MAC, seisviewer and ultrasonic image logging, sound wave tomography etc.), application is arranged all.And the extraction of sound wave amplitude information often is through first crest of the sound wave (being called " Mintrop wave ") that at first arrives or the measurement of trough are realized.
In < < acoustic logging principle and application>> literary composition [referring to China National Library; Capital ICP is equipped with No. 0501420; Network address: http://res4.nlc.gov.cn/home/pdfRead.trs marcid=MDA0MTMyNjcz&channelid=2&bookid=01090489_54&datai d=cnbook¤tpage=1&pathinfo=933_200&top=&type=first& subchannel=0&ifPdfReader=0&jumpType=0&filenameSize=5&par t=0]; Tell about the main method of acoustic logging, specifically told about acoustic logging in sonic log method, the cased well, sound wave full wave train log and other acoustic logging method.The full content of this article is drawn for referencial use at this.
Sound wave is caught up to being received transducer from transmitting transducer, causes the influence factor of sound wave changes in amplitude to have a lot.Its principal element is a borehole wall situation, shows as sleeve pipe-cement in the cased well, and the degree of consolidation at two interfaces on cement-stratum; Mainly show as stratum rock signature in the open hole well.Acoustic logging method is exactly through the surveying record sound wave, analyzes its propagation time, amplitude fading and change of frequency information and judges well cementation situation or lithology and porosity of sandstones and rock stratum Elasticity character.But we should see simultaneously sound wave is impacted electroacoustic/acoustic-electric conversion efficiency of except above-mentioned principal element, also comprising radiating circuit and receiving circuit, mud balance, hole diameter, the degree of depth etc.And these factors can be reflected on the acoustic signals that receives the influence of sound wave equally. when reality was logged well, these factors varied, have only all be calibrated under the standard environment log data after, these data just have comparativity.For example when logging well in the scope of well logging team in the radius of several kilometers and log data compared; Have only through log data and be calibrated under the standard environment the different location; Improve comparativity; Could accurately realize log data objectively relatively, the oil recovery place and the fuel-displaced degree of depth that aid decision making is best.
Analyze from sound wave emissions and reception propagation path.Raw electrical signal is at first changed, is delivered in the outer medium of crystal with the form that fluctuates through the electroacoustic of radiating circuit and transducer crystal; Acoustic impedance through silicone oil-rubbery human body-mud coupling (quality of coupling effect can influence acoustic wave transmission efficient) again, with acoustic wave transmission in mud; Sound wave is propagated in mud, arrives sleeve pipe, and a part is reflected back toward mud; A part can be transmitted in the cement and in cement and stratum and propagate, and some satisfies critical condition, forms casing wave; If open hole well; Sound wave can form slide wave equally except reflection, transmission at mud-bed boundary under critical condition.At last, some sound waves arrive the receiving transducer grain boundary after through mud, through rubbery human body and silicone oil, through the acoustic-electric conversion of crystal and receiving circuit, are got off by acquisition and recording at last.
As previously mentioned, some instrument working environment factors also can influence the sound wave amplitude.They comprise: the size of sound wave emissions voltage, electroacoustic conversion performance, acoustical coupling effect, hole diameter size, mud balance, sleeve pipe material and thickness, cement grade or the like.Wherein, In the typical application CBL (cementing acoustic logging) that the sound wave amplitude information is utilized measures; People utilize the influence of factors such as sleeve pipe material, size, wall thickness, cement grade and cement thickness to the sound wave amplitude; And then the relative ratio of sound wave amplitude under the calculating different situations, reach the purpose of judging the cementing situation.
But so far, in CBL measurement and other acoustic amplitude loggings, there is not the people that the rectification of sound wave amplitude was carried out in transmitting transducer emission voltage pulsation and environment stress as yet.
The inventor be carried in the fluctuation of the emission voltage on the transmitting transducer, and slurry environment pressure is also very big to the influence of sound wave amplitude through repeatedly experiment discovery.In the well logging, the cable shaft voltage of acoustic logging instrument has fluctuation; Even the wellsite facility supply voltage is stable; But the power supply possibilities of using when squad measures in the well site of testing different time, different are different; Correct through voltage, can be aligned in the survey data of all batches under the same reference voltage, the repeatability that the well site is measured has meaning.In addition; The variation that fathoms can cause the difference of environment stress; And this variation is reflected on the first wave amplitude; If do not correct, this changes in amplitude changes weave in the first wave amplitude that causes owing to cementing situation and formation lithology behind sleeve pipe and the cover, can influence the accuracy of measurement.So the rectification of slurry environment pressure also is necessary.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above; Technical problem to be solved by this invention is; A kind of method and system of the sound wave environment stress being corrected in sound wave amplitude well logging of being used for is provided, makes the log data of different depth section of log data or same well of various places have more comparability.Thereby under the situation that improves comparability, realize that accurately objectively log data compares, the oil recovery place and/or the fuel-displaced degree of depth that aid decision making is best.
