CN102306136B - Baud rate self-adaption method based on input capture function of singlechip - Google Patents
Baud rate self-adaption method based on input capture function of singlechip Download PDFInfo
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- CN102306136B CN102306136B CN201110221090.3A CN201110221090A CN102306136B CN 102306136 B CN102306136 B CN 102306136B CN 201110221090 A CN201110221090 A CN 201110221090A CN 102306136 B CN102306136 B CN 102306136B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Baud rate self-adaption method based on an input capture function of a singlechip. A falling edge of a GPIO (general purpose input/output) port of the singlechip is used for triggering an interrupt function and a timer count function to capture two falling edges generated by the received data; the time between the two falling edges is counted to solve the minimal code element width; and the Baud rate of a host is determined according to the solved minimal code element width. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that handshake time is quick, various environments are adapted, the self-adaption can be realized without sending specified data, and only one GPIO port hardware is occupied for realization. The application range is wide, operation is flexible, and the self-adaption can be realized under the condition of irregular waveforms of a serial port, thus the method can be widely applied to various embedded products which adopt a serial asynchronous communication mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to serial communication field, particularly a kind of baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function.
Background technology
RS485 communication is the same with serial communication, is that step-by-step (bit) sends and receives byte data.Although slower than the parallel communications by byte (byte), serial ports can receive data with another single line while use single line sends data.Do not have synchronous clock line between this, this just requires to send and must ensure that the speed communicated is identical with reception two sides, otherwise occurs error code.The most important parameter of serial communication is baud rate, data bit, position of rest and parity checking.For the port that two are carried out passing through, these parameters must be mated.And to realize baud rate self-adapting be exactly differentiate up baud rate, to adjust the communication baud rate of oneself, realize the coupling of traffic rate.
The mode that generally baud rate self-adapting adopts now is the standard baud rate method of exhaustion.This method requires that the baud rate of main frame must change between limited several fixed numbers, as the standard value between 300b/s ~ 9.6kb/s, and known and stable from the working oscillation frequency of machine.After starting signal procedure from machine, attempt the specific character sent with different baud rate Receiving Hosts one by one, until can correctly receive.Therefore, the utilization of the method has certain limitation, and the time of shaking hands is too slow.
Also having a kind of is the self-adaptation being completed baud rate by the timing width on timing RXD pin between a rising edge and a negative edge.This mode is higher to baud rate waveform requirements, and must be the UART waveform of standard, if the waveform irregularity of serial ports, then cannot complete self-adaptation, higher to the environmental requirement of hardware, applicability be not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide one time of shaking hands fast, applied widely, also can complete the adaptive baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function simultaneously when the waveform irregularity of serial ports.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme that solves the problem is: provide a kind of baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function as follows, it is characterized in that: by using negative edge triggered interrupts function and the timer count function of controller general GPIO mouth, catch two negative edges that received data produces, time between these two negative edges of timing obtains its minimum symbol width, and determines the baud rate of main frame according to the minimum symbol width obtained;
Concrete methods of realizing comprises the following steps:
Step 101: initialization is carried out to an input capture passage of a timer, the general GPIO negative edge input of simultaneously opening described input capture passage is interrupted, and forbids the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage;
Step 102: initialization is carried out to minimum symbol width and each quantity of state relevant to input capture, mark, the initial overall situation is caught result and is masked as and does not capture two negative edges, and trapped state machine such as is at first negative edge input to be captured;
Step 103: wait generation to be interrupted, interrupts if produce the input of GPIO negative edge, enters step 104, if produce the negative edge input capture interrupt of input capture passage, enter step 201;
Step 104: the GPIO negative edge input down trigger on described input capture passage;
Step 105: judge whether described input capture passage negative edge input capture interrupt completes two negative edges and catch, and if so, enters step 109, or not then does not enter step 106;
Step 106: judge whether the trapped state machine of described input capture passage has only captured first negative edge, if so, gets back to step 103, or not then does not enter step 107;
Step 107: because described input capture passage first negative edge does not also capture, judge whether the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage is opened, and if so, gets back to step 103, or not then does not enter step 108;
Step 108: open the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage and get back to step 103;
Step 109: judge that whether the minimum symbol width of catching is the minimum symbol width of relevant baud rate, if so, enter step 110, or not then do not get back to step 102;
Step 110: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching can determine the baud rate of received data, if so, enters step 111, or not then does not get back to step 102;
Step 111: adjustment process is carried out to self baud rate;
