CN102306848A

CN102306848A - Formula for electrolyte solution of high-energy battery

Info

Publication number: CN102306848A
Application number: CN201110245772A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄小鸿
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-08-24
Filing date: 2011-08-24
Publication date: 2012-01-04

Abstract

The invention discloses the field of high-energy battery electrolyte solution attached batteries, and provides a formula for electrolyte solution of a high-energy battery, which is particularly suitable for batteries of electric automobiles and aims to find a new method of generating high-energy electric power by using a battery. In the formula, a battery principle is utilized, and the formula for the electrolyte solution of the high-energy battery is used for replacing the original electrolyte formula. The electrolyte solution comprises the following formula components of potassium hydroxide saturated solution or potassium hydroxide saturated solution, lithium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium permanganate saturated solution and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. The using method of the electrolyte solution is the same as the conventional battery method. The electrolyte solution has a wide application range and low manufacturing cost, is environment-friendly, is safely used and can improve the energy density and the power density of the battery and prolongs the generating time and the service life of the battery.

Description

A kind of prescription of high-energy battery electrolyte

Technical field

A kind of prescription of high-energy battery electrolyte belongs to field of batteries, and battery is the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that chemical energy is directly become electric energy, and the prescription of the battery electrolyte that the present invention proposes is applicable to the electrolyte of batteries of electric automobile especially.

Background technology

The utilization of traditional energy has two big disadvantages: the one, and be stored in and could be become mechanical or electrical energy after chemical energy in the fuel must at first change heat energy into, the efficient that it obtained has only 33%-35%, and energy over half wastes; The 2nd, the mode of utilizing of traditional energy has caused huge pollution to environment.

In recent years; Do not stint for the research and development of encouraging the new forms of energy car and employ government's substantial contribution support in various countries, the whole world; Even the research and development energy car newly of all working in coordination between several big countries; So the new forms of energy car here just needn't carefully be said; And the place that present new forms of energy car is seized by the throat most; What just be with the energy that is used as power; The problem of power source just; Except petroleum fuel; Everybody is looking for new energy source of car; Because the bioenergy and the mankind strive grain; Do after a while bioenergy calmness go down; Finally everybody sight all concentrates on the battery power, now basically more than 95% all the research with cell electric vehicle be main, and the high-power drive pond just becomes the research object that various countries competitively drop into.

Battery divides and can be divided into big type: dry cell (being disposable battery). and secondary cell (also being rechargeable battery) is fuel cell (promptly adding the battery that fuel just can continue to generate electricity) 3..Electric motor car at present all concentrates on this field of secondary cell basically, and mainly concentrates on following four big types of electrokinetic cells:

1, ickel-cadmium cell: ickel-cadmium cell German is during the Second World War at first invented; Has relative low price; Cross and put, consistency of battery pack is good by overcharging resisting for long service life (2000 times more than the cycle life); The use safety non-pollution; Be convenient to advantages such as maintenance, its weak point is that energy is higher than not, and the negative pole cadmium pollutes human body and environment in process of production; Based on these two hard defects, this battery does not receive greatly to pay attention to;

2, Ni-MH battery: Ni-MH battery is developed to solving the harm of cadmium nickel negative pole; Energy increased than also when it had inherited the ickel-cadmium cell advantage; Can be described as reasonable a kind of battery; Weak point is voltage or 1.2V; Comparing with ickel-cadmium cell is having gap aspect performance and battery pack life-span (more than 1000 times) slightly; Large-sized power battery applications instance is seldom only used more than the minitype motivation power supply at model plane electric tool etc.

3, to have a volume little for lithium iron battery, in light weight with high-energy than leading advantage with high electromotive force, not enough place is that the battery consistency difference causes the life-span to lack, on the high side, security performance does not have guarantee.

But lithium battery causes its commercial application of having no way as its several big shortcomings of power source, and at first being rechargeable battery all has its limit property as automobile-used; A trickle charge 6-8 hour; Filled soon 30 minutes, each occupation of land of filling the station soon then all will have the place as a large parking lot, and this is unpractical.And fill soon and can shorten battery life greatly.The second, filling once at present, the electric weight of electricity does not satisfy needs.All concept cars are all between 30-60 degree electricity at present; Flying power is no more than 200 kilometers; And through after repeatedly charging; Flying power can descend greatly after battery capacity descended; Do not satisfy long-distance needs, the 3rd, fail safe is low; Can both hurt sb.'s feelings as long as think about it the battery of mobile phone blast, just well imagine for the result behind the battery explosion of a hundreds of kilogram.The 4th, manufacturing cost is high, because lithium is a rare metal, this resource can be more rare after the large-scale application, and cost only can be more and more higher, and membrane technique wherein has only America and Japan to grasp now, causes the barrier film cost also very high.