In a kind of method of environment stress being corrected in sound wave amplitude well logging of being used for of the present invention, wherein said environment stress is represented to be applied to the pressure on the well logging apparatus with what depth-logger changed, and said method comprises:
Through experiment measuring and fitting of a polynomial, the distinct transmit voltage that is carried on the transmitting transducer during to well logging draws the relation curve family between said environment stress and the said reception sound wave amplitude;
Measure an environment stress, the emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of in-site measurement and the sound wave amplitude that receives under a described environment stress;
From said relation curve family, find out the multinomial coefficient of corresponding curve and this curve of expression according to described emission voltage;
Obtain the sound wave amplitude p after environment stress is corrected by following formula
B:
In described method, preferably, said transmitting transducer is implemented as piezoceramics crystal, and/or said reception sound wave amplitude is represented with the first wave amplitude that receives sound wave.Said standard environment pressure ρ h
2Be 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2, and/or said sound wave amplitude well logging is to adopt the transmitter-receiver of 3 feet or 5 feet to carry out at interval.Only at environment stress ρ h
1Greater than 1.2 * 10
5Kg/m
2Situation under just carry out the rectification of environment stress.From said relation curve family, find out corresponding curve through interpolation method, and/or n=8.
Except environment stress is corrected; Can also further correct sound wave emissions voltage; Wherein said emission voltage is represented to be carried in the input voltage on the transmitting transducer of launching well logging sound wave, and described sound wave emissions voltage is corrected may further comprise the steps:
Through experiment measuring, different environment pressure draws the relation curve family that is linearity basically between said emission voltage and the said reception sound wave amplitude during to well logging;
The emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of in-site measurement and the sound wave amplitude that receives under a described environment stress;
From said relation curve family, find out corresponding curve and this slope of a curve according to a described environment stress;
Obtain the sound wave amplitude p after emission voltage is corrected by following formula
A:
Preferably, said standard emission voltage v
2Be 7000V, and/or from said relation curve family, find out corresponding curve through interpolation method.Said relation curve family can record by means of a voltage-withstand test bucket; The material of said test bucket and size design according to the size of cased well material commonly used and size or open hole well; Said withstand voltage bucket is vertically placed; The sleeve pipe that logger will be housed is again inserted wherein fixing between two parties, and perfusion mud in said withstand voltage bucket is regulated the interior pressure of said withstand voltage bucket through compression pump.
The present invention also correspondingly provides a kind of system of environment stress being corrected in sound wave amplitude well logging of being used for, and wherein said environment stress is represented to be applied to the pressure on the well logging apparatus with what depth-logger changed, it is characterized in that said system comprises:
Be used to measure mud density and depth-logger obtaining the environment stress measurement mechanism of environment stress,
Be used for environmental pressure apparatus for correcting that environmental pressure is corrected; Its emission voltage based on transmitting transducer is found out the multinomial coefficient of corresponding curve and this curve of expression from the second relation curve family; The wherein said second relation curve family representes the relation between said environmental pressure and the said reception sound wave amplitude, and is that the distinct transmit voltage that is carried on the transmitting transducer when being directed against well logging through experiment measuring and fitting of a polynomial obtains;
Said environment stress apparatus for correcting also is used for obtaining the sound wave amplitude p after environment stress is corrected by following formula
B:
, p wherein
1The sound wave amplitude that expression receives, k
iThe multinomial coefficient of representing this curve, ρ h
1Represent described environment stress, ρ h
2The indicate standard environment pressure that normalized to, n is a natural number.
In described system, preferably said transmitting transducer is implemented as piezoceramics crystal, and/or the sound wave amplitude of said reception is represented with the first wave amplitude that receives sound wave.Said standard environment pressure ρ h
2Can be 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2, and/or said environment stress apparatus for correcting is only at environment stress ρ h
1Greater than 1.2 * 10
5Kg/m
2Situation under just carry out described environment stress and correct, and/or the well logging of said sound wave amplitude is to adopt the transmitter-receiver of 3 feet or 5 feet to carry out at interval.Said environment stress apparatus for correcting can be found out corresponding curve through interpolation method from said relation curve family, and/or n=8.Described environment stress measurement mechanism can obtain described environment stress through measuring mud density and depth-logger.