Step 112: complete a self-adaptive processing, and forbid the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage, general GPIO negative edge input is interrupted continuing open and get back to step 102, waits for that the start bit negative edge of UART communication next time triggers the input of GPIO negative edge and interrupts
Step 201: the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage triggers;
Step 202: judge that whether trapped state machine is first negative edge input to be captured such as, if so, enter step 203, or not then do not enter step 204;
Step 203: the first time count value T1 reading described timer, and preserve count value, initially the trapped state machine of oneself is etc. that second negative edge input to be captured is interrupted and enters step 210;
Step 204: the second time count value T2 reading described timer, and judge whether the counting of described timer overflows, and if so, enters step 205, or not then does not enter step 206;
Step 205: count value T1, T2 are reset and enters step 209;
Step 206: the value calculating (T2-T1)/2, the minimum symbol width of namely catching, and judge whether the minimum symbol width of current gained is less than the minimum symbol width of gained last time, if so, enters step 207, or not then does not enter step 209;
Step 207: upgrade the minimum symbol width value of preserving;
Step 208: the mark overall situation is caught result and is masked as to complete and catches two negative edges;
Step 209: initially the trapped state machine of oneself is etc. that first negative edge input to be captured is interrupted;
Step 210: exit the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage and get back to step 102.
Before entering described step 101, described input capture passage pin need be connected with the RXD pin of UART and require that this GPIO mouthpiece has negative edge to input interrupt function.
Before entering described step 101, the count value of different baud rate minimum symbol width under the timing beat that described input capture passage is corresponding need be defined.
When judging minimum symbol width, catch " two negative edges ".Start first negative edge when communicating at each UART, the namely negative edge of start bit, always open the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the time of shaking hands is fast, can adapting to various environment, can complete self-adaptation without the need to sending specific data, and only need to take a GPIO mouth more above hardware and just can realize.Due to applied widely, flexible operation, simultaneously also can complete self-adaptation when the waveform irregularity of serial ports, thus can be widely used in and variously to exist in the embedded product of serial asynchronous communication mode.
Embodiment
For ease of control method of the present invention is described, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the baud rate adaptation method that the present invention is based on single-chip microcomputer level input capture function is elaborated:
A kind of baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer level input capture function, interrupt and timer count function by using the negative edge of single-chip microcomputer GPIO mouth, catch two negative edges that received data produces, time between these two negative edges of timing obtains its minimum symbol width, and determines the baud rate of main frame according to the minimum symbol width obtained;
In the present embodiment, single-chip microcomputer adopts stm8s103F3, and input capture passage is PD3, namely the input capture passage 2 of time2, and this pin can support that the negative edge input of the negative edge input capture interrupt of timer and common GPIO mouth is interrupted simultaneously.In the present embodiment the counting beat of initialized time2 be 0.0625us, namely often cross 0.0625us, time2 count value adds 1, due to 1/9600=104.2us, namely the minimum code width of 9600BPs is 104.2us, and the count value being converted into time2 is: 104.2us/0.0625us=1667=0x683, in like manner can draw the count value of other baud rate: the corresponding 0xD05 of 4800BPs, the corresponding 0x682A of 2400BPS corresponding 0x1A0A, 1200BPS corresponding 0x3415,600BPS;
The pin of PD3 is connected with the RXD pin of UART, then carries out following steps:
Step 101: initialization is carried out to time2 passage 2, the negative edge input of simultaneously opening PD3 is interrupted, and forbids the negative edge input capture interrupt of time2 passage 2;
Step 102: initialization is carried out to minimum symbol width and each quantity of state relevant to input capture, mark, the initial overall situation is caught result and is masked as and does not capture two negative edges, and trapped state machine such as is at first negative edge input to be captured;
Step 103: wait generation to be interrupted; If the GPIO negative edge input down trigger of PD3, enters step 104; If produce time2 passage 2 negative edge input capture interrupt, enter step 201;
Step 104:PD3 negative edge input down trigger;
Step 105: judge whether timer input capture interrupt completes two negative edges and catch, and if so, enters step 109, or not then does not enter step 106;
Step 106: judge whether trapped state machine has only captured first negative edge, if so, gets back to step 103, or not then does not enter step 107;
Step 107: because first negative edge does not also capture, judges whether time2 passage 2 input capture interrupt is opened, and if so, gets back to step 103, or not then does not enter step 108;
Step 108: open time2 passage 2 input capture interrupt and get back to step 103;
Step 109: judge that whether the minimum symbol width of catching is the minimum symbol width of relevant baud rate, if so, enter step 110, or not then do not get back to step 102;
Step 110: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching can determine the baud rate of received data, if so, enters step 111, or not then does not get back to step 102;
Step 111: adjustment process is carried out to self baud rate; Step 112;
Step 112: complete a self-adaptive processing, and forbid time2 passage 2 input capture interrupt.The GPIO negative edge input of PD3 is interrupted continuing to open, and step 102, waits for the negative edge triggered interrupts of UART initiation of communication position next time.
