CN102291856A - Internet of things gateway with multipassage and multichannel supporting effect - Google Patents
Internet of things gateway with multipassage and multichannel supporting effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open type multipassage and multichannel Internet of things gateway, which belongs to the technical field of the Internet of things technology. The open type Internet of things gateway is realized through selecting hardware and setting a computer to integrate technologies of an Internet of things, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) technology, a wireless sensor network (WSN) technology, a router technology, a context technology, a channel technology, a mass data processing technology, Bluetooth, infrared data transmission and the like. A main board structure of the gateway is in an open type and is easy to accept new Internet of things nodes, the gateway is multipassage and multichannel, can be compatible with different types of communication protocols and can be simultaneously communicated with various similar nodes, simultaneously, the gateway is intelligent and can carry out intelligent merging on received data based on the context, in addition, the gateway also has high robustness, self repairing capability and remote software upgrading capability, the gateway per se has a high safety function, and the data safety is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The things-internet gateway of the many communications of the open multichannel under a kind of Internet of Things of the present invention, relate to network of relation technology such as Internet of Things, 802.11 technology, WSN technology, multichannel technology, multichannel technology, also integrated simultaneously other wireless access technologys are as bluetooth, infrared data transmission, GSM/3G, 802.16, HomeRF etc.
Background technology
The notion of Internet of Things proposes in the Auto2ID laboratory by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1999, Internet of Things (Internet ofThings) is meant various information sensing equipment and system, as sensor network, radio-frequency (RF) tag reading device, bar code and two-dimension code equipment, global positioning system other short-distance wireless self-organizing network of unifying based on thing and thing communication pattern (M2M), combine a huge intelligent network that forms by various Access Networks and the Internet, Internet of Things is subjected to the extensive attention of national governments, academia and industrial quarters because of its great application prospect.802.11 series, bluetooth, GSM/3G/B3G etc., zigbee, RFID, 915/433/315MHz, a large amount of application of various wireless access technologys such as infrared, between them and they with PC between communicate by letter and just need carry out the conversion of Frame fast, reach the purpose of striding the protocol transmission data, could realize Internet of Things efficiently like this.For Internet of Things, communication is multistage, and its system complexity and cost expense will be very big, and this just need be optimized to guarantee its low-power consumption and high energy efficiency agreement.
In order to address these problems, the gateway under the Internet of Things not only needs to realize the basic function of conventional gateway, also needs to have at least following function:
A) mainboard structure is open, admits new Internet of Things node easily;
B) gateway is multichannel, can merge different types of communication protocol;
C) gateway is multi channel, can communicate by letter simultaneously with category node with a plurality of;
D) route of selection optimum that can be intelligent is carried out the routing forwarding data;
E) can merge the data of magnanimity and preliminary treatment minimizing data redundancy;
F) the gateway strong robustness has self-repairing capability, has the remote software upgrade ability.
Transducer is of a great variety in the Internet of Things, and the number of sensors of each type is also a lot, becomes hundred, and is thousands of, even tens thousand of.Therefore the gateway in this Internet of Things need be realized to a plurality of same class sensor nodes with to the reception of a plurality of variety classes sensor node data, merge and forwarding, need to merge industrial existing network simultaneously, and can realization and the Internet, WiFi, 3G/B3G/LTE, Zigbee, bluetooth and transmission means such as infrared interconnect, to realize the mutual fusion of distinct communication standards.Both can be with interconnected with layer network, also can the different layers network interconnection, can also realize sharing of network data.
Present multiple network is also deposited, transfer of data can't directly be carried out between infrared transmission, bluetooth, zigbee, 3G/B3G/LTE and the Internet or the like the multiple transport protocols, after so just must finishing the conversion work of agreement, could inter-network stride protocol transmission by the third party.Time-delay that brings like this and consumption are intolerable under the situation of mass data.Automatically just can easily realize data forwarding between the different agreement to the automatic conversion process of data frame format of striding the protocol data transmission by supporting the multi channel gateway of multichannel, guarantee the QoS of network, processing mass data that simultaneously can be quick, intelligent has improved networks efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Open multichannel of the present invention is to channel intelligent things net gateway, the various new algorithm that adopts improves the efficient and the safety of gateway, gateway mainly needs to handle the reception that mass data comprises the data of multi-protocols, data processing, determine correct next-hop node then fast, and in whole process, guarantee data security.
Data Receiving, equipment in each node and other networks at first can send to data on the gateway, because the source of data may be from various agreement, so need open many host-host protocols supporting interface, the data of Internet of Things have the characteristics of magnanimity simultaneously, therefore adopt the multichannel multichannel communication can better receive data.
Data processing, the Data Receiving part has illustrated two sources of data, at these data, how to handle fast and effectively is a very important index of gate performance, processing speed is fast more, and the performance of surperficial gateway is good more, can ensure the unobstructed operation of network more.Merge network technology by the multichannel multichannel, effectively integrate multiple network, realize seamless interconnected between the heterogeneous networks, with strong robustness, high self-healing property, high efficiency, mode realizes calculating communicating by letter of the world and physical world cheaply.Handle mass data by using, remove mass of redundancy data based on contextual integration technology.So-called context-aware, is obtained technology and correlation technique thereof with analysis context information at promptly a kind of grasp.Because dispose that the purpose of wireless senser is to obtain, the data message of pick-up transducers surrounding environment and will wherein useful data integrate and offer correlation module (or personnel) analysis, and the change information of this surrounding environment is exactly so-called " context ".
Data security; this patent intends researching and solving the self-shield of different levels, self-protection function and protection of goal itself is combined effectively the succinct effective credible algorithm of exploitation; develop two-layer security architecture, the main purpose of self-shield ability and Internet of Things is seamlessly combined.Using based on the believable Internet of Things route of using digital signature Ariadne agreement for credible Routing Protocol simultaneously also is a feasible solution, the data security when this patent also will adopt this scheme to strengthen route.Symmetric key algorithm and public-key cryptographic keys technology and usefulness reach the purpose that reduces amount of calculation and do not reduce security intensity.
The intelligence route, the Internet of Things epoch are heterogeneous network and the large scale network deposited, such network environment provides more link combinations pattern for the path between end-to-end, promptly multiple route pattern.This patent intends taking to calculate based on the sea node intelligence perception route of thought, by the semanteme that comprises in the analysis node contextual information, and the Intelligence Selection routed path.
Data forwarding, because the data of receiving of things-internet gateway are magnanimity, and the source of data is a plurality of agreements, therefore it is extremely important to intelