CN1023145C - Involute worm pair with straight generatrix contact cone and technological equipments for their manufacture - Google Patents
Involute worm pair with straight generatrix contact cone and technological equipments for their manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- CN1023145C CN1023145C CN90108407A CN90108407A CN1023145C CN 1023145 C CN1023145 C CN 1023145C CN 90108407 A CN90108407 A CN 90108407A CN 90108407 A CN90108407 A CN 90108407A CN 1023145 C CN1023145 C CN 1023145C
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- tooth
- worm
- frock
- worm gear
- gear
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an involute conic worm pair with straight generatrix contact and a manufacture fabrication technical device thereof, which belongs to the field of machine theories and mechanical manufacture. Intersecting lines of two tooth surfaces A and T of a gear tooth of a worm wheel 2 and a plane which is vertical to an axial line of the worm wheel are two involutes. Base circle diameters of the two involutes are respectively DA2 and DT2, and the worm wheel tooth surfaces A and T are respectively involute spiral surfaces formed by two base cylinders with the diameters of the DA2 and the DT2. The tooth surfaces A and T of a worm screw 1 are formed by two base cylinders with diameters of dJA and dJT, and the surfaces A and T are tangent curve surfaces formed by two helix tangent lines LA and LT with screw pitches of tA and tT. The present invention provides device and a technique for processing conic worms and worm wheel tooth surfaces.
Description
The invention belongs to Der Grundsatz der Maschinen and manufacturing technology, relate to gear engagement theory and worm drive.
The development of Procedure for Spiroid Gearing starts from five abroad, the sixties (O.Saari, The Mathe matica Background of spiroid Gear, " Industr.Math. " NO7,1959; W.D.Nelson, Spiroid Gearing, " MachineDesign " Vol33, NO4,5,6,1961; D.W.Dudey, Gear Handbook, 1962.) and at farm machinery, Hoisting Machinery, lathe is used in guided missile and the various military machinery.The development work that China has carried out spiroid in the eighties has obtained a collection of achievement (Taiyuan Heavy Machinery College, Procedure for Spiroid Gearing, " gear " 1977, the third phase; Northwestern Polytechnical University, Procedure for Spiroid Gearing, the 3rd, 4 phases of " Machine Design " nineteen eighty-two).Aforementioned spiroid is the Archimedes spiral worm screw, compares with normal cylindrical worm gear drive, and it has Transmission bearing big, and lubricating condition is good, and the worm gear material can be used copper take place of steel, and sideshake is convenient to control and transmission efficiency advantages of higher.But the Archimedes spiral Procedure for Spiroid Gearing has the nonsymmetry of transmission, worm screw, the worm gear flank of tooth again can not grindings, and this has just limited the further raising of bearing capacity, and the worm gear cutter is difficult in addition makes, when the worm gear material is used steel, also need use the top gem of a girdle-pendant bar honing worm gear flank of tooth.This technologic difficulty makes that Procedure for Spiroid Gearing still is difficult to promote at home at present.The design of involute spiroid and Research on processing technology be existing report (theory of engagement of involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing, Zhao Yihan, Shao Junsong, " Machine Design " first phase in 1988 in recent years; Turning involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing, high blog article " the 7th national mechanology academic discussion collection of thesis ", 1990.
The objective of the invention is according to mesh theory analysis, physical dimension is calculated, design practicable involute conic worm pair with straight generatrix contact transmission device in machining, reach the processing method and the technological equipment of this transmission device, overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned Archimedes' worm Procedure for Spiroid Gearing.
According to mesh theory analysis (Zhao Yihan etc. " Machine Design " first phase P15-in 1988), appropriate worm screw, the worm gear geometric parameter selected, just can make worm screw involute surface straight edge line become the conjugate surface Line of contact of endless screw-worm gear pair, this not only makes the village's transmission of involute awl snail can have the advantage of Archimedes' worm transmission, and can overcome its shortcoming, especially the processing of the worm gear gear teeth can adopt single angle milling cutter to cut on common universal milling machine with half generate half mould milling without hob cutting.This worm drive, worm tooth-surface can grindings, and the worm gear flank of tooth also can adopt the simple process equipment to carry out grinding.These are not only the innovation of worm gear processing technology, have also created condition for choose reasonable worm drive geometric parameter.
