CN102322671B - Central air-conditioning control method - Google Patents
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- CN102322671B CN102322671B CN2011102139871A CN201110213987A CN102322671B CN 102322671 B CN102322671 B CN 102322671B CN 2011102139871 A CN2011102139871 A CN 2011102139871A CN 201110213987 A CN201110213987 A CN 201110213987A CN 102322671 B CN102322671 B CN 102322671B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of central air-conditioning, and relates to a central air-conditioning control method. The method comprises: (1) the collection of control parameters and the calculation of load Q at the freezing water side; (2) the loop control method of a compressor; (3) the loop control method of an evaporator; and (4) the loop control method of a condenser. The central air-conditioning control method disclosed by the invention can be used for achieving the energy-saving control of a central air-conditioning system rapidly and accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of middle-size and small-size central air-conditioning embedded controller, relate in particular to the embedded controller that can realize networking control building Nei Duotai refrigeration, air-conditioning equipment.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's economic society, central air-conditioning has been applied to public building commonplacely.
In addition, existing central air conditioner system nonshared control unit price is higher, and operation and maintenance inconvenience, be unfavorable for actual applying.China also lack a kind of low cost, high reliability, can energy-saving run, can network, be suitable for the nonshared control unit of separate unit or many s' central air conditioning equipment.
aspect the control algolithm to central air-conditioning, Chinese scholars has experienced from single-input single-output and has controlled organic transition of controlling to multiple-input and multiple-output the control of refrigeration system. for the control of refrigeration system, although can use for reference system simulation model, but simulation model can not fully truly reflect the input/output relation of system, and too complicated for controlling, be difficult to meet the requirement of control system real-time. and the control algolithm of setting up according to object model, often occur, with real system, very big difference is arranged, the inaccurate problem of model is very outstanding, and then can not obtain desirable control effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of and can regulate rapidly and accurately the energy-saving control method of central air conditioner system.Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of central air-conditioner control method comprises following step:
(1) control the collection of parameter and the calculating of chilled water side load Q: gather chilled water supply water temperature Tin, return water temperature Tout and flow value M and compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power, according to formula Q=C*M* (Tout-Tin), calculate chilled water side load Q, in formula, C is specific heat of water, usually get constant, M is mass flow;
(2) near compressor loop control method:, according to chilled water supply water temperature setting value, regulate the output of compressor variable frequency device, make supply water temperature maintain the chilled water supply water temperature setting value of requirement;
(3) evaporimeter circuit controls method: according to the evaporimeter inner refrigerant outlet temperature Tcho that gathers and the numerical value of evaporating pressure P, obtain saturated evaporating temperature Te, and by Tsh=Tcho-Te, calculate the degree of superheat, control is arranged on the electronic expansion valve opening on the evaporimeter loop, makes the degree of superheat keep near the minimum superheat setting value;
(4) near condenser circuit control method: the cooling water return water temperature is sampled, according to sampled value, control to the output of cooling water pump frequency converter and blower fan of cooling tower, make the cooling water return water temperature maintain cooling water return water temperature setting value.
Wherein, chilled water supply water temperature setting value calculates according to following method:
When 1) Q was more than or equal to rated load if the chilled water side is loaded, corresponding chilled water supply water temperature setting value was 6 degree;
2) if chilled water side load Q less than or equal to rated load 30% the time, corresponding chilled water supply water temperature setting value is 9 degree;
3) if chilled water side load Q in 30% during to 100% range of rated load, chilled water supply water temperature setting value changes in 6 degree scopes at 9 degree, adopts following formula definite: t
Chi, set=K
1Q
y+ k
2∑ W+k
3, in formula, ∑ W is refrigeration system compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power consumption sum, the system loading of Q for calculating, K1, K2, K3, y are the coefficient default according to actual central air conditioner system.
Minimum superheat setting value wherein obtains according to following method:
1), chilled water side load Q is during more than or equal to rated load, corresponding minimum superheat setting value is 9 degree;
2), chilled water side load Q less than or equal to rated load 30% the time, corresponding minimum superheat setting value is 5 degree;
3), as chilled water side load Q in 30% during to 100% range of rated load, corresponding minimum superheat setting value at 5 degree to 9 degree range, between actual load and minimum superheat setting value, by the majorized function relational expression T that presets
Sh, set=uQ
vObtain, coefficient u, v obtains by the experimental calibration to central air conditioner system.
