CN102305484A - Solar collector tube with light trapping structure - Google Patents
Solar collector tube with light trapping structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102305484A CN102305484A CN201110305857A CN201110305857A CN102305484A CN 102305484 A CN102305484 A CN 102305484A CN 201110305857 A CN201110305857 A CN 201110305857A CN 201110305857 A CN201110305857 A CN 201110305857A CN 102305484 A CN102305484 A CN 102305484A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
The invention provides a solar collector tube with a light trapping structure, belonging to the field of solar utilization. The solar collector tube comprises an inner metal tube, an outer glass tube, seal bellows and the like, wherein a sunlight absorbing coating is arranged on the outer surface of the inner tube and is formed by a metal film light reflecting layer, a first dielectric layer, a light absorbing layer and a second dielectric layer from inside to outside in sequence; one of the two dielectric layers is formed by a film with a light trapping function, that is, the mean fluctuation of a film surface exceeds 30 nanometers; and the film with the light trapping function is made of alumina, aluminium nitride or aluminium oxynitride. Compared with the prior art, the solar collector tube has the advantages of simple structure, common materials, easily controlled process and low process cost and is suitable for large scale production.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention has the solar energy heat collection pipe of light trapping structure in being, belongs to technical field of solar utilization technique.
Background technology:
Solar energy heat utilization field, current development priority are middle high-temperature heat-gatherings, and operating temperature surpasses 400 ℃ thermal-collecting tube, can be used for the heat generating.
In the middle high-temperature heat-collection pipe, when operating temperature reached 400 ℃, the peak wavelength of radiation is about 4 microns, and was very near apart from the IR wavelength in the sunlight, and common selective coating is difficult to satisfy the demand, and it is higher than too to show as emission generally speaking.The cermet of actual fabrication is in the middle high-temperature heat-collection pipe of absorbed layer, and emission surpasses 10% than general, even adopt the condenser system up to 100: 1, heat radiation is still too big.The metal ratio that improves in the cermet absorbed layer can reduce the emission ratio, but must reduce absorptance, often loses more than gain.
The raising of conventional cermet absorbing material performance is impossible basically, has only to seek and finds new material or structure, just can make the photo-thermal transformation efficiency that substantive the raising arranged.
Summary of the invention
To the problem that exists in the solar energy high temperature heat utilization, the present invention proposes a kind of new type light thermal-collecting tube, can reach higher photo-thermal transformation efficiency.
Solar energy heat collection pipe with light trapping structure; Form by metal inner pipe, glass outer tube, seal bellows etc.; The sunlight absorber coatings is set on the inner tube outer surface, and the sunlight absorber coatings is followed successively by metallic film reflection layer, the 1st dielectric layer, light absorbing zone, the 2nd dielectric layer from inside to outside.Technical characterictic of the present invention is: one in described 2 dielectric layers is to be made up of the film with sunken light function, and promptly the mean fluctuation degree of described film surface surpasses 30 nanometers; Described thin-film material with sunken light function is aluminium oxide, aluminium nitride or aluminum oxynitride.
Described sunlight absorber coatings prepares as follows.Sputtering sedimentation metallic film reflection layer on metal inner pipe at first; On the metallic film reflection layer, prepare aluminium/aluminium oxide mixed film with magnetically controlled sputter method; Sputtering atmosphere is argon gas/oxygen, and control argon gas and the ratio between the oxygen wherein changes in the film ratio between the aluminium and aluminium oxide.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube is put into boiling water, cook out the aluminium in the mixed film, stay aluminium oxide, form the 1st dielectric layer, this dielectric layer has contoured surface, and the original thickness of fluctuating quantity and mixed film and the ratio of aluminium and aluminium oxide are relevant.Or on the metallic film reflection layer, prepare aluminium/aluminium nitride mixed film with magnetically controlled sputter method, and sputtering atmosphere is argon gas/nitrogen, control argon gas and the ratio between the nitrogen wherein changes in the film ratio between the aluminium and aluminium nitride.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube is put into boiling water, cook out the aluminium in the mixed film, stay aluminium nitride, form the 1st dielectric layer, this dielectric layer has contoured surface, and the original thickness of fluctuating quantity and mixed film and the ratio of aluminium and aluminium nitride are relevant.Or on the metallic film reflection layer, preparing aluminium/aluminum oxynitride mixed film with magnetically controlled sputter method, sputtering atmosphere is argon gas/oxygen/nitrogen, control argon gas and the ratio between oxygen and the oxygen wherein, ratio between aluminium and the aluminum oxynitride in the change film.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube is put into boiling water, cook out the aluminium in the mixed film, stay aluminum oxynitride, form the 1st dielectric layer, this dielectric layer has contoured surface, and the original thickness of fluctuating quantity and this dielectric layer and the ratio of aluminium and aluminium oxide are relevant.Deposit light absorbing zone and the 2nd medium on the 1st dielectric layer of contoured surface successively layer by layer having, this is two-layer also all to have the contoured surface structure.
