CN102325863B - Waste heat boiler - Google Patents

Waste heat boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102325863B
CN102325863B CN201080008773.4A CN201080008773A CN102325863B CN 102325863 B CN102325863 B CN 102325863B CN 201080008773 A CN201080008773 A CN 201080008773A CN 102325863 B CN102325863 B CN 102325863B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
waste heat
tubular channel
heat boiler
deflecting plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
CN201080008773.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102325863A (en
Inventor
T·P·冯科萨克格洛切维斯基
C·J·舍勒肯斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Publication of CN102325863A publication Critical patent/CN102325863A/en
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Publication of CN102325863B publication Critical patent/CN102325863B/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/10—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing overheating, e.g. heat shields
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste heat boiler (1) being an elongated vessel comprising a co-axial positioned tubular channel (4) for hot gas, said channel further being provided with an inlet (11) for hot gas and an outlet for cooled gas, wherein a gas pathway (6) is defined between said inlet and outlet of said tubular channel and wherein in the gas pathway one or more bundles of tubular cooling surfaces (7) are present, said tubular cooling surfaces positioned co-axial with the channel, wherein the tubular channel is closed at one end (8), thereby forming a gas reversal chamber (9), and wherein the gas inlet is an opening in the wall of the tubular channel positioned between the gas reversal chamber and the gas pathway, wherein the inlet for hot gas is connected to an inlet conduit (11), which conduit is positioned under an angle a with said tubular channel and wherein at the hot gas inlet in the tubular channel a diverter plate (12) is present.

Description

Waste heat boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste heat boiler, for the cooling hot gas that is loaded with solid.
Background technology
Such waste heat boiler has been described in US-A-2006076272.The disclosure textual description a kind of typical coal gasification method carrying out in elongation type gasification reactor vessels.When hot gas is discharged by gasifying reactor, hot gas need to be deflected 180 degree to flow downward in waste heat boiler.In the design of US-A-2006076272, the deflection of hot gas is via becoming crooked pipeline section and subsequent the gas reversion chamber of about 45 ° to carry out with sea line, and wherein, in gas reversion chamber, gas is deflected 135 °.Gas reversion chamber is positioned at the upper end of waste heat boiler.
A shortcoming of the gasification structure of this prior art design is, in operation, on the cooling surface that solid may be in being present in waste heat boiler and the supporting structure of cooling surface, gathers.
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of modified version waste heat boiler.This object realizes by following waste heat boiler.
, it is elongation type container, comprises the tubular channel for hot gas of coaxial setting, described tubular channel is further provided with for the entrance of hot gas with for the outlet of cooling gas, wherein
Gas passage is defined between the described entrance and outlet of described tubular channel, and wherein, in described gas passage, is provided with one or more bundles of tubulose cooling surface, and described tubulose cooling surface and described tubular channel arrange coaxially, wherein
Described tubular channel is at one end sealed, thereby form gas reversion chamber, and wherein, gas inlet is the opening in the wall of described tubular channel, this opening is between gas reversion chamber and gas passage, and wherein the entrance for hot gas is connected to inlet duct, and the angled α of described inlet duct and described tubular channel arranges, and wherein
Hot gas ingress in described tubular channel, is provided with deflecting plate.
Applicant's discovery, by such plate is set, gas flows through waste heat boiler more equably.Because gas velocity is more even, almost viscous flow, so solid can not have an opportunity to gather on the supporting structure of cooling surface and cooling surface, therefore, obtains better heat and transmits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below will utilize Fig. 1-2 to carry out further example explanation to the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the top according to waste heat boiler of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the sectional view AA' of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the top 1 of waste heat boiler 2, and this waste heat boiler is elongation type container 3.Container 3 comprises the tubular channel 4 for hot gas of coaxial setting.Passage 4 be provided with for the entrance 5 of hot gas and container 3 lower ends for the outlet of cooling gas (not shown in this Figure).Gas passage 6 is defined between the described entrance 5 and outlet of described tubular channel 4.In gas passage 6, be provided with one or more bundles 7 of tubulose cooling surface.Bundle 7 and the passage of tubulose cooling surface arrange coaxially.Described tubular channel 4 is 8 sealings at one end, thereby form gas reversion chamber 9.Gas inlet 5 is the opening in the wall 10 of tubular channel 4, and this opening is between gas reversion chamber 9 and gas passage 6.Entrance 5 for hot gas is connected to inlet duct 11, and the angled α of described inlet duct and described tubular channel 4 arranges.Angle [alpha] is preferably between 30 to 90 °.At these optimized angles, when hot gas in use flows through inlet duct 11, the bending that hot gas is greater than 90 ° by formation in inflow gas path 6 time.An example of waste heat boiler 2 as above is described in above-mentioned US-A-2006076272.
Fig. 1 also shows the additional deflecting plate 12 that is arranged in tubular channel 4 hot gas entrance 5 places.Such plate can advantageously be added to the waste heat boiler of US-A-2006076272, to improve flow pattern by airflow balancing the transmission of therefore increase heat.Phrase " at hot gas entrance 5 places " refers to: in situation about arranging vertically at container 3 (this is the situation for its when application expection) at equal height place.In this manner, in use, at least some gas that enters tubular channel 4 will impinge upon on described deflecting plate 12.Deflecting plate 12 preferably becomes the angle beta setting between 5 to 45 ° with the longitudinal axis of tubular channel 4, and wherein the top of deflecting plate is along the mobile direction rotation that deviates from the hot gas entering, as shown in fig. 1.More preferably, deflecting plate 12 becomes the angle beta setting between 10 to 25 ° with the longitudinal axis of tubular channel 4, even more preferably becomes the angle beta setting of 15 °.In a preferred embodiment, angle beta can change.Preferably, the size of plate and the position in tubular channel make to form at least two main gas inlet passages 13 and 14, for hot gas, towards gas passage, 6 flow.Preferably form four gas passages.Article one, main gas inlet passage 13 will extend via reverse chamber 9 of gas, and a main gas inlet passage extends the opening via direct connection gas inlet 5 and gas passage 6 15.Two other gas passage 20a and 20b are positioned on the left side and right side of plate, as shown in Figure 2.
Preferably, plate 12 is provided with refrigerating unit.More preferably, refrigerating unit is the one or more pipelines 16 with entrance 17 and outlet 18 for heat-eliminating medium, as shown in Figure 2.Suitable heat-eliminating medium is cold water or boiling water.Plate 12 is suitably supported by supporting bar 21.Supporting bar 21 is suitably fixing in the Si Ge edge of the plate 12 of preferred rectangle.
Plate 12 can suitably be provided with one or more mechanical cleaning devices 19 or sandblast machine, for removing any solid that may gather during operation.The surface of plate 12 can suitably be provided with refractory masses or be provided with coating layer.
In the situation that having and there is no deflecting plate 12, measure and analyze the homogeneity of the air-flow in waste heat boiler 2.Along the bundle at tubulose cooling surface more than 7 0.5 meter, perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the bundle 7 of tubulose cooling surface and along the bundle 7 that enters tubulose cooling surface be 0.5 meter, perpendicular to the velocity distribution of the level measurement gas of the bundle 7 of tubulose cooling surface.
Gas velocity distribution is characterized best by the rootmean-square (RMS) of the standard deviation of velocity amplitude or the speed variation of departure.RMS is a kind of standard statistical routines, for the degree of estimating that variable changes at its mean value around, by general technical staff of the technical field of the invention is known.
In the situation that not using deflecting plate 12,0.5 meter of more than the top of the bundle 7 of tubulose cooling surface, the RMS value that gas velocity distributes is 37.4%, and in the situation that use the deflecting plate 12 arranging in 20 ° of angle betas, RMS value is 5.2%, in the situation that use the deflecting plate 12 arranging in 15 ° of angle betas, RMS value is 5.6%, with the situation comparison of not using deflecting plate 12, both there is the gas velocity distribution of about seven times to improve.
In the situation that not using deflecting plate 12,0.5 meter of below the top of the bundle 7 of tubulose cooling surface, the RMS value that gas velocity distributes is 8.5%, and in the situation that use the deflecting plate 12 arranging in 20 ° of angle betas, RMS value is 4.0%, in the situation that use the deflecting plate 12 arranging in 15 ° of angle betas, RMS value is 3.7%, with the situation comparison of not using deflecting plate 12, both there is gas velocity distribution more than twice to improve.
Therefore, use bundle that deflecting plate 12 all increased tubulose cooling surface significantly more than 7 with the homogeneity of inner gas velocity.

Claims (12)

1. a waste heat boiler, it is elongation type container, comprises the tubular channel for hot gas of coaxial setting, described tubular channel is further provided with for the entrance of hot gas with for the outlet of cooling gas, wherein
Gas passage is defined between the described entrance and described outlet of described tubular channel, and wherein, in described gas passage, is provided with one or more bundles of tubulose cooling surface, and described tubulose cooling surface and described tubular channel arrange coaxially, wherein
Described tubular channel is at one end sealed, thereby form gas reversion chamber, and wherein, the described entrance for hot gas is the opening of the wall of described tubular channel, this opening is between gas reversion chamber and gas passage, and the wherein said entrance for hot gas is connected to inlet duct, and the angled α of described inlet duct and described tubular channel arranges, and wherein
The described ingress for hot gas in described tubular channel, is provided with deflecting plate, and wherein, described deflecting plate is arranged to form at least two main gas inlet passages in described tubular channel, for hot gas, towards gas passage, flows.
2. waste heat boiler according to claim 1, wherein, described deflecting plate becomes the angle beta setting between 5 ° to 45 ° with the longitudinal axis of described tubular channel.
3. waste heat boiler according to claim 1, wherein, described deflecting plate becomes the angle beta setting between 10 ° to 25 ° with the longitudinal axis of described tubular channel.
4. waste heat boiler according to claim 1, wherein, described deflecting plate becomes the angle beta setting of 15 ° with the longitudinal axis of described tubular channel.
5. according to the waste heat boiler described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, in at least two main gas inlet passages, article one, main gas inlet passage forms via gas reversion chamber, main gas inlet passage form via described in direct connection for the opening of hot gas entrance and gas passage.
6. according to the waste heat boiler described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, described deflecting plate is provided with refrigerating unit.
7. waste heat boiler according to claim 6, wherein, described refrigerating unit is the one or more pipelines with entrance and exit for heat-eliminating medium.
8. according to the waste heat boiler described in any one in claim 2-4, wherein, described angle beta can change.
9. according to the waste heat boiler described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, described deflecting plate is provided with mechanical cleaning device.
10. according to the waste heat boiler described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, be provided with sandblast machine for clean deflecting plate.
11. according to the waste heat boiler described in any one in claim 1-4, and wherein, the surface of described deflecting plate is provided with refractory masses or is provided with coating layer.
12. waste heat boilers according to claim 5, wherein, at least two main gas inlet passages, exist and lay respectively at the left side of deflecting plate and two the other main gas inlet passages on right side.
CN201080008773.4A 2009-02-23 2010-02-22 Waste heat boiler Active CN102325863B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09153429.7 2009-02-23
EP09153429 2009-02-23
PCT/EP2010/052207 WO2010094797A2 (en) 2009-02-23 2010-02-22 Waste heat boiler