Cooling water return water temperature setting value is determined according to following method: to outdoor temperature t
outSample, and according to t
set=at
out+ bQ+c, (in formula, a, b, three coefficients of c obtain by the experimental calibration to central air conditioner system), calculate cooling water return water temperature setting value.
Patent of the present invention adopts the multiloop pid control algorithm, compressor refrigerating capacity and system loading are connected, carry out the coarse adjustment refrigerant flow by regulating the compressor variable frequency device, thereby change roughly refrigerating capacity, make the chilled water supply water temperature follow the chilled water supply water temperature that calculates this moment and set value.Finely tune refrigerant flow by the aperture of regulating electric expansion valve, thereby change refrigerating capacity accurately, reach the purpose that reduces energy consumption of compressor, and, by by regulating condensate pump frequency converter and blower fan of cooling tower rotating speed and number of units, reach the purpose of control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is whole block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (a) determines that for compressor loop pre-set parameter of the present invention schematic diagram (b) is the compressor loop control principle drawing.
Fig. 3 (a) is that evaporimeter loop parameter setting value of the present invention determines that schematic diagram (b) is evaporimeter loop control principle figure.
Fig. 4 (a) determines that for condenser circuit pre-set parameter of the present invention schematic diagram (b) is the condenser circuit control principle drawing.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
Before the control method of the explanation embodiment of the present invention, paper has adopted the controller of control method of the present invention.
referring to Fig. 1, this controller is a kind of embedded controller of central air-conditioning based on ARM, comprise embedded microprocessor LM3S8970, eight road A/D buffer circuits based on the SSI bus, eight road A/D change-over circuits, eight road analog input voltage/current signals are selected circuit, eight road D/A buffer circuits based on the I2C bus, eight road D/A change-over circuits, eight road analog output voltage/current signals are selected circuit, ten road light isolating switch amount input signal conditioning circuit, multiple duty button, ten road light isolating switch amount output signal conditioning circuits, relay drive circuit, RS232 interface driving circuit module, CAN interface driving circuit module, standard ethernet interface driver module, ARM independent current source supply module, analog input independent current source supply module, analog output independent current source supply module, the electrify restoration circuit module, JTAG debug i/f circuit module.
Wherein, it is standard 0～5V voltage signal that the analog input signal is selected circuit conversion through the analog input voltage/current signals, and standard voltage signal is through A/D change-over circuit and A/D buffer circuit and by the SSI bus, pass to LM3S8970.In LM3S8970, the value of analog output register, to D/A buffer circuit and D/A change-over circuit, becomes 0～5V voltage signal by the I2C bus transfer, then through analog output voltage signal change-over circuit, becomes the output of standard 0～10V signal.Working state control button connecting valve amount signal input interface, status signal passes to LM3S8970 through the switching value signal conditioning circuit.In LM3S8970, the value of switching value output register is delivered to the switching value signal output interface through switching value output modulate circuit and relay drive circuit.The serial ports of touch-screen is connected to the RS232 interface driving circuit of this controller, based on the MODBUS agreement, realizes touch-screen to the controller request data and issues setting value and controller sends corresponding Monitoring Data to touch-screen.The CAN interface of other controllers is connected to the CAN interface driving circuit module of this controller, by accepting and sending the CAN message, realizes the transmitted in both directions of data.This controller is connected to internet by standard ethernet interface driver module and router, and input can, by the internet access controller, realize remote monitoring No. IP in the computer browser.The SR of electrify restoration circuit module can trigger LM3S8970 as input and reset.JTAG debugging interface module can realize the mutual transmission of data and Debugging message between controller and computer.
This controller provides two kinds of human-computer interaction interfaces: can carry out by touch-screen monitoring and the setting of parameter on the one hand, can carry out by web browser monitoring and the setting of parameter on the other hand.The parameter of its monitoring comprises: evaporator inlet-outlet pressure, condenser inlet and outlet pressure, evaporator inlet-outlet temperature, condenser out temperature, chilled water supply and return water temperature, flow, cooling water return water temperature, outdoor temperature, compressor horsepower, chilled water power, cooling water power.The parameter of its setting comprises: compressor frequency setting value, cooling water pump frequency setting value, electronic expansion valve opening setting value, degree of superheat setting value, and the adjusting parameter in three loops
In addition, this controller is as the platform of an opening, and the user can revise by actual demand.
referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Energy Saving Control of the present invention has adopted the multiloop pid control algorithm: first, detect in real time the state of chilled water circuit, calculate system loading, and the actual refrigeration system compressor that records, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power, then by the preset algorithm of this controller, calculate the evaporating pressure of correspondence this moment or the setting value of chilled water supply water temperature, then compressor loop being carried out PID regulates, carry out the coarse adjustment refrigerant flow by regulating the compressor variable frequency device, thereby change roughly refrigerating capacity, making the chilled water supply water temperature follow the chilled water supply water temperature that calculates this moment sets value.The second, in real time detect the state in evaporimeter loop, calculate system loading, then according to the data obtained, calculate the setting value of the degree of superheat corresponding to this moment by the preset algorithm of this controller, then PID being carried out in the evaporimeter loop regulates, finely tune refrigerant flow by the aperture of regulating electric expansion valve, thereby change refrigerating capacity accurately, reach the purpose that reduces energy consumption of compressor.Three, temperature t outside real-time sensing chamber
outThe state of condenser circuit, calculate system loading, then according to the data obtained, calculate the setting value of cooling water return water temperature corresponding to this moment by the preset algorithm of this controller, then condenser circuit is carried out PID and regulate,, by regulating condensate pump frequency converter and blower fan of cooling tower rotating speed and number of units, reach the purpose of control.
Concrete control program is as follows:
The first, click controller standby button
Step 1: standby indicating lamp is lighted,
Step 2: controller starts to carry out the detection of modules, and controller initial configuration, input/output interface and communication etc.,, if all are normal, extinguish standby indicating lamp, enters the front wait state of start.If controller detects unusual condition, perhaps break down, light alarm lamp.
Whether step 3: detect the shutdown button and press, if press, controller switching is to shutdown mode; If not by the next step 1 that jumps to.
The second, click controller start button
Step 1: normal run indicator is lighted, and controller enters power on mode
Step 2: timer starts timing, and setting simultaneously the compressor variable frequency device is that rated frequency, chilled water pump frequency converter are that rated frequency, cooling water pump frequency converter are that rated frequency, blower fan of cooling tower are that rated value, expansion valve opening are specified aperture.
Whether step 3: detect hand push button and press,, if press, wait for and entering under mode of operation state, controller switching is to manual operational mode; If do not press, to wait for and entering under mode of operation state, controller switching is to automatic operational mode; Continue operation downwards.
Whether step 4: detect the shutdown button and press, if press, controller switching is to shutdown mode; If by next continuation, do not move downwards.
Step 5: detect timer and whether arrive the controller preset time, and whether detected temperatures arrives preset temperature threshold.
Step 6:, if arrive preset time or preset temperature threshold value, continue so downwards to carry out; If preset time and put temperature threshold all not have arrival, jump to step 5.
Step 7: while arriving the preset preset available machine time, perhaps when the degree of superheat arrived the preset temperature threshold value, power on mode finished, and enters normal operation mode.
If the 3rd under open state, manually and automatic button does not all press or automatic button is pressed, controller enters automatic operational mode
Step 1: light the automatic mode indicator lamp.
Step 2: judge whether to arrive chilled water side load, compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power samples time.If arrive, read chilled water supply water temperature Tin, return water temperature Tout and flow, and compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power,, according to formula Q=C*M* (Tout-Tin), calculate chilled water side load Q, in formula, C is specific heat of water, usually gets constant, and M is mass flow;
Step 3: judge whether to arrive chilled water supply water temperature setting value modification time., if arrive, at first judge the relation of actual load Q and rated load:
When 1) Q is more than or equal to rated load if the chilled water side is loaded, corresponding chilled water supply water temperature setting value 6 degree.
2) if chilled water side load Q less than or equal to rated load 30% the time, corresponding chilled water supply water temperature setting value is 9 degree.
3) if chilled water side load Q in 30% during to 100% range of rated load, chilled water supply water temperature setting value changes in 6 degree scopes at 9 degree, chilled water supply water temperature setting value adopts following algorithm to determine.t
Chi, set=K
1Q
y+ k
2∑ W+k
3, in formula, ∑ W is refrigeration system compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power consumption sum, the system loading of Q for calculating, and all the other COEFFICIENT K 1, K2, K3, y are according to the setting of modifying of different system form; And the chilled water supply water temperature that will calculate setting value is given regulates in subprogram to compressor loop PID, otherwise continues operation downwards.
