CN102315843A - Direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch - Google Patents
Direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN102315843A CN102315843A CN2010102218898A CN201010221889A CN102315843A CN 102315843 A CN102315843 A CN 102315843A CN 2010102218898 A CN2010102218898 A CN 2010102218898A CN 201010221889 A CN201010221889 A CN 201010221889A CN 102315843 A CN102315843 A CN 102315843A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch, which is connected between a load and a power high level. The direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch is characterized by comprising a capacitor charge-discharge circuit, a key switch, a power amplification circuit and a resistor, wherein the capacitor charge-discharge circuit is used for storing energy and providing the energy for the load in a time delay manner; the key switch, the capacitor charge-discharge circuit and the power high level form a loop, and the key switch is used for starting the circuit to charge and discharge and arranged on a standard wall surface panel; the power amplification circuit is connected between the load and the capacitor charge-discharge circuit; and the resistor accesses the power amplification circuit and is used for adjusting the closing speed rate of the time delay switch. The invention has the advantages that: the power amplification circuit is controlled in the time delay manner by charging and discharging of an electrolytic capacitor; the static power dissipation of the direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch is reduced to 1 percent of that of the conventional time delay switch, and the cost of the direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch is only 30 percent of that of the conventional time delay switch; the energy saving performance and cost performance of the direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch are greatly improved; and the universality of the direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch is improved by directly fixing a printed circuit board (PCB) of which the shape is matched with that of a clamping groove of the standard wall surface panel on the standard wall surface panel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switching circuit structure, relate in particular in a kind of extremely low power dissipation application system, be used to control the direct current low-power consumption delay switch of time-delay for load energy supply and shutoff.
Background technology
Energy-saving and emission-reduction and solar energy utilization are world today's Development Trend; In some application scenario,, can effectively avoid electrical equipment not needing under the long-time situation of opening through using the time delayed turn-off switch; The power supply of automatic disconnection electrical equipment behind the delay time of appointment reduces the waste of electric power.Therefore delay switch all has a wide range of applications in a lot of fields.
But the quiescent dissipation of delay switch in the market is generally higher, and the quiescent dissipation of direct current delay switch is basically more than 60mW, and the quiescent dissipation consumption of such 1 delay switch every day will reach 1.5Wh.Though this power consumption is not high, if use mains-supplied, this power consumption can be ignored, and for some specific low-power dissipation systems, will cause system power consumption sharply to increase by the loss of this power consumption, increases the input and the maintenance cost of system greatly.For example; In the system of solar corridor lamp; The power consumption of each corridor lamp every day is about 0.3Wh, and the power consumption of common delay switch 1.5Wh every day is much higher than the power consumption of corridor lamp, thereby makes photovoltaic module and the battery capacity of system require dilatation to 6 times; The raising of cost makes cost performance significantly reduce.
Simultaneously, existing delay switch need be through changing circuit or components and parts to adapt to different operating voltages.Some even employing bleeder circuit provide the operating voltage of control circuit, and this also will cause very most of electric energy to be consumed on the divider resistance.The also use relay control output that existing delay switch has, and the power consumption of relay is at least about 100mW.
The problems referred to above of existing product make product at the electrical equipment of control low-power consumption, particularly have a large amount of waste of energy the LED light fixture time.
Summary of the invention
Defective in view of above-mentioned prior art exists the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of direct current low-power consumption delay switch, in the hope of reducing the quiescent dissipation of delay switch, improves the energy conservation characteristic that low-power dissipation system, especially solar energy utilize electro-optical system.
The object of the invention will be achieved through following technical scheme:
Direct current low-power consumption delay switch is connected between load and the power supply, it is characterized in that: said delay switch comprises: capacitor charge and discharge circuit is used for energy storage and control load delay working time; One key switch constitutes the loop with said capacitor charge and discharge circuit and power supply, be used for start-up circuit and discharge and recharge, and said key switch is installed on the standard metope panel; One power amplification circuit is connected between load and the capacitor charge and discharge circuit; And the resistance of an access power amplifying circuit, said resistance in 500 Ω value in the 20K Ω scope, is used to adjust the shutdown rate of delay switch according to application need.
Further, aforesaid direct current low-power consumption delay switch, wherein this load one is connected to the power amplification circuit of delay switch, other end ground connection or connect high level, or the load two ends are connected to power amplification circuit respectively.
Further, aforesaid direct current low-power consumption delay switch, wherein this power amplification circuit is the drive circuit based on triode or metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Further, aforesaid direct current low-power consumption delay switch, wherein between this key switch and capacitor charge and discharge circuit, also series connection is provided with the current-limiting protection resistance of span 100 Ω to 5K Ω.