Described another kind of sunlight absorber coatings prepares as follows.At first sputtering sedimentation metallic film reflection layer, the 1st dielectric layer and light absorbing zone successively on metal inner pipe; On light absorbing zone, prepare aluminium/aluminium oxide mixed film with magnetically controlled sputter method; Sputtering atmosphere is argon gas/oxygen; Control argon gas and the ratio between the oxygen wherein; Ratio between aluminium and the aluminium oxide in the change film; Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube is put into boiling water; Cook out the aluminium in the mixed film; Stay aluminium oxide; Form the 2nd dielectric layer; This dielectric layer has contoured surface, and the original thickness of fluctuating quantity and mixed film and the ratio of aluminium and aluminium oxide are relevant.Or on light absorbing zone, prepare aluminium/aluminium nitride mixed film with magnetically controlled sputter method; Sputtering atmosphere is argon gas/nitrogen; Control argon gas and the ratio between the nitrogen wherein; Ratio between aluminium and the aluminium nitride is put into boiling water with pipe in the thermal-collecting tube in the change film, cooks out the aluminium in the mixed film; Stay aluminium nitride; Form the 2nd dielectric layer, this dielectric layer has contoured surface, and the original thickness of fluctuating quantity and mixed film and the ratio of aluminium and aluminium nitride are relevant; Or on light absorbing zone, prepare aluminium/aluminum oxynitride mixed film with magnetically controlled sputter method; Sputtering atmosphere is argon gas/oxygen/nitrogen; Control argon gas and the ratio between oxygen and the oxygen wherein; Ratio between aluminium and the aluminum oxynitride is put into boiling water with pipe in the thermal-collecting tube in the change film, cooks out the aluminium in the mixed film; Stay aluminum oxynitride; Form the 2nd dielectric layer, this dielectric layer has contoured surface, and the original thickness of fluctuating quantity and mixed film and the ratio of aluminium and aluminum oxynitride are relevant.
Described light absorbing zone can be made up of metallic films such as molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel; Described light absorbing zone also can be made up of the alloy firm between above-mentioned these metals, and described light absorbing zone can also be made up of the alloy firm between above-mentioned these metals and magnesium, aluminium, copper, silver or the gold.
Described light absorbing zone can be made up of the mixed film between metals such as molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel, aluminium, magnesium, copper, silver, gold and aluminium oxide, aluminium nitride, aluminum oxynitride, silica, silicon nitride, the silicon oxynitride.
Described light absorbing zone can be made up of the different film of multilayer absorption coefficient.Described metallic film reflection layer can be made up of metallic films such as molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, aluminium, copper, silver, gold.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention is simple in structure, and material is common, and technical process is control easily also, and the technology cost is not high, is fit to large-scale production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
11-metal inner pipe wherein, 12-metallic film reflection layer, 13-the 1st dielectric layer, 14-light absorbing zone, 15-the 2nd dielectric layer, 16-glass outer tube.
Fig. 2 is an another kind of structural representation of the present invention.
