CN102297513A - Highly efficient energy-saving environmentally-friendly integrated boiler - Google Patents
Highly efficient energy-saving environmentally-friendly integrated boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102297513A CN102297513A CN201110042962XA CN201110042962A CN102297513A CN 102297513 A CN102297513 A CN 102297513A CN 201110042962X A CN201110042962X A CN 201110042962XA CN 201110042962 A CN201110042962 A CN 201110042962A CN 102297513 A CN102297513 A CN 102297513A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a highly efficient energy-saving environmentally-friendly integrated boiler, which is developed mainly to solve the problems of low efficiency and grave pollution of coal burning boilers. Swirl pulverized coal burner has dual adjustable functions, and are therefore adapted to burning multiple types of coal, and even meager coal and brown coal can be stable at as low as 40% load. The new technology of supergravity dust removal and desulphurization not only greatly improves the efficiency of dust removal and desulphurization, but also needs small volume and low cost of investment. More importantly, the key advantage of the supergravity technology is high efficiency of mass transfer. While the technology is applied to dust removal and desulphurization, circulating water is used as heat-conducting medium for full mass heat exchange, vacuum heat-pipe exchanger is utilized as a substitute for traditional superheater, and coal economizer and air preheater are employed for waste heat recovery. Therefore, the full mass heat exchanger has very fast speed and high efficiency, thus being nearly imcomparable. The new integrated boiler provided by the invention not only is up to first-class standards of environment protection, but also has high boiler heat efficiency, which can reach 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-burning boiler, especially relate to a kind of boiler that has the one burning powder of dust-removal and desulfurizing equipment.
Technical background
China is to be one of main energy sources consumption a few countries with coal.China is developing power, the boiler tonnage of China is on average less than four tons, and corollary equipment is quite backward, therefore China is main energy sources consumption with the combustion raw coal always, and the categories of coal of China is assorted, granularity little (45%-55%) is less than three millimeters, and ash big (average 26%-28%) sulfur content height (average 1.1%-1.2%), and this coal is not fit to the grate furnace burning.And our boiler 90% is a grate furnace, therefore causes the coal leakage rate height.The handwarmer coal leakage rate in past is up to 15%-20%.Through having used V-type stoker instead.Replaced the low fire grate of old-fashioned performance with the good fire grate of up-to-date performance.Mainly be low traveling-grate stoker of runout rate and popularizing and using toward multiple bank.Further reduced the runout rate, leaked coal and got off, but also brought some new problems, fire grate occurred easily by problems such as scaling loss.Have to and study novel dnockout core formula bulk fire grate.The obstruction of air vent can be prevented, coal leakage rate can be further reduced again.Fire grate structure has very big influence to the efficient of fuel combustion, key reaction is on the after-flame degree of size of leaking coal and slag, and the size of coal leakage rate also influences the selection of leaking the coal reset mode in the chain exhaust air box, thereby to the structure of air compartment with wind rate etc. is influential with great concentration.Everything depends on the percentage of air passage of grate surface, the shape of vent aperture and size.On the other hand, because fire grate is the high temperature movement parts, be heated and stressed, thereby it also exists an integrity problem.According to statistics, in the accident of boiler operatiopn, the fire grate accident accounts for about half.It is big more that fire grate changes investment.The many more thermals efficiency of accident improve little.The present boiler thermal output of China has only 60%-65%.Than the low 15%-20% of developed country, inefficiency not only, and also seriously polluted.Particularly Industrial Boiler is to be only second to the second largest pollution sources of boiler of power plant, because it is the low latitude discharging, it is the first killer in city, has seriously influenced the sustainable economic development of China.
Why not interchangeable one change the mode of thinking, abandon the grate furnace combustion system that is not suitable for China's national situation?
Summary of the invention
At the problem that China's boiler exists at present, the purpose of invention is exactly the one boiler that a kind of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly will be provided, the boiler thermal output height, and the efficient of dust-removal and desulfurizing is also high, the boiler that cost of investment and operating cost are low again.Change the situation that China's boiler falls behind, adapt to the needs of China's sustainable economic development.