In described system, further comprise the measure that emission voltage is corrected.For this reason, also comprise:
Launch voltage measuring apparatus, be used for the emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of in-site measurement under said environment stress;
Sound wave amplitude measurement device is used for the sound wave amplitude that in-site measurement receives under described environment stress;
Emission voltage apparatus for correcting; Be used for finding out corresponding curve and said slope of a curve from the first relation curve family according to described environment stress; The wherein said first relation curve family representes to be linear relation basically between said emission voltage and the said reception sound wave amplitude, and through experiment measuring during to well logging different environment pressure obtain; Said emission voltage apparatus for correcting also is used for obtaining the sound wave amplitude p after emission voltage is corrected by following formula
A:
, p wherein
bRepresent said sound wave amplitude after environment stress is corrected, μ
1Represent said slope of a curve, v
1The emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of expression in-site measurement, v
2The indicate standard emission voltage that normalized to.
Preferably, said standard emission voltage v
2Be 7000V.Said emission voltage apparatus for correcting is found out corresponding curve through interpolation method from the said first relation curve family (A1-A20).
Description of drawings
Specific embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.Among the figure:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to the emission voltage measurement system of sonic wave transmitting circuit of the present invention and transmitting transducer.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map that the emission magnitude of voltage of transmitting transducer is carried out sampled measurements according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the laboratory measurement environment sketch map of acoustic logging instrument.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation between the first wave amplitude of the emission voltage under the varying environment pressure and 3 inches reception sound waves through experimental measurement.
Fig. 5 through laboratory measurement and higher order polynomial modeling obtain, graph of a relation between the first wave amplitude of difference emission voltage environment stress and 3 inches reception sound waves down.
Fig. 6 launches the system block diagram that voltage is corrected and environment stress is corrected according to the present invention to the sound wave amplitude.
The specific embodiment
The relation of the sound wave amplitude that at first analyze to receive and the emission voltage of the transmitting transducer that is used to send sound wave:
SATT in the well mainly comprises: spreading loss and absorption loss water J in the mud
1, along the propagation loss J of the borehole wall
2, other loss, relevant such as conduction of heat absorption loss water and relaxation absorption loss water with temperature, material, but all very little, can ignore.
The sound wave sound intensity J that receiving transducer receives can be expressed as:
10log(J)=10log(J
0)-10log(J
1)-10log(J
2)
Geometry spreading loss and mud absorption loss water are:
Wherein, α
1Be the mud acoustical absorptivity, it is relevant with frequency of sound wave,
Be the distance of transmitting terminal to the borehole wall,
Be the distance of the borehole wall to receiving terminal.
J
0=
Wherein ρ is a mud density, and c is the velocity of sound, p
0Be initial acoustic pressure.
Initial acoustic pressure p
0Relevant with emission voltage, can be write as for simplicity:
Wherein μ is a sound pressure sensitivity; Dielectric coefficient, density and the modulus of elasticity and mechanical parameter and duties relevant (whether crystal is operated under the resonant condition) such as Bai Song compares of it and ceramic crystal, in reality, this coefficient μ and ambient pressure also have relation; Be because the change of ambient pressure can change the physical boundary conditions of crystal first; And then the resonant condition of change crystal, when second pressure was big, the silicone oil-rubbery human body-mud degree of coupling of transducer outside was much better.Same emission voltage, the degree of coupling are good more, and the energy that transmission gets into mud is big more.
For J
2, the sound wave propagation characteristic is complicated in the borehole wall and the stratum, and existing slide wave induces ground roll to exist again, and it is the main research object in the acoustic amplitude logging.Their acoustic properties-velocity of sound, amplitude fading, change of frequency rule etc. can be reflected in the acoustic signals that receives, and through signal analysis, people can judge and assess the borehole wall or strata condition, and for example cementing is fine or not, the stratum elastic property.But, obvious J
1Influence also can be reflected in the acoustic signals that receives, so what need do here is in the sound wave that receives, to reject J as far as possible
1Influence.
Influence J
1Principal element except hole diameter, also comprise that mud balance (sees also: acoustic logging principle and application, Zhang Chengguang, Jiang Wanzhe, Pan's peace, petroleum industry publishing house; Beijing; 2009.3, the 23-25 page or leaf), and emission voltage, depth-logger and the temperature that possibly change at any time.Wherein the difference of mud balance can cause mud acoustic impedance difference, and the transmission loss of boundary reflection loss, transducer and the slurry interface of mud absorption loss water, mud and casing wall, the sound wave spread speed in mud changes.The variation of supply voltage can influence the driving voltage of transducer, changes the amplitude that transmits.Along with the variation that fathoms, outer water pressure can be different, and the mechanical boundary condition of acoustic wave transducer is just different; The mode of oscillation of transducer will change, and be reflected in reception signal amplitude on the receiving transducer and can change and (see also: applied acoustics basis-real axis integration method and two-dimensional spectrum technology, Shen Jianguo; Publishing house of University Of Tianjin; Tianjin, 2004.9, the 82-85 pages or leaves); In addition, ambient pressure increases, and the acoustical coupling of transducer also can be strengthened, and shows that equally the amplitude that receives signal can become big.Among the application, only pay close attention to the variation of emission voltage, mud balance and depth-logger to the sound wave amplitude.
