CN102308422B - Fuel cell system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102308422B CN102308422B CN201080007119.1A CN201080007119A CN102308422B CN 102308422 B CN102308422 B CN 102308422B CN 201080007119 A CN201080007119 A CN 201080007119A CN 102308422 B CN102308422 B CN 102308422B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04059—Evaporative processes for the cooling of a fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04335—Temperature; Ambient temperature of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
A fuel cell system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a fuel treatment device which supplies fuel gas containing hydrogen; an oxidant gas supply device which supplies oxidant gas containing oxygen; a fuel cell stack which initiates an electrochemical reaction using the fuel gas and the oxidant gas; a cooling device which cools heat generated by the fuel cell stack; a heat recovery device which recovers waste heat from the high temperature cooling water supplied by the cooling device, circulated through the fuel cell stack, and discharged; and a vapor-generating device which supplies water with a pressure to generate vapor using the waste heat from the fuel treatment device, and which supplies the thus-generated vapor to at least the fuel gas or the oxidant gas being supplied to the fuel cell stack to humidify the fuel gas or the oxidant gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt the fuel cell system of high-molecular electrolyte fuel battery heap, more specifically, thus relate to the fuel cell system and the control method thereof that make to be supplied to the fuel gas of fuel cell pack and/or the humidification of oxidant gas and carry out smoothly steady production electric power.
Background technology
High-molecular electrolyte fuel battery (PEMFC:Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) system adopts the polymeric membrane with hydrogen ion commutativity as electrolyte, use hydrogeneous fuel gas and oxygen containing oxidant gas to cause electrochemical reaction, thereby produce electricity and hot.
Fuel gas and oxidant gas are supplied to fuel cell pack after being carried out humidification by damping device respectively.In damping device, for example, in aerosol type (Bubbler) damping device, in the warm water that uses heater to generate, pass through respectively fuel gas and oxidant gas, thereby provide moisture to fuel gas and oxidant gas.But, because aerosol type damping device uses energy for heating water, so the power consumption of fuel cell system increases., the Efficiency Decreasing of fuel cell system.
For example, membranous type damping device exports a side at each of the fuel gas of fuel cell pack and oxidant gas, other gases that make moisture content steam see through in film through and mobile, thereby provide moisture to fuel gas and oxidant gas.Membranous type damping device is to utilize heat and the moisture of discharging from fuel cell pack to carry out humidification, so can be more energy-conservation than spraying humidifier.But membranous type damping device is difficult to make the fuel gas and the oxidant gas that are supplied to fuel cell pack to become complete humidification state, realize complete humidification state, just must increase the area through film.,, in fuel cell system, it is large that the scale of damping device becomes.
Summary of the invention
The object of one aspect of the present invention is, a kind of fuel cell system and control method thereof are provided, and it does not use and appends energy, and in making the construction minimizes of damping device, realizes the complete humidification of fuel gas and/or oxidant gas.
The object of another aspect of the present invention is, a kind of fuel cell system and control method thereof are provided, and it reclaims used heat from emitting in fuel treating equipment realizes the complete humidification of fuel gas and/or oxidant gas.
The fuel cell system of one embodiment of the present of invention, comprising: fuel treating equipment, supply with hydrogen-containing fuel gas; Oxidant gas feedway, supplies with oxygen containing oxidant gas; Fuel cell pack, uses above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas to cause electrochemical reaction; Cooling device, carries out cooling to the heat producing at above-mentioned fuel cell pack; Heat reclamation device, the cooling water of the high temperature of discharging after above-mentioned fuel cell pack circulation from being supplied to above-mentioned cooling device reclaims used heat; And steam generating apparatus, supply has the direct-furnish water of self pressure, utilize the used heat of above-mentioned fuel treating equipment to generate steam, supply with above-mentioned steam at least one being supplied in above-mentioned fuel gas and the above-mentioned oxidant gas of above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
The fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise: direct-furnish water pressure reducer, regulates the pressure of above-mentioned direct-furnish water to regulate the flow of be supplied to above-mentioned direct-furnish water; And proportional control valve, be located between above-mentioned direct-furnish water pressure reducer and above-mentioned steam generating apparatus, regulate the amount of the required steam of humidification.
The fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise pure water generating device, and this pure water generating device is located between above-mentioned direct-furnish water pressure reducer and aforementioned proportion control valve, the above-mentioned direct-furnish water that is supplied to of conversion and generate pure water.
Above-mentioned steam generating apparatus is located in above-mentioned fuel treating equipment, the fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention can also comprise nozzle, this nozzle is located at the fuel gas inlet side of above-mentioned fuel cell pack, sprays above-mentioned steam to the above-mentioned fuel gas that is supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
The fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise damping device, and this damping device is located between the oxidant gas entrance of above-mentioned oxidant gas feedway and above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
The fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise: voltage detection department, according to the voltage producing at above-mentioned fuel cell pack through measurement of time; And control device, control the cooling water temperature that flows into above-mentioned fuel cell pack according to the voltage detecting at above-mentioned voltage detection department.
The fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise electric power converter, and this electric power converter is measured generation power by being converted to alternating current at the direct current of above-mentioned control device and the generation of above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
The fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise: cooling water inlet temperature transducer, for measuring the cooling water inlet temperature of above-mentioned fuel cell pack; Fuel gas inlet temperature sensor, for measuring the fuel gas inlet temperature of above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And oxidant gas inlet temperature sensor, for measuring the oxidant gas inlet temperature of above-mentioned fuel cell pack.Aforementioned proportion control valve is controlled the amount of the required steam of above-mentioned humidification according to the detection signal of above-mentioned cooling water inlet temperature transducer, above-mentioned fuel gas inlet temperature sensor and above-mentioned oxidant gas inlet temperature sensor.
Above-mentioned steam generating apparatus is located in above-mentioned fuel treating equipment, the fuel cell system of another embodiment of the present invention can also comprise nozzle, this nozzle is located at the oxidant gas inlet side of above-mentioned fuel cell pack, and the above-mentioned oxidant gas that is supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack is sprayed to above-mentioned steam.
The control method of the fuel cell system of one embodiment of the invention, comprising: generation power measuring process, measure the generation power producing at fuel cell pack; Fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step, according to the generation power of measuring at above-mentioned generation power measuring process, the cooling water of above-mentioned fuel cell pack is maintained to set point; And humidification maintains step, after above-mentioned fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step, the cooling water, fuel gas and the oxidant gas that are supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack are measured respectively to inlet temperature, if measured each measurement temperature value is more than set point, stop or reducing the humidification of above-mentioned fuel cell pack, be less than measurement temperature value if measure temperature value, humidification is carried out and maintained to open proportional control valve.
Above-mentioned generation power measuring process can comprise generation power determining step, judge that at this generation power determining step measured above-mentioned generation power is whether within setting range, and repeatedly carry out generation power measurement until within measured above-mentioned generation power belongs to setting range.
Above-mentioned fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step and comprises: cooling water temperature measuring process, measure cooling water temperature in the cooling water inlet that is supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And cooling water temperature determining step, judge whether above-mentioned cooling water temperature belongs in range of set value, when regulating the flow of the heat-exchange pump that is connected with heat exchanger, repeatedly carry out above-mentioned cooling water temperature measurement, until above-mentioned cooling water temperature belongs in range of set value.
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step and can also comprise: variation in voltage amplitude measurement step, the amplitude of fluctuation of the voltage producing at above-mentioned fuel cell pack is measured; And variation in voltage amplitude determining step, judge whether the variation in voltage amplitude of measuring in above-mentioned variation in voltage amplitude measurement step belongs in range of set value, and close aforementioned proportion control valve and stop humidification, until variation in voltage amplitude belongs in range of set value.
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step and can comprise: gas temperature measuring step, in the situation that above-mentioned variation in voltage amplitude belongs in range of set value, measure respectively the fuel gas of each entrance and the temperature of oxidant gas that are supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack; Gas temperature determining step, judges whether the measured temperature of above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas is less than set point; Open step, if said temperature measured value is less than above-mentioned set point, the open aforementioned proportion control valve for humidification; And close and reduce step, if said temperature measured value is more than above-mentioned set point,, in order to stop and reducing humidification, close aforementioned proportion control valve, or reduce the flow of aforementioned proportion control valve.
