CN102305766A - System and method for quantificationally detecting combustion completeness of candle - Google Patents
System and method for quantificationally detecting combustion completeness of candle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102305766A CN102305766A CN201110131517A CN201110131517A CN102305766A CN 102305766 A CN102305766 A CN 102305766A CN 201110131517 A CN201110131517 A CN 201110131517A CN 201110131517 A CN201110131517 A CN 201110131517A CN 102305766 A CN102305766 A CN 102305766A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000178289 Verbascum thapsus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for quantificationally detecting the combustion completeness of a candle. The system for quantificationally detecting the combustion completeness of the candle comprises a combustion chamber and a detection system. The system and the method for quantificationally detecting the combustion completeness of the candle are based on a principle that the incomplete degree of the combustion and the amount of carbon black generated in the combustion process are consistent; and a silk screen combustion device is adopted to collect the carbon black generated in the specified time, then the glass transmittance of the collected carbon black is detected on a photoelectric detector, and the carbon black index is given through the calculation and is transformed into a combustion completeness value of the candle. The system and the device help to ensure that the stability of safety quality of candles and improve the safety of candle use of consumers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technology of detection by quantitative carbon black, be specifically related to a kind of detection by quantitative system and method for candle combustion completeness.
Background technology
Candle is as a kind of petty commodities, daily necessities, and the domestic production of domestic candle and import and export amount are very big, and the annual value of goods that only exports European Union is just more than 500,000,000.In the bimillennium of using candle, the mankind are devoted to improve quality and safety in utilization all the time.At present except the outward appearance to candle detects, fusing point detects, only rest on the qualitative detection to the detection of the perfect combustion degree of candle, never have the perfect combustion degree that a kind of detection by quantitative instrument detects candle.And the detection of the perfect combustion degree through candle can be known the chemical property of candle up hill and dale, and this is determining the stability of candle quality.
Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of detection by quantitative system of candle combustion completeness.
Summary of the invention
The detection by quantitative system and method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of candle combustion completeness, the perfect combustion degree that it can the detection by quantitative candle.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of detection by quantitative system of candle combustion completeness, and it comprises draws together firing chamber and detection system; It is characterized in that the firing chamber comprises supporting baseplate 1, cylinder silk screen 2, first glass plate 3, first adjusting knob 4, second adjusting knob 5, horizontal support bar 6 and second glass plate 7; Wherein supporting baseplate is placed on level, the fire retardancy test platform, for burning provides stable bottom support; Horizontal support bar 6 and supporting baseplate 1 are tightened together, make horizontal support bar 6 firm, vertical being connected arranged with supporting baseplate 1; Cylinder silk screen 2 is made of metal and is netted, when a relative closure environment is provided for candle combustion, guarantees to have the air normal flow logical; Second glass plate 3 is high temperature resistant, can guarantee that combustion residue drops, and does not damage.First adjusting knob 4 can be fixed first glass plate 3, guarantees the stability of first glass plate 3, makes supporting baseplate 1 apart from base for candle 50mm (millimeter) distance at least; Second adjusting knob 5 can be fixed second glass plate 7, guarantees that second glass plate 7 is stable, and can in the horizontal support bar allowed band, according to the length of candle and the height of flame, suitably regulate the vertical position of second glass plate 7.
Preferably, supporting baseplate is the stainless steel metal plate of a size 400mm * 400mm.
Preferably, second glass plate 3 is circular glass of a 150mm * 80mm.
Preferably, the firing chamber internal diameter is applicable to the candle of the above or identical cross-section of single core diameter 100mm of Indoor Combustion.
Preferably, detection system comprises computing machine 21, photometer 22 and photodetector 23; Computing machine 21 connects photometer 22; Photometer 22 connects photodetector 23 tops, and photodetector 23 detected results can be imported in the computing machine 21.
More preferably, photodetector 23 comprises that the detection that can satisfy the glass plate illuminance forms with stainless steel cage, grating 24 and standard sources 26 and glass plate to be detected 25 jointly.