Through top analysis, can think that amplitude p that receives acoustic signals and the sound wave emissions voltage v that is carried on the transmitting transducer should be approximated to linear relationship, explain as follows:
Wherein μ is a sound pressure sensitivity, and q is a constant.In view of the variation of mud balance and depth-logger, the influence of system is wanted complicated many, can be by the method for laboratory measurement, data fitting, with this relation with multinomial with show:
Definition environment pressure parameter
; ρ is a mud density; H is the well logging vertical depth, and n can get suitable natural number as required.
The well site is measured and laboratory measurement in real time
Through top analysis,, need to measure in real time two parameters: driving voltage on the transmitting transducer and/or ambient parameter ρ h, the i.e. product of the mud density and the vertical survey degree of depth for emission voltage and/or environment stress are corrected.Previous parameter can realize that through real-time measuring mode a back parameter can record in the laboratory in the well logging process.They are introduced respectively as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, it has provided the block diagram according to the emission voltage measurement system of sonic wave transmitting circuit of the present invention and transmitting transducer.In general, AC power 1 provides power supply for rectification circuit 2, so that the DC voltage after the rectification is offered storage capacitor 3.The voltage of this storage capacitor 7 generates transient pulse through the switching effect of switch controlling device 4, amplifies through output transformer 5 then and exports to transmitting transducer 6 (being piezoceramics crystal here).Piezoceramics crystal 6 is launched well logging sound wave, is received by unshowned receiver.Here, exemplarily adopt 3 feet transmitter-receiver interval.The transmitter-receiver that obviously also can adopt 5 feet or other size according to applicable cases at interval.
Here, the radiating circuit of transmitting transducer (for example ceramic crystal) is made up of 2 parts: accumulator and emission drive circuit.
1, accumulator
Because the excitation of piezoelectric ceramics needs very high instantaneous energy, for this part energy that provides that can be stable, circuit has adopted the mode of storage capacitor 3.
The cable shaft voltage for example is a 250V 50Hz alternating current, is DC voltage through full-bridge circuit 2 rectifications, and this DC voltage charges to storage capacitor 3, and the voltage on storage capacitor after a period of time 3 tends towards stability; The time constant of charging depends on the parameter of circuit, and this time constant is far smaller than the time interval of twice emitting in the practical application, to guarantee the having sufficient time that storage capacitor is charged.
In to storage capacitor 3 chargings, can adopt a unshowned diode to carry out back clamping, after storage capacitor voltage 3 tends towards stability, can not form ripple, guaranteed the stability of emission voltage.
2, emission drive circuit
Before ON-OFF control circuit 4, storage capacitor 3 is measured, then measurement result multiply by the multiple of output transformer 5, be the emission voltage that is carried on the transmitting transducer crystal 6.
Under the state of piezoelectric ceramics 6 resonance, it can equivalence be a pure resistance R0, and at this moment its transmitting power P and the relation that is added between the voltage U above it are P=U
2/ R0.Therefore, the emitted energy of piezoelectric ceramics 6 be obtained, the voltage swing that is added in above it must be recorded.But, in practical application,, often reach several kilovolts, and the time that continues is very short because this magnitude of voltage is very high, bring difficulty for the design of measuring circuit.
The voltage of considering piezoelectric ceramics 6 is that storage capacitor 3 voltages are come through transformer coupled, is simple linear relationship between them.Therefore only need measure the voltage of T-time storage capacitor 3, just can obtain the voltage of piezoelectric ceramics 6, extrapolate emitted energy.
Shown in Figure 2 is voltage waveform view on the storage capacitor 3, and the choosing of sampled point.As shown in Figure 2, for measuring the voltage on the storage capacitor 3, take to measure the voltage on the time point when just in time sending transmitted pulse, this voltage is the maximum voltage value that storage capacitor 3 possesses.
The environment stress parameter also can be measured, and before well logging squad every survey a bite well, the mud balance of using during previous drillng operation all is known; And the vertical survey degree of depth also is the cable length that can transfer through calculating and transfer the inclination angle and obtain.Before dispatching from the factory, the characteristic of every batch instrument is different, need before dispatching from the factory, in the laboratory, carry out pressure test, and the measuring system scheme of installation is as shown in Figure 3.Can find out that from this Fig. 3 for measuring the relation that receives between sound wave and the emission voltage, need a sealing voltage-withstand test bucket, the material and the size of test bucket design according to cased well material commonly used and size (or size of open hole well).Should vertically place by withstand voltage bucket, acoustic logging instrument is inserted wherein fix between two parties again, perfusion mud is regulated a barrel internal pressure through compression pump in the bucket.The data that acoustic logging instrument obtains are transferred to ground logging instrument host computer through cable, to analyze and to handle.