The technical application of direct current low-power consumption delay switch of the present invention, its outstanding effect is:
1, the direct current delay switch simplified most of this circuit structure; Adopt the discharge time-delay power controlling amplifying circuit of electrochemical capacitor; Its quiescent dissipation is able to reduce to 1% of existing delay switch, and cost is merely 30% of existing delay switch, has promoted the energy saving and the cost performance of direct current delay switch greatly.
2, the PCB that coincide through shape and standard metope panel draw-in groove directly is fixed on the standard metope panel, has improved the versatility of product, has reduced cost.
3, realize shutdown rate adjustment circuit through a resistance, brightness reduced until closing the required time of closed procedure when adjusting was closed, and had further reduced system power dissipation.
Following constipation closes the embodiment accompanying drawing, and specific embodiments of the invention is done further to detail, so that technical scheme of the present invention is easier to understand, grasp.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure schematic appearance of direct current low-power consumption delay switch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the control principle figure of direct current low-power consumption delay switch load two-wire connection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the delay switch circuit instance one of load two-wire connection shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure diagram of the delay switch circuit instance two of load two-wire connection shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 5 is the control principle figure of direct current low-power consumption delay switch load single line connection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of the delay switch circuit instance three of load single line connection shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is the circuit structure diagram of the delay switch circuit instance four of load single line connection shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment
Along with the cry of energy-saving and emission-reduction, environmental protection is day by day surging, the power consumption the when energy consumption of reduction electric equipment operation and static state is the important directions in electrical applications field.From the current techniques present situation, this area staff reduces the effort of having done to electric equipment running status energy consumption and has arrived the limit, and the achievement of the energy-conservation aspect that is obtained has made one see with different eyes, is not that the simple multiple order of magnitude can describe.But, also to regain consciousness in face of the achievement, even most electric product, electric equipment are not in working order, it still can consume certain energy storage that is referred to as quiescent dissipation gradually.What is more, and in many low-power dissipation systems, this quiescent dissipation is come much bigger with respect to the work power consumption, make that thus low-power dissipation system falls short of the reality.
The present invention is just to this bad present situation, and warp hammer away for many years causes the reason of this quiescent dissipation, and has proposed a kind of direct current delay switch that can effectively reduce quiescent dissipation.As shown in Figure 1, be the structure schematic appearance after this direct current delay switch is disassembled, shown in figure, can see: this delay switch mainly is made up of standard metope panel and installing PCB circuit board 3 wherein except the hardware configuration outside the circuit.Wherein this standard metope panel is divided into mounting panel 2 and top panel 1 two parts; This mounting panel 2 is mainly used in this delay switch integral installation and receives on the metope; And provide switch P CB circuit board 3 fixing support, be respectively equipped with the perforation 22 and be used for the block button hole 21 of top panel 1 interlocking of being spirally connected that is used to be screwed to bright box of body of wall or magazine; Top panel 1 structure is comparatively terse; Only therein the heart be provided with mounting panel 2 in institute to connect on the PCB circuit board 3 key switch 31 corresponding and have certain flexible keycap 11; And this top panel side of keycap 11 touch faces dorsad is provided with and block button hole 21 corresponding block tongues (not shown).Above-mentioned direct current delay switch finishes can realize its function the time when circuit connects, and it is very easy that its assembling with body of wall will become.
From circuit structure, direct current low-power consumption delay switch of the present invention can be applicable to two kinds of patterns that the load wiring mode is two-wire and single line, and is equally applicable to control two kinds of type of drive that the way of output is triode and metal-oxide-semiconductor.
To shown in Figure 4, be that the control principle figure of direct current low-power consumption delay switch load two-wire connection mode of the present invention reaches the electrical block diagram with triode and two kinds of type of drive embodiment of metal-oxide-semiconductor like Fig. 2 respectively.
Visible from schematic diagram: this direct current low-power consumption delay switch is connected between load and the power supply.Mainly comprise: a capacitor charge and discharge circuit that is used for energy storage and turn-offs to load time-delay energy supply, its core is an electrochemical capacitor; A key switch constitutes the loop with this capacitor charge and discharge circuit, be used to start the electric capacity charging, and this key switch is installed on the standard metope panel; Also comprise a power amplification circuit, be connected between load and the capacitor charge and discharge circuit.After the user presses delay switch, the electric capacity charging, capacitance cathode voltage raises, and continue to power amplification circuit output current, its work of driven, and then the driving load is started working.And make the loop turn-off along with the elastic reset of button release, and electric capacity begins to get into discharge regime, and capacitance cathode voltage progressively reduces, and drives load this moment to continue to keep operating state, finishes until capacitor discharge.Here, access power amplifying circuit resistance is used to adjust the shutdown rate of delay switch less than the resistance of 100K Ω.In addition, in the loop that this key switch and capacitor charge and discharge circuit constitute, also series connection is provided with the current-limiting protection resistance of a resistance less than 20K Ω, prevents that the capacitor discharge electric current is excessive and influences the possibility of electric capacity life-span even puncture.
