CN1907615A - Toroid worm numerical control machine capable of making up center distance - Google Patents
Toroid worm numerical control machine capable of making up center distance Download PDFInfo
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- CN1907615A CN1907615A CN 200610095040 CN200610095040A CN1907615A CN 1907615 A CN1907615 A CN 1907615A CN 200610095040 CN200610095040 CN 200610095040 CN 200610095040 A CN200610095040 A CN 200610095040A CN 1907615 A CN1907615 A CN 1907615A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an annular worm digit-control machine which can simulate central distance, wherein it comprises four coupled coordinate motions that the main axle has a rotation A around its axle (parallel to Z); the work bench has the translate motions X, Z which are vertical and in horizontal plane, and the tool bench has the rotation Y around its axle 00 (vertical to the XZ plane); the work bench rotates with the transmission ratio i=A/Y with the main axle, and couples with X, Z, and rotates around the simulated round center (the round center of annular worm) to use the machine with small central distance to process the concave and convex annular worms with large central distance, with low cost and compact structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool, especially a kind of enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool of energy virtual center distance.
Background technology
Worm-drive is one of main machine driving commonly used in the mechanized equipment, characteristics such as it mainly has gear range wide (a common stage gear ratio can reach 5～100), compact conformation, volume is little, motion is steady, noise is low, in transmission system, the upstream error there is the effect of holding back of contracting, thereby is usually used in the accurate circular division mechanism.
Enveloping worm transmission such as planar double enveloping worm transmission, toroid enveloping worm with cone generatrix transmission, hindley worm transmission etc., also have higher bearing capacity, transmission efficiency because of it, life-span is long, superiority such as the average error of division is little, be more suitable for being applied to important occasion, as various metallurgy, mine, oil recovery, colliery, chemical industry, boats and ships, track traffic, cannon, elevator and common apparatus etc.Cylindrical worm is as involute cylindrical worm commonly used, ring surface enveloped cylindrical worm (also claiming " Niemann worm screw "), milled helicoids worm etc., because of its technological equipment for making simple relatively, though thereby its transmission performance carries or the underloading occasion in also being widely used in not as good as enveloping worm.The conical worm flank of tooth is an Archimedes' helicoid, have that registration is big, flank of tooth lubricating condition is good, by move axially spiroid can the regulating tooth side clearance and do not destroy flank of tooth conjugation, can the use of double as clutch etc. distinct advantages, but in industry, be not used widely as yet at home at present, remain further to be developed.
Because worm-drive belongs to the alternating axis transmission, relative sliding velocity was bigger when worm gear contacted with worm tooth-surface, and for reducing the friction between the flank of tooth, the worm tooth-surface of high-quality all must have very high precision, hardness and fineness.Therefore, worm tooth portion all will quench and accurate grinding except adopting turning or milling moulding.
Cylindrical worm tooth portion is usually in turning on the lathe, whirling or Milling Process, grinding on the cylindrical worm grinding machine at last on milling machine.A part also can be utilized screw grinder, relieving lathe or the processing of screw mandrel grinding machine.Special-purpose worm grinder all attach can the various worm screws commonly used of grinding bistrique and truer thereof, all there are production in this type of lathe China Hanjiang Machine Tool Factory, many countries such as Dalian Machine Tool Factory and Germany, Japan etc.
Conical worm equates that along pitch cone bus helical pitch its flank of tooth needs turning or milling shaping on the special plane of three-shaft linkage, and precision prescribed height, the less hard flank of tooth spiroid of tooth-face roughness numerical value also need roll flute.
The anchor ring worm screw can be subdivided into two kinds in scrobicular ring face and bulge loop face again, the processing of its tooth portion is different from cylindrical worm, add man-hour, the worm screw workpiece is done gyration around self axis, and the instrument of cutting or grinding worm thread is then done gyration around the axis of the certain vertical range of distance worm axis by certain gear ratio.Current, cutting of enveloping worm groove or grinding are generally carried out on the special plane with gear-hobbing machine or lathe repacking, also have the control specific machine of a small amount of two-axle interlocking to occur.
Analysis-by-synthesis as can be seen, more than in many worm screw machining tools, have following defective:
1. processing column worm screw, conical worm, recessed anchor ring worm screw, the used lathe of this four classes worm screw of dome enveloping worm generally do not possess versatility, especially process conical worm, recessed anchor ring worm screw, dome enveloping worm, need on special plane separately, to carry out respectively.
2. the function of all kinds of worm screw machining tools is general more single, and turning, milling, grinding generally need to carry out respectively on different lathes.
3. all enveloping worm machining tools, when the recessed anchor ring worm screw of processing, the operating center distance of its tool stand gyroaxis and worm axis, all must be not less than the worm geared centre-to-centre spacing of recessed anchor ring worm screw of being processed and the worm gear that matches composition, the vertical, horizontal size of lathe is all very big, not only take up an area of greatly, heaviness, and also extremely uneconomical; In addition, if,, can not satisfy the length of worm requirement though can satisfy the requirement of centre-to-centre spacing with existing gear-hobbing machine repacking special plane; If with existing lathe repacking special plane, though can satisfy the length of worm requirement, can not satisfy the centre-to-centre spacing requirement, this contradiction fails to solve for a long time.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve above-mentioned all technical problems, adopts the virtual centre of gyration of a kind of energy and the enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool that volume is little, function is strong.
Enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool involved in the present invention is by lathe bed (1), main spindle box (2), main axle servo motor (10), spindle drive chain (11), main shaft (12), anchor clamps (13), tailstock (15), longitudinal axis case (3), longitudinal axis servomotor (16), longitudinal axis ball screw (17) nut (18) pair, longitudinal axis slip crate (4), big cargo chute (5), longitudinal rail (19), transverse axis case (6), transverse axis servomotor (20), transverse axis ball screw (21) nut (22) pair, little slip crate (7), cross slide way (23), rotary servovalve motor (24), accurate worm gear (26) worm screw (25) pair, tool stand compositions such as (9); Main shaft (12) is driven through spindle drive chain (11) numerical control by the main axle servo motor (10) that is installed in the main spindle box (2), around A to revolution; Big cargo chute (5) connects firmly with longitudinal axis slip crate (4), and by the longitudinal axis servomotor (16) of (3) in the longitudinal axis case, the nut (18) that drives in the longitudinal axis slip crate (4) by ball screw (17) numerical control drives, and moves in longitudinal rail (19) upper edge Z direction; Little slip crate (7) is by the transverse axis servomotor (20) that is installed in the transverse axis case (6), and the nut (22) that drives in the little slip crate by ball screw (21) numerical control drives, and moves at cross slide way (23) upper edge directions X; Little slip crate (7) is gone up an accurate worm gearing is installed, wherein worm screw (25) is driven by rotary servovalve motor (24) numerical control, and the worm gear (26) that is meshed with it by certain speed reducing ratio transmission, thereby make tool stand (9) with worm gear (26) Joint when Y does gyration, can press certain plane curve track along X, Z to translation.
Four related reference axis of this lathe are the numerical control axle, can realize the numerical control four-axis interlock.
When described tool stand (9) is gone up installation tool holder or milling head or bistrique (28), this lathe just can be respectively applied for turning or milling or grinding worm tooth.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: virtual centre of gyration function of the present invention, can realize the big centre-to-centre spacing anchor ring of machine tooling worm screw with little centre-to-centre spacing, cost is low, compact conformation, take up room little; Be equipped with different annexes, the present invention can be used for turning, milling, grinding, and function is strong; In addition, the present invention can be used in all types of worm screws of processing, highly versatile, a tractor serves several purposes; The present invention is convenient to popularize, and is beneficial to popularization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention (front view).
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention (vertical view).