Here the measurement result with 7inch under the normal temperature (7 inches) sleeve pipe illustrates.Can certainly adopt the sleeve pipe of other size and measurement result correspondingly.
Relation between the first wave amplitude of the emission voltage that records under the varying environment pressure parameter and 3 feet reception sound waves has been shown in Fig. 4.Curve A 1, A2, A3 ..A20 correspond respectively to following environment stress parameter among the figure:
A1: environment stress parameter ρ h=0.2814 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A2: environment stress parameter ρ h=0.5628 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A3: environment stress parameter ρ h=0.8443 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A4: environment stress parameter ρ h=1.1257 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A5: environment stress parameter ρ h=1.4071 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A6: environment stress parameter ρ h=1.6885 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A7: environment stress parameter ρ h=1.9699 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A8: environment stress parameter ρ h=2.2513 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A9: environment stress parameter ρ h=2.5328 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A10: environment stress parameter ρ h=2.8142 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A11: environment stress parameter ρ h=3.0956 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A12: environment stress parameter ρ h=3.3770 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A13: environment stress parameter ρ h=3.6584 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A14: environment stress parameter ρ h=3.9399 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A15: environment stress parameter ρ h=4.2213 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A16: environment stress parameter ρ h=4.5027 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A17: environment stress parameter ρ h=4.7841 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A18: environment stress parameter ρ h=5.0655 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A19: environment stress parameter ρ h=5.3470 * 10
5Kg/m
2
A20: environment stress parameter ρ h=5.6284 * 10
5Kg/m
2
As shown in Figure 4, measurement result shows, emission voltage harmony wave amplitude presents tangible linear relationship, and their slope is basic identical, the biasing of sound wave amplitude then with the environment stress relating to parameters.This is consistent with top theoretical analysis result.Through this preset existing functional relation is carried out modeling, can find the solution the parameter in each linear function easily.
Environment stress to the sound wave amplitude influence relative complex some, be difficult to find analytical expression accurately, the inventor carries out modeling through the method for measured data of experiment and fitting of a polynomial to both relations, its result is as shown in Figure 5.
Relation between the first wave amplitude of the environment stress parameter that records under the difference emission voltage parameter and 3 feet reception sound waves has been shown in Fig. 5.Curve B 1, B2, B3 ..B10 correspond respectively to following emission voltage parameter among the figure:
B1: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 5500V
B2: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 5700V
B3: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 5900V
B4: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 6100V
B5: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 6300V
B6: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 6500V
B7: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 6700V
B8: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 6900V
B9: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 7100V
B10: survey data and matched curve when emission voltage is 7300V
As can be seen from Figure 5, along with the increase of environment stress parameter, the sound wave amplitude significantly strengthens; After environment stress is increased to a certain degree (as among Fig. 5 about 1.2 * 10
5Kg/m
2Afterwards), pushing the speed of sound wave amplitude eased up.
Can find out that from above measurement result the minor fluctuations of cable shaft voltage all can produce bigger influence to the emission voltage that is applied on the crystal 6 after boosting through transformer 5, and then changes the magnitude of acoustic waves of launching.In order to let all log datas all unify under the fixing voltage, the acoustic signals amplitude that measures under the actual transmission voltage is arbitrarily all normalized on the standard emission voltage of 7000V.As shown in Figure 4, at given ambient pressure environment parameter ρ h
1Under certain situation, emission voltage v
1With the acoustic signals amplitude p that receives
1Linear:
(3)
Similarly, μ
1Be sound pressure sensitivity, q
1Be constant, referring to formula (1).Under the situation of environment stress parameter constant, if emission voltage becomes v
2, then receive the amplitude p of signal accordingly
2For:
(4)
Then have following relation to set up:
Make v
2Equal standard emission voltage 7000V, then can obtain current pressure parameter ρ h
1Down, the sound wave amplitude p after emission voltage is corrected
aValue:
Next, optionally or additionally, again according to the present invention to this sound wave range value p
aCarry out the environment stress calibration.Established standards environment stress parameter ρ h is 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2,
As previously mentioned, the relation of signal amplitude and environment stress parameter is too complicated, is difficult to find analytical expression accurately, and this problem can be through repeatedly measurement and higher order polynomial fit method solve in the practical application.Under the standard emission voltage of 7000V for example, according to the formula (2) of preamble, current environment pressure parameter ρ h
1With sound wave amplitude p
1Have following relation:
Under the constant situation of standard emission voltage, the environment stress parameter becomes ρ h
2, then corresponding reception signal amplitude p
2For:
(8)
Then have following relation to set up:
Make ρ h
2Equal standard environment pressure parameter 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2, then can obtain environment stress calibration sound wave amplitude p afterwards
b:
Last expression formula:
(11)
v
1, p
1With ρ h
1Be respectively current emission voltage, current sound wave amplitude and current environment pressure parameter, they can be by real-time measurement, constant 7000V and 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2Be respectively the normal voltage and the standard environment parameter that need be normalized to, coefficient k
iAnd μ
iThe method through laboratory measurement and the modeling of survey data higher order polynomial obtains.N gets natural number as required, in engineering, for example can get 7-11 usually.
