CN102305380A - Light collection device - Google Patents
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- CN102305380A CN102305380A CN201110131940A CN201110131940A CN102305380A CN 102305380 A CN102305380 A CN 102305380A CN 201110131940 A CN201110131940 A CN 201110131940A CN 201110131940 A CN201110131940 A CN 201110131940A CN 102305380 A CN102305380 A CN 102305380A
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- light
- transverse axis
- collecting device
- light collecting
- optics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
- F21S11/002—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for collecting or concentrating the sunlight, e.g. parabolic reflectors or Fresnel lenses
- F21S11/005—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for collecting or concentrating the sunlight, e.g. parabolic reflectors or Fresnel lenses with tracking means for following the position of the sun
Abstract
The invention discloses a light collection device, which comprises a control device, a rotation device and a lighting device, wherein the control device is connected with driving mechanisms of the rotation device and the lighting device and drives the lighting device to form a certain angle with incident sunshine; the rotation device tracks the incident sunshine in the horizontal direction; the lighting device comprises a longitudinal tracking device and a rotatable optical device; and the optical device is driven by the longitudinal tracking device to form the certain angle with the incident sunshine. The light collection device changes the direction of the incident sunshine into a certain given direction. By the device, independent of a medium, light can be always conducted inside a building according to a certain direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar utilizing equipment for building, be specifically related to the light collecting device in a kind of light-guiding system.
Background technology
According to the regulation of " architectural lighting design standard " (the GB GB/T50033/34-2004) of building portion 2004 promulgation, should be under possible situation in the architectural design of China: " it be indoor to utilize various leaded lights and reflex reflector that natural daylight is introduced; Utilize solar energy as lighting energy ".
Light-guiding system is exactly the energy-conservation green illumination product that meets this national requirements.Light-guiding system generally is divided into three parts, and the one, daylighting part, the 2nd, photoconduction part, the 3rd, astigmatic part.The operation principle of this kind system is that the medium through can leaded light forms the photoconduction part (for example inner surface has the hollow pipe of reflection function; The solid core fibres that perhaps possesses the inner full-reflection function) light is delivered to an other end from an end of medium, thereby reaches purposes such as illumination.Daylighting partly is responsible for allowing light get into the photoconduction part from an end, and the astigmatism part then is responsible for light is evenly spread to the inside, room.For example, Fig. 1 is a typical commercialization light pipe system.
The classification of light-guiding system mainly contains initiatively and passive two big types.The main distinction of these two kinds of systems is that the former daylighting partly is movable; And the latter's daylighting partly is inactive.Active system daylighting piecemeal activity just can be followed the tracks of sun's motion, then photopolymerization is got up, and transmits through medium again.Passive system does not have movable part, and sunlight almost directly gets into photoconduction and partly transmits.The advantage of active system is can optically focused, then light is transmitted through the smaller medium of diameter under construction, thereby reaches the purpose of saving the space.Its shortcoming is still need use a large amount of light guide medias, has increased system cost, and is therefore relatively more expensive.Showed a typical initiatively light-guiding system among Fig. 2.
The advantage of passive type system is not need movable part optically focused, provides cost savings; But shortcoming is to take up room greatly, and along with the increase of photoconduction apart from length, cost also increases progressively because of the increase of medium length, and light intensity is but successively decreased.Light initiatively uses optical fiber in the light-guiding system, so can distribute with the laying of light more under construction.And passive light-guiding system seriously relies on the medium of diameter than big tens of times even hundreds of times of optical fiber; So generally can only be in building (attic or southward room) level or vertical laying the in each floor with good conditionsi, so be divided into system horizontal and vertical system's (see figure 3) basically again.According to the distance of system transmissions light, can divide remote (the photoconduction distance is more than ten meters) and in-plant system (in ten meters of the photoconduction distances) again in addition.The difference and the strengths and weaknesses contrast of above-mentioned all systems have been enumerated in the table one.
(table)
Contrast situation in the conclusive table one can be found following problem:
(1) no matter is which kind of system, all uses optical fiber or hollow/solid photoconductive tube that light is conducted.Therefore, transmission range is long more, and system cost is high more.
(2) in long-distance transmissions light, the passive type system effectiveness is extremely low.
(3) in building interior long-distance transmissions light, it is too big that the passive type system takies interior construction spacing, significantly increases user's added burden, so almost there is not application prospect.
(4) when carrying out at a distance (above ten meters) photoconduction with the passive type system, system total efficiency be lower than 45% and price be higher than 4000 yuan.When photoconduction distance reaches 20 meters, the passive type system total efficiency be lower than 31% and price be higher than 8000 yuan.
(5) when carrying out at a distance (above ten meters) photoconduction with proactive system, only the fibre bundle cost of 10 centimetres of ten meters long diameters is just more than 25000 yuan.
Nearly all in the world at present photoconduction product all is through in transmission medium, repeatedly reflecting sunlight to be imported in the building.So the common fault of existing photoconduction product is sunlight decay one by one in repeatedly reflecting, and causes efficiency of transmission low; And transmission range is long more, and medium is just long more, and the sunlight strength decay is just serious more, and the cost of medium is also high more, causes system expensive and poor efficiency, therefore can't popularization and application in large-scale modern architecture.Contrast to prior art shown in the table one shows, when remote photoconduction, and passive type system expensive and poor efficiency, even can't use at all; Proactive system is then expensive more, also can't scale use.Thereby how can not use transmission medium to reduce system cost, and the long-distance transmissions that in the architectural design allowed band, realizes light the present invention's problem that will solve just then.
There is following technology prejudice at present in the light-guiding system field:
1) existing light guide techniques thinks that light-guiding system for building must first optically focused, transmits light again, and then light is disperseed to reach designated room.
2) existing light guide techniques thinks that the propagation of light need utilize medium, and light is propagated through repeatedly reflecting at it.
3) existing light guide techniques is thought because interior construction spacing is limited, thus provide the medium diameter of photoconduction path should be more little good more, so tend to adopt optical fiber to carry out conduct far.
4) existing solar utilization technique pay attention to centralized power generation then through power transformation, transmit electricity and send electric equipment that electric energy is delivered to the end user place.
The above-mentioned the 1st) individual technology prejudice has stoped prior art to develop along purport circuit of the present invention.Above-mentioned prejudice causes existing light collecting system with the initial link of being polymerized to of light; Increased system cost; And the process of " optically focused is astigmatism again " two effects of cancelling each other has improved the cost of system more in the light-guiding system, and has increased the loss of system's light conduction simultaneously again.
At present; US Patent No. 20050577970 and US7813061B2 " LIGHT COLLECTING DEVICE " and one Chinese patent application of the same clan 200580037569.4 " light collecting device " thereof have just demonstrated fully a mainstream technology route and the existing above-mentioned defective thereof of current optically focused fibre-optic light guide system.
The above-mentioned the 2nd) individual technology prejudice is guided the developing direction of prior art into the reflection efficiency that how to improve medium, the manufacturing cost that reduces medium, and but having ignored light fully can almost not have loss ground to propagate in air along straight line in fact.This existing thinking has been ignored a basic natural law, be exactly sunshine almost be directional light.Therefore, as long as have the ability to allow sunshine get into building in a horizontal manner, it just can freely be propagated in the space that building interior is reserved, and almost has no loss.By contrast, the existing repeatedly propagation scheme of reflection can't be eliminated the disadvantage that the each reflection of light all decays.For example, the each reflection of light only loses 2%, is example so with the hollow light pipe, needs average 60 secondary reflections through ten meters transmission, and then Sun Shi light quantity is 1-(1-2%)
60=70%, only obtain utilizing less than 1/3 light.
At present; The China national patent " is used the sunshine light Pipe apparatus of nonimaging concentrator " and (ZL200720103522.X) (ZL200410086705.6), has just been proved absolutely a mainstream technology route and the existing above-mentioned defective thereof of current light pipe system with " realizing the light pipe system of photocatalysis air-cleaning and gravity-flow ventilation ".