More preferably, grating 24 is complementary with photometer, carries out the glass plate luminance detection; Glass plate 25 to be detected is second glass plate 7 behind the collection carbon black among Fig. 1.
More preferably, standard sources 26 can be any incandescent light source;
Additionally, standard sources 26 is for being calibrated to the incandescent light source of 500Lux through photometer.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of quantitative detecting method of candle combustion completeness, comprises following step:
(1), after weighing and measuring diameter dimension,, selects the burner of two kinds of silk screen drum diameters according to table 1 to candle to be measured;
(2) according to the height of candle to be measured; Carry out respectively suitably regulating first adjusting knob 4, second adjusting knob 5 of uploading glass plate (first glass plate and second glass plate) height; Guarantee that the cylinder bottom is apart from base for candle 50mm distance at least; The top of candle (not containing candle wick) is apart between the glass plate 180mm to 240mm of top; Guaranteeing that candle has sufficient combustion space, and can collect burning carbon black as much as possible;
(3) after candle was lighted, continuous burning was until self-gravitation, perhaps hand slaking candle after the burning (240 ± 5) minute;
(4) after extinguishing candle, take second glass plate 7 away, and cool off second glass plate 7;
(5) signals collecting:
To be had carbon black in second glass plate 7 of carbon black sooting and fallen the sooting of excess towards last placement; Through the specification that the adjustment criteria illumination intensity of light source is perhaps regulated grating 24, the measurement range that can regulate luminosity, and then the illumination E2 of second glass plate 7 of mensuration sooting, and record; With the fat-soluble detersive glass cleaning of standard plate, soak and dry up glass plate with the surgical cloth that does not contain paper; The glass plate of cleaning is placed on the light source top, and cover lid.Measure the illumination E1 of cleaning panes, and record;
(6) complete combustibility is calculated:
Define the complete combustibility of candle according to the illumination E2 that has obtained and illumination E1, as follows:
The illumination ratio that gets by the illumination ratio of the illumination E2/ cleaning panes E1 of sooting glass plate.
Bi＝(100×E
2/E
1)％
Wherein
Bi is the complete combustibility of candle;
E2 is the illumination of measuring with sooting glass, and unit is Lux (lux (an illumination unit));
E1 is the illumination of measuring with cleaning glass, and unit is Lux.：
The use of the inventive method and system helps to guarantee the stability of candle security quality and improves the security that the consumer uses candle; And advantage of the present invention is: realized the robotization of aspects such as test operation, data processing, test accuracy is high, speed is fast.The development of this experiment instrument will be satisfied the needs of work for inspection, and will be significant to the check of consumer goods safety, have high social and economic benefit.And, can with among the SN/T 2496-2010 in the standard in the commodity export check " outlet candle inspection procedure " to " not having visual cigarette " this organoleptic indicator, but rise to the quantized value of quantitatively characterizing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of firing chamber in the detection by quantitative system of candle combustion completeness of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of detection system in the detection by quantitative system of candle combustion completeness of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow diagram of quantitative detecting method of the candle combustion completeness of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is to use the burning synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 firing chamber;
Fig. 5 is to use the signals collecting of detection system among Fig. 2 and detects synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The example according to theory of the present invention that provides below is optimised process of the present invention, not it will be understood by those skilled in the art that will to limit the invention to following embodiment.
The inventor is through research and analyse in a large number; And based on following inventive principle; Realize candle perfect combustion degree detecting system: candle is as a kind of hydrocarbon; The amounts of carbon black that generates in the incomplete degree of its burning and the combustion process is consistent; That is to say; Amounts of carbon black is high more, shows that the complete combustibility of candle is low more.The present invention adopts the silk screen burner, collects the carbon black that produces at the appointed time, on photoelectric detector, detects the glass transmission of collecting carbon black then, provides the carbon black index through calculating, and is converted into candle perfect combustion degree value.
In the detection by quantitative system of candle combustion completeness of the present invention, mainly comprise firing chamber (specifically referring to Fig. 1) and detection system (specifically referring to Fig. 2).