What more than tell about is to launch voltage earlier to correct, and then carries out the rectification of uniting of environment stress rectification.In fact, two kinds of rectifications can be carried out separately respectively.Separate voltages is corrected can be according to formula
(12)
Carry out.
Correct for independent environment stress, above formula (11) becomes general expression:
So far, the emission voltage of sound wave amplitude and environment stress are corrected and have just been accomplished.
Logging instrument can carry out uniformity before dispatching from the factory handles, and guarantees that under same environment the measurement result of same batch instrument is the same, can be referred to as the preceding scale that dispatches from the factory.Then this batch instrument is selected one, according to the method for top theory, become the cable shaft voltage, become water-pressure survey,, draw image pattern 4, the such figure of Fig. 5, and find the solution the expression formula coefficient according to initial data of measuring and preset relational expression (1), (2); (example in the preceding text is 7000V and/or 3 * 10 for established standards emission voltage and/or standard environment pressure parameter again
5Kg/m
2); At last with these known parameters with wait to correct in data substitution formula (6), (11) or (12), just can obtain the sound wave range value after the rectification.Enumerate two instances below.
Embodiment one
Suppose that certain mouthful of well of certain well logging squad measurement obtains following data:
Well logging environment stress parameter is ρ h
1=4.7841 * 10
5Kg/m
2, the crystal emission voltage that monitors simultaneously is 7100V, the magnitude of acoustic waves that the 3feet place receives (being example here with the Mintrop wave) is 1200mV.
At first, in Fig. 4 of this instrument " voltage-amplitude " indicatrix, finding the environment stress parameter is 4.7841 * 10
5Kg/m
2Curve (in reality, possibly just not be 4.7841 * 10
5Kg/m
2Curve, but can be at an easy rate find this curve according to Fig. 4 with the method for interpolation), at this moment the coefficient of " voltage-amplitude " relation curve is
μ wherein
1=0.1673, and the data of actual measurement are: v
1=7100V, p
1=1200mV,
These parameters and data substitution formula (6) can be obtained correcting sound wave amplitude p afterwards through emission voltage separately
aValue:
Also promptly: P
a=1183.27mV
Then; Alternatively or additionally; It is (same in Fig. 5 " pressure parameter-amplitude " indicatrix, to find crystal to launch the curve that voltage is 7100V; Possibly just not be the curve of 7100V in the reality, but also can be at an easy rate find this curve with the method for interpolation according to Fig. 5), at this moment the coefficient of " pressure parameter---amplitude " relation curve is
Wherein
=4.7841 * 10
5Kg/m
2, through the coefficient of repeatedly measuring and the higher order polynomial match obtains be in advance:
k0?=?-3.397×10
-047
k1?=?9.731×10
-041?
k2?=?-1.174×10
-034?
k3?=?7.754×10
-029
k4?=?-3.047×10
-023
k5?=?7.221×10
-018
k6?=?-9.82×10
-013
k7?=?6.18×10
-008?
k8?=?0.0005099
k9?=?1015
These parameters and data substitution formula (12) can be obtained correcting sound wave amplitude p afterwards through environment stress separately
bValue:
P
b=1194.83mv
Perhaps, these parameters and data substitution formula (11) can be obtained uniting the sound wave amplitude p after correcting through emission voltage and environment stress
bValue:
(wherein n=8)
Obtain: P
b=1178.1mV.
Embodiment two
Suppose that certain mouthful of well of certain well logging squad measurement obtains following data:
Well logging environment stress parameter is ρ h
1=1.4071 * 10
5Kg/m
2, the crystal emission voltage that monitors simultaneously is 6500V, the magnitude of acoustic waves that the 3feet place receives (being example here with the Mintrop wave) is 980mV.
At first, in Fig. 4 of this instrument " voltage-amplitude " indicatrix, finding the environment stress parameter is 1.4071 * 10
5Kg/m
2Curve (in reality, possibly just not be 1.4071 * 10
5Kg/m
2Curve, but can be at an easy rate find this curve according to Fig. 4 with the method for interpolation), at this moment the coefficient of " voltage-amplitude " relation curve is
μ wherein
1=0.163, and the real data of measuring is: v
1=6500V, p
1=980mV.