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step and can comprise: gas temperature is measuring process again, above-mentioned close and reduce step after, in setting-up time, remeasure the temperature of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas that are supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And measure again temperature range determining step, whether the temperature that judges above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas again measured value belongs in range of set value, measured value belongs in range of set value again in the situation that, re-execute variation in voltage amplitude measurement step at said temperature.
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step can carry out humidification at least one in above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas.
According to one embodiment of the invention, do not use other water pump, and in the situation that not appending power consumption, supply with direct-furnish water, and produce steam to fuel gas and/or oxidant gas injection at the steam generating apparatus that utilizes the used heat of emitting in fuel treating equipment, realize thus complete humidification, thereby there is the effect that makes the simple in structure of fuel cell system and reduce power consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that schematically represents the fuel cell system of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the precedence diagram that the control method of the fuel cell system of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart that schematically represents the fuel cell system of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, can easily implement to there are the personnel of the ordinary skill in the affiliated field of the present invention.But the present invention can be presented as various mode, be not limited to embodiment described herein.In order to clearly state the present invention, omit in the accompanying drawings the part irrelevant with explanation, for same or similar structural element, in whole specification, mark identical reference marker.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that schematically represents the fuel cell system of the first embodiment of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 1, the fuel cell system 100 of the first embodiment comprises: utilize electrochemical reaction to produce the fuel cell pack 10 of electric energy; Supply with the fuel treating equipment 20 of hydrogeneous fuel gas to fuel cell pack 10; Supply with the oxidant gas feedway 30 of oxygen containing oxidant gas to fuel cell pack 10; The direct current producing at fuel cell pack 10 is converted to the electric power converter 40 of alternating current; And the control device 90 that these parts are controlled.
As an example, the polymeric membrane with hydrogen ion commutativity is used as electrolyte by fuel cell pack 10, can be formed as causing that with hydrogen and oxygen electrochemical reaction produces electric high-molecular electrolyte fuel battery (PEMFC).
After fuel treating equipment 20 is reformed fuel, the fuel gas inlet by hydrogeneous fuel gas supply to fuel cell pack 10.Oxidant gas feedway 30 can be formed by compressor or air blast, is the oxidant gas entrance that oxidant gas is supplied to fuel cell pack 10 by oxygen containing air.
The fuel cell system 100 of the first embodiment also comprises the structure for the fuel gas that is supplied to fuel cell pack 10 and/or oxidant gas successfully being carried out to humidification.For example, fuel cell system 100 also comprises: cooling device 50, heat reclamation device 60, steam generating apparatus 70, direct-furnish water pressure reducer (61), proportional control valve 62, and pure water generating device 63.In addition, fuel cell system 100 also comprises: be located at the damping device 31 between oxidant gas feedway 30 and the oxidant gas entrance of fuel cell pack 10; And oxidant gas inlet temperature sensor 32.
The direct-furnish water supply lines (not shown) of direct-furnish water pressure reducer 61 is connected with a side of pure water generating device 63.Direct-furnish water pressure reducer 61 is connected with outside direct-furnish water supply lines, and the pressure that is running water to the direct-furnish water of supplying with from outside reduces pressure to regulate the flow of direct-furnish water.Thus, can use direct-furnish water at fuel cell pack 10.Direct-furnish water pressure reducer 61 is in the time providing fuel gas to being supplied to fuel cell pack 10 to carry out the required moisture of humidification, and not needing other water supply installation is water pump (not shown), thus, can not produce additional power consumption.The direct-furnish water that is supplied to direct-furnish water pressure reducer 61 is converted to pure water by pure water generating device 63.
In addition, the steam generating apparatus 70 of proportional control valve 62 is connected to the opposite side of pure water generating device 63.Proportional control valve 62, to be supplied to the direct-furnish water of steam generating apparatus 70 from heat reclamation device 60, is more specifically that the amount of pure water is controlled, the humidification degree of fuel metering gas thus, and the humidification of fuel gas is carried out or is stopped in supply that controlling pure water.
On the other hand, fuel treating equipment 20 is connected by fuel gas supply pipeline 21 and fuel gas discharge line 22 with fuel cell pack 10, at feed fuels gas each other, and discharges unnecessary fuel gas.
Fuel gas inlet temperature sensor 27 possesses the fuel gas inlet at the fuel cell pack 10 connecting by fuel gas supply pipeline 21, detects the temperature of the fuel gas being supplied to, and detection signal is applied to control device 90.