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102325863A CN102325863A (en) 2012-01-18
CN102325863B true CN102325863B (en) 2014-01-29

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CN201080008773.4A Active CN102325863B (en) 2009-02-23 2010-02-22 Waste heat boiler

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US (1) US20120017853A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2398871A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2012518772A (en)
CN (1) CN102325863B (en)
AU (1) AU2010215465B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2010094797A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201105954B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012009266B4 (en) * 2012-05-11 2016-12-29 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Gas outlet for a gasification reactor
JP6356999B2 (en) * 2014-04-15 2018-07-11 株式会社サムソン Waste heat recovery boiler

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD208370A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1984-05-02 Schwarze Pumpe Gas Veb METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING GAS EXHAUST TEMPERATURE IN FIXED BEDGING GASIFICATION
US4859214A (en) * 1988-06-30 1989-08-22 Shell Oil Company Process for treating syngas using a gas reversing chamber
CN1053082A (en) * 1989-12-21 1991-07-17 德士古发展公司 The separable quench ring and distribution channel of gasifying reactor
DE4307462A1 (en) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-15 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Device for gasifying finely divided to powdery fuels and process for the operation thereof
DE10102963C1 (en) * 2001-01-23 2002-01-03 Bbp Environment Gmbh Equalizing pressure between inside of hot gas guiding channel and annular chamber in coal gasifier comprises forming sliding site gas-tight with respect to hot gas fed into hot gas guiding channel

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JPS53110967A (en) * 1977-03-11 1978-09-28 Babcock Hitachi Kk Device of quencher
US4377394A (en) * 1979-05-30 1983-03-22 Texaco Development Corporation Apparatus for the production of cleaned and cooled synthesis gas
US4498909A (en) * 1982-11-02 1985-02-12 Dm International, Inc. Process for the gasification of fuels
JPS6111505A (en) * 1984-06-26 1986-01-18 新日本製鐵株式会社 Uniform distributor for gas current containing dust in boiler
JPS63141630A (en) * 1986-12-04 1988-06-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Catalytic reactor for stack gas treatment
IT1273749B (en) * 1993-04-02 1997-07-10 Gutehoffnungshuette Man DEVICE FOR THE PURIFICATION OF HEAVY METALS AND SLOTS OF SYNTHESIS GAS GENERATED FROM REFINERY WASTE
JP3485798B2 (en) * 1998-05-14 2004-01-13 株式会社クボタ Flue structure
US20060076272A1 (en) * 2002-07-02 2006-04-13 Stil Jacob H Method for gasification of a solid carbonaceous feed and a reactor for use in such a method
US8012436B2 (en) * 2007-09-04 2011-09-06 Shell Oil Company Quenching vessel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD208370A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1984-05-02 Schwarze Pumpe Gas Veb METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING GAS EXHAUST TEMPERATURE IN FIXED BEDGING GASIFICATION
US4859214A (en) * 1988-06-30 1989-08-22 Shell Oil Company Process for treating syngas using a gas reversing chamber
CN1053082A (en) * 1989-12-21 1991-07-17 德士古发展公司 The separable quench ring and distribution channel of gasifying reactor
DE4307462A1 (en) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-15 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Device for gasifying finely divided to powdery fuels and process for the operation thereof
DE10102963C1 (en) * 2001-01-23 2002-01-03 Bbp Environment Gmbh Equalizing pressure between inside of hot gas guiding channel and annular chamber in coal gasifier comprises forming sliding site gas-tight with respect to hot gas fed into hot gas guiding channel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA201105954B (en) 2012-04-25
WO2010094797A3 (en) 2011-02-03
AU2010215465B2 (en) 2013-09-05
EP2398871A2 (en) 2011-12-28
WO2010094797A2 (en) 2010-08-26
JP2012518772A (en) 2012-08-16
AU2010215465A1 (en) 2011-09-08
CN102325863A (en) 2012-01-18
US20120017853A1 (en) 2012-01-26

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