CN102304884A - Method for detecting smoothness of high-speed railway track - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of optical measurement, and relates to a method for detecting smoothness of a high-speed railway track. According to the detection method, a measurement trolley (4), an optical reference station (2) and a reference marker post are mainly adopted in the method; traditional detection principles of an inertial reference method and a chord measurement method are broken; and the distance difference is measured by adopting a double-frequency laser ratio contrapuntal phase method, the smoothness of the track is measured by measuring long resolution capability, and spatial high-precision measurement is further finished by using the accuracy of time. The invention provides the new high-precision track smoothness detection method, so that technical guarantee is provided for realizing safety and comfortableness of higher speed operation in high-speed railways; and the method can be widely applied in the field of precise measurement such as linearity measurement of high-precision ultra long tracks, deformation monitoring of large dams, maintenance and detection of subway tracks and the like.

Description

A kind of detection method of high speed railway track ride comfort

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of optical measuring technologies, relate to a kind of detection method of high speed railway track ride comfort.

Background technology

Along with developing rapidly of China Express Railway system, train operation speed is more and more faster, and is more and more higher to the ride comfort requirement of high speed railway track.The detection method of current track mainly is divided into inertial reference method chord and surveys method; Large-scale track checking car generally adopts the inertial reference method; Carry out quadratic integral through acceleration signal and directly try to achieve position or displacement train; Draw inertial reference; Its shortcoming is that measurement result is subjected to the influence of road speed; Can only be used to detect the highway section of having completed, manufacturing cost and use cost is very high, is not easy to daily wireline inspection and safeguards.Portable track checking car then adopts string to survey method mostly; Calculate long wave irregularity (CN200971459) through measuring short string rise; Because it is big to push away for a short time; There are problems such as error amplification; And string is surveyed method transfer function poor astringency; Measured value can not reflect track condition fully truly, handles also to be converted to the long measured value of 40 metric waves through liftering.In order to improve the certainty of measurement of long wave irregularity; Dalian La Te laser Co., Ltd adopts method of laser alignment to carry out long-chord and measures (CN201575794U); Its shortcoming is to overcome the laser facula randomized jitter that atmospheric turbulance causes, and the parallax error of spot center and vibration etc. all can limit the further raising of certainty of measurement.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above; Break through inertial reference method chord and survey these two kinds traditional detection principles of method; A kind of track ride comfort detection scheme of new high-speed railway is provided; Realize high accuracy, the high efficiency measurement of the uneven compliance of high speed railway track, technical guarantee is provided thereby realize the safety and the comfortableness of more speed operation for high-speed railway.

The present invention for realizing the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopted is: a kind of detection method of high speed railway track ride comfort; Mainly by measuring dolly (4); Optical reference station (2) and base stake are formed; Wherein measure dolly (4) and mainly comprise horizontal lock phase gauge head (10); Vertical lock phase gauge head (9); Self leveling plumb aligner (8); Gauge laser measuring device for measuring (13); Horizontal laser light range unit (7); Dolly car body (11); Dolly wheel track (12); Power supply and driver module (5) and data and memory module (6), base stake comprise base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3).

Above-mentioned base stake A type (1) has a ball-type prism; Base stake Type B (3) has two vertical ball-type prisms that separate; Reference point when the ball-type prism detects as the track ride comfort; Base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3) are symmetrical in high-speed railway circuit center line; Overlap with the CPIII reference pegs and to lay; Every be provided with a pair ofly at a distance from 120 meters, and the line of assurance reference point is perpendicular to central lines of track.

Above-mentioned optical reference station (2) is provided with one along the central lines of track of high-speed railway is every at a distance from 120 to 360 meters, and through the geodetic coordinates of geodetic survey demarcation optics datum station, once demarcate every half a year.

Above-mentioned optical reference station (2) also can fixedly be laid with the GPS device, comes to measure in real time the geodetic coordinates of optics datum station (2) through the GPS device.

Above-mentioned horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) and vertical lock gauge head (9) mutually adopt double-frequency laser to come measuring distance poor than contraposition phase method, calculate the bias of gauge head relative datum dot center line, and can scan and follow the tracks of base stake.

Above-mentioned horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) can be measured the ball-type prism reference point (26) of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) to base stake A type (1); With horizontal lock mutually gauge head (11) to the range difference of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of base stake Type B (3); Calculate horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) transversal displacement of central lines of track relatively; Measure dolly (4) orbital motion; Then can solve the horizontal irregularity of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) through the lateral shift data of match every bit.

Above-mentioned vertical lock phase gauge head (9) can be measured vertical lock phase gauge head (9) to the last ball-type prism reference point (28) of base stake Type B (3) and the range difference of following ball-type prism reference point (27); Calculate the vertical side-play amount of vertical lock phase gauge head (9) with respect to last ball-type prism reference point (28) and following ball-type prism reference point (27) center line; Measure dolly (4) orbital motion; Then can solve the vertical irregularity of vertical lock phase gauge head (9) through the lateral shift data of match every bit.

Above-mentioned self leveling plumb aligner (8) can provide the quasi-optical line that hangs down; Extract the geodetic coordinates information at optical reference station (2); And comprise laser ranging function; Can measure the vertical distance of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) to optical reference station (2); Thereby calculate the geodetic coordinates of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11); Further utilize the geometrical relationship of the rigid structures of measuring dolly (4), solve the value of dolly coordinate system under geodetic coordinates.At first adjust during measurement and measure dolly (4), make self leveling plumb aligner (8) sight optical reference station (2), extract its geodetic coordinates information, as the starting point of measuring.

Above-mentioned gauge laser ranging system (13) is used to measure gauge; And measure the lateral separation of left and right sides track to the dolly coordinate system; Horizontal laser light range unit (7) is used to measure the vertical distance of left and right sides track tread to the dolly coordinate system; The horizontal irregularity data that record in conjunction with horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) and vertical lock be the vertical irregularity data that record of gauge head (9) mutually; Calculate the horizontal irregularity and the vertical irregularity of track; Thereby reflect the space irregularity state of track fully truly, further can deal with data obtain gauge; Level (superelevation); Rail is to (versed sine); Just; Orbit geometry parameters such as twist irregularity.

Technical problem underlying and good effect thereof that the present invention can solve are:

1, breaks through inertial reference method chord and surveyed these two kinds traditional tracks detection principles of method; Adopt double-frequency laser than contraposition phase method measuring principle; Promptly utilize and survey the ride comfort that long resolution capability detects track, and then accomplish the high-acruracy survey in space with the accuracy of time;

2, overcome short string measurement rise and calculated defectives such as long wave irregularity time error amplification, can realize the successive dynamic measuring of track irregularity, thereby reflect the continuous situation of change in space of track profile and position fully truly;

3, owing to adopt double-frequency laser poorer than contraposition phase method measuring distance; Can suppress the error that environmental changes such as atmospheric perturbation cause measurement result; Do not have the restriction of the decision errors of hot spot shake and spot center to the raising certainty of measurement, thereby realize high accuracy, high stability is measured;

4, detect data and can store, show and print, improved detection efficiency;

5, can be widely used in high accuracy overlength track straight line degree measurement, the deformation monitoring of large-scale dam, accurate measurement fields such as the maintenance of underground railway track and detection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a measuring system sketch map of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a measurement vehicle structure sketch map of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a straight line degree measurement schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is that track ride comfort of the present invention detects schematic diagram.

Drawing reference numeral explanation: 1-base stake A type; 2-optical reference station; 3-base stake Type B; 4-measurement dolly; 5-power supply and driver module; 6-data and memory module; 7-horizontal laser light range unit; 8-self leveling plumb aligner; 9-vertical lock phase gauge head; 10-laterally lock the phase gauge head; 11-dolly car body; 12-dolly wheel track; 13-gauge laser measuring device for measuring; 14-two-frequency laser; 15-quarter wave plate; 16-analyzer; 17-probe; 18-collimating and beam expanding system; 19-polarization beam splitter prism; 20-turntable; 21-speculum; 22-driving-belt; 23-beam split rib; 24-isosceles right-angle prism D1-90 °; 25-spectroscope; The ball-type prism reference point of 26-base stake A type; The following ball-type prism reference point of 27-base stake Type B; The last ball-type prism reference point of 28-base stake Type B.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is made further detailed description

Like Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; The detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort involved in the present invention; Mainly form by measuring dolly (4), optical reference station (2) and base stake; Wherein measure dolly (4) and mainly comprise horizontal lock phase gauge head (10), vertical lock phase gauge head (9), self leveling plumb aligner (8), gauge laser measuring device for measuring (13), horizontal laser light range unit (7), dolly car body (11), dolly wheel track (12), power supply and driver module (5) and data and memory module (6), base stake comprises base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3).

Base stake A type (1) has a ball-type prism; Base stake Type B (3) has two vertical ball-type prisms that separate; Reference point when the ball-type prism detects as the track ride comfort; Base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3) are symmetrical in high-speed railway circuit center line; Overlap with the CPIII reference pegs and to lay; Every be provided with a pair ofly at a distance from 120 meters, and the line of assurance reference point is perpendicular to central lines of track.

Optical reference station (2) is provided with one along the central lines of track of high-speed railway is every at a distance from 120 to 360 meters, and through the geodetic coordinates of geodetic survey demarcation optics datum station, once demarcate every half a year; Also can fixedly lay, come to measure in real time the geodetic coordinates of optics datum station (2) through the GPS device with the GPS device.

Detection principle of the present invention is following:

1, straightness accuracy detects principle

As shown in Figure 3, survey mark is expressed as G, and reference point is expressed as S ₁And S ₂, survey mark G is to reference point S ₁Distance table be shown L ₁, survey mark G is to reference point S ₂Distance table be shown L ₂, reference point S ₁And S ₂Distance table be shown 2d, survey mark G is to reference point S ₁And S ₂The distance table of line be shown L, survey mark G relative datum point S ₁And S ₂The offset-lists of center line be shown δ.

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1}^2={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}^2+{(d-\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2\\ {{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}^2={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}^2+{(d+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2\end{array}\right.\&DoubleRightArrow;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_1)(L_2-L_1)=4\mathrm{d\&delta;}$

$\&DoubleRightArrow;\mathrm{\&delta;}=\frac{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_1)(L_2-L_1)}{4d}$

Because L＞＞d, L ₂+ L ₁≈ 2L

Make L ₂-L ₁=Δ L

$\&DoubleRightArrow;\mathrm{\&delta;}=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2d"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}{2d}\mathrm{\&Delta;L}$ Formula (1)

In the formula: d: reference point S ₁And S ₂Distance to its center line

L: survey mark G is to reference point S ₁And S ₂The distance of line

L ₁: survey mark G is to reference point S ₁Distance

L ₂: survey mark G is to reference point S ₂Distance

δ: survey mark G relative datum point S ₁And S ₂The side-play amount of center line

Δ L: survey mark G is to reference point S ₁And S ₂Range difference

Promptly can be through directly measuring survey mark G to reference point S ₁And S ₂Range difference, come to obtain indirectly survey mark G relative datum point S ₁And S ₂The side-play amount of center line, if survey mark G is along reference point S ₁And S ₂Centerline direction move, then measure the straightness accuracy of survey mark G mobile route.

Therefore the certainty of measurement of straightness accuracy depends on that survey mark G is to reference point S ₁And S ₂The certainty of measurement of range difference Δ L, the present invention adopts double-frequency laser than contraposition phase method measuring distance difference Δ L.

2, double-frequency laser is than contraposition phase method principle

As shown in Figure 4; Two-frequency laser (14) sends a branch of left-handed and right-circularly polarized light that contains two different frequencies; Through becoming the mutually perpendicular linearly polarized light of direction of vibration behind the quarter wave plate (15); Through a part of light reflection in spectroscope (25) back; Go up the formation photo-beat at analyzer (16), be detected device (17) and receive; After the transmission of another part light through collimating and beam expanding system (18); Pass through polarization beam splitter prism (19) again; Two different linearly polarized lights of the mutually perpendicular frequency of direction of vibration are separated from each other; Separately latter two linearly polarized light passes through quarter wave plate (15) respectively; Become left-handed and right-circularly polarized light, after the mirror that is reflected (21) reflection through Amici prism (23) outgoing; Speculum (21) is installed on the turntable (20), is rotated by motor-driven turntable (20), changes the shooting angle of outgoing beam, connects two turntables with driving-belt, thereby realizes in the measuring process dual-beam symmetrical scanning and tracking to base stake.The circularly polarized light of outgoing arrives the ball-type prism back reflection on the base stake; Return along original optical path; Pass through quarter wave plate (15) once more and become linearly polarized light,, be imaged on the probe (17) through going up the formation photo-beat at analyzer (16) after the reflection of isosceles right-angle prism D I-90 ° (24).Compare the Strength Changes waveform of the photo-beat that reference beam and measuring beam produce with phase discriminator, can obtain the range difference between survey mark to two reference point.

Use E ₁The complex amplitude of representing a branch of polarised light, its angular frequency ω ₁Expression, its wave number k ₁Expression, this light beam is shown Z from the distance table that survey mark is transmitted into ball-type prism on the base stake ₁Use E ₂The complex amplitude of representing another bundle polarised light, its angular frequency ω ₂Expression, its wave number k ₂Expression, its wavelength λ ₂Expression, this light beam is shown Z from the distance table that survey mark is transmitted into ball-type prism on the base stake ₂Represent the synthetic complex amplitude of two-beam with E, represent its synthetic light intensity, use the t express time with I.

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="E"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">E</figure-callout>}}_1=A\cos ({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{1}t-2k_1{Z}_1)\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="E"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">E</figure-callout>}}_2=A\cos ({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{2}t-{2k}_2{Z}_2)\end{array}\right.$

Z ₂-Z ₁＝ΔL

$E={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="E"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">E</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="E"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">E</figure-callout>}}_2=\cos ({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{1}t-2k_1{Z}_1)+\cos [{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{2}t-{2k}_2{Z}_2]$

$=2A\cos [\frac{({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1+{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2)t}{2}-({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_1+k_2)Z_1-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}]\cos [\frac{({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2)t}{2}-(k_1-k_2){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}]$ Formula (2)

In the formula: A: amplitude

Δ L: range difference

$I={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="E"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">E</figure-callout>}}^2={4\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}^2{\cos }^2[\frac{({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1+{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2)t}{2}-({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_1+k_2)Z_1-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}]{\cos }^2[\frac{({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2)t}{2}-(k_1-k_2){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}]$

$=M{\cos }^2[\frac{({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2)t}{2}-(k_1-k_2){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}]$

$=\frac{M}{2}(1+\cos [({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_2)t-2(k_1-k_2){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1+{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HSA00000492610100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}\left]\right)$ Formula (3)

Where:

said it could not be part of the photodetector response

Photodetector can respond to the light intensity wave number

the formula (3) of the latter reflects the change of the optical beat.The resolution capability of phase discriminator is generally 0.5 °, calculates the precision of double-frequency laser than contraposition phase method measuring distance difference:

When we adopt the He-Ne laser instrument, get λ ₂=632.8nm, then Δ L=0.44nm has reached very high certainty of measurement.

3, the track ride comfort detects principle

Laterally lock phase gauge head (11) and vertical lock mutually gauge head (9) employing double-frequency laser come measuring distance poor than contraposition phase method, and calculate the bias of gauge head relative datum dot center line.

As shown in Figure 5; Laterally lock phase gauge head (11) can be measured the ball-type prism reference point (26) of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) to base stake A type (1); With horizontal lock mutually gauge head (11) to the range difference of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of base stake Type B (3); Substitution formula (1) can be in the hope of laterally locking phase gauge head (11) transversal displacement of central lines of track relatively; Measure dolly (4) orbital motion; Then can solve the horizontal irregularity of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) through the lateral shift data of match every bit.

Vertical lock phase gauge head (9) can be measured vertical lock phase gauge head (9) to the last ball-type prism reference point (28) of base stake Type B (3) and the range difference of following ball-type prism reference point (27); Utilize the formula (1) can be in the hope of the vertical side-play amount of vertical lock phase gauge head (9) with respect to last ball-type prism reference point (28) and following ball-type prism reference point (27) center line; Measure dolly (4) orbital motion; Then can solve the vertical irregularity of vertical lock phase gauge head (9) through the lateral shift data of match every bit.

Self leveling plumb aligner (8) can provide the quasi-optical line that hangs down; Extract the geodetic coordinates information at optical reference station (2); And comprise laser ranging function; Can measure the vertical distance of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) to optical reference station (2); Thereby calculate the geodetic coordinates of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11); Further utilize the geometrical relationship of the rigid structures of measuring dolly (4), solve the value of dolly coordinate system under geodetic coordinates.At first adjust during measurement and measure dolly (4), make self leveling plumb aligner (8) sight optical reference station (2), extract its geodetic coordinates information, as the starting point of measuring.

Gauge laser ranging system (13) is used to measure gauge; And measure the lateral separation of left and right sides track to the dolly coordinate system; Horizontal laser light range unit (7) is used to measure the vertical distance of left and right sides track tread to the dolly coordinate system; The horizontal irregularity data that record in conjunction with horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) and vertical lock be the vertical irregularity data that record of gauge head (9) mutually; Calculate the horizontal irregularity and the vertical irregularity of track; Thereby reflect the space irregularity state of track fully truly, further can deal with data obtain gauge; Level (superelevation); Rail is to (versed sine); Just; Orbit geometry parameters such as twist irregularity.

4, the certainty of measurement of track irregularity is calculated

When we whenever are provided with a pair of base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3) at a distance from 120 meters; And the ball-type prism reference point (26) of base stake A type is 13 meters to the distance of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of base stake Type B; When the vertical distance of following ball-type prism reference point (27) of the last ball-type prism reference point (28) of base stake Type B and base stake Type B is 1 meter; Suppose the distance L=120m of survey mark to the line of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of the ball-type prism reference point (26) of base stake A type and base stake Type B, utilize formula (1) can in the hope of:

Transverse Irregularity measurement accuracy:

Vertical Irregularity measurement accuracy:

In the formula: 2d ₁=13m, the ball-type prism reference point (26) of expression base stake A type is to the distance of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of base stake Type B

2d ₂=1m, the last ball-type prism reference point (28) of expression base stake Type B and the vertical distance of following ball-type prism reference point (27) of base stake Type B

Δ L=0.44nm, the expression double-frequency laser is than the precision of contraposition phase method measuring distance difference

Claims (8)

1. the detection method of a high speed railway track ride comfort; It is characterized in that: form by measuring dolly (4), optical reference station (2) and base stake; Wherein measure dolly (4) and mainly comprise horizontal lock phase gauge head (10), vertical lock phase gauge head (9), self leveling plumb aligner (8), gauge laser measuring device for measuring (13), horizontal laser light range unit (7), dolly car body (11), dolly wheel track (12), power supply and driver module (5) and data and memory module (6), base stake comprises base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3).

2. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described base stake A type (1) has a ball-type prism; Base stake Type B (3) has two vertical ball-type prisms that separate; Reference point when the ball-type prism detects as the track ride comfort; Base stake A type (1) and base stake Type B (3) are symmetrical in high-speed railway circuit center line, overlap with the CPIII reference pegs and lay.

3. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described optical reference station (2) whenever is provided with one at a distance from 120 to 360 meters along the central lines of track of high-speed railway; Through the geodetic coordinates of geodetic survey demarcation optics datum station, once demarcate every half a year; Optical reference station (2) also can fixedly be laid with the GPS device, comes to measure in real time the geodetic coordinates of optics datum station (2) through the GPS device.

4. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) and vertical lock gauge head (9) mutually adopt double-frequency laser to come measuring distance poor than contraposition phase method; Calculate the bias of gauge head relative datum dot center line, and can scan and follow the tracks of base stake.

5. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described self leveling plumb aligner (8) can provide the quasi-optical line that hangs down; Extract the geodetic coordinates information at optical reference station (2); And comprise laser ranging function; Can measure the vertical distance of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) to optical reference station (2); Thereby calculate the geodetic coordinates of horizontal lock phase gauge head (11); Further utilize the geometrical relationship of measuring dolly (4) rigid structures, solve the value of dolly coordinate system under geodetic coordinates.

6. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described gauge laser ranging system (13) is used to measure gauge; And measure the lateral separation of left and right sides track to the dolly coordinate system; Horizontal laser light range unit (7) is used to measure the vertical distance of left and right sides track tread to the dolly coordinate system; The horizontal irregularity data that record in conjunction with horizontal lock phase gauge head (11) and vertical lock be the vertical irregularity data that record of gauge head (9) mutually; Calculate the horizontal irregularity and the vertical irregularity of track, further can deal with data obtain gauge; Level (superelevation); Rail is to (versed sine); Just; Orbit geometry parameters such as twist irregularity.

7. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1 is characterized in that: can be applied to high accuracy overlength track straight line degree measurement, the deformation monitoring of large-scale dam, accurate measurement fields such as the maintenance of underground railway track and detection.

8. the detection method of a kind of high speed railway track ride comfort according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the testing process, the horizontal irregularity of track and vertical irregularity are calculated by formula (4) and formula (5) respectively,

In the formula: δ ₁: the horizontal irregularity of track

δ ₂: the vertical irregularity of track

2d ₁: the ball-type prism reference point (26) of base stake A type is to the distance of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of base stake Type B

2d ₂: the vertical distance of following ball-type prism reference point (27) of the last ball-type prism reference point (28) of base stake Type B and base stake Type B

L: survey mark is to the distance of the line of the following ball-type prism reference point (27) of the ball-type prism reference point (26) of base stake A type and base stake Type B

Δ L: the range difference that double-frequency laser is measured than contraposition phase method

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