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively schematic diagram and the present invention of setting forth the virtual centre of gyration function of the present invention and utilize virtual centre of gyration function to process the schematic diagram of recessed anchor ring worm screw.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are respectively schematic diagram and the present invention of setting forth the virtual centre of gyration function of the present invention and utilize virtual centre of gyration function to process the schematic diagram of dome enveloping worm.
Wherein: 1---lathe bed, 2---main spindle box, 3---longitudinal axis case, 4---longitudinal axis slip crate, 5---big cargo chute, 6---the transverse axis case, 7---little slip crate, 8---worm gear case, 9---tool stand, 10---the main axle servo motor, 11---the spindle drive chain, 12---main shaft, 13---anchor clamps, 14---workpiece, 15---tailstock, 16---longitudinal axis servomotor, 17---longitudinal axis ball screw, 18---longitudinal axis ball nut, 19---longitudinal rail, 20---the transverse axis servomotor, 21---the transverse axis ball screw, 22---the transverse axis ball nut, 23---cross slide way, 24---the rotary servovalve motor, 25---precise worm, 26---accurate worm gear, 27---the straight knife tool
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, operation principle of the present invention and embodiment are further described:
In the present invention, the position contextual definition of X, Y, Z, four axles of A is as follows: X, Z are the two orthogonal shifting axles that are positioned at horizontal plane, and A is the gyroaxis (main shaft) that is parallel to Z, and Y is the gyroaxis perpendicular to the XZ plane; Four axles can carry out single action control, also can make up the control that links arbitrarily.
1) as A, X, Y, when Z is four-axle linked, this lathe just can be used for processing concave, convex anchor ring worm screw; Also be suitable for processed complex surface of revolution part.Shown in Figure 3, when the centre of gyration of tool stand is that the center of circle is that (x is one section circular arc z) to f, satisfies X as circular motion by a virtual center O
2+ Z
2-R
2=0 o'clock, and the motion that is fixed on arbitrary curve (comprising straight line) on the tool stand or curved surface (comprising the plane) is for around this virtual center revolution the time, do even angle rate or non-uniform angular velocity rotation with tool stand, X, Z and Y again with the gyration A of main shaft interlock, just meet the formation principle that arc rotary surface worm screw commonly used is recessed anchor ring worm thread, the centre-to-centre spacing of tool stand and workpiece is much smaller than the centre-to-centre spacing of theory requirement at this moment, not only realized purpose with the big centre-to-centre spacing enveloping worm of machine tooling of little centre-to-centre spacing, and this lathe also can be used for making dome enveloping worm (drum type anchor ring worm screw) simultaneously, and principle as shown in Figure 5.The lateral dimension of lathe reduces greatly, takes up an area of for a short time, and cost saving reduces production costs effectively.
Be example now with processing hindley worm thread (being that bus is the worm tooth of straight line), its virtual centre of gyration function of specific explanations.As shown in Figure 4, workpiece 14 is around its axes O
1With angular velocity omega
1Revolution (A to), at this moment, be fixed on straight knife tool 27 on the tool stand with tool stand with angular velocity omega
2Around O
0Revolution (Y to), and O
0By X, the Z interlock along a circular curve orbiting motion, realizes with O being the circular motion in the center of circle, and making rectilinear edge 27 maintenances is that O, radius are r with the center of circle
bBasic circle (or claim form circle) tangent.Like this, the track plane that rectilinear edge 27 forms on worm screw is exactly the helical tooth flank of hindley worm.The present invention is with ω with rectilinear edge 27
2Around the rotating motion of O, be decomposed into following motion equivalently: rectilinear edge 27 is with ω
0With tool stand 9 around center O
0Do gyration (Y to) and by the centre of gyration of tool stand 9 by horizontal (X to) translation and vertically (Y to) translation is synthetic is the circular motion in the center of circle with O.The actual machining center of lathe of this moment much smaller than the centre-to-centre spacing a of design with theoretical requirement, has been realized the purpose with the big centre-to-centre spacing enveloping worm of little centre-to-centre spacing processing and manufacturing apart from, reduces the lateral dimension of lathe greatly.