Step 201:time2 passage 2 negative edge input capture interrupt triggers;
Step 202: judge whether first negative edge to be captured such as, if so, enter step 203, or not then do not enter step 204;
Step 203: the first time count value T1 reading described timer, and preserve count value, initially the trapped state machine of oneself is wait second decline input capture interrupt; Step 210;
Step 204: the second time count value T2 reading described timer time2, and judge whether the counting of described timer time2 overflows, and if so, enters step 205, or not then does not enter step 206;
Step 205: count value T1, T2 are reset and enters step 209;
Step 206: the value calculating (T2-T1)/2, the minimum symbol width of namely catching, judges whether the minimum symbol width of current gained is less than the minimum symbol width of gained last time, if so, enters step 207, or not then does not enter step 209;
Step 207: upgrade the minimum symbol width value of preserving;
Step 208: the mark overall situation is caught result and is masked as to complete and catches two negative edges;
Step 209: initial time2 passage 2 trapped state machine is wait first negative edge input capture interrupt;
Step 210: exit the negative edge input capture interrupt process of described time2 passage 2 and get back to step 102;
Have employed comparatively conventional asynchronous serial communication data layout in the present embodiment, i.e. 1 start bit, 8 data bit, even parity check, 1 position of rest, during transmission, low data is front, high-order rear.The value of at this moment catching obtained counter is the width of optimal two bit, is exactly a minimum symbol width of a corresponding baud rate divided by 2.Although be also likely the width of three or four even more bit, retain minimum one all the time, namely no matter when, all can obtain the width of a bit of corresponding baud rate.Why not the clocking value between Direct Acquisition negative edge and a rising edge is that the width of each bit is not equal because the waveform of serial ports is not sometimes desirable so specification.The width of catching two bit adopted in the present embodiment is close to desirable value divided by the width of 2 bit obtained again, just can judge that up baud rate is specifically how many, adjust the baud rate of self with this according to this value.
Simultaneously the present invention does not need transmitter must send fixing data message, continues, just successfully can catch the width of a bit as long as the data accepted convert the position that scale-of-two exists 101B such to.
The passage 2 of the time2 of the stm8s103F3 chip that the present embodiment is used just in time supports level capturing function, but it should be noted that, it is not to use the level input capture function of timer that this baud rate fits existing mechanism, if the timer of the single-chip microcomputer of existing platform does not prop up skill level input capture function, completely can interrupt by the negative edge of GPIO mouth, its realization mechanism is the same.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure of the baud rate adaptation method that the present invention is based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function;
Fig. 2 is the processing flow chart of timer 2 passage 2 negative edge input capture interrupt in the baud rate adaptation method that the present invention is based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function.
Claims (4)
1. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function, it is characterized in that: by using negative edge triggered interrupts function and the timer count function of controller general GPIO mouth, catch two negative edges that received data produces, time between these two negative edges of timing obtains its minimum symbol width, and determines the baud rate of main frame according to the minimum symbol width obtained;
Concrete methods of realizing comprises the following steps:
Step 101: initialization is carried out to an input capture passage of a timer, the general GPIO negative edge input of simultaneously opening described input capture passage is interrupted, and forbids the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage;
Step 102: initialization is carried out to minimum symbol width and each quantity of state relevant to input capture, mark, the initial overall situation is caught result and is masked as and does not capture two negative edges, and trapped state machine such as is at first negative edge input to be captured;
Step 103: wait generation to be interrupted, interrupts if produce the input of GPIO negative edge, enters step 104, if produce the negative edge input capture interrupt of input capture passage, enter step 201;
Step 104: the GPIO negative edge input down trigger on described input capture passage;
Step 105: judge whether described input capture passage negative edge input capture interrupt completes two negative edges and catch, and if so, enters step 109, or not then does not enter step 106;
Step 106: judge whether the trapped state machine of described input capture passage has only captured first negative edge, if so, gets back to step 103, or not then does not enter step 107;
Step 107: because described input capture passage first negative edge does not also capture, judge whether the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage is opened, and if so, gets back to step 103, or not then does not enter step 108;
Step 108: open the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage and get back to step 103;
Step 109: judge that whether the minimum symbol width of catching is the minimum symbol width of relevant baud rate, if so, enter step 110, or not then do not get back to step 102;
Step 110: judge whether the minimum symbol width of catching can determine the baud rate of received data, if so, enters step 111, or not then does not get back to step 102;
Step 111: adjustment process is carried out to self baud rate;
Step 112: complete a self-adaptive processing, and forbid the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage, general GPIO negative edge input is interrupted continuing open and get back to step 102, waits for that the start bit negative edge of UART communication next time triggers the input of GPIO negative edge and interrupts
Step 201: the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage triggers;
Step 202: judge that whether trapped state machine is first negative edge input to be captured such as, if so, enter step 203, or not then do not enter step 204;
Step 203: the first time count value T1 reading described timer, and preserve count value, initially the trapped state machine of oneself is etc. that second negative edge input to be captured is interrupted and enters step 210;
Step 204: the second time count value T2 reading described timer, and judge whether the counting of described timer overflows, and if so, enters step 205, or not then does not enter step 206;
Step 205: count value T1, T2 are reset and enters step 209;
Step 206: the value calculating (T2-T1)/2, the minimum symbol width of namely catching, and judge whether the minimum symbol width of current gained is less than the minimum symbol width of gained last time, if so, enters step 207, or not then does not enter step 209;
Step 207: upgrade the minimum symbol width value of preserving;
Step 208: the mark overall situation is caught result and is masked as to complete and catches two negative edges;
Step 209: initially the trapped state machine of oneself is etc. that first negative edge input to be captured is interrupted;
Step 210: exit the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage and get back to step 102.
2. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: before entering described step 101, described input capture passage pin need be connected with the RXD pin of UART and require that this GPIO mouthpiece has negative edge to input interrupt function.
3. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: before entering described step 101, the count value of different baud rate minimum symbol width under the timing beat that described input capture passage is corresponding need be defined.
4. the baud rate adaptation method based on single-chip microcomputer input capture function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when judging minimum symbol width, catch " two negative edges ", first negative edge when communicating is started at each UART, the namely negative edge of start bit, always opens the negative edge input capture interrupt of described input capture passage.
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| CN103001734B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-05-06 | 海军工程大学 | Method for automatically detecting asynchronous serial port communication protocol on basis of level sampling |
| CN103559164A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 深圳市科曼医疗设备有限公司 | Method and device for identifying serial port baud rate |
| CN104199799A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 天津市亚安科技股份有限公司 | Baud rate self-adaptation method and device based on CPLD |
| CN104216854B (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2017-09-15 | 南京磐能电力科技股份有限公司 | The path Autonomous adaptation device and method that a kind of UART serial ports is expanded |
| CN104360974A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-18 | 上海伽利略导航有限公司 | Method and device for automatically adjusting Baud rate of universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) |
| CN105512068A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-20 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | UART simulation method achieving baud-rate self-adoption |
| CN108845897A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-20 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Serial communication adjustment method, device and storage medium |
| CN111211869B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2022-08-23 | 深圳震有科技股份有限公司 | Method for automatically adapting baud rate, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
| CN112422363A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Automatic detection device and method for asynchronous serial port communication baud rate |
| CN112821985B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-11-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method and control device of encoder, servo motor and encoder |
| CN112559412B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-08 | 上海灵动微电子股份有限公司 | Serial port baud rate self-adaptive receiving end, realization method and system |
| CN113037592A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳国人无线通信有限公司 | Environment detection equipment, moving-loop monitoring system and method for automatically detecting communication baud rate of moving-loop monitoring equipment |
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Address after: 315191 Yinzhou Industrial Park, Zhejiang, Ningbo, Yinzhou District, Ningbo Patentee after: NINGBO SANXING MEDICAL ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Address before: 315191 Zhejiang city of Ningbo province Jiangshan town Yinzhou District Mingguang Road No. 1166 Patentee before: Ningbo Sanxing Electric Co., Ltd. |