CN102294148A - Filtering medium for removing disinfection by-products in drinking water and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Filtering medium for removing disinfection by-products in drinking water and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102294148A CN102294148A CN2011101625779A CN201110162577A CN102294148A CN 102294148 A CN102294148 A CN 102294148A CN 2011101625779 A CN2011101625779 A CN 2011101625779A CN 201110162577 A CN201110162577 A CN 201110162577A CN 102294148 A CN102294148 A CN 102294148A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filtering medium for removing disinfection by-products in drinking water and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: a) mixing the raw materials of silver loaded activated carbon powder, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene powder, activated zeolite powder and a gas generation agent according to a weight ratio of 80-300:100-400:60-200:50-150; b) pressing obtained mixture in step a) in a die, and carrying out sintering and cooling. The prepared filtering medium has high efficiency in removing disinfection by-products in water, is applicable to drinking water contaminated by the disinfection by-products, enables damage of the disinfection by-products to human bodies to be eliminated, and has the advantages of simple and convenient application and low cost; furthermore, since the filtering medium is a filter core instead of powder, subsequent treatment is not needed, and therefore, the filtering medium is applicable to household terminal drinking water treatment. According to detection, the removal rate of disinfection by-products in water by the filtering medium is more than 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of filter medium of removing DBPs bromo haloform and bromo halogen acetic acid in the drinking water and preparation method thereof, the filter core, the water purifying plant and drinking Fountains that constitute by this filter medium.
Background technology
Have a spot of bromide in the natural water, along with the discharging of seawater invasion and oil field brackish water, industrial wastewater pollution and gasoline additive methylene bromide, agricultural chemicals bromomethane agrochemical all can make the bromide concentration in the water increase.Usually bromide content is very little in the water body, itself is not very big to the harm of human body, but bromide can generate multiple DBPs with disinfectant generation chemical reaction in drinking water sterilizing process, health is constituted potential threat, volatility haloform (THMs) and difficult volatility halogen acetic acid (HAAs) are the main DBPs of two big classes, wherein bromo haloform (bromo THMs) and bromo halogen acetic acid (bromo HAAs), harm than chloro haloform and chloro halogen acetic acid is bigger, has tangible teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenesis and genetoxic, its restriction in drinking water should cause enough attention.
To desalinize seawater or coastal city underground water is done the waterworks at water source during seawater traces back, chloro THMs increases several times than usual in its output water, and bromo THMs can increase up to ten thousand times, for example some areas of London, Middle East and Australia, area, Huanghua, China Cangzhou, area, Chongming, Shanghai, Zhongshan city, Macao, Zhuhai City etc.
Use O
3Oxidizing process can reduce the generation of haloform, but O
3Can increase the generation of bromo haloform to the bromide ion oxidation; Coagulation process can adsorb the precursor organic matter of THMs, but the effect of removal bromide is not really desirable, and the ratio of bromo trihalid in the DBPs is increased; Counter-infiltration counter-infiltration cost is higher, needs a large amount of electric energy and water, and concentrate is difficult to handle, and easily produces secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides a kind of filter medium and preparation method thereof, and this filter medium also provides the filter core, purifier and the water dispenser that are made of this filter medium to the clearance height of the DBPs in the drinking water.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of filter medium that is used for removing the drinking water DBPs comprises the steps:
A) raw material that will comprise active carbon loading silver powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, active zeolite powder and gas generation agent mixes, and the weight ratio of described active carbon loading silver powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, active zeolite powder and gas generation agent is: 80～300: 100～400: 60～200: 50～150;
B) mixture of step a) gained is suppressed sintering, cooling in mould.
As preferably, the weight ratio of described active carbon loading silver powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, active zeolite powder and gas generation agent is: 120～250: 200～300: 100～180: 80～120.
Pressing pressure is 0.4MPa～1.0MPa, and sintering temperature is 200 ℃～300 ℃, and sintering time is 120 minutes～150 minutes, is cooled to 40 ℃～60 ℃ demouldings behind the sintering.In this manufacturing process, after inventor's test many times, draw the filter medium of in 200 ℃～300 ℃, producing in sintering range, filter effect is better.
Active carbon is a kind of porous carbon adsorbent, and it has as cellular abundant pore structure, huge specific area, special surface functional group, stable physics and chemical property, is good adsorbent, catalyst or catalyst carrier.Can be divided into wood activated charcoal according to raw material sources different activities charcoal, as cocoanut active charcoal, apricot shell active carbon, wooden burgy etc.; The mineral raw material active carbon is the active carbon that raw material is made as various coals and oil and elaboration products thereof; The active carbon that other raw material is made, the active carbon of making as scrap rubber, waste plastics etc.The specific area of preferred active carbon is not less than 500 meters squared per gram, more preferably is not less than 1000 meters squared per gram.