These parameters and data substitution formula (6) can be obtained correcting sound wave amplitude p afterwards through emission voltage separately
aValue:
Also be P
a=1061.5mV
Then; Alternatively or additionally; It is (same in Fig. 5 " pressure parameter---amplitude " indicatrix, to find crystal to launch the curve that voltage is 6500V; Possibly just not be the curve of 6500V in the reality, but also can be at an easy rate find this curve with the method for interpolation according to Fig. 5), at this moment the coefficient of " pressure parameter---amplitude " relation curve is
Wherein
=1.4071 * 10
5Kg/m
2, through the coefficient of repeatedly measuring and the higher order polynomial match obtains be in advance:
k0?=?-1.948×10
-047
k1?=?5.918×10
-041
k2?=?-7.525×10
-035
k3?=?5.212×10
-029
k4?=?-2.138×10
-023
k5?=?5.262×10
-018
k6?=?-7.339×10
-013
k7?=?4.513×10
-008
k8?=?0.0008742
k9?=?928.8
These parameters and data substitution formula (12) can be obtained correcting sound wave amplitude p afterwards through environment stress separately
bValue:
Obtain: P
b=1130.5mv
Perhaps, these parameters and data substitution formula (11) can be obtained uniting the sound wave amplitude p after correcting through emission voltage and environment stress
bValue:
Obtain: P
b=1212mV
In view of the above, through emission voltage and/or environment stress being corrected, can eliminate the influence of voltage pulsation or environment stress fluctuation to log data according to the present invention.Through log data normalization is arrived under unified the emission voltage and environment stress; Make various places log data and same bore but the log data of different depth section has more comparability; For accurately finding out best oil recovery position more objective comparing data is provided, thereby has accurately found the most valuable oil well and/or the fuel-displaced degree of depth.
Claims (16)
1. one kind is used for the method for environment stress being corrected in sound wave amplitude well logging, and wherein said environment stress is represented to be applied to the pressure on the well logging apparatus with what depth-logger changed,
It is characterized in that said method comprises:
Through experiment measuring and fitting of a polynomial, the distinct transmit voltage that is carried on the transmitting transducer (6) during to well logging draws the relation curve family (B1-B10) between said environment stress and the said reception sound wave amplitude;
Measure an environment stress, the emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of in-site measurement and the sound wave amplitude that receives under a described environment stress;
From said relation curve family (B1-B10), find out the multinomial coefficient of corresponding curve and this curve of expression according to described emission voltage;
Obtain the sound wave amplitude p after environment stress is corrected by following formula
B:
, p wherein
1Represent the said sound wave amplitude that receives, k
iThe multinomial coefficient of representing this curve, ρ h
1Represent a described environment stress, ρ h
2The indicate standard environment pressure that normalized to, n is a natural number.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said transmitting transducer is implemented as piezoceramics crystal, and/or said reception sound wave amplitude is represented with the first wave amplitude that receives sound wave.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said standard environment pressure ρ h
2Be 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2, and/or said sound wave amplitude well logging is to adopt the transmitter-receiver of 3 feet or 5 feet to carry out at interval.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, only at environment stress ρ h
1Greater than 1.2 * 10
5Kg/m
2Situation under just carry out the rectification of environment stress.
5. like the described method of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, from said relation curve family (B1-B10), find out corresponding curve through interpolation method, and/or n=8.
6. the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that; Further sound wave emissions voltage is corrected, wherein said emission voltage is represented to be carried in the input voltage on the transmitting transducer (6) of launching well logging sound wave, and described sound wave emissions voltage is corrected may further comprise the steps:
Through experiment measuring, different environment pressure draws the relation curve family (A1-A20) that is linearity basically between said emission voltage and the said reception sound wave amplitude during to well logging;
The emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of in-site measurement and the sound wave amplitude that receives under a described environment stress;
From said relation curve family (A1-A20), find out corresponding curve and this slope of a curve according to a described environment stress;
Obtain the sound wave amplitude p after emission voltage is corrected by following formula
A:
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, said standard emission voltage v
2Be 7000V, and/or from said relation curve family (A1-A20), find out corresponding curve through interpolation method.
8. method as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that said relation curve family (A1-A20) records by means of a voltage-withstand test bucket, the material of said test bucket and size design according to the size of cased well material commonly used and size or open hole well; Said withstand voltage bucket is vertically placed; The sleeve pipe that logger will be housed is again inserted wherein fixing between two parties, and perfusion mud in said withstand voltage bucket is regulated the interior pressure of said withstand voltage bucket through compression pump.