Involute straight edge line of the present invention worm drive, calculate conjunction with figs. according to the physical dimension of its transmission of the theory of engagement and be described below:
Accompanying drawing of the present invention such as following:
Fig. 1 involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing engagement figure
Fig. 2 worm-gear tooth line chart
Fig. 3 worm gear flank of tooth figure
Fig. 4 mesh schematic representation
Fig. 5 worm screw sectional view
Fig. 6 worm gear size computational geometry graph of a relation
Fig. 7 list angle milling cutter figure
Fig. 8 worm screw turning ball pivot dop is installed plan view
Fig. 9 worm screw turning ball dop is installed plan view
Figure 10 mill teeth tool structure plan view
Figure 11 mill teeth tool structure plan view
Figure 12 mill teeth frock kinematic sketch of mechanism.
1. the physical dimension of involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing is calculated.
On the basis of mesh theory analysis, consider to improve transmission performance, improve the transmission component anufacturability, the present invention has drafted formula, and its main formula is as follows:
(1) worm screw modulus
Worm screw has three moduluses
The A over glaze is to modulus
m
A= (t
A)/(π) =2 (tgλ
Atgδ)/(tgλ
A-tgδ) (A)/(Z1) （1）
The T over glaze is to modulus
m
T= (t
T)/(π) =2 (tgλ
Ttgδ)/(tgλ
T+tgδ) (A)/(Z
1) （2）
Worm screw conical surface modulus
m
s＝ (s)/(π) ＝ 1/2 m
h1+tg
2α （3）
A is a transmission centre distance (see figure 4) in the formula, t
A, t
TBe worm screw axial pitch (Fig. 5), λ
A, λ
TBe the axial angle of sections of worm-shaped tooth, tg δ=1/i
12, i
12=ω
1/ ω
2It is velocity ratio.S is a worm gear conical surface tooth pitch, α
1Be worm screw cone angle, m
h=m
A+ m
TZ
1Be worm thread head number.
(2) worm screw cone angle
Work as λ
T=λ
ADuring=λ
α
1=arctg( (tgδ)/(tg
2λ) )（4）
(3) worm screw involute surface Base radius
A face Base radius
r
JA= (tgδ)/(tgλ
A-tgδ) A= (Z1m
A)/(2tgλ
A) （5）
T face Base radius
r
JT= (tgδ)/(tgλ
T-tgδ) A= (Z
1m
T)/(2tg
λT) （6）
(4) worm gear cone angle
α
2=arctg( (x
k2-x
p)/(r
p2) ) (7)
During engagement, snail root awl and worm gear addendum cone are at P point tangent (Fig. 6), K
1, K
2Straight line is that two awls are selected the normal of public tangent plane, K at P
1, K
2Point is K
1K
2The intersection point of straight line and two axis of cone lines is in the formula (7)
T
P2: the worm gear P point turning radius
X
K2: K
2Point coordinates
X
P1: the P point coordinates.
By above-listed formula calculating worm and worm gear size can (Fig. 7, this figure be processing m with single angle milling cutter
SThe cutter of=4mm) cutting on universal milling machine.
2, the involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing (seeing Fig. 1,2,3) of the present invention design, the gear teeth two flank of tooth A of its worm gear 2 and T and perpendicular to the intersection on the plane of worm gear axis are two involutes, the base circle diameter (BCD) of these two involutes is respectively D
A2, D
R2Worm gear flank of tooth A, T are respectively that diameter is D
A2, D
R2Two formed involute helicoids of base cylinder.The flank of tooth A of worm screw 1, T(Fig. 3 are to be d by diameter a)
JA, d
JTTwo base cylinders form (Fig. 3 b), A, T two sides are that pitch is t
AT
TArticle two, the tangent line L of helix
AL
TThe tangent surface that forms.