2) when only allowing A, X, Z three-shaft linkage, this lathe just can be used for processing conical worm; Also be suitable for processed complex surface of revolution part.
3) when only allowing A, Z two-axle interlocking, this lathe just can be used for the processing column worm screw; Also be suitable for processing column face or cylindrical thread class part.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool of energy virtual center distance, comprise lathe bed (1), main spindle box (2), main axle servo motor (10), spindle drive chain (11), main shaft (12), anchor clamps (13), tailstock (15), longitudinal axis case (3), longitudinal axis servomotor (16), longitudinal axis ball screw (17) nut (18) pair, longitudinal axis slip crate (4), big cargo chute (5), longitudinal rail (19), transverse axis case (6), transverse axis servomotor (20), transverse axis ball screw (21) nut (22) pair, little slip crate (7), cross slide way (23), rotary servovalve motor (24), accurate worm gear (26) worm screw (25) pair, tool stand (9) etc., main shaft (12) is driven through spindle drive chain (11) numerical control by the main axle servo motor (10) that is installed in the main spindle box (2), around A to revolution, big cargo chute (5) connects firmly with longitudinal axis slip crate (4), longitudinal axis servomotor (16) by (3) in the longitudinal axis case, the nut (18) that drives in the longitudinal axis slip crate (4) by ball screw (17) numerical control drives, and move in longitudinal rail (19) upper edge Z direction, little slip crate (7) is by the transverse axis servomotor (20) that is installed in the transverse axis case (6), the nut (22) that drives in the little slip crate by ball screw (21) numerical control drives, and move at cross slide way (23) upper edge directions X, it is characterized in that: an accurate worm gearing is installed in the worm gear case (8) on the little slip crate (7), wherein worm screw (25) is driven by rotary servovalve motor (24) numerical control, and the worm gear (26) that is meshed with it by certain speed reducing ratio transmission, thereby make with the tool stand (9) of worm gear (26) Joint and do gyration, and then make tool stand can make X simultaneously around Y, Z is to moving and rotating around Y-axis; Four related reference axis of this lathe are the numerical control axle, can make up interlock arbitrarily, realize the required function of processing enveloping worm.
2, the enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool of energy virtual center distance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when four-axle linked, when being used to process the anchor ring worm screw, X, Z, three numerical control axles of Y are combined to form a virtual centre of gyration, the centre-to-centre spacing that this virtual centre of gyration function makes the centre-to-centre spacing of tool stand and workpiece require much smaller than machining worm, thus realize purpose with the big centre-to-centre spacing anchor ring of the machine tooling manufacturing worm screw of little centre-to-centre spacing.