9. one kind is used for the system of environment stress being corrected in sound wave amplitude well logging, and wherein said environment stress is represented to be applied to the pressure on the well logging apparatus with what depth-logger changed, it is characterized in that said system comprises:
Be used to measure mud density and depth-logger obtaining the environment stress measurement mechanism of environment stress,
Be used for environmental pressure apparatus for correcting that environmental pressure is corrected; Its emission voltage based on transmitting transducer is found out the multinomial coefficient of corresponding curve and this curve of expression from the second relation curve family (B1-B10); Relation between the wherein said second relation curve family (B1-B10) said environmental pressure of expression and the said reception sound wave amplitude, and be that the distinct transmit voltage that is carried on the transmitting transducer (6) when being directed against well logging through experiment measuring and fitting of a polynomial obtains;
Said environment stress apparatus for correcting also is used for obtaining the sound wave amplitude p after environment stress is corrected by following formula
B:
, p wherein
1The sound wave amplitude that expression receives, k
iThe multinomial coefficient of representing this curve, ρ h
1Represent described environment stress, ρ h
2The indicate standard environment pressure that normalized to, n is a natural number.
10. system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that said transmitting transducer is implemented as piezoceramics crystal, and/or the sound wave amplitude of said reception is represented with the first wave amplitude that receives sound wave.
11. system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, said standard environment pressure ρ h
2Be 3 * 10
5Kg/m
2, and/or said environment stress apparatus for correcting is only at environment stress ρ h
1Greater than 1.2 * 10
5Kg/m
2Situation under just carry out described environment stress and correct, and/or the well logging of said sound wave amplitude is to adopt the transmitter-receiver of 3 feet or 5 feet to carry out at interval.
12., it is characterized in that said environment stress apparatus for correcting is found out corresponding curve through interpolation method from said relation curve family (B1-B10), and/or n=8 like the described system of one of claim 9-11.
13., it is characterized in that described environment stress measurement mechanism obtains described environment stress through measuring mud density and depth-logger like the described system of one of claim 9-11.
14. system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Launch voltage measuring apparatus, be used for the emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of in-site measurement under said environment stress;
Sound wave amplitude measurement device is used for the sound wave amplitude that in-site measurement receives under described environment stress;
Emission voltage apparatus for correcting; Be used for finding out corresponding curve and said slope of a curve from the first relation curve family (A1-A20) according to described environment stress; Basically be linear relation between the said emission voltage of the wherein said first relation curve family (A1-A20) expression and the said reception sound wave amplitude, and obtain through experiment measuring different environment pressure when logging well; Said emission voltage apparatus for correcting also is used for obtaining the sound wave amplitude p after emission voltage is corrected by following formula
A:
, p wherein
bRepresent said sound wave amplitude after environment stress is corrected, μ
1Represent said slope of a curve, v
1The emission voltage of the said transmitting transducer of expression in-site measurement, v
2The indicate standard emission voltage that normalized to.
15. system as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, said standard emission voltage v
2Be 7000V.
16., it is characterized in that said emission voltage apparatus for correcting is found out corresponding curve through interpolation method like the described system of one of claim 14-15 from the said first relation curve family (A1-A20).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103114844A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-05-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Instrument eccentricity correction method in horizontal well acoustic cement bond logging |
| CN105840174A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Difference sum circuit in lateral logger |
| CN111980676A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for evaluating well cementation quality through array acoustic logging and processing device |
| CN116953796A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-27 | 中石化经纬有限公司 | Deep-ground deep-sea sound wave far-detection underground transmitting and receiving compensation method, device and system |
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| CN202431268U (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-09-12 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Device for rectifying sound wave environment pressure in sound wave amplitude logging |
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| US4113012A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1978-09-12 | Halliburton Company | Reclosable circulation valve for use in oil well testing |
| GB2006853A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1979-05-10 | Halliburton Co | Reclosable circulation valve for use in oil well testing |
| US4794572A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-12-27 | Amoco Corporation | Acoustic well logging method and system for obtaining a measure of formation anisotropy |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103114844A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-05-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Instrument eccentricity correction method in horizontal well acoustic cement bond logging |
| CN103114844B (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2015-06-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Instrument eccentricity correction method in horizontal well acoustic cement bond logging |
| CN105840174A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Difference sum circuit in lateral logger |
| CN111980676A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for evaluating well cementation quality through array acoustic logging and processing device |
| CN111980676B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2023-11-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and processing device for evaluating well cementation quality by array acoustic logging |
| CN116953796A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-27 | 中石化经纬有限公司 | Deep-ground deep-sea sound wave far-detection underground transmitting and receiving compensation method, device and system |
| CN116953796B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-12-12 | 中石化经纬有限公司 | Deep-ground deep-sea sound wave far-detection underground transmitting and receiving compensation method, device and system |
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