In addition, steam generating apparatus 70 is described above, and a side is connected to proportional control valve 62 accepts the supply of oxygen, and the used heat that reclaims fuel treating equipment 20 produces steam, and opposite side is connected to nozzle 71 and sprays the steam producing.Nozzle 71 is located in fuel gas supply pipeline 21, to the fuel gas inlet injection water steam of fuel cell pack 10., steam carries out humidification to fuel gas.
That is, the pure water passing ratio control valve 62 generating at pure water generating device 63 is supplied to steam generating apparatus 70, is recovered in the used heat that fuel treating equipment 20 emits and is transformed to steam.
Cooling device 50 is supplied to fuel cell pack 10 by cooling water and carrys out cooled fuel cell heap 10.For example, cooling device 50 comprises: cooling water tank 51, for storing cooling water; Cooling water pump 52, is connected with cooling water tank 51 and cooling water is supplied to the cooling water inlet of fuel cell pack 10; And cooling water inlet temperature transducer 53, be located at the cooling water inlet of fuel cell pack 10, detect cooling water temperature in cooling water inlet.
Drive cooling water pump 52 according to the detection of cooling water inlet temperature transducer 53.By the driving of cooling water pump 52, the cooling water that is supplied to the cooling water inlet of fuel cell pack 10 carries out cooling to fuel cell pack 10 and is discharged to coolant outlet after being transformed to the condition of high temperature, flows into afterwards cooling water tank 51 and carries out recirculation.
The cooling water that flows into the high temperature of cooling water tank 51 from fuel cell pack 10 is able to cooling via heat exchanger 55.In addition, heat exchanger 55 is connected with heat reclamation device 60 by heat-exchange pump 54.By driving heat-exchange pump 54, the sub-cooled water circulation of heat reclamation device 60 is supplied to heat exchanger 55, reclaim fuel cell pack 10 has been carried out to used heat cooling and high-temperature cooling water that obtain.Heat-exchange pump 54 and heat exchanger 55 according to be located at fuel cell pack 10 coolant outlet cooling water outlet temperature transducer (56) detection and driven, reclaim the used heat of fuel cell pack 10.
On the other hand, fuel cell system 100 also comprises voltage detection department 80.The voltage that voltage detection department 80 produced at fuel cell pack 10 through measurement according to the time, and this detection signal is applied to control device 90.Therefore, control device 90 maintains the cooling water that flow into fuel cell pack 10 in the temperature of setting according to the voltage of measuring at voltage detection department 80, thereby can control in cooling water inlet the temperature of cooling water.
The detection signal of control device 90 receiver voltage test sections 80, controls the electric power converter 40 being connected with fuel cell pack 10 and fuel cell pack 10.Oxidant gas entrance detecting sensor 32, cooling water inlet temperature transducer 53 and fuel gas inlet temperature sensor 27 are connected with control device 90, detect each temperature and apply detection signal to control device 90.
Fig. 2 is the precedence diagram that the control method of the fuel cell system of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the control method of fuel cell system comprises: generation power measuring process ST10, measures the electric power generating electricity at fuel cell pack 10; Fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step (, being called " internal temperature maintains step " below) ST20, according to generation power, the cooling water temperature of fuel cell pack 10 is maintained to set point; And humidification maintains step ST30, supply with selectively steam to fuel gas and/or oxidant gas.
Generation power measuring process ST10 comprises: generation power measuring process ST11, after fuel cell pack 10 starts electrical production, in electric power converter 40 test constantly generation power; And generation power determining step ST12, judge at control device 90 whether measured generation power belongs in setting range.At generation power determining step ST12 generation power measuring process ST11 repeatedly, until measured generation power belongs in setting range.Carry out internal temperature according to the result of generation power measuring process ST10 and maintain step ST20.
Maintain step ST20 at internal temperature, the cooling water temperature of fuel cell pack 10 is maintained to setting range, thus the temperature of fuel cell pack 10 inside is maintained to certain level.Internal temperature maintains step ST20 and comprises: cooling water temperature measuring process ST21, measures cooling water temperature in the cooling water inlet that is supplied to fuel cell pack; And cooling water temperature determining step ST22, judge whether cooling water temperature belongs in range of set value.