3, the enveloping worm Digit Control Machine Tool of energy virtual center distance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when tool holder or milling head or bistrique (28) were installed respectively on described tool stand (9), this lathe just can be respectively applied for turning or milling or the grinding Digit Control Machine Tool of making the processing enveloping worm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610095040 CN1907615A (en) | 2006-08-18 | 2006-08-18 | Toroid worm numerical control machine capable of making up center distance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610095040 CN1907615A (en) | 2006-08-18 | 2006-08-18 | Toroid worm numerical control machine capable of making up center distance |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101862932A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-10-20 | 天津起重设备有限公司 | Welding tool for assembling electric hoist roller stand |
| CN102059554A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2011-05-18 | 北京京仪世纪电子股份有限公司 | Numerically controlled turning-grinding combined machine tool |
| CN102107300A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-06-29 | 上海合纵重工机械有限公司 | CNC (computerized numerical control) combined turning and grinding machine tool for four-linkage enveloping worms and processing method thereof |
| CN102430962A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-05-02 | 周齐佑 | Machining apparatus |
| CN102581385A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 无锡市欧泰数控机床有限公司 | Four-axis linked numerically-controlled lathe for machining planar double-enveloping worm |
| CN104174938A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-03 | 西华大学 | Hourglass worm processing machine tool with on-line detection and correction processing functions |
| CN104526070A (en) * | 2014-12-21 | 2015-04-22 | 北京工业大学 | Calibration method for multi-shaft linkage machining positions of toroidal worm |
| CN106270812A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | A kind of method of lathe in machining helical surface of enveloping worm |
| CN108778592A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-11-09 | Emag 控股有限公司 | The method and apparatus of manufacture and the deburring of toothing |
| CN108971660A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-11 | 佛山市顺德区国强道生实业有限公司 | A kind of multiple-grooved machining worm machine |
| CN111077849A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-28 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Self-adaptive machining method for integral impeller of five-axis numerical control machine tool |
| CN113878179A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-04 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | High-precision normal straight-profile worm gear tooth part machining method |
| CN114211059A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-22 | 盐城工学院 | Machining method for enveloping cylindrical worm threads on torus |
| CN114643391A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-21 | 广州数控设备有限公司 | Automatic machining method combining milling and grinding aiming at worm |
-
2006
- 2006-08-18 CN CN 200610095040 patent/CN1907615A/en active Pending
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101862932B (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-01-02 | 天津起重设备有限公司 | Welding tool for assembling electric hoist roller stand |
| CN101862932A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-10-20 | 天津起重设备有限公司 | Welding tool for assembling electric hoist roller stand |
| CN102059554A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2011-05-18 | 北京京仪世纪电子股份有限公司 | Numerically controlled turning-grinding combined machine tool |
| CN102107300A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-06-29 | 上海合纵重工机械有限公司 | CNC (computerized numerical control) combined turning and grinding machine tool for four-linkage enveloping worms and processing method thereof |
| CN102107300B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-01-02 | 上海合纵重工机械有限公司 | CNC (computerized numerical control) combined turning and grinding machine tool for four-linkage enveloping worms and processing method thereof |
| CN102430962B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2015-03-25 | 周齐佑 | Machining apparatus |
| CN102430962A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-05-02 | 周齐佑 | Machining apparatus |
| CN102581385A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 无锡市欧泰数控机床有限公司 | Four-axis linked numerically-controlled lathe for machining planar double-enveloping worm |
| CN104174938B (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2016-04-06 | 西华大学 | There is on-line checkingi and the enveloping worm machining tool revising machining functions |
| CN104174938A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-03 | 西华大学 | Hourglass worm processing machine tool with on-line detection and correction processing functions |
| CN104526070A (en) * | 2014-12-21 | 2015-04-22 | 北京工业大学 | Calibration method for multi-shaft linkage machining positions of toroidal worm |
| CN104526070B (en) * | 2014-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 北京工业大学 | Calibration method for multi-shaft linkage machining positions of toroidal worm |
| CN108778592A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-11-09 | Emag 控股有限公司 | The method and apparatus of manufacture and the deburring of toothing |
| CN106270812A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | A kind of method of lathe in machining helical surface of enveloping worm |
| CN106270812B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-08-03 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | A kind of method of lathe in machining helical surface of enveloping worm |
| CN108971660A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-11 | 佛山市顺德区国强道生实业有限公司 | A kind of multiple-grooved machining worm machine |
| CN111077849A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-28 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Self-adaptive machining method for integral impeller of five-axis numerical control machine tool |
| CN114211059A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-22 | 盐城工学院 | Machining method for enveloping cylindrical worm threads on torus |
| CN114211059B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-12-26 | 盐城工学院 | Machining method for circular ring surface covered cylindrical worm threads |
| CN113878179A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-04 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | High-precision normal straight-profile worm gear tooth part machining method |
| CN113878179B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2024-04-19 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | High-precision normal direction straight profile worm gear tooth part processing method |
| CN114643391A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-21 | 广州数控设备有限公司 | Automatic machining method combining milling and grinding aiming at worm |
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