Embodiment one
Based on the direct current low-power consumption delay switch of above-mentioned two-wire connection mode, present embodiment adopts the type of drive of triode as control output, and its circuit structure is as shown in Figure 3.Wherein electrochemical capacitor E1 and resistance R 2 have constituted capacitor charge and discharge circuit, wherein also comprise current-limiting protection resistance E1; And being provided with the resistance R 4 that is used to adjust the delay switch shutdown rate at power amplification circuit one side joint, the triode Q1/Q2 of used driving loaded work piece is NPN.
The length of time-delay total time is by the size decision of R2E1 among this embodiment, and R2E1 is big more, and delay time is long more, otherwise short more.And time-delay closing speed is by the decision of the size of R4, and the value of R4 is more little, and the soft shut-in time is just short more, otherwise long more.Thereby, in the selection of device parameters such as electric capacity, resistance, have bigger flexibility.In the present embodiment, electric capacity E1 selects the electrochemical capacitor of 25V/33 μ F for use; Resistance R 2 resistances are 62K Ω, and the resistance of current-limiting protection resistance is 5K Ω, and the resistance of resistance R 4 is taken 5K Ω.It is emphasized that above component parameters only provides as an example, according to different application requirements and effect, parameter value will there are differences.
Embodiment two
The basic structure territory embodiment one of present embodiment is identical, as shown in Figure 4: different is that the driving of adopting the N-channel MOS pipe to export as control because the characteristic of metal-oxide-semiconductor driven can't realize soft closing, has been save the resistance that is used to adjust the soft shut-in time.Increased a diode that is used to protect metal-oxide-semiconductor simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is that the control principle figure of direct current low-power consumption delay switch load single line connection mode of the present invention reaches the electrical block diagram with triode and two kinds of type of drive embodiment of metal-oxide-semiconductor to shown in Figure 7 for another example.
Visible from schematic diagram: this direct current low-power consumption delay switch is connected between load and the power supply.Mainly comprise: a capacitor charge and discharge circuit that is used for energy storage and turn-offs to load time-delay energy supply, its core is an electrochemical capacitor; A key switch constitutes the loop with this capacitor charge and discharge circuit, be used to start capacitor discharge, and this key switch is installed on the standard metope panel; Also comprise a power amplification circuit, be connected between load and the capacitor charge and discharge circuit.After the user presses delay switch, capacitor discharge, cathode voltage raises, and continue to power amplification circuit output current, its work of driven, and then the driving load is started working.And making the loop turn-off along with the release of flexible keypad, the electric capacity negative terminal voltage reaches the highest, and power amplification circuit works on; Electric current flows to power amplification circuit from the electric capacity negative terminal, causes the electric capacity negative terminal voltage to descend, and promptly is equal to electric capacity and begins charging; This process is constantly carried out; Finish until the electric capacity charging, power amplification circuit stops output, gets into cut-off state.In addition, access power amplifying circuit resistance is used to adjust the shutdown rate of delay switch less than the resistance of 100K Ω.In addition, in the loop that this key switch and capacitor charge and discharge circuit constitute, also series connection is provided with the current-limiting protection resistance of a resistance less than 20K Ω, prevents that the capacitor discharge electric current is excessive and influences the possibility of electric capacity life-span even puncture.
Embodiment three
Based on the direct current low-power consumption delay switch of above-mentioned single line connection mode, present embodiment adopts the type of drive of triode as control output, and its circuit structure is as shown in Figure 6.Wherein electrochemical capacitor E1 and resistance R 2 have constituted capacitor charge and discharge circuit, and this circuit also comprises current-limiting protection resistance R 1, and is provided with the resistance R 4 that is used to adjust the delay switch shutdown rate at power amplification circuit one side joint, and used triode Q1/Q2 is NPN.
The length of time-delay total time is by the size decision of R2E1 among this embodiment, and R2E1 is big more, and delay time is long more, otherwise short more.And time-delay closing speed is by the decision of the size of R4, and the value of R4 is more little, and the soft shut-in time is just short more, otherwise long more.Be same as the concrete example of embodiment one, above-mentioned electric capacity E1 selects the electrochemical capacitor of 25V/33 μ F for use; Resistance R 2 resistances are 120K Ω, and the resistance of current-limiting protection resistance is 1K Ω, and the resistance of resistance R 4 is taken 20K Ω.What stress once more is, above component parameters only provides as an example, and according to different application requirements and effect, parameter value will there are differences.