At cooling water temperature determining step ST22, when regulating the flow of the heat-exchange pump 54 that is connected with heat exchanger 55, repeatedly carry out cooling water temperature measurement, until cooling water temperature belongs in range of set value.After the temperature of fuel cell pack 10 inside maintains necessarily, carry out humidification and maintain step ST30.
Humidification maintains step ST30 and measures the cooling water supplied with to fuel cell pack 10 and each inlet temperature of fuel gas and oxidant gas, be more than range of set value if respectively measure temperature value, stop or reducing the humidification of fuel cell pack 10, be less than range of set value if measure temperature value, open proportional control valve 62 maintains execution humidification.
First, humidification maintains step ST30 and comprises: variation in voltage amplitude measurement step ST311, the amplitude of fluctuation of the voltage that measurement produces at fuel cell pack 10; And variation in voltage amplitude determining step ST312, judge whether the variation in voltage amplitude of measuring at variation in voltage amplitude measurement step ST311 belongs in range of set value.In addition, close proportional control valve 62 at variation in voltage amplitude determining step ST312 and stop humidification, until measured variation in voltage amplitude belongs in range of set value.Belong to range of set value in measured variation in voltage amplitude, maintain step ST30 and carry out the next step of variation in voltage amplitude determining step ST312 at humidification.
Belong to range of set value in measured variation in voltage amplitude, humidification maintains step ST30 and comprises: gas temperature measuring step ST321, measures respectively the fuel gas of each entrance and the temperature of oxidant gas that are supplied to fuel cell pack 10; And gas temperature determining step ST322, judge whether the measured temperature of the fuel gas measured at gas temperature measuring step ST321 and oxidant gas is less than set point.In addition, gas temperature determining step ST322 carries out gas temperature measuring repeatedly, until measured temperature is less than set point.
In the situation that measured temperature is less than set point, humidification maintains the open step ST33 that step ST30 comprises open proportional control valve 62.The open proportional control valve 62 of open step ST33 is supplied with warm water, and the steam producing at steam generating apparatus 70 is supplied to fuel cell pack 10, and fuel gas or oxidant gas are carried out to humidification.
Be set point above in the situation that at measured temperature, humidification maintains step ST30 and comprises and close/reduce step ST34, closes/reduces step ST34 and close proportional control valve 62, or reduce the control of the flow of proportional control valve 62.Closing/reduce step ST34 is above-mentioned set point when above at measured temperature, and comparative example control valve 62 carries out closing control or flow and reduces and control, and stops thus humidification or reduces humidification.
In addition, humidification maintains step ST30 after closing/reduce step ST34, comprising: gas temperature is measuring process ST35 again, in setting-up time again to being supplied to the fuel gas of fuel cell pack 10 and the temperature of oxidant gas is measured; And measure again temperature range determining step ST36, whether the temperature that judges fuel gas and oxidant gas again measured value belongs in range of set value.
In temperature, measured value belongs to range of set value again in the situation that, control device 90 is carried out variation in voltage amplitude measurement step ST31 again.Therefore, measure again temperature range determining step ST36 after having carried out stopping and having reduced humidification control, in setting-up time with repeatedly measurement gas temperature of specific interval, when temperature is when measured value belongs in range of set value again, measuring voltage amplitude of fluctuation (ST31) judges initial humidified condition again.
As mentioned above, whether humidification maintains step ST30 and belongs in range of set value as the 1st basis using the value of the process in time of the generating voltage amplitude of fluctuation of test constantly, using the measured temperature of the gas measuring at each entrance as second basis, carry out control ratio control valve 62, control thus the degree of humidification.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart that schematically represents the fuel cell system of the second embodiment of the present invention.In a second embodiment, omit the explanation to the structure similar or identical with the structure of the first embodiment, the structure different from the structure of the first embodiment described.
The first embodiment carries out humidification by other damping device 31 to oxidant gas, the steam producing at steam generating apparatus 70 is sprayed to fuel gas simultaneously, with respect to this, the second embodiment does not carry out humidification to fuel gas, but by the water-vapour spray producing at steam generating apparatus 70 to oxidant gas, thus oxidant gas is carried out to humidification.