The above-mentioned the 3rd) individual technology prejudice is relevant with the development of world economy situation.Research to natural daylight originated from developed country in modern age, and the scientific research strength of forefront is also in developed country.But social characteristics of developed country are that the economic development speedup is slow, new building quantity is few at present, and the storage asd number is many.The storage buildings in characteristic is that its structure almost can't change when in a single day building up, so can't increase the pipeline space that is used for photoconduction newly.Just because of these characteristics, the scientific research personnel of developed country focuses on how to transform existing storage building with main energy, makes it can accept photoconduction.Thus; Use the optical fiber of the similar diameter of wire to become the inevitable choice of existing scheme; But ignored such fact; Be exactly: in developing country; A large amount of modern new buildings is arranged every year; And these buildings fully can be at the beginning of design just the very little cost of flower reserve the photoconduction pipeline of similar ventilating opening, air-conditioning duct, fire protection pipeline, prerequisite is the conflicts and do not take more spaces mutually of these pipelines.In fact, there are a large amount of utilizable spaces (0.2-1 rice) in modern architecture between layer and layer.Do not utilize this space to carry out photoconduction, the expense of but deflorating physical resources and financial resources uses very thin optical fiber to carry out photoconduction, is greatest dual waste.Most of population in the world is in developing country, and the scientific research personnel in west is subjected to the restriction of its social development situation, and its product only uses the storage building, and As time goes on, its development prospect is more and more limited; And by contrast, prospect of the present invention is but extensive relatively.
The above-mentioned the 4th) individual technology prejudice most of solar electricity generation fields that cause determining in the world adopt the active tracking system of optically focused.In order to reach the optically focused purpose, these systems all coincidentally select minute surface or solar panel are spread out shape along its central point and position of sun line as symmetry, the effect that increase receiving area to reach, improves optically focused power.These designs can't be used for sunlight is evenly distributed in the building body at all.In fact, concentrating to generate power or to utilize solar panel initiatively to follow the tracks of the efficient of sun generating low.The electric energy that obtains through this approach must pass through and transform and longly could arrive huge numbers of families apart from the transformation transmission; The part that the end user can obtain using only is the sub-fraction that generating field receives total solar energy, and remainder has then lost in conversion and transmission course.The viewpoint that this patent bases oneself upon is that to the utilization of solar energy, effective method is to throw light in the daytime at architectural its sunlight attribute that directly utilizes, and does not almost have energy loss.Therefore the made light-guiding system of this patent must be integrally formed with building; When accepting sunlight, sunlight moment is delivered to each corner of building interior; And reach the overall utilization rate more than 80%, become most effective in the world one of the product of regenerative resource that utilizes.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of light collecting device, and it can change over the direction of incident sunlight the device of a certain assigned direction.This device makes light not rely on medium becomes possibility according to certain direction conduction all the time at building interior.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of light collecting device, comprising: control device, it connects the driving mechanism of whirligig and lighting equipment, and driving lighting equipment and incident sunlight have a certain degree; Whirligig, its horizontal tracing incident sunlight; Lighting equipment comprises vertical follow-up mechanism and rotatable optics, and optics has a certain degree with incident sunlight under the driving of vertical drive unit.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the device that the direction of incident sunlight can be changed over a certain assigned direction.This device makes light not rely on medium becomes possibility according to certain direction conduction all the time at building interior.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
Fig. 1 is a typical existing passive type light-guiding system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a typical existing active light-guiding system structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the difference sketch map of level and vertical passive type light-guiding system;
Fig. 4 is the implication sketch map of daylight " orthogonalization " that oblique fire is gone into;
Fig. 5 is one embodiment of the present of invention sketch mapes, wherein uses two transverse axis and two optics.This instance has illustrated the structure of light collecting device;
Fig. 6 is that transverse axis is the sketch map that how is installed to U type framework in one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 7 with vertical view (on) and profile (descending) expression one embodiment of the present of invention in a reflective optics be how to be installed on the transverse axis;
Fig. 8 is that optics is the sketch map that how to be installed on the transverse axis among the another one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is in a kind of application process of the present invention, and U type framework is how by the sketch map of driven by motor rotation;
Figure 10 shows in a kind of application process of the present invention, and transverse axis is how by the sketch map of driven by motor rotation.
Figure 11 is how one embodiment of the present of invention change into along U type gimbal axis the daylight of injecting to the light beam of propagating, then again by the sketch map of along continuous straight runs reflection entering interior of building;
Figure 12 representes an example schematic of the present invention, illustrates how it can combine to form the solar collector system that can daylight not had the medium photoconduction with other known technologies;
Figure 13 is the sketch map how device of the present invention is expanded;
Figure 14 is that the present invention can be at the sketch map of facade with level or vertical mode use;
Figure 15 is an example schematic of the present invention, illustrates how it can combine to carry out remote light conduction and the sunlight decentralized configuration is arrived building interior Anywhere with other known technologies.
The specific embodiment
Core concept of the present invention is to allow sunlight in the air of building interior, carry out " quadrature propagation ".So-called " quadrature propagation " just is meant and allows light propagate along the direction of elevation of building or horizontal plane.Desire realizes this scheme; Must overcome a difficult point: irradiation of sunlight direction dynamic change at every moment always throughout the year; And its oblique fire at a certain angle always is on Facade of Architecture or the horizontal plane, so it can naturally and understandably not carry out quadrature and propagates.How will shine architectural light sideling, to fit to the light that quadrature is propagated, overcome the key of this difficult point exactly.Realize this point, must be earlier with the light of oblique fire, at outer " conversions " one-tenth level of building or the vertical light of propagation, and then guide its entering building interior to get final product.And the present invention can realize system's (seeing also Fig. 4) of this " conversion " function just.
In a word; Just because of having overcome aforementioned four technology prejudice; The present invention just possibly make the light-guiding system that utilizes it possess unexistent operating characteristic of other products and effect, and can significantly reduce cost (when transmission range more than 20 meters the time, cost other products 10% to 20% between).
Shown in Figure 1 is an existing typical passive type hollow light guide system, comprising: lighting device 2, light pipe 3 and 5 three critical pieces of diffuser.4 is the building roof, and incident sunlight 1 gets into lighting device 2 outside the roof, has the transmission of the hollow light guiding pipe 3 of reflection function then through inwall, penetrates diffuser 5 at last, becomes outgoing sunlight 6 and gets into the interior space.
Shown in Figure 2 is the active fibre-optic light guide of an existing typical case system, comprising: dome skylight 7, collector lens 8, pitch axis 9, dome skylight support 10, fiber optic receiver 11, optical fiber 12, azimuth axis 13 and base 14.On dome skylight support 10, set up one or more airtight dome skylight 7.In each dome skylight 7 inside top collector lens 8 is installed.Dome skylight support 10 leans on pitch axis 9 and azimuth axis 13 to drive sun-tracing; Allow collector lens 8 meet to the sun in the front all the time; Therefore parallel rays is gathered into little hot spot; And allow hot spot just in time drop in the fiber optic receiver 11; And conduct entering optical fiber 12, and then light is taken to the indoor place that needs illumination with the extension laying of optical fiber.
Shown in Figure 3 is building 18 sketch mapes that vertical light-guiding system of passive type 16 and passive type horizon light guiding systems 19 are installed, and is used for intuitively illustrating both difference.Can see from figure that vertically light-guiding system then must pass through floor if go deep into building interior; And the horizon light guiding systems can level be walked in every layer of existing equipment interlayer 20.15 and 17 is incident ray among the figure, and 20 and 21 is emergent ray.
The implication of explanation that be used for shown in Figure 4 with sunlight direction of transfer " orthogonalization ".X-Y-Z three coordinate systems are arranged among the figure.After incident ray 23 gets into above-mentioned X-Y-Z three coordinate systems; If be reflected or reflect the change direction, and be to change into prolonging the light 24 that Z axially propagates, or change into and prolong Y-axis to the light of propagating 25; Or change into when prolonging the light 26 that X axis propagates, claim that light 23 is by " orthogonalization ".Light can be walking after by orthogonalization three directions form a new coordinate system a-b-c and also represented to come out in the drawings.
Shown in Figure 5 is an instance of the present invention, comprising: U type rotating frame 27, transverse axis 29, bearing 30 and an optics 33.In this instance, a position of orientation sensor 36 is mechanically fixed in U type rotating frame bottom, and this plane, sensor place is vertical with U type rotating frame center line 37, and center sensor is passed through by this center line simultaneously.In the middle of the both sides of the setting of U type rotating frame, three transverse axis have been installed, its detailed installation method is seen Fig. 6.The central axis of three transverse axis (such as 31 and 35) parallel to each other, and all the physical centre's line 37 with U type framework is vertical.End at transverse axis is equipped with pitch position sensor accessory 32 and 34.The mid portion of each transverse axis possesses at least one plane (seeing Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 for details).On this plane, fix a face Double sided mirror, and its center line is parallel with the center line of transverse axis.In other instances, Double sided mirror also can be replaced by other level crossing, curved mirrors that possesses reflection function, and the lens that perhaps possessed reflective functions replace.U type rotating frame 27 can spin around physical centre's axis 37 separately, and the transverse axis 29 that is mounted thereon can be around physical centre's axis spin separately.The rotation of the above-mentioned bidimensional free degree can drive optics and incident sunlight shape has a certain degree.
Installation method for the above-mentioned instance of the present invention (Fig. 5) axis and bearing shown in Figure 6.By visible among the figure: leave a hole 39 on the stile of U type rotating frame.In this hole, adorned a bearing, wherein comprised bearing stator 43, ball circle 44 and bearing rotor 46.The stator 43 and the hole of bearing are tightly linked, and an end 45 of the rotor 46 of bearing and transverse axis is tightly linked.End at transverse axis is equipped with pitch position sensor accessory 40 and 41, and one of them is that one of stator is rotor.
Shown in Figure 7 is a kind of installation method of Double sided mirror on transverse axis in the above-mentioned instance of the present invention (Fig. 5).Upper part is a vertical view among the figure, its expression: mill out a plane 48 on the transverse axis 49, and Double sided mirror 47 placed and held stationary to plane 48.Lower part is a side cutaway view among the figure, wherein comprises transverse axis 49 and Double sided mirror 50.
Shown in Figure 8 is Double sided mirror another installation method on transverse axis in the above-mentioned instance of the present invention (Fig. 5).Upper part is a vertical view among the figure, its expression: support a plane frame 53 through falling trapezoid support 56 on the transverse axis 49, and place thereon and held stationary one Double sided mirror 52.Mid portion is a side cutaway view among the figure, wherein comprises minute surface 55, plane frame 54, transverse axis 57 and the trapezoid support 56 that falls.Lower part is the profile that prolongs the chain-dotted line direction among the figure, comprising minute surface 58, plane frame 59, fall trapezoid support 60 and transverse axis 61.
Shown in Figure 9 is instance of the present invention, is used for illustrating how using a typical machine driven system to drive U type rotating frame around its central axis spin.Comprise among the figure: a motor 65 through a pair of reduction gearing 62 and 64, drives a vertical pivot 63 it can be spinned around its central axis.The central axes of vertical pivot 63 and U type rotating frame; Therefore when the former drive spinning in a motor 65 and reduction gearing 62 and 64; The latter plays the sun constantly effect in the orientation of variation from the motion process of east orientation west of following the tracks of also around both common axis spins.In this tracing process, system can accomplish to allow transverse axis vertical with sunshine light all the time.
Shown in Figure 10 is instance of the present invention, is used for illustrating how using a typical machine driven system to drive transverse axis around its central axis spin.Comprise among the figure: U type rotating frame 66 and transverse axis 68.The mounting means that in partial enlarged drawing, has shown machine driven system, wherein: motor 73 is fixed on the stile 67 of U type rotating frame 76, and its motor shaft passes these stile 67 backs and fuses with a pinion 74.This pinion 74 and a middle gear 75 interlocks, the latter is fixed on the stile 67.Then, the axis of middle gear 75 is through second pinion 72 and a gear wheel 70 interlocks.The axle head 69 of transverse axis 68 passes stile 67 back combining closely with gear wheel through a bearing (see figure 6) and becomes one.71 pass an end outstanding behind the gear wheel centre bore for transverse axis among the figure.
When motor rotates, it will pass through a pair of reduction gearing 70 and 75 and drive transverse axis 68 around its axis spin.When transverse axis 68 spins, the minute surface on it also spins.Because U type rotating frame can spin; Guaranteed transverse axis vertical with incident ray all the time (referring to Fig. 9 and diagram thereof); So control in conjunction with 73 pairs of transverse axis spins of motor in this instance attitude; Minute surface can freely be adjusted its pitch angle; Accomplish to form the different dynamic angle of the number of degrees in every day in the different moment with the sunlight of incident, thus with sunlight reflex to all the time perpendicular to and away from the direction on ground.Figure 11 has further explained this process.
Shown in Figure 11 for instance of the present invention, be used for illustrating under the situation of the U type rotating frame and the transverse axis bidimensional free degree, the present invention be how incident sunlight is reflexed to all the time perpendicular to and away from the direction on ground.Contain typical case of the present invention among the figure, comprise U type rotating frame 78, transverse axis 87 and minute surface 79 are installed on it.Sunlight 85 shines the light that is transformed on the minute surface 79 vertically upward, on another one 45 degree level crossings 77, secondary reflection takes place then, finally becomes outgoing sunlight 86 levels and injects building interior.Level crossing 77 is fixed to building surface 84 by a support 89.
When the latter half of figure had explained that which kind of condition is the angle of minute surface satisfy, above-mentioned purpose can reach.Among the figure: form angle 88 between the extension line 91 on level crossing 92 surfaces and the horizontal plane 93; Form angle 83 between incident sunlight 82 and the horizontal plane 93; Form angle 81 between the vertical line 90 on level crossing 92 surfaces and the horizontal plane 93.
System's desire reaches following effect through the spin of transverse axis 87: incident sunlight 82 forms light beam up 80 perpendicular to the ground through the reflection of level crossing 92, and its direction is parallel with the central axis 94 of U type rotating frame.Desire to reach above-mentioned effect, angle 88 need be adjusted along with the adjustment of angle 83, promptly strictly observes following relation:
Corresponding relation one: angle 88=(90-angle 83)/2;
Corresponding relation two: angle 81=angle 83+ (90-angle 83)/2.
Because it all is different that the sun streaks the running orbit of sky every day in throughout the year, so the number of degrees of corresponding all the time angle 83 also are different in every day.So, according to above-mentioned two jiaos corresponding relation one, angle 88 at all seasons in every day, the number of degrees all the time also be different.When corresponding relation one was accomplished, corresponding relation two also was met simultaneously.In preferred embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned condition is (the seeing Fig. 9 and Figure 10 and pairing explanation for details) of realizing through the control to the motor rotational angle.
The accessory that has comprised the present invention among Figure 12 and formed by other known technology structures comprises: the present invention 97 (U type rotating frame, a plurality of transverse axis, angular transducer), optics 102, Switching Power Supply and internal memory and built-in central processing unit 95, control circuit 105, bidirectional stress bearing 108, unilateral bearing 100, macro-axis 96, big spindle motor 109, a plurality of transverse axis motor 104, mechanical driving device 103, casing 106 and device for fixing boxes 101.
U type rotating frame, one of which end are connected with machine power, the transmission device of box house through bearing, and under its drive, rotate around self physics center line.In this framework, a plurality of rotating shafts are installed along its radial direction.The end that rotating frame is closed is connected with a macro-axis and tightly installs on the inner ring of a two-way bearing.One end of this macro-axis is connected with U type framework, and an other end is connected on the motor and is subjected to this motor-driven through a pair of change-speed gearing 107.An other end of this rotating frame is set in a unilateral bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of this unilateral bearing 100 is fixed on the building through bearing fixing device 98 and 99.Rotating frame can be under driven by motor, serves as that axle is rotated with oneself center line, and the anglec of rotation can be to the maximum+/ 180 degree.Because the mode that has adopted unilateral bearing and two-way bearing to be used, the assurance framework can both be stablized spin under driven by motor when vertical placement (U type mouth up) and horizontal positioned (U type mouth is towards left or right).
A plurality of transverse axis, it can spin around center line separately, and the parallel or antarafacial of the center line of these rotating shafts, mutually disjoints.These rotating shafts are driven with mechanical driving device by motor and are connected with central processing unit through control circuit 105, and realization cooperates with the rotating frame attitude.In these rotating shafts, optics is installed through rivet, screw or adhering method.Or the coincidence parallel of the center line of these optics with the center line of axle.
Optics is level crossing in this example.
Internal memory is wherein stored a two-dimensional data form, and the height and the bearing data of the sun in the current time following several years of longitude and latitude is provided.When system moved, its central processing unit can be through periodically visiting this internal memory, table look-up the position that obtains the sun under the current time.
Built-in central processing unit 95 is at first tabled look-up according to the current time and is drawn position of sun, sends instructions to transmission device through control circuit then, and reflective optics and incident sunlight have a certain degree in the drive rotating shaft.Under this angle, the sunlight of incident reflects on reflective optics becomes the light of propagating on the vertical direction.
Control circuit, it utilizes single-chip microcomputer class central processing unit and internal memory collaborative work, drives optics and incident sunlight and has a certain degree, and the direction of incident sunlight is changed into a constant direction parallel with elevation of building.Can control rotating shaft angle and rotating frame angle according to optical sensor at control circuit described in the different instances; Also can be through the above-mentioned rotating mechanism of position of sun information Control preset in the audit memory.In a word, it realizes through control optics attitude a constant direction parallel with elevation of building being changed in the incident light direction of propagation.
The bidirectional stress bearing, it makes it be tracked into shining sun light in the action of the lower control limit system rotating frame of control device; This bearing can bidirectional stress, can bear the bearing radial load exactly, can bear axial force again, and more common kind comprises self-aligning roller bearing etc.
Unilateral bearing 100: this bearing can be stressed in radial direction, and more common kind comprises thrust ball bearing etc.
Big spindle motor.This motor is a direct current generator, is fixed in the casing, and is connected with control circuit with direct-current switch power supply.Control circuit is controlled the rotation of big spindle motor under the control of central processing unit, thereby the driven rotary framework rotates.
The transverse axis motor.The transverse axis motor is fixed on the U-shaped rotating frame and through a pair of change-speed gearing and is connected on the transverse axis.
Switching Power Supply is used for to motor and control system and central processing unit supply capability.
Casing 106, the bottom surface that it is positioned at rotating frame is used to hold Switching Power Supply, internal memory and built-in central processing unit and fixes with building.
Fixture 101.This device assurance system can be plug-in to any outer surface of building.Described fixed part lays respectively at bottom, top or the sidewall of unilateral bearing edge and casing, is advisable being connected with building roof or sidewall easily.
Illustrated among Figure 13 that system's 113 expansions how three transverse axis and three optics will be housed become the system 110 that possesses four transverse axis and four optics in practical application.Wherein the intermediate steps that need pass through is shown in 112 and 111.
The application example of this device in tier building has been described among Figure 14, and wherein 118 is the facade in building orientation south, and window 120 etc. is arranged on it; 119 is the separated face of this architecture storey and floor gap.The light-guiding system 117 that one cover utilizes this device vertically has been installed, and level has been installed the light-guiding system 115 that a cover utilizes this device on above-mentioned facade.Above-mentioned light-guiding system was described in detail in Figure 12.As shown in the figure, after incident sunlight 114 shone light-guiding system, system to building interior, was transmitted the sunlight horizontal distribution northwards along interlayer.After incident sunlight 116 shone light-guiding system, system to building interior, was transmitted the sunlight vertical distribution northwards along interlayer.System has realized the two-way orthogonalization transmission to sunlight.
How the system that describes in detail among Figure 15 incites somebody to action, and orthogonalized sunlight carries out secondary distribution at building interior.Wherein, 122 is the top of the equipment interlayer of an architecture storey, and 124 is the end of this equipment interlayer, also is the top of above-mentioned floor simultaneously.130 are divided into two zones, north and south with floor, in zone, southern side 132 upright window 129 are arranged, and zone, north side 131 then loses sunlight all the year round.After a branch of incident sunlight 121 shines on this device of installing in a horizontal manner; By horizontal quadratureization; Northwards advance along horizontal direction; Run into a reflective equipment 123 in the way; This sunlight vertical reflection is got into zone, north side 131, thereby realize purpose with zone, nature sunshine lighting north side 131.126 of a branch of in addition incident sunlight are incided another reflecting surface 125 after the orthogonalization, form east-west light beam 127, and after running into reflecting surface 128, form light beam vertically downward, reach the purpose in zone, illumination north side 131.
Each optics of the present invention is to separate parallel placement, and independently rotating shaft is arranged separately, and this has guaranteed that sunlight can directly be distributed and be transferred to building within doors, thereby has omitted the redundant process of " optically focused is astigmatism again " after orthogonalization.The method for designing of multiaxis is installed in rotating frame; The system that makes possess can overlappingly expand can be plug-in characteristic; Therefore can conveniently utilize facade to carry out solar energy acquisition and utilization; And can utilize existing window of building and mechanical floor space to carry out the conduction and the secondary conduction of light; Do not rely on any non-air media such as optical fiber, realized architecture-integral.Install because light collecting device can be pressed close to the outside or the transparent curtain wall inside suspension of elevation of building, and optics is to disperse to place, so system is reduced by the influence of wind-force greatly.System can be on Facade of Architecture or horizontal plane horizontal positioned; Also can vertically place, also can place many cover systems simultaneously, and the light intensity between many cover systems can cross complementary; The position of accomplishing the sun no matter where, system is basicly stable to the sunlight flux that building interior provides.Above-mentioned these design features are that other designs are unexistent.
The embodiment that the present invention is not limited to above discuss.More than the description of the specific embodiment is intended in order to describe and illustrate the technical scheme that the present invention relates to.Based on the conspicuous conversion of the present invention enlightenment or substitute and also should be considered to fall into protection scope of the present invention.The above specific embodiment is used for disclosing best implementation method of the present invention, so that those of ordinary skill in the art can use numerous embodiments of the present invention and multiple alternative reaches the object of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a light collecting device is characterized in that, comprising:
Control device, it connects the driving mechanism of whirligig and lighting equipment, and driving lighting equipment and incident sunlight have a certain degree;
Whirligig, its horizontal tracing incident sunlight;
Lighting equipment comprises vertical follow-up mechanism and rotatable optics, and optics has a certain degree with incident sunlight shape under the driving of vertical drive unit.
2. light collecting device as claimed in claim 1 comprises that a U type rotating frame, at least two transverse axis, at least two are to bearing, a vertical pivot and at least two optics;
It all is coaxial that at least two pairs of axles and every pair of bearing are arranged on U type rotating frame;
The axis of said bearing is vertical with the center line of U type rotating frame;
The axis of said bearing is parallel to each other;
Transverse axis is installed between every pair of bearing;
Pitch position sensor and position of orientation sensor are installed on U type rotating frame.
3. light collecting device as claimed in claim 2, the form of said U type rotating frame are rectangle or the rectangle that has lacked a limit.
4. light collecting device as claimed in claim 2, the center line of described transverse axis is parallel to each other, and all the physical centre's line with U type framework is vertical.
5. light collecting device as claimed in claim 2, the mid portion of described each transverse axis is fixed at least one optics.
6. light collecting device as claimed in claim 5, or the coincidence parallel of the center line of described optics with the center line of axle, this optics can be level crossing, the curved mirror that possesses reflection function, also can be the lens that possess reflective functions.
7. like any described light collecting device in the claim 1 to 6, the size of described U type framework can zoom in or out.
8. like any described light collecting device in the claim 1 to 6, the quantity of described a plurality of transverse axis and size can be adjusted according to the size of U type framework.
9. like any described light collecting device in the claim 1 to 6, number of optical devices on the described transverse axis and size can be adjusted with the quantity of transverse axis and the adjustment of size.
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| CN201110131940.0A CN102305380B (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | Light collecting device |
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| CN201110131940.0A CN102305380B (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | Light collecting device |
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| CN102305380B CN102305380B (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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| CN201110131940.0A Active CN102305380B (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2011-05-20 | Light collecting device |
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