Embodiment four
The basic structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment three, and is as shown in Figure 7: different is that the driving of adopting the N-channel MOS pipe to export as control because the characteristic of metal-oxide-semiconductor driven can't realize soft closing, has been save the resistance that is used to adjust the soft shut-in time.Increased a diode that is used to protect metal-oxide-semiconductor simultaneously
Can find out that from above four embodiment the circuit structure of direct current low-power consumption delay switch of the present invention is simple, thereby can make delay switch reach minimum quiescent dissipation (1% of existing commercially available delay switch.), improved reliability simultaneously.And; When circuit structure is simplified; The outward appearance microminiaturization of volume of switch also is the characteristic of seeing: the PCB through shape and standard metope panel draw-in groove coincide, directly be fixed on the panel of standard, and improve versatility and greatly reduced cost; And having dwindled the volume of switch greatly, total thickness of switch is slightly larger than the diameter of a little electrochemical capacitor.
In addition, the delay switch of above-mentioned single line connection mode, its load one end also can be connected to high level except that pressing embodiment three, four ground connection.Its operation principle is identical with implementation method, so will not give unnecessary details.
To sum up visible: the beneficial effect of direct current low-power consumption delay switch of the present invention embodies as follows:
1, directly adopt the power controlling amplifying circuit of delaying time that discharges and recharges of electrochemical capacitor, thereby the time of time-delay closing has reduced consuming the electric energy in complicated delay circuit;
2, adopt triode or the direct control output voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor device, avoided adopting the electric energy of relay control mode consumption in relay;
3, time-delay control and output control circuit all can not need power control circuit to reduce cost directly in bigger voltage range on-line operation, have avoided the situation of ohmic loss electric energy in the bleeder circuit.
The present invention has that cost is low, quiescent dissipation is extremely low, work is low in energy consumption, and the switch operating voltage range only is subject to the components and parts withstand voltage, has soft characteristics of closing (brightness is reduced to gradually and closes when closing) simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1. direct current low-power consumption delay switch is connected between load and the power supply, it is characterized in that: said delay switch comprises:
Capacitor charge and discharge circuit is used for energy storage and control load delay working time;
One key switch constitutes the loop with said capacitor charge and discharge circuit and power supply, be used for start-up circuit and discharge and recharge, and said key switch is installed on the standard metope panel;
One power amplification circuit is connected between load and the capacitor charge and discharge circuit; And
The resistance of an access power amplifying circuit is used to adjust the shutdown rate of delay switch.
2. direct current low-power consumption delay switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said load one end ground connection or connect high level, the other end is connected to power amplification circuit, or its two poles of the earth are connected to power amplification circuit respectively.
3. direct current low-power consumption delay switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said power amplification circuit is the drive circuit based on triode or metal-oxide-semiconductor.
4. direct current low-power consumption delay switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: between said key switch and capacitor charge and discharge circuit, also series connection is provided with a current-limiting protection resistance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102218898A CN102315843A (en) | 2010-07-06 | 2010-07-06 | Direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102218898A CN102315843A (en) | 2010-07-06 | 2010-07-06 | Direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch |
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| CN102315843A true CN102315843A (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010102218898A Pending CN102315843A (en) | 2010-07-06 | 2010-07-06 | Direct-current low-power dissipation time delay switch |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103415129A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-11-27 | 黄宇嵩 | LED (Light Emitting Diode) flashlight with delay and automatic power off functions |
| CN103813588A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-21 | 兰州交通大学 | Time delay switch of energy saving lamp |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02162917A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Power source switch circuit |
| CN2141595Y (en) * | 1992-02-01 | 1993-09-01 | 沈水春 | Automatic resetting illuminous time delay device |
| CN101299602A (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-05 | 杭州鸿雁电器有限公司 | Two-wire system energy-saving switch |
| CN201726377U (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2011-01-26 | 苏州盖娅智能科技有限公司 | DC low-power time delay switch |
-
2010
- 2010-07-06 CN CN2010102218898A patent/CN102315843A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02162917A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Power source switch circuit |
| CN2141595Y (en) * | 1992-02-01 | 1993-09-01 | 沈水春 | Automatic resetting illuminous time delay device |
| CN101299602A (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-05 | 杭州鸿雁电器有限公司 | Two-wire system energy-saving switch |
| CN201726377U (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2011-01-26 | 苏州盖娅智能科技有限公司 | DC low-power time delay switch |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103415129A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-11-27 | 黄宇嵩 | LED (Light Emitting Diode) flashlight with delay and automatic power off functions |
| CN103813588A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-21 | 兰州交通大学 | Time delay switch of energy saving lamp |
| CN103813588B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-07-27 | 兰州交通大学 | A kind of electricity-saving lamp delay switch |
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Application publication date: 20120111 |