As shown in Figure 1; The firing chamber comprises supporting baseplate 1, cylinder silk screen 2, first glass plate 3, first adjusting knob 4, second adjusting knob 5, horizontal support bar 6 and second glass plate 7; Wherein supporting baseplate is the stainless steel metal plate of a size 400mm * 400mm; Place on level, the fire retardancy test platform; For burning provides stable bottom support, make horizontal support bar 6 firm, vertical being connected arranged with supporting baseplate 1; Cylinder silk screen 2 is made of metal and is netted, when a relative closure environment is provided for candle combustion, guarantees to have the air normal flow logical.Glass plate 3 is circular glass of a 150mm * 80mm, has certain heat-resisting quantity, can guarantee that combustion residue drops, and does not damage.First adjusting knob 4 can be fixed first glass plate 3, guarantees the stability of first glass plate 3, makes supporting baseplate 1 apart from base for candle 50mm distance at least.Second adjusting knob 5 can be fixed second glass plate 7, guarantees that second glass plate 7 is stable, and can in the horizontal support bar allowed band, according to the length of candle and the height of flame, suitably regulate the vertical position of second glass plate 7.
As shown in Figure 2, detection system comprises as follows: computing machine 21, photometer 22 and photodetector 23; Concrete function is the data acquisition software of computing machine 21 through editor, and the result who accomplishes detection system calculates and output, possesses basic PC performance; Photometer 22 can satisfy the detection of measurement range 1-500Lux illumination, is connected to photodetector 3 tops, and the result can be imported in the computing machine 1; Photometer 22 uses the digital display photometer in the present invention.
The detection step of using candle perfect combustion degree detection by quantitative of the present invention system is (referring to Fig. 3) as follows:
One,, after weighing and measuring diameter dimension,, selects the burner of two kinds of silk screen drum diameters according to table 1 to candle to be measured.
The silk screen of table 1 burner is selected
| The candle type | Device |
| Dark brown light | Silk screen cylinder model 1 (diameter: (230 ± 10) mm) |
| Diameter is smaller or equal to 70mm | Silk screen cylinder model 1 (diameter: (230 ± 10) mm) |
| Diameter 70-100mm | Silk screen cylinder model 2 (diameter: (300 ± 10) mm) |
Two, the burning of candle
Horizontal support bar in the burner as shown in Figure 4 has can regulate first adjusting knob 4, second adjusting knob 5 of uploading glass plate (first glass plate and second glass plate) height respectively; Height according to candle to be measured; Suitably regulate; Guarantee that the cylinder bottom is apart from base for candle 50mm distance at least; The top of candle (not containing candle wick) is apart between the glass plate 180mm to 240mm of top; Guaranteeing that candle has sufficient combustion space, and can collect burning carbon black as much as possible.After candle was lighted, continuous burning was until self-gravitation, perhaps hand slaking candle behind burning (240 ± 5) min.After test is accomplished, take second glass plate 7 away, extinguish candle, cool off second glass plate 7 then.
Three, signals collecting
Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, be inconjunction with the fixed mount of standard sources 25, will be by the sooting of second glass plate 7 of carbon black sooting towards last placement, wherein 55 be depicted as the carbon black excess that falls among the figure.Through the specification that the adjustment criteria illumination intensity of light source is perhaps regulated grating 24, the measurement range that can regulate luminosity, and then the illumination (E2) of second glass plate 7 of mensuration sooting, and record result.With the fat-soluble detersive glass cleaning of standard plate, soak and dry up glass plate with the surgical cloth that does not contain paper.The glass plate of cleaning is placed on the light source top, and cover lid.Measure the illumination (E1) of cleaning panes, and the record result.
Four, complete combustibility is calculated
Define the complete combustibility of candle according to the E2 that has obtained and E1, as follows:
The illumination ratio that gets by the illumination ratio of illumination/cleaning panes (E1) of sooting glass plate (E2).