Technical scheme
In order to guarantee that goal of the invention realizes that we catch two targets:
The one, improve the burn-off rate of coal dust, thereby improve efficiency of combustion.
The 2nd, flue gas waste heat recovery is utilized as far as possible.To improve the thermal efficiency.
Concrete technical scheme: our high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly one boiler comprises: two adjustable vortex burners, and the phase transition of vacuum heat pipe boiler, multilayer strengthened mass transfer high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine three parts are formed.It is characterized in that: described two adjustable vortex burners, it is a barrel-like structure, skin is provided with metal shell, and the inside outside to inside layer is a heat-insulation layer, and secondary wind preliminary heating zone the inside is a refractory masses, in refractory masses, be provided with secondary air channel, secondary air channel communicates with the combustion chamber of burner, and every group of airduct is made up of two branch wind pipes, an airduct that is perpendicular to the axis of burner, another is the airduct that certain top rake is arranged with burner axis.In order to prevent that secondary air channel from having burned device when stuffy to burn out, two branch wind pipes unite two into one when entering the combustion chamber, and a wind of burner is that an airduct by burner top cover center blows into.An airduct center of top cover does not have wind levelling pull bar, and the top of pull bar (this head that joins with the combustion chamber) is provided with blunt type, and an airduct of top cover outside is bent downwardly with underground fan mill and is connected.Minimumly on airduct between fan mill and the top cover once be flexible coupling.Described phase change vacuum boiler, it is characterized in that: heat of transformation pipe boiler dead ahead is connected with the spout of burner, both sides at boiler furnace do not have water-cooling wall, top communicates with shell, the water-cooling wall bottom communicates with header, between the combustion chamber of boiler and stove hall, there is not the phase transformation heat pipe, heat pipe top radiating end is inserted with in the shell, the bottom heat absorbing end is above the combustion chamber, in order to improve the coal dust burn-off rate, 1/3 place is provided with the chimney arch that prolongs burner nozzle before the stove hall, be provided with the smoke backflow hole in order to reduce NOX at the root of chimney arch, so that the smoke backflow of 15%-20%, at burner nozzle, reach when oxygen is full to close state, because smoke backflow causes anaerobic condition again, make flue gas keep the growing amount of burning reduction NOX between the 900-1100 degree always, about 60%-70%, the multilayer strengthened dedusting and desulfurizing machine of mass transfer hypergravity, be located at the afterbody of Phase transformation boiler stove hall burner, at first pass through ring-like liquid-jet device cleaning dust desulfurization, enter hypergravity machine then and strengthen the mass transfer dust-removal and desulfurizing, on the power transmission shaft of filler, be provided with mouth spray, also do not prevent the baffle plate of gas-liquid short circuit at the rear portion of packing layer, front portion at the multilayer filler, be respectively equipped with ring-like sealing plate, be provided with the phase transition of vacuum heat exchange of heat pipe with superheater for boiler on the top of multilayer filler, economizer, air preheater is in the bottom of overweight dedusting and desulfurizing machine, also do not go up water preheater in the recirculated water, communicate with the lower collecting box of the stove hall of boiler.The high recovery waste heat of trying one's best.At the afterbody of dedusting and desulfurizing machine, also be provided with rotating spraying moisture trap and silk screen, moisture trap, in dedusting and desulfurizing machine and back-end ductwork, anticorrosion with painting erosion organosilicon and organic fluorine coating and rubber.The cigarette temperature need not rise heat again, to cut down the consumption of energy.
Useful benefit
Detect by experiment to prove this high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly one boiler, have following some advantage:
One, the thermal efficiency improves greatly, and the general industrial boiler thermal output also can be up to about 90%, and this main cause has 3 points:
One, new vortex burner, because coal leakage rate is zero, improved the burn-off rate of coal greatly, again because new coal burner has increased the chimney arch of stove hall, make burning not under the interference of water-cooling wall, further improved burn-off rate, improve 2%-3% approximately, add the air capacity of vortex burner, well below grate furnace, be lower than more than 25%, in addition, the blower fan power consumption also reduces greatly, and the heat waste of main is flue gas is that boiler accounts for 70%-80%, we just reduce 3%-4% as long as reclaim half.