Step 4: judge that compressor loop PID regulates the subprogram regulating cycle and whether arrives, if arrive, to this moment the chilled water supply water temperature sample, then call compressor loop PID and regulate subprogram, controller exports the compressor variable frequency device to.Finally make supply water temperature maintain near the chilled water supply water temperature setting value of requirement.Otherwise continue operation downwards.
Step 5: the state in evaporimeter loop, judge whether to arrive minimum superheat setting value modification time,, if arrive, at first judge the relation of chilled water side load Q and rated load:
1), chilled water side load Q is during more than or equal to rated load, corresponding minimum superheat setting value is 9 degree.
2), chilled water side load Q less than or equal to rated load 30% the time, corresponding minimum superheat setting value is 5 degree.
3), as chilled water side load Q in 30% during to 100% range of rated load, corresponding minimum superheat setting value at 5 degree to 9 degree range, between actual load and minimum superheat setting value, by the majorized function relational expression T that presets
Sh, set=uQ
vObtain, coefficient u, v obtains by the experimental calibration to central air conditioner system;
step 6: judge that evaporimeter loop PID regulates the subprogram regulating cycle and whether arrives, if arrive, evaporimeter inner refrigerant outlet temperature and evaporating pressure are sampled, read the numerical value of evaporimeter inner refrigerant outlet temperature Tcho and evaporating pressure P, and (relevant with the character of cold-producing medium itself with the relation between saturated evaporating temperature according to evaporating pressure, can or consult reference book according to the service manual of producer and obtain relation curve) computation of table lookup goes out corresponding saturated evaporating temperature Te, , and calculate the degree of superheat of this moment according to algorithm: Tsh=Tcho-Te, then call evaporimeter loop PID and regulate subprogram, controller exports electric expansion valve to.Finally make the degree of superheat maintain near the minimum superheat setting value that the step calculates.Otherwise continue operation downwards.Step 7: the state of condenser circuit judges whether to arrive cooling water return water temperature setting value modification time, if arrive, to outdoor temperature t at this moment
outSample, and according to algorithm t
set=aT
out+ bQ+c, (in formula, a, b, three coefficients of c carry out the corresponding modify setting according to different central air conditioner system forms, can demarcate by experiment), calculate cooling water return water temperature setting value, and the cooling water return water temperature that will calculate setting value is given regulates in subprogram to condenser circuit PID, otherwise continues operation downwards.
Step 8: judge that condenser circuit PID regulates the subprogram regulating cycle and whether arrives, if arrive, cooling water return water temperature to this moment is sampled, and then calls condenser circuit PID and regulates subprogram, and controller exports cooling water pump frequency converter and blower fan of cooling tower to.Finally make the cooling water return water temperature maintain near the cooling water return water temperature setting value that previous step calculates.Otherwise continue operation downwards.
Whether step 9: detect hand push button and press, if press, controller switching is to manual mode; If by next continuation, do not move downwards.
Whether step 10: detect the shutdown button and press, if press, controller switching is to shutdown mode; If by next continuation, do not move downwards.
Step 11: jump to the step 2 circulation and carry out.
If the 4th under the manual mode running status, there is automatic button to press, compressor frequency, cooling water pump frequency, chilled water pump frequency, expansion valve opening before the controller output switching, to realize the smooth excessiveness of the machinery such as compressor, and be switched to automatic operational mode.
Five, under the power on mode running status, press if hand push button detected, controller enters manual mode of operation
Step 1: light the manual mode indicator lamp
Step 2: output squeezing unit frequency initial value, cooling water pump frequency initial value, chilled water pump frequency initial value, expansion valve opening initial value.
Step 3: whether inquiry has by touch-screen transmits the new settings value of coming in.
Step 4; , if new data are arranged, export new compressor frequency setting value, chilled water pump frequency setting value, cooling water pump frequency setting value, expansion valve opening setting value., if there is no new data, continue operation downwards.
Whether step 5: detect automatic button and press, if press, controller switching is to automatic mode; If by next continuation, do not move downwards.
Whether step 6: detect the shutdown button and press, if press, controller switching is to shutdown mode; If by next continuation, do not move downwards.
Step 7: jump to the step 3 circulation and carry out.
If the 6th system is running on automatic mode, and detect hand push button be pressed this moment, compressor frequency, chilled water pump frequency, cooling water pump frequency, expansion valve opening before the controller output switching, and be switched to manual mode
If the 7th shutdown button is pressed, controller enters shutdown mode
Step 1: light the shutdown indicator lamp,
Step 2: shutdown machine timer starts timing, and setting simultaneously compressor frequency is zero, and electronic expansion valve opening is zero.
Step 3: detect the shutdown timer and whether arrive preset unused time setting value, and whether detected temperatures arrives preset shutoff temperature threshold value.
Step 4:, if arrive unused time or shutoff temperature threshold value, continue so downwards to carry out; , if unused time and shutoff temperature all do not have to arrive, jump to step 3.
Step 5: arrive preset chilled water unused time during setting value, close chilled water pump.During timer arrival cooling water pump unused time setting value to be shut down, close cooling water pump, blower fan of cooling tower; Perhaps when compressor and freeze water supply water temperature, during greater than chilled water shutoff temperature threshold value, close chilled water pump.During less than cooling water shutoff temperature threshold value, close cooling water pump, blower fan of cooling tower when the compressor cooling water leaving water temperature.
Step 6: shutdown machine process finishes, and controller enters standby mode.
Claims (3)
1. a central air-conditioner control method, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) control the collection of parameter and the calculating of chilled water side load Q: gather chilled water supply water temperature Tin, return water temperature Tout and flow value M and compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power, according to formula Q=C*M*(Tout-Tin), calculate chilled water side load Q, in formula, C is specific heat of water, usually get constant, M is mass flow;
(2) compressor loop control method: according to the chilled water supply water temperature, set value, regulate the output of compressor variable frequency device, make supply water temperature maintain near the chilled water supply water temperature setting value of requirement, wherein, chilled water supply water temperature setting value calculates according to following method:
When 1) Q was more than or equal to rated load if the chilled water side is loaded, corresponding chilled water supply water temperature setting value was 6 degree;
2) if chilled water side load Q less than or equal to rated load 30% the time, corresponding chilled water supply water temperature setting value is 9 degree;
3) if chilled water side load Q in 30% during to 100% range of rated load, chilled water supply water temperature setting value changes in 6 degree scopes at 9 degree, adopts following formula definite: t
Chi, set=K
1Q
1 y+ k
2Σ W+k
3, in formula, Σ W is refrigeration system compressor, chilled water pump, cooling water pump power consumption sum, Q
1For the system loading that calculates, K
1, k
2, k
3, y is the coefficient default according to actual central air conditioner system;
(3) evaporimeter circuit controls method: according to the evaporimeter inner refrigerant outlet temperature Tcho that gathers and the numerical value of evaporating pressure P, obtain saturated evaporating temperature Te, and by Tsh=Tcho-Te, calculate the degree of superheat, control is arranged on the electronic expansion valve opening on the evaporimeter loop, makes the degree of superheat keep near the minimum superheat setting value;
(4) near condenser circuit control method: the cooling water return water temperature is sampled, according to sampled value, control cooling water pump frequency converter and blower fan of cooling tower, make the cooling water return water temperature maintain cooling water return water temperature setting value.
2. central air-conditioner control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the minimum superheat setting value obtains according to following method:
1), chilled water side load Q is during more than or equal to rated load, corresponding minimum superheat setting value is 9 degree;
2), chilled water side load Q less than or equal to rated load 30% the time, corresponding minimum superheat setting value is 5 degree;
3), as chilled water side load Q in 30% during to 100% range of rated load, corresponding minimum superheat setting value at 5 degree to 9 degree range, between actual load and minimum superheat setting value, by the majorized function relational expression T that presets
Sh, set=uQ
vObtain, coefficient u, v obtains by the experimental calibration to central air conditioner system.
3. central air-conditioner control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, cooling water return water temperature setting value is determined according to following method: to outdoor temperature t
outSample, and according to t
set=at
out+ bQ+c calculates cooling water return water temperature setting value, in formula, and a, b, three coefficients of c obtain by the experimental calibration to central air conditioner system.
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| CN102322671B true CN102322671B (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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| CN114165898B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-04-28 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Central air conditioner |
| CN114393974B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2024-06-28 | 湖北博兴复合材料股份有限公司 | Control method for electronic expansion valve of automobile heat pump air conditioning system |
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