4, nickel-zinc cell also has been developed more than hundred year; Its advantage is high (1.6V) energy density of electromotive force high (more than the 120W/ liter); Low cost of manufacture; Advantage such as pollution-free; Why it does not obtain large batch of application; Be that the brilliant problem of zinc skill can not get solving for a long time; Cause useful life short (more than 300 time); Consistency of battery pack is poor simultaneously; Before the brilliant problem of zinc skill does not thoroughly solve; Suitable the application, though domestic in recent years have some researchers of the enterprise and the U.S. to cooperate, that is that all right is ripe for technology.

For many years, people search out with battery technology develop energy new method.Battery is the device that a kind of chemical energy that will be stored in fuel and oxidant directly becomes electric energy, and when continuously to fuel cell fuel supplying and oxidant, it can uninterruptable power generation.As: publication number is: " fuel-cell device " of CN89000A, it is through to the fuel supply fuel gas, the fuel cell to the oxidizing agent pole air supply generates electricity could use and air will pass through the purification of a series of equipment.Again, publication number is: " polymer electrolyte fuel cells " of CN1388998A, and it has high molecule dielectric film and anode and negative electrode, and also anode provides fuel gas, to negative electrode air is provided, and equipment wherein is also many and big.

According to electrolytical difference, battery be divided into alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid type fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) etc.The theoretical energy conversion rate of fuel cell is more than 95%, and regardless of different kinds of the device, its actual power rate can reach 40%-60%.Device is modular construction, and capacity can be little of only being the mobile phone power supply, big to comparing with present power large-scale electric generating station.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is a kind of novel, battery that long-range future is arranged, can extensively use as traffic power and Miniature Power Unit device.And it is formed by electrode, oxidizing electrode with as electrolytical proton exchange membrane, and proton exchange membrane is the film of proton conductive polymer system, and still, the process technology of proton exchange membrane requires high, is difficult for making, and cost is high; The device of the fuel of supplying electrode and the oxygen of oxidizing electrode is complicated; So, now high-tech, the high request of fuel cell, the expensive fuel cell that makes can not extensive use.Now, each state all is four generation mode--the fuel cell of 21 century behind thermoelectricity, water power, nuclear power being devoted to study in advance.

The common component of battery electrolyte is potassium hydroxide and NaOH now. ?

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to seek the high energy electrolyte that battery produces electric power, its usefulness is high, cost is low, raw material are easy to get.

The present invention is a principle of using battery, adopts the high energy electrolyte prescription to replace original electrolyte prescription.

A kind of prescription of high-energy battery electrolyte, its recipe ingredient is made up of potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution, lithium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium permanganate saturated solution.

The weight proportion of each component is:

Potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution 4 ~ 90%;

Potassium permanganate saturated solution 4 ~ 90 %;

Lithium hydroxide saturated solution 4 ~ 40%.

In addition, in above-mentioned prescription, if add neopelex, then the cell power generation ability is better.

Its method for using is,

1, at first potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution, lithium hydroxide saturated solution and potassium permanganate saturated solution are mixed by proportioning, add or do not add the neopelex in the proportioning then;

2, the electrolyte of getting ready is added battery case;

3, press actual needs and replenish electrolyte.

Add after the lithium hydroxide, the cell power generation ability improves more than 20%

The present invention is of many uses, low cost of manufacture, and environmental protection, safe in utilization, energy density, power density, generating dutation and the life-span that can improve battery.

Embodiment

Lift embodiment at present the present invention program is described.

The weight proportion of example one, component is:

Potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution: 70%;

Lithium hydroxide saturated solution: 10%;

Potassium permanganate saturated solution: 20%;

Prepare electrolyte by this prescription, operate by the method for using requirement.

Through actual experiment, obtain: more than the unloaded electric 2V, maximum energy-density 200w/L, average power density 150w/L.

The weight proportion of example two, component is:

Potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution: 19.5 %;

Potassium permanganate saturated solution: 40 %;

Lithium hydroxide saturated solution: 40 %;

Neopelex: 0.5%;

Through actual experiment, obtain: more than the floating voltage 2V, maximum energy-density 200w/L, average power density 150w/L.

Claims

1. the prescription of a high-energy battery electrolyte, its recipe ingredient is made up of potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution, lithium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium permanganate.

2. the prescription of a high-energy battery electrolyte, its recipe ingredient is made up of potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution, lithium hydroxide saturated solution, potassium permanganate and neopelex.

3. the prescription of a kind of high-energy battery electrolyte according to claim 1, the proportioning of said component is:

Potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution 4 ~ 90%;

Potassium permanganate saturated solution 4 ~ 90%;

Lithium hydroxide saturated solution 4 ~ 40%.

4. according to the prescription of claim 1 or 3 described a kind of high-energy battery electrolyte, the proportioning of said component is:

Potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution: 70%;

The potassium permanganate saturated solution ... ..20%;

Lithium hydroxide saturated solution 10%.

5. according to the prescription of claim 2 or described a kind of high-energy battery electrolyte, the proportioning of said component is:

Potassium hydroxide saturated solution or NaOH saturated solution 19.5%;

The potassium permanganate saturated solution ... .. 40%;

Lithium hydroxide saturated solution 40%;

Neopelex ... 0.5%.