Bi＝(100×E
2/E
1)％...............................................(1)
Wherein
Bi is the complete combustibility of candle;
E2 is the illumination of measuring with sooting glass, and unit is Lux;
E1 is the illumination of measuring with cleaning glass, and unit is Lux.
The carbon black that detects in the inventive method and the system is a formed fine particle behind the candle rough burning, and its composition mainly is an elemental carbon, and contains small amount of oxygen, hydrogen and sulphur etc., general carbon black particle almost spherical, and particle diameter is between between 10～500 μ m.What of amounts of carbon black candle generate in combustion process, can directly characterize the perfect combustion degree of candle.
These method and system realize the detection by quantitative of candle combustion completeness, and numeral is gathered automatically, convenient, safety, reliable, and intelligent management will make system raise the efficiency greatly, save manpower.Simultaneously, can realize that the perfect combustion degree quantification of qualitative sign characterizes before.Through the use of this instrument, can satisfy the domestic needs that meet the consumer goods security performance detecting instrument of the current international practice.
The above; Only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (10)
1. the detection by quantitative system of a candle combustion completeness, it comprises draws together firing chamber and detection system; It is characterized in that the firing chamber comprises supporting baseplate (1), cylinder silk screen (2), first glass plate (3), first adjusting knob (4), second adjusting knob (5), horizontal support bar (6) and second glass plate (7); Wherein supporting baseplate is placed on the fire retardancy test platform of level, for burning provides stable bottom support; Horizontal support bar (6) tightens together with supporting baseplate (1), makes horizontal support bar (6) firm, a vertical connection arranged in supporting baseplate (1); Cylinder silk screen (2) is made of metal and is netted, places second glass plate (7) top, when a relative closure environment is provided for candle combustion, guarantees to have the air normal flow logical; Second glass plate (7) is high temperature resistant, can guarantee that combustion residue drops, and does not damage; First adjusting knob (4) can be fixed first glass plate (3), guarantees the stability of first glass plate (3), makes supporting baseplate (1) apart from base for candle 50mm (millimeter) distance at least; Second adjusting knob (5) is fixed second glass plate (7), guarantees that second glass plate (7) is stable and highly can adjust, and can in the horizontal support bar allowed band, according to the length of candle and the height of flame, suitably regulate the vertical position of second glass plate (7).
2. according to the detection by quantitative system of the described candle combustion completeness of claim 1, wherein supporting baseplate is the stainless steel metal plate of a size 400mm * 400mm.
3. according to the detection by quantitative system of the described candle combustion completeness of claim 1, wherein second glass plate (3) is the circular glass of a 150mm * 80mm.
4. according to the detection by quantitative system of the arbitrary described candle combustion completeness of claim 1-3, its firing chamber internal diameter is applicable to the candle of the above or identical cross-section of single core diameter 100mm of Indoor Combustion.
5. according to the detection by quantitative system of the arbitrary described candle combustion completeness of claim 1-4, its detection system comprises computing machine (21), photometer (22) and photodetector (23); Computing machine (21) connects photometer (22); Photometer (22) connects photodetector (23) top, and the detected result of photodetector (23) can be imported in the computing machine (21).
6. according to the detection by quantitative system of the described candle combustion completeness of claim 5, wherein photodetector 23 comprises stainless steel cage, grating (24) and standard sources (26) and the glass plate to be detected (25) of the detection usefulness that can satisfy the glass plate illuminance.
7. according to the detection by quantitative system of the described candle combustion completeness of claim 5, wherein grating (24) is complementary with photometer, carries out the glass plate luminance detection; Glass plate to be detected (25) is second glass plate (7) behind the collection carbon black.
8. according to the detection by quantitative system of the described candle combustion completeness of claim 5, wherein standard sources (25) can be any incandescent light source;
9. according to the detection by quantitative system of the described candle combustion completeness of claim 8, wherein standard sources (25) is for being calibrated to the incandescent light source of 500Lux through photometer.