For this reason, nozzle 71 is located at the oxidant gas inlet side of fuel cell pack 10., nozzle 71 is located between oxidant gas feedway 30 and fuel cell pack 10, to oxidant gas injection water steam.
Fuel gas comprises a part of steam in the fuel treatment process of fuel treating equipment 20.In addition, in the time that fuel cell pack 10 moves, the humidification amount institute left and right of oxidized dose of gas of the impact of the variation on humidification.
The second embodiment has removed the damping device 31 of oxidant gas feedway 30 1 sides of the first embodiment, accepts pure water supply with from proportional control valve 62, uses the steam being generated by steam generating apparatus 70 to carry out humidification to oxidant gas.
Therefore, the second embodiment, compared with the first embodiment, has removed damping device 31, thereby has simplified the overall structure of fuel cell system 200, by oxidant gas being carried out to the adjusting of the humidification amount of humidification, can carry out stable operation.
As above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative, but the present invention is not limited to this, can be deformed into variety of way and implement, and this distortion is also within the scope of the present invention certainly in the scope of claim and specification and accompanying drawing.
Claims (14)
1. a fuel cell system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Fuel treating equipment, supplies with hydrogen-containing fuel gas;
Oxidant gas feedway, supplies with oxygen containing oxidant gas;
Fuel cell pack, uses above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas to cause electrochemical reaction;
Cooling device, carries out cooling to the heat producing at above-mentioned fuel cell pack;
Heat reclamation device, the cooling water of the high temperature of discharging after above-mentioned fuel cell pack circulation from being supplied to above-mentioned cooling device reclaims used heat;
Steam generating apparatus, supplies with the direct-furnish water with self pressure, utilizes the used heat of above-mentioned fuel treating equipment to generate steam, supplies with above-mentioned steam at least one being supplied in above-mentioned fuel gas and the above-mentioned oxidant gas of above-mentioned fuel cell pack;
Direct-furnish water pressure reducer, regulates the pressure of above-mentioned direct-furnish water to regulate the flow of be supplied to above-mentioned direct-furnish water; And
Proportional control valve, is located between above-mentioned direct-furnish water pressure reducer and above-mentioned steam generating apparatus, regulates the amount of at least one in above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas being carried out to the required steam of humidification.
2. fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Also comprise pure water generating device, this pure water generating device is located between above-mentioned direct-furnish water pressure reducer and aforementioned proportion control valve, the above-mentioned direct-furnish water that is supplied to of conversion and generate pure water.
3. fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned steam generating apparatus is located in above-mentioned fuel treating equipment,
Above-mentioned fuel cell system also comprises nozzle, and this nozzle is located at the fuel gas inlet side of above-mentioned fuel cell pack, sprays above-mentioned steam to the above-mentioned fuel gas that is supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
4. fuel cell system according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Also comprise damping device, this damping device is located between the oxidant gas entrance of above-mentioned oxidant gas feedway and above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
5. fuel cell system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Voltage detection department, according to the voltage producing at above-mentioned fuel cell pack through measurement of time; And
Control device, controls the cooling water temperature that flows into above-mentioned fuel cell pack according to the voltage detecting at above-mentioned voltage detection department.
6. fuel cell system according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Also comprise electric power converter, this electric power converter is measured generation power by being converted to alternating current at the direct current of above-mentioned control device and the generation of above-mentioned fuel cell pack.
7. fuel cell system according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Also comprise:
Cooling water inlet temperature transducer, for measuring the cooling water inlet temperature of above-mentioned fuel cell pack;
Fuel gas inlet temperature sensor, for measuring the fuel gas inlet temperature of above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And
Oxidant gas inlet temperature sensor, for measuring the oxidant gas inlet temperature of above-mentioned fuel cell pack,
Aforementioned proportion control valve is controlled the amount of the required steam of above-mentioned humidification according to the detection signal of above-mentioned cooling water inlet temperature transducer, above-mentioned fuel gas inlet temperature sensor and above-mentioned oxidant gas inlet temperature sensor.
8. fuel cell system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned steam generating apparatus is located in above-mentioned fuel treating equipment,
Above-mentioned fuel cell system also comprises nozzle, and this nozzle is located at the oxidant gas inlet side of above-mentioned fuel cell pack, and the above-mentioned oxidant gas that is supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack is sprayed to above-mentioned steam.