Active carbon loading silver advances Ag ion exchange the micropore of active carbon, in conjunction with the adsorption capacity of active carbon and the oxidisability of silver, not only water pollutant there is suction-operated, the effect that also has oxidation can bactericidal, remove peculiar smell in the water, decompose poisonous and harmful substances such as bromo haloform, bromo halogen acetic acid.As preferably, the active carbon loading silver powder directly is 74 μ m～104 μ m.
Described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is a weight average molecular weight greater than 1,000,000 polyethylene, and preferred particle diameter is 89 μ m～104 μ m.Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene can obtain from domestic production producer, and the product of M-I type (molecular weight is 150 ± 500,000), M-II type (molecular weight is 250 ± 500,000), M-III type (molecular weight is 350 ± 500,000), M-IV type specifications such as (molecular weight are greater than 4,000,000) can be provided as Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be.An effect of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is bonding and the effect that forms the filter medium skeleton, because the molecular weight of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is big, melt viscosity is very high, fusion can not be flowed later, so utilize ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene to pass through compacting, the filter medium that sintering obtains forms micropore easily, can play the effect of DBPs in the adsorbed water.
Natural zeolite is the general name of moisture porous silicate, its crystalline texture mainly is to be made of silicon-oxy tetrahedron, wherein part tetravalence silicon ion is replaced by trivalent aluminium ion, cause the negative electrical charge surplus, the ion that therefore alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal isoequilibrium electric charge are arranged in the structure, the vestibule and the duct of certain pore size are arranged in the zeolite framework simultaneously, determined it to have character such as absorption, ion-exchange.
Natural zeolite can carry out activation processing by the acid treatment processing technology: natural zeolite is crushed to 5～80 orders, with concentration is the hydrochloric acid of 4～10wt% or sulfuric acid impregnation process 10～20 hours, in sodium carbonate or caustic alkali and the back wash, poach is 30～60 minutes again; Zeolite dehydration after will boiling at 350～580 ℃ of roasting temperatures, is crushed to needed granularity then.
Can also pass through calcine technology, with the natural zeolite roasting to temperature when enough high, the water quenching, dry then, pulverize and obtain the active zeolite powder.
In addition, natural zeolite can also modification become Na type zeolite powder, H type zeolite powder, P type zeolite powder, NH
4Type zeolite powder or faujasite powder etc.
As the preparation of P type zeolite powder, be that NaOH solution is put in 10～20 purpose zeolite ore deposits, heated 70 hours down at 95 ± 5 ℃ then.
The and for example preparation of H type zeolite powder is that natural zeolite is handled with diluted mineral acid, can be hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, makes H
+Exchange rate is at least more than 20%, and the back that is shaped is 90～110 ℃ of dryings, at last with 350～600 ℃ of temperature heat-activated.
The preparation of Na type zeolite powder is for another example handled zeolite with excessive sodium salt, as sodium chloride, and sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate etc. make Na
+Exchange rate at least more than 75%, the back that is shaped is 90～110 ℃ of dryings, at last with 350～600 ℃ of temperature heat-activated.
After the activated processing of natural zeolite, can remove impurity contained in the mineral and DDGS, in mineral structure, etch abundant hole and vestibule, increase its contact area, thus character such as the absorption of raising zeolite, ion-exchange.
As preferably, described activated zeolite powder is for through acid-treated using natural clinoptilolite powder.
As preferably, described activated zeolite powder is for being selected from Na type zeolite powder, H type zeolite powder, P type zeolite powder, NH
4In type zeolite powder or the faujasite powder one or more.
As preferably, the particle diameter of described activated zeolite powder is 104 μ m～150 μ m.
Gas generation agent of the present invention is that a class is easily decomposed a large amount of gases of generation and caused a material of sending out the hole effect, and wherein azo compound, sodium acid carbonate, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium carbonate, sulphonyl nitrile compounds, oxalic acid etc. are its typical representatives.As preferably, gas generation agent is at least a in Celogen Az, food-grade carbonic hydroammonium, the oxalic acid.Wherein, food-grade carbonic hydroammonium also claims AMMONIUM BICARBONATE FOOD GRADE, distinguishes mutually with technical grade carbonic hydroammonium.Though technical grade carbonic hydroammonium also has the effect of sending out the hole, it may contain the impurity of insalubrity, should not be as the raw materials for production of drinking water filter medium.
The present invention has carried out comparatively detailed description for several raw materials used in the step a) among the above-mentioned preparation method, and under the collaborative adduction of these several raw materials, DBPs bromo haloform and bromo halogen acetic acid in the water can fully be adsorbed.
In the present invention, for blend step, can think that any low shear mixer or agitator that can significantly not change diameter of particle and size distribution all is suitable for, such as the agitator with blunt impeller blade, drum-type blender, spiral agitator etc., rotating speed will be decided on the type of blender, but is advisable with the dust of avoiding kicking up.