21-metal inner pipe wherein, 22-metallic film reflection layer, 23-the 1st dielectric layer, 24-light absorbing zone, 25-the 2nd dielectric layer, 26-glass outer tube.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Magnetron sputtering prepares pipe in the solar energy heat collection pipe, and pipe adopts stainless steel tube in this, and length is 4.3 meters, and effectively sputtered film length is 4 meters.Three column type targets are set in the vacuum system, and target is respectively aluminium, niobium and copper.The niobium of elder generation's sputter one deck 80 nanometers under argon atmospher is as the metallic film reflection layer.With pure aluminum target reactive sputtering aluminium/alumina layer under argon gas and oxygen atmosphere, oxygen proportion is 2%, and thickness is 60 nanometers.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube was boiled in boiling water 5 minutes, remove the aluminium in aluminium/alumina layer fully, form aluminium oxide and fall into optical thin film, as the 1st dielectric layer with contoured surface.The metal niobium film that deposits 15 nanometer thickness is as light absorbing zone, and the aluminum oxide film that deposits 80 nanometer thickness again forms complete sunlight absorber coatings as the 2nd dielectric layer.Emission when the absorptance of this sunlight absorber coatings is 0.95,400 ℃ is than surpassing 90% less than the photo-thermal transformation efficiency under 0.08,100 times of optically focused condition.
Embodiment 2:
Reaction magnetocontrol sputtering prepares pipe in the solar energy heat collection pipe, and pipe adopts stainless steel tube in this, and length is 4.3 meters, and effectively sputtered film length is 4 meters.Three column type targets are set in the vacuum system, and target is respectively aluminium, molybdenum and copper.The molybdenum of elder generation's sputter one deck 100 nanometers under argon atmospher is as the metallic film reflection layer.With pure aluminum target reactive sputtering aluminium/aln layer under argon and nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen ratios is 5%, and thickness is 70 nanometers.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube was boiled in boiling water 5 minutes, remove the aluminium in aluminium/aln layer fully, form aluminium nitride and fall into optical thin film, as the 1st dielectric layer with contoured surface.The metal molybdenum film that deposits 15 nanometer thickness is as light absorbing zone, and the aluminum oxide film of heavy 80 nanometer thickness forms complete sunlight absorber coatings as the 2nd dielectric layer again.Emission when the absorptance of this sunlight absorber coatings is 0.95,400 ℃ is than surpassing 90% less than the photo-thermal transformation efficiency under 0.1,100 times of optically focused condition.
Embodiment 3:
Reaction magnetocontrol sputtering prepares pipe in the solar energy heat collection pipe, and pipe adopts stainless steel tube in this, and length is 4.3 meters, and effectively sputtered film length is 4 meters.Three column type targets are set in the vacuum system, and target is respectively aluminium, molybdenum and copper.Earlier under argon atmospher the molybdenum of sputter one deck 100 nanometers as the metallic film reflection layer, at the aluminium oxide of argon gas/oxygen atmosphere deposit 40 nanometer thickness as the 1st dielectric layer, at the metal molybdenum film of argon gas atmosphere deposit 15 nanometer thickness as light absorbing zone.With pure aluminum target reactive sputtering aluminium/aln layer under argon and nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen ratios is 5%, and thickness is 120 nanometers.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube was boiled in boiling water 5 minutes, remove the aluminium in aluminium/aln layer fully, form aluminium nitride and fall into optical thin film,, form complete sunlight absorber coatings as the 2nd dielectric layer with contoured surface.Emission when the absorptance of this sunlight absorber coatings is 0.95,400 ℃ is than surpassing 90% less than the photo-thermal transformation efficiency under 0.1,100 times of optically focused condition.
Embodiment 4:
Reaction magnetocontrol sputtering prepares pipe in the solar energy heat collection pipe, and pipe adopts stainless steel tube in this, and length is 4.3 meters, and effectively sputtered film length is 4 meters.Three column type targets are set in the vacuum system, and target is respectively aluminium, molybdenum and copper.The molybdenum of elder generation's sputter one deck 100 nanometers under argon atmospher is as the metallic film reflection layer.With pure aluminum target reactive sputtering aluminium/aluminum oxynitride layer under the argon oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen ratios is 2%, and oxygen proportion 2%, thickness are 70 nanometers.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube was boiled in boiling water 5 minutes, remove the aluminium in aluminium/aluminum oxynitride layer fully, form aluminum oxynitride and fall into optical thin film, as the 1st dielectric layer with contoured surface.The metal molybdenum film that deposits 15 nanometer thickness is as light absorbing zone, and the aluminum oxynitride film of heavy 60 nanometer thickness forms complete sunlight absorber coatings as the 2nd dielectric layer again.Emission when the absorptance of this sunlight absorber coatings is 0.95,400 ℃ is than surpassing 90% less than the photo-thermal transformation efficiency under 0.1,100 times of optically focused condition.