9. a control method for fuel cell system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Generation power measuring process, measures the generation power producing at fuel cell pack;
Fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step, according to the generation power of measuring at above-mentioned generation power measuring process, the cooling water of above-mentioned fuel cell pack is maintained to set point; And
Humidification maintains step, after above-mentioned fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step, the cooling water, fuel gas and the oxidant gas that are supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack are measured respectively to inlet temperature, if measured each measurement temperature value is more than set point, stop or reducing the humidification of above-mentioned fuel cell pack, be less than measurement temperature value if measure temperature value, open proportional control valve is carried out and is maintained at least one humidification in above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas.
10. the control method of fuel cell system according to claim 9, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned generation power measuring process comprises generation power determining step, judge that at this generation power determining step measured above-mentioned generation power is whether within setting range, and repeatedly carry out generation power measurement until within measured above-mentioned generation power belongs to setting range.
The control method of 11. fuel cell systems according to claim 9, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned fuel cell pack internal temperature maintains step and comprises:
Cooling water temperature measuring process, measures cooling water temperature in the cooling water inlet that is supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And
Cooling water temperature determining step, judge whether above-mentioned cooling water temperature belongs in range of set value, when regulating the flow of the heat-exchange pump that is connected with heat exchanger, repeatedly carry out above-mentioned cooling water temperature measurement, until above-mentioned cooling water temperature belongs in range of set value.
The control method of 12. fuel cell systems according to claim 9, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step and also comprises:
Variation in voltage amplitude measurement step, measures the amplitude of fluctuation of the voltage producing at above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And
Variation in voltage amplitude determining step, judges whether the variation in voltage amplitude of measuring in above-mentioned variation in voltage amplitude measurement step belongs in range of set value, and closes aforementioned proportion control valve and stop humidification, until variation in voltage amplitude belongs in range of set value.
The control method of 13. fuel cell systems according to claim 12, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step and comprises:
Gas temperature measuring step, in the situation that above-mentioned variation in voltage amplitude belongs in range of set value, measures respectively the fuel gas of each entrance and the temperature of oxidant gas that are supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack;
Gas temperature determining step, judges whether the measured temperature of above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas is less than set point;
Open step, if said temperature measured value is less than above-mentioned set point, the open aforementioned proportion control valve for humidification; And
Close and reduce step, if said temperature measured value is more than above-mentioned set point,, in order to stop and reducing humidification, closing aforementioned proportion control valve, or reducing the flow of aforementioned proportion control valve.
The control method of 14. fuel cell systems according to claim 13, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned humidification maintains step and comprises:
Gas temperature is measuring process again, above-mentioned close and reduce step after, in setting-up time, remeasure the temperature of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas that are supplied to above-mentioned fuel cell pack; And
Measure temperature range determining step, whether the temperature that judges above-mentioned fuel gas and above-mentioned oxidant gas again measured value belongs in range of set value again,
Measured value belongs in range of set value again in the situation that, re-execute variation in voltage amplitude measurement step at said temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR10-2009-0010292 | 2009-02-09 | ||
| KR1020090010292A KR100999589B1 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2009-02-09 | Fuel Cell System and Method Controlling Humidification Thereof |
| PCT/KR2010/000325 WO2010090404A2 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2010-01-18 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
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| CN102308422B true CN102308422B (en) | 2014-06-04 |
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| KR (1) | KR100999589B1 (en) |
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| KR101315764B1 (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2013-10-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for detecting fail of hydrogen supply system for fuel cell |
| KR101592657B1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-02-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Valve for controlling coolant fuel cell stack coolant of fuel cell vehicle |
| JP6332120B2 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2018-05-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
| CN105070928B (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-10-20 | 广东合即得能源科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell oxygen system and method for supplying oxygen |
| CN109256576A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-22 | 浙江润涞科技服务有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type hydrogen fuel cell system |
| JP7102358B2 (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2022-07-19 | 株式会社東芝 | Fuel cell system and fuel cell system control method |
| CN110600770B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-02-19 | 广东国鸿氢能科技有限公司 | Fuel cell humidifier test system |
| CN115050997B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-15 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | Self-humidifying device of fuel cell system and control method thereof |
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| WO2010090404A3 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| WO2010090404A2 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
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