Two, environmental-protecting performance improves greatly, and new two adjustable spiral-flow powdered coal burning is cried, and is by the oxygen supply of secondary air separating machine, greatly reduce NOX, generate, in the stove hall, added arch, root at arch is established the smoke backflow hole, burner is further generated suppress gas part, burner becomes the burner of genuine environmental protection, adds multilayer strengthened overweight dedusting and desulfurizing machine, because mass-transfer efficiency height, make second model machine through detecting, just reach efficiency of dust collection 99.3%, desulfuration efficiency 84.4%.
Three, owing to adopted the dust-removal and desulfurizing equipment of hypergravity new technology, so highlighted second characteristic of high-gravity technology, equipment volume is especially little, and the dust-removal and desulfurizing equipment that we do has only 1/tens to 1/tens of existing type equipment.Equipment cost has only part to 1/tens, it is little really to have volume, take up an area of and lack, invest and the low characteristics of operating cost, utilize the efficient mass transfer characteristics of high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine simultaneously, utilize the recirculated water of high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing to do heat transferring medium, really accomplish to kill two birds with one stone, do not need again invested more, just can be waste heat recovery, and solved the stifled ash of burn into flue that traditional superheater, economizer, air preheater bring, with the world-famous puzzle that causes boiler to stop.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly integral pot furnace structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is a secondary ventilating regulator structural representation
Among Fig. 11, two adjustable vortex burner; 2, phase transition of vacuum heat pipe boiler; 3, multilayer strengthened biography is held high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine; 4, burner metal shell; 5, heat-insulation layer; 6, air preheat layer; 7, refractory masses; 8, secondary air channel, 8-1 are perpendicular to the airduct of burner axis, and 8-2 is the airduct that top rake is arranged with burner axis; 9, burner top cover; 10, airduct of burner; 11, wind adjusting rod of burner; 12, blunt type; 13, the combustion chamber of burner; 14, secondary blower; 15 phase change vacuum boiler halls; 16, water-cooling wall; 17, shell; 18, boiler lower collecting box; 19, the ring-like mouth spray of dedusting and desulfurizing machine; 20, rotor filler; 21, the Fabric liquid device on the line shaft; 22, the fixing seal plate of every layer of high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine front; 23, the anti-air water short circuit baffle plate of the synchronous rotation behind the filler; 24, rotating spraying moisture trap; 25, silk screen moisture trap; 26, ventilating regulator; 27, smoke backflow hole; 28, the chimney arch in the stove hall; 29, (1,2,3) vaccum phase conversion heat exchanger; 30, anti-sandstone beater plate; Water preheater on 31; 32, fan mill
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment:
The specific embodiment is an example with the Industrial Boiler: see a kind of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly one of Fig. 1 boiler by three the part form: 1, two adjustable coal dust firings are clamored, and it is a barrel-like structure, there is metal shell (4) outside, the inside is respectively equipped with heat-insulation layer (5), the inside is a secondary wind preliminary heating zone (6), the inside is refractory material (7), in refractory masses, be provided with secondary air channel (8), secondary air channel is made up of two pipes, one is perpendicular to burner axis webmaster (8-1), airduct is to have the airduct (8-2) of certain top rake to form with burner axis for the second time, in order to prevent that the combustion chamber from having a branch wind pipe not have air cooling to cause airduct to burn out, so two pipes synthetic airduct (8) when entering combustion chamber (13), burner top cover (9) center is provided with airduct one time, be provided with the wind adjusting rod one time at an airduct center, top at adjusting lever is provided with the metallic blunt type near this head of combustion chamber, one time the airduct other end has fan mill (32) to ground, burner is added the adjustment of secondary wind through a wind adjustment and just can be adapted to multiple burning of coal like this, burn low the bearing of meager coal and brown coal exactly and be incorporated into 40%, also can smooth combustion, cutoff can not appear, the flame-out generation, this burner is the environment-friendly type burner, secondary wind is pressed the tangent line extension set by the outside of shell and is got involved, itself be exactly to be in the anaerobic condition burning, to the spout of clamoring that burns, secondary wind all is blown into and just reaches the full state that closes, but owing to established chimney arch in the boiler, having established