Mixed powder is filled in the pre-designed mould, and with its compacting, pressure generally is not more than 2MPa by pressurization, and adapts with the material of mould therefor; Mould can be by aluminium, cast iron, steel or any suitable material manufacturing that can bear relevant pressure and temperature.Can be in the mould inner surface release agent application, that can select silicone oil or any other for use can be adsorbed onto commercially available releasing agent on the filter medium hardly, also can use processing release paper.
The present invention also provides following technical scheme: the filter core of DBPs in a kind of removal drinking water that is made of above-mentioned filter medium.
The present invention also provides following technical scheme: a kind of purifier comprises above-mentioned filter medium or filter core.
The present invention also provides a kind of water dispenser that comprises above-mentioned purifier.
With respect to prior art, the invention has the advantages that the clearance height of the filter medium of preparation to DBPs in the water, be applicable to the drinking water that is subjected to its pollution, exempt the injury that bromo haloform and bromo halogen acetic acid produce human body, easy to use, cost is low, be filter core owing to what use in addition, not powder,, be fit to home terminal drinking-water and handle so need not subsequent treatment.This filter medium is more than 95% to the clearance of bromo haloform in the drinking water and bromo halogen acetic acid after testing.
The specific embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just to further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) take by weighing active carbon loading silver powder 200g, the particle diameter of described active carbon loading silver is 74 μ m～104 μ m, originates from five rings, Guangzhou active carbon factory;
(2) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 300g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-II type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 2,500,000;
(3) natural zeolite being crushed to 5～80 orders, is the hydrochloric acid impregnation process 15 hours of 8wt% with concentration, in sodium carbonate and the back wash, poach is 40 minutes again; Zeolite dehydration after will boiling at 400 ℃ of roasting temperatures, is crushed to 104 μ m～150 μ m then, takes by weighing made active zeolite powder 150g;
(4) take by weighing food-grade carbonic hydroammonium 80g, purity reaches more than 99.99%;
(5) above-mentioned four kinds of powder are put into the mechanical agitator stirring mixed in 10 minutes;
(6) mixed powder packing is gone in the tubular die, under the hydraulic pressure of 0.8MPa, suppress, 220 ℃ of sintering temperatures 130 minutes;
(7) naturally cool to 50 ℃ of demouldings then, promptly get the tubulose filter core of many minute apertures.
The diameter of the filter core of preparation is 50mm, and length is 200mm.
Embodiment 2:
(1) take by weighing active carbon loading silver powder 100g, the particle diameter of described active carbon loading silver is 74 μ m～104 μ m, originates from Gongyi City Yulin active carbon producer;
(2) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 150g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-III type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 3,500,000;
(3) zeolite is handled with excessive sodium chloride, the back that is shaped at last with 500 ℃ of temperature heat-activated, makes Na type zeolite powder 100 ℃ of dryings, is crushed to 104 μ m～150 μ m then, takes by weighing made Na type zeolite powder 80g;
(4) take by weighing food-grade carbonic hydroammonium 120g, purity reaches more than 99.99%;
(5) above-mentioned four kinds of powder are put into the mechanical agitator stirring mixed in 10 minutes;
(6) mixed powder packing is gone in the tubular die, under the hydraulic pressure of 0.7MPa, suppress, 250 ℃ of sintering temperatures 120 minutes;
(7) naturally cool to 60 ℃ of demouldings then, promptly get the tubulose filter core of many minute apertures.
The diameter of the filter core of preparation is 50mm, and length is 200mm.
Embodiment 3:
(1) take by weighing active carbon loading silver powder 250g, the particle diameter of described active carbon loading silver is 74 μ m～104 μ m, originates from Gongyi City Yulin active carbon producer;
(2) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 350g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-II type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 2,500,000;
(3) NaOH solution is put in 10～20 purpose zeolite ore deposits, heated 70 hours down at 95 ℃ then, make P type zeolite powder, be crushed to 104 μ m～150 μ m after the cooling, take by weighing made P type zeolite powder 160g;
(4) take by weighing Celogen Az 100g, purity reaches more than 99.99%;
(5) above-mentioned four kinds of powder are put into the mechanical agitator stirring mixed in 10 minutes;
(6) mixed powder packing is gone in the tubular die, under the hydraulic pressure of 0.6MPa, suppress, 280 ℃ of sintering temperatures 130 minutes;
(7) naturally cool to 50 ℃ of demouldings then, promptly get the tubulose filter core of many minute apertures.
The diameter of the filter core of preparation is 50mm, and length is 200mm.
Embodiment 4:
(1) take by weighing active carbon loading silver powder 300g, the particle diameter of described active carbon loading silver is 74 μ m～104 μ m, originates from five rings, Guangzhou active carbon factory;
(2) take by weighing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 380g, described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is the M-I type product of Second Factory of Auxiliary Agent of Orient Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd., Be, and its molecular weight is 1,500,000;
(3) natural zeolite is used the salt acid treatment, the back that is shaped at last with 450 ℃ of temperature heat-activated, makes H type zeolite powder 100 ℃ of dryings, is crushed to 104 μ m～150 μ m after the cooling, takes by weighing made H type zeolite powder 180g;
(4) take by weighing oxalic acid 150g, purity reaches more than 99.99%;
(5) above-mentioned four kinds of powder are put into the mechanical agitator stirring mixed in 10 minutes;
(6) mixed powder packing is gone in the tubular die, under the hydraulic pressure of 0.9MPa, suppress, 220 ℃ of sintering temperatures 150 minutes;
(7) naturally cool to 40 ℃ of demouldings then, promptly get the tubulose filter core of many minute apertures.
The diameter of the filter core of preparation is 50mm, and length is 200mm.
Embodiment 5:
Get the tubulose filter core 1 of the many minute apertures of embodiment 1～4 gained, 2,3,4, the liner two-layer nonwoven, the outsourcing two-layer nonwoven wraps polypropylene porous net at skin again, and bonding the going up in filter core two ends connects end cap, be positioned in stainless steel or the plastic casing, be used for Drinking Water, after testing, this filter core is good to the removal effect of the DBPs in the drinking water.As shown in table 1, for adopting filter core that embodiment 1～4 provides content to the bromoform before and after the drinking water treatment.
Table 1 uses the bromoform content in the water of filter core processing front and back, unit: mg/L
As can be seen from Table 1, the bromo haloform that utilizes filter core of the present invention to remove in the water has been obtained good effect, and clearance is more than 95%.
Table 2 uses the tribromoacetic acid content in the water of filter core processing front and back, unit: mg/L
As can be seen from Table 2, the bromo halogen acetic acid that utilizes filter core of the present invention to remove in the water has been obtained good effect, and clearance is more than 95%.
Therefore filter core of the present invention is good to the removal effect of DBPs in the drinking water, is fit to very much the needs of home terminal drinking water treatment.
More than filter medium that is used for removing the drinking water DBPs provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof and the filter core that is made of this filter medium are described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method of filter medium that is used for removing the drinking water DBPs is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A) raw material that will comprise active carbon loading silver powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, active zeolite powder and gas generation agent mixes, and the weight ratio of described active carbon loading silver powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, active zeolite powder and gas generation agent is: 80～300: 100～400: 60～200: 50～150;
B) mixture of step a) gained is suppressed sintering, cooling in mould.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described active carbon loading silver powder, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, active zeolite powder and gas generation agent is: 120～250: 200～300: 100～180: 80～120.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described active carbon loading silver powder directly is 74 μ m～104 μ m.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder is 89 μ m～104 μ m.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described active zeolite powder is the acid-treated using natural clinoptilolite powder of process, Na type zeolite powder, H type zeolite powder, P type zeolite powder, NH
4In type zeolite powder or the faujasite powder one or more.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described gas generation agent is at least a in Celogen Az, food-grade carbonic hydroammonium, the oxalic acid.
7. the filter medium that is used for removing the drinking water DBPs that obtains according to each described preparation method in the claim 1 to 6.
8. a filter core is characterized in that, is made of the described filter medium of claim 7.
9. a purifier is characterized in that, comprises described filter medium of claim 7 or the described filter core of claim 8.
10. a water dispenser is characterized in that, comprises the described purifier of claim 9.
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| CN2011101625779A CN102294148A (en) | 2011-06-16 | 2011-06-16 | Filtering medium for removing disinfection by-products in drinking water and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103381318A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-11-06 | 蚌埠凤凰滤清器有限责任公司 | Micropore nano-silver active filter core and preparation method thereof |
| CN104667634A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-03 | 佛山市农业总公司 | Filtering medium used for removing manganese in drinking water, filter element and preparation method |
| CN106587435A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-04-26 | 镇江华域环保设备制造有限公司 | Deep treatment process for removing toxic and side products from drinking water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103381318A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-11-06 | 蚌埠凤凰滤清器有限责任公司 | Micropore nano-silver active filter core and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104667634A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-03 | 佛山市农业总公司 | Filtering medium used for removing manganese in drinking water, filter element and preparation method |
| CN104667634B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-02-22 | 佛山市大健康产业发展有限公司 | Filtering medium used for removing manganese in drinking water, filter element and preparation method |
| CN106587435A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-04-26 | 镇江华域环保设备制造有限公司 | Deep treatment process for removing toxic and side products from drinking water |
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Application publication date: 20111228 |