10. method of using the detection by quantitative system of above-mentioned candle combustion completeness comprises following step:
(1) to candle to be measured, after weighing and measuring diameter dimension, put into burner, place on the cylinder silk screen (2);
(2) according to the height of candle to be measured; Carry out suitably regulating respectively first adjusting knob (4) and second adjusting knob (5) of uploading glass plate (i.e. first glass plate and second glass plate) height; Guarantee that cylinder silk screen bottom is apart from base for candle 50mm distance at least; The top of candle (not containing candle wick) is apart between the glass plate 180mm to 240mm of top; Guaranteeing that candle has sufficient combustion space, and can collect burning carbon black as much as possible;
(3) after candle was lighted, continuous burning was until self-gravitation, perhaps hand slaking candle after the burning (240 ± 5) minute;
(4) after extinguishing candle, take second glass plate (7) away, and cool off second glass plate (7);
(5) signals collecting:
To be had carbon black in second glass plate 7 of carbon black sooting and fallen the sooting of excess towards last placement; Through the specification that the adjustment criteria illumination intensity of light source is perhaps regulated grating (24), the measurement range that can regulate luminosity, and then the illumination E2 of second glass plate (7) of mensuration sooting, and record; With the fat-soluble detersive glass cleaning of standard plate, soak and dry up glass plate with the surgical cloth that does not contain paper; The glass plate of cleaning is placed on the light source top, and cover lid.Measure the illumination E1 of cleaning panes, and record;
(6) complete combustibility is calculated:
Define the complete combustibility of candle according to the illumination E2 that has obtained and illumination E1, as follows:
The illumination ratio that gets by the illumination ratio of the illumination E2/ cleaning panes E1 of sooting glass plate.
Bi＝(100×E
2/E
1)％
Wherein
Bi is the complete combustibility of candle;
E2 is the illumination of measuring with sooting glass, and unit is Lux;
E1 is the illumination of measuring with cleaning glass, and unit is Lux.
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| CN201110131517A CN102305766B (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | System and method for quantificationally detecting combustion completeness of candle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110131517A CN102305766B (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | System and method for quantificationally detecting combustion completeness of candle |
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|---|---|
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| CN102305766B CN102305766B (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107545810A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-05 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision for studying different liquid level depth pond fire combustion characteristics |
| CN108181305A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-19 | 青岛金王应用化学股份有限公司 | A kind of candle quality determining method and application |
| CN110116999A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 张家港宝诚电子有限公司 | A kind of apparatus and method using paraffin preparation high-purity carbon |
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| DE10208944A1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-26 | Schuemann Sasol Gmbh | Assembly to measure the soot produced by a burning candle has a glass plate, to hold soot deposits, to be measured by a light beam through it to a sensor through a focusing lens |
| US20040175287A1 (en) * | 2003-03-08 | 2004-09-09 | Tetsuo Nakatsu | Method for improving the delivery of volatiles from a burning candle and a system for the same |
| CN101122556A (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-02-13 | 合肥霍金光电科技有限公司 | Atmosphere particles- carbon black aerosol quality and concentration monitor and monitoring method |
| CN101949831A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-01-19 | 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院淮安分院 | Method for quickly testing solid incomplete combustion heat loss of boiler and cinder carbon content colorimetric card |
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2011
- 2011-05-20 CN CN201110131517A patent/CN102305766B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| DE10208944A1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-26 | Schuemann Sasol Gmbh | Assembly to measure the soot produced by a burning candle has a glass plate, to hold soot deposits, to be measured by a light beam through it to a sensor through a focusing lens |
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| Title |
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| EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION: "《BS EN 15426:2007》", 30 November 2007 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107545810A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-05 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision for studying different liquid level depth pond fire combustion characteristics |
| CN107545810B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-07-12 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision for studying different liquid level depth pond fire combustion characteristics |
| CN108181305A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-19 | 青岛金王应用化学股份有限公司 | A kind of candle quality determining method and application |
| CN110116999A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 张家港宝诚电子有限公司 | A kind of apparatus and method using paraffin preparation high-purity carbon |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102305766B (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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