3, the processing method of Procedure for Spiroid Gearing device of the present invention and technological equipment
(1) processing of spiroid
The cutting of spiroid can be finished on the engine lathe with master plate or hydraulic copying attachment annex.When not possessing the said equipment, the ball pivot dop 3 and the eccentric anti-top 4(Fig. 8 that can utilize the present invention to design).The ball pivot dop is containing a steel ball by two mutually perpendicular clips 3, connects mutually with the pole 20 of two band circle covers by pin to constitute.During the cutting worm screw, four paws of device only coils 5 on lathe tailstock, blocks eccentric anti-top 4 on the chuck, and head of a bed three jaw chuck blocks anti-top 8 and the on-the-spot hole, top of revising.Workpiece 6 is placed between two steel balls, the centering level, nationality helps ball pivot dop 3 can make tilting workpiece average rate revolution, finishes thread turning work.Should guarantee the center 0 of ball pivot dop during installation, at (π-α
1) bisector plane (this face is perpendicular to the lathe bed guide surface) P in the motion.
(2) worm gear gear teeth processing
The single angle milling cutter of the present invention, common universal milling machine and special-purpose mill teeth frock (Figure 10,11) are finished worm-gear tooth mill teeth operation.Figure 12 is a mill teeth frock kinematic sketch of mechanism.This frock is by base 16, slide 15, and critical pieces such as saddle 14 and main shaft frame 9 are formed.Milling cutter tightens with the cantilever knife bar during mill teeth, milling machine table does not move, base 16 is fastened on the worktable, right side at slide 15 connects tooth bar 19, gear g is engaged with, via pulley frame change gear a, b, c, d and gear f and quadrature tooth bar (on tooth bar two vertical planes tooth being arranged) 17 engagements of being fixed on the saddle 14.This nibble bar 17 again with main shaft cog 10 the engagement.When rotating handwheel 21, organizine nuclear 22, nut 23 promote saddles 14 and advance or retreat along worm gear tooth trace (direction of arrow), and gear g is rotated, make gear 10 and fixed cover 11 on the main shaft drive main shaft gyration through gear a, b, c, d, f and tooth bar 17, so just finished the compound motion that main shaft changes not only but also moves relative to cutter (cutter does not move along its axis).Matched change gear than ac/bd can make cutlery sword face with the relative movement of worm gear base in the envelope cutting mill out the worm gear flank of tooth.
After a roller seating space was finished in cutting, saddle 14 and main shaft resetted, and plugged latch 12, unclamp the bolt on the fixed cover 11, rotatable handle 18 is finished calibration one time by position, hole on the porose disc, unplug latch 12 then, the bolt on fastening 11 repeats the next roller seating space of cutting campaign cutting.Should be noted that must be according to transmission parameter λ before the cutting
4(λ
T), α
1, γ
JAAnd A utilizes rotating shaft H, K(hinge), aligned the angle (Figure 12) between tool axis and axis of workpiece and tooth bar 19 nodel lines, fastening then rotating shaft H, K, after this utilize again the milling machine elevating screw mix up between cutter and axis of workpiece apart from a(Figure 10).
Advantage of the present invention
The product of manufacturing of the present invention-involute straight edge line contact spiroid gear transmission has following advantages:
Compare with cylindrical worm gearing transmission that to have bearing capacity big, the efficient height, compact conformation, and available steel replaces copper to do the worm gear material.
Compare with hourglass worm and to have the insensitive advantage of axial error.
Compare with Archimedes's helical line spiroid, it has transmission symmetry, but and the advantage of the equal grinding of the worm and worm gear gear teeth.
When utilizing the cutting worm gear gear teeth of the present invention, need not the high special-purpose hob cutter of complicated valency, only use common single angle milling cutter, and one can process the worm gear of different moduluses and velocity ratio to milling cutter.This reform of worm gear processing technology not only can reduce manufacture cost, has also created condition for reasonable selection of design parameters.
The technology of the present invention is not difficult to grasp, and medium or small factory, the technician of township enterprise and workman through short-term cultivation, all can grasp production technology.
Claims (3)
1, involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing device is characterized in that the gear teeth two flank of tooth A and the intersection of T with the plane of vertical worm gear axis of worm gear 2, is two involutes, and the base circle diameter (BCD) of these two involutes is respectively D
A2, D
T2, worm gear flank of tooth A, T are respectively that diameter is D
A2, D
T2Two formed involute helicoids of base cylinder, flank of tooth A, the T of worm screw 1 are to be d by diameter
JA, d
JTTwo base cylinders form, the two sides is that pitch is t
A, t
TArticle two, the tangent line L of helix
A, L
TThe tangent surface that forms.
2, the processing method of the described involute Procedure for Spiroid Gearing of a kind of claim 1 device is characterized in that adopting following steps:
1, the flank of tooth of spiroid processing be with the ball pivot dop 3 of the present invention's design and eccentric anti-top 4 in the engine lathe system of getting on the bus, the worm tooth-surface process step is as follows:
A, on lathe tailstock four jaw chuck 5 of device, chuck blocks eccentric anti-top 4; Head of a bed three jaw chuck blocks anti-top 8;
B, with the anti-top of workpiece 6 usefulness chucking, centering level and angle of declination (π-α
1);
C, with ball pivot dop chucking workpiece and the head of a bed is counter comes directly towards, should guarantee ball pivot dop center during installation, at (π-α
1) bisector plane (this face is perpendicular to the lathe bed guide surface) P in the motion;
After finishing above-mentioned adjustment, get final product the turning worm tooth-surface;
2, worm gear flank of tooth processing is with the milling on common universal milling machine of the special-purpose mill teeth frock of the present invention's design and single angle milling cutter, and lathe during mill teeth, frock set-up procedure are as follows:
A, on main shaft, tighten single angle milling cutter with the cantilever knife bar;
B, the frock base is fastened on the machine table, rotatable slide 15 makes its guide rail direction (being the nodel line of tooth bar 13 or the center line of screw mandrel 22) and the machine tool chief axis center line angle of intersection be (λ
T+ α
1), then slide 15 is fastened on the base 16;
C, rotate frock main shaft frame 9, making the angle between the center line of the vertical line of frock main shaft and machine tool chief axis is λ
T, afterwards, frock main shaft frame 9 is fastened on the saddle 14;
The number of teeth of d, calculating frock change gear a, b, c, d installs change gear afterwards;
E, adjustment lathe raising platform, making the distance between frock main-shaft axis and machine tool chief axis axis is a
' oThe lathe stationary table is motionless during mill teeth, by rotating frock screw mandrel 22, the relative machine table of worm gear workpiece on the frock main shaft is changeed not only but also move, and like this, during cutter rotation milling, just can mill out worm gear flank of tooth A and T simultaneously.
3, the special-purpose ball pivot dop of the described involute spiroid of a kind of claim 2 processing method, it is characterized in that: two clips (3) contain a tight steel ball orthogonally, by pin two clips (3) are connect mutually with the pole (20) of two band circle covers respectively, the circle of two poles (20) puts all the chucking screw, circle cover and go up the chucking screw and be used for blocking anti-top (8) and spiroid workpiece on the lathe head of a bed respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90108407A CN1023145C (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1990-10-13 | Involute worm pair with straight generatrix contact cone and technological equipments for their manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90108407A CN1023145C (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1990-10-13 | Involute worm pair with straight generatrix contact cone and technological equipments for their manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1058081A CN1058081A (en) | 1992-01-22 |
| CN1023145C true CN1023145C (en) | 1993-12-15 |
Family
ID=4880988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90108407A Expired - Fee Related CN1023145C (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1990-10-13 | Involute worm pair with straight generatrix contact cone and technological equipments for their manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1023145C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1084449C (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 2002-05-08 | 赵翼瀚 | Point-line contacted biased worm gearing and its manufacture |
| US20120000305A1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2012-01-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Hybrid enveloping spiroid and worm gear |
| CN101769361B (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2012-12-12 | 中国农业大学 | Nonorthogonal conical worm gear pair and nonorthogonal conical worm gear limited slip differential |
| JP6091474B2 (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-03-08 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | Surface processing method for workpieces |
| CN108080748A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 瓦房店轴承集团有限责任公司 | Wind power bearing tooth bores tooth processing method |
-
1990
- 1990-10-13 CN CN90108407A patent/CN1023145C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1058081A (en) | 1992-01-22 |
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