Embodiment 5:
Reaction magnetocontrol sputtering prepares pipe in the solar energy heat collection pipe, and pipe adopts stainless steel tube in this, and length is 4.3 meters, and effectively sputtered film length is 4 meters.Three column type targets are set in the vacuum system, and target is respectively aluminium, molybdenum and silicon.The molybdenum of elder generation's sputter one deck 100 nanometers under argon atmospher is as the metallic film reflection layer.With pure aluminum target reactive sputtering aluminium/aluminum oxynitride layer under the argon oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen ratios is 2%, and oxygen proportion 2%, thickness are 60 nanometers.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube was boiled in boiling water 5 minutes, remove the aluminium in aluminium/aluminum oxynitride layer fully, form aluminum oxynitride and fall into optical thin film, as the 1st dielectric layer with contoured surface.The metal molybdenum film that deposits 15 nanometer thickness is as light absorbing zone, and the silicon oxide film of heavy 100 nanometer thickness forms complete sunlight absorber coatings as the 2nd dielectric layer again.Infrared emission when the absorptance of this solar control coating is 0.95,400 ℃ is than surpassing 90% less than the photo-thermal transformation efficiency under 0.1,100 times of optically focused condition.
Embodiment 6:
Reaction magnetocontrol sputtering prepares pipe in the solar energy heat collection pipe, and pipe adopts stainless steel tube in this, and length is 4.3 meters, and effectively sputtered film length is 4 meters.Three column type targets are set in the vacuum system, and target is respectively aluminium, molybdenum and copper.The copper of elder generation's sputter one deck 100 nanometers under argon atmospher is as the metallic film reflection layer.With pure aluminum target reactive sputtering aluminium/aluminum oxynitride layer under the argon oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen ratios is 2%, and oxygen proportion 2%, thickness are 70 nanometers.Pipe in the thermal-collecting tube was boiled in boiling water 5 minutes, remove the aluminium in aluminium/aluminum oxynitride layer fully, form aluminum oxynitride and fall into optical thin film, as the 1st dielectric layer with contoured surface.Under argon gas and oxygen atmosphere, aluminium and molybdenum target cosputtering deposit metal molybdenum and the aluminium oxide mixed film of 20 nanometer thickness as light absorbing zone, and the aluminum oxide film of heavy 80 nanometer thickness forms complete sunlight absorber coatings as the 2nd dielectric layer again.Infrared emission when the absorptance of this sunlight absorber coatings is 0.95,400 ℃ is than surpassing 90% less than the photo-thermal transformation efficiency under 0.1,100 times of optically focused condition.
Claims (7)
1. the solar energy heat collection pipe that has light trapping structure; Form by metal inner pipe, glass outer tube, seal bellows etc.; The sunlight absorber coatings is set on the inner tube outer surface; The sunlight absorber coatings is followed successively by metallic film reflection layer, the 1st dielectric layer, light absorbing zone, the 2nd dielectric layer from inside to outside; It is characterized in that: one in described 2 dielectric layers is to be made up of the film with sunken light function, and promptly the mean fluctuation degree of described film surface surpasses 30 nanometers; Described thin-film material with sunken light function is aluminium oxide, aluminium nitride or aluminum oxynitride.
(2) as claimed in claim 1 having a light trapping structure of the solar collector tube, characterized in that: said solar absorbing coating prepared by the following method, the first tube in the metal sputter deposited metal film on the light-reflecting layer, metal thin film on the light-reflecting layer prepared by magnetron sputtering using aluminum / aluminum oxide film, the sputtering atmosphere of argon / oxygen, argon gas and the control of which the ratio between the oxygen, changing the film between the aluminum and alumina the proportion of the collector tube inner tube into the boiling water, boil-off mixture of aluminum film, leaving the aluminum, forming a first dielectric layer, the dielectric layer having a relief surface, the degree of fluctuation of the original thickness of the mixed film of aluminum oxide related to the ratio of aluminum; or the metal thin film on the light-reflecting layer prepared by magnetron sputtering Al / AlN hybrid film, the sputtering atmosphere of argon / nitrogen, argon which controls the ratio between the nitrogen and change Aluminum and aluminum nitride film the ratio between the collector tube inner tube into the boiling water, boil-off aluminum mixed in the film, leaving the aluminum nitride, forming a first dielectric layer, the dielectric layer has undulating surface undulations and mixing the film thickness and the original ratio of the aluminum and the aluminum nitride; or the metal thin film on the light-reflecting layer prepared by magnetron sputtering using aluminum / aluminum oxide film of nitrogen, the sputtering atmosphere is argon gas / oxygen / nitrogen, controls an argon gas and oxygen and oxygen in proportion to the change in the film the ratio between the aluminum and the aluminum oxynitride, the collector tube inner tube into the boiling water, boil-off aluminum mixed in the film, leaving the aluminum oxynitride, forming a first dielectric layer, the dielectric layer has undulating surface undulations of the original thickness of the mixed film and related to the ratio of aluminum and alumina; undulating surface having a first dielectric layer sequentially deposited on the light absorbing layer and the second dielectric layer The layers also have a relief surface structure.
3 according to claim 1 having a light trapping structure of the solar collector tube, characterized in that: said solar absorbing layer was prepared as follows, first of all in the metal tube sequentially sputter-deposited metal film on the light reflecting layer, first dielectric layer and a light absorbing layer, the light absorbing layer was prepared by magnetron sputtering of aluminum / aluminum oxide film, the sputtering atmosphere of argon / oxygen, argon gas and the control of which the ratio between the oxygen, changing the film the ratio between the aluminum and alumina, the collector tube inner tube into the boiling water, boil-off mixture of aluminum film, leaving the aluminum oxide, forming the second dielectric layer, the dielectric layer has undulating surface undulations and mixed film The original thickness and related to the ratio of aluminum and alumina; or the light absorbing layer was prepared by magnetron sputtering Al / AlN hybrid film, the sputtering atmosphere of argon / nitrogen, argon gas control which the nitrogen of the the ratio between the change in the film the ratio between the aluminum and the aluminum nitride, the collector tube inner tube into the boiling water, boil-off aluminum mixed in the film, leaving the aluminum nitride to form a second dielectric layer, the dielectric layer has undulating surface undulations of the original thickness of the mixed film and the ratio of aluminum and the aluminum nitride; or the light absorbing layer is prepared by magnetron sputtering on the aluminum / aluminum oxide film of nitrogen, the sputtering atmosphere is argon gas / oxygen / N, the control of which oxygen, argon, oxygen and the ratio between the change in the film the ratio between the aluminum and the aluminum oxynitride, the collector tube inner tube into the boiling water, boil-off aluminum mixed in the film, leaving the nitrogen aluminum oxide, forming the second dielectric layer, the dielectric layer having a relief surface, the degree of fluctuation of the original thickness of the mixed film of aluminum and the ratio of the aluminum oxynitride.
4. the solar energy heat collection pipe with light trapping structure according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described light absorbing zone can be made up of metallic films such as molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel; Described light absorbing zone also can be made up of the alloy firm between above-mentioned these metals, and described light absorbing zone can also be made up of the alloy firm between above-mentioned these metals and magnesium, aluminium, copper, silver or the gold.
5. the solar energy heat collection pipe with light trapping structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described light absorbing zone can be made up of the mixed film between metals such as molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, aluminium, copper, silver, gold and aluminium oxide, aluminium nitride, aluminum oxynitride, oxygen and silicon, silicon nitride, the silicon oxynitride.
6. the solar energy heat collection pipe with light trapping structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described light absorbing zone can be made up of the different film of multilayer absorption coefficient.
7. the solar energy heat collection pipe with light trapping structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metallic film reflection layer can be made up of metallic films such as molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, aluminium, copper, silver, gold.
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| CN201110305857A CN102305484A (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2011-10-11 | Solar collector tube with light trapping structure |
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| CN102434990A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-05-02 | 李德杰 | Solar heat collecting pipe with scattering surface |
| CN102620455A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-01 | 解欣业 | Process for preparing efficient large-area solar spectrum selective absorption coating and coated plate |
| CN102721207A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 苏州嘉言能源设备有限公司 | Trench type intermediate-temperature coating for solar energy |
| CN105509349A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-20 | 九格能源科技（天津）有限公司 | Vacuum high-temperature solar heat collecting tube |
| CN113522205A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-22 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
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| CN113522205B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-05-31 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
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Application publication date: 20120104 |