the smoke backflow hole again at the root of chimney arch makes the 15%-20% smoke backflow cause burner to continue anaerobic condition, so burner keeps 900 ℃ of-1100 ℃ of low-temperature burnings always, so boiler combustion reduces NOX growing amount 60%-70%, owing in the stove hall, be provided with chimney arch, reduced the interference of combustion process water-cooling wall, so the coal dust burn-off rate can improve 1%-2%, in boiler stove hall except that water-cooling wall, also established the phase transition of vacuum heat pipe of high speed heat conduction in the bottom of shell, make the boiler heat exchange, heat absorption increases quick, better effects if, flue gas enters the high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine of afterbody by the stove hall, at first enter ring-like spraying, washing can be removed a large amount of dust and SO
2Enter multilayer strengthened mass transfer high efficiency dedusting and desulfurizing machine then and carry out dust-removal and desulfurizing, owing to be provided with the heat of transformation heat exchange of heat pipe of waste heat recovery on dedusting and desulfurizing machine top, with the circulation fluid is that medium carries out full heat exchange, so not only thoroughly solved the difficult problem that the flue gas structure is stopped up, and the heat exchange mass transfer is fast especially, the upper hose preheater that the hot water that falls is arranged on again in the recirculated water reclaims, and in the dust-removal and desulfurizing face heat exchanger is set, and does heat-conducting medium with recirculated water, efficient height not only, and equipment is little, does not need more investment, and has reduced the cigarette temperature, more help desulfurization, we do organosilicon in dedusting and desulfurizing machine and flue and Organic fluoride is anticorrosion, and flue gas does not need to heat up again, waste heat energy, reduce the waste heat loss so greatly, particularly the loss of power plant's cauldron flue gas accounts for the 70%-80% of whole heat wastes.It is just considerable to reclaim half.
Claims (4)
1. the one pulverized-coal fired boiler of a high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly.It comprises: two adjustable turbulent burners (1), and phase transition of vacuum heat pipe boiler (2) and multilayer strengthened mass transfer high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine (3), three parts are formed; It is characterized in that: two adjustable coal burners that revolve are barrel-like structures, it is provided with metal shell (4), nexine is respectively: heat-insulation layer (5), secondary wind preliminary heating zone (6), refractory masses (7), in refractory masses, be provided with secondary air channel (8), secondary air channel (8) is made up of two branch wind pipes, the airduct (8-1) of an axis that is perpendicular to burner (1) and another are the axis with burner (1), there is certain forward leaning angle (8-2) airduct to form, at two branch wind pipes (8-1) (8-2), with the place of communicating, combustion chamber (13) of burner (1) unite two into one (8), top cover (9) center in burner (1) does not have an airduct (10), be provided with a wind at the center of an airduct (10) and regulate stalk (11), be provided with blunt type on the top (in the porch that enters the combustion chamber) of adjusting rod, downward at an airduct of the other end (10) of an airduct, be connected with underground fan mill (32), on the airduct (10) between fan mill (32) and the burner, have at least once to be flexible coupling; The stove hall (15) of described phase change vacuum boiler (2) faces the spout of the combustion chamber (13) of burner (1), axis both sides at Lu Tang (15), be provided with cold water wall (16), water-cooling wall top communicates with furnace shell (17), water-cooling wall (16) bottom communicates with water-inlet header (18), top in Lu Tang (15), the shell bottom is inserted with the phase transition of vacuum heat pipe, the radiating end of shell the inside and below shell heat absorbing end can be provided with fin respectively; Described multilayer strengthened mass transfer high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine (3) is located at the afterbody of boiler (3) stove hall (15), import department is provided with ring-like atomizer (19) at high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine (3), and then be the ground floor rotor filler (20) of high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine (3), be provided with Fabric liquid device (21) at the line shaft center, the outer rotor filler (20) of Fabric liquid device, every layer of rotor filler front portion all is provided with fixing ring-like sealing plate (22), the baffle plate (23) that the anti-air water short circuit of the common running of one deck and filler is all arranged at the rear portion of rotor filler, at the afterbody of multilayer strengthened mass transfer dedusting and desulfurizing machine, be provided with rotation water spray air water current divider (24) and silk screen air water current divider (25).
2. require 1 described two adjustable sulphur coal burners (1) that revolve according to patent right, also have a key character to be the secondary ventilating regulator, manufacture and design according to following method, at the air intlet place of adjuster, at first being provided with BC is the air regulating board of axle, and AB is pushed into A when adjusting lever
1During the position of B, air regulating board DE lifts to D
1E
1The position, like this by D
1E
1, E
2D
2The wind of coming in all flows in spaced four air channels, bottom, enters in secondary wind preliminary heating zone and the passage perpendicular to burner axis corresponding (8-1), when needs adjusting rod is pulled to A
2The B position, air regulating board is lowered into E like this
2D
2Position, air all enter top four passages at interval, and these four passages have the airduct (8-2) at certain inclination angle to communicate with the secondary air channel burner axis.
3. phase transition of vacuum heat pipe boiler according to claim 1 also has important being characterised in that: the combustion chamber (13) that connects burner in the place ahead of stove hall to 1/3 to 2/5 place of stove hall is provided with chimney arch (28) and is provided with smoke backflow hole (27) at the root of chimney arch, can make the smoke backflow of 15%-20% through return port.
4. multilayer strengthened mass transfer high gravity dedusting and desulfurizing machine feature according to claim 1 also is: also be provided with a plurality of phase transition of vacuum heat exchange of heat pipes (29-1) (29-2) (29-3) on the top of dedusting and desulfurizing machine, in order to waste-heat recovery devices such as the superheater that substitutes existing boiler, economizer, air preheaters, between phase transition of vacuum heat exchange of heat pipe and dedusting and desulfurizing machine, also be provided with the anti-scuff panel (30) that hits, in the recirculated water of the bottom of dedusting and desulfurizing machine, also be provided with the water inlet pipe preheater and communicate with header below the boiler.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110042962XA CN102297513A (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Highly efficient energy-saving environmentally-friendly integrated boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110042962XA CN102297513A (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Highly efficient energy-saving environmentally-friendly integrated boiler |
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| CN102297513A true CN102297513A (en) | 2011-12-28 |
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| CN201110042962XA Pending CN102297513A (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Highly efficient energy-saving environmentally-friendly integrated boiler |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105674565A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-06-15 | 无锡市沈能节能锅炉股份有限公司 | Burner front wall of wet type heat carrier furnace |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1386180A (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-12-18 | 巴布考克日立株式会社 | Solid fuel burner and combustion method using solid fuel burner |
| CN2531246Y (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-01-15 | 薛碧 | Plug-in plate type adjustable cyclone coal burner |
| CN101482265A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-15 | 上海题桥纺织染纱有限公司 | Low NOX dry ash extraction coal powder burner |
| CN101629718A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-20 | 武蕾 | Low-nitrogen-oxide multi-tube axial eddy pulverized-coal burner |
| JP2010249362A (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-11-04 | Ihi Corp | Burner |
-
2011
- 2011-02-23 CN CN201110042962XA patent/CN102297513A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1386180A (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-12-18 | 巴布考克日立株式会社 | Solid fuel burner and combustion method using solid fuel burner |
| CN2531246Y (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-01-15 | 薛碧 | Plug-in plate type adjustable cyclone coal burner |
| CN101629718A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-20 | 武蕾 | Low-nitrogen-oxide multi-tube axial eddy pulverized-coal burner |
| CN101482265A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-15 | 上海题桥纺织染纱有限公司 | Low NOX dry ash extraction coal powder burner |
| JP2010249362A (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-11-04 | Ihi Corp | Burner |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105674565A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-06-15 | 无锡市沈能节能锅炉股份有限公司 | Burner front wall of wet type heat carrier furnace |
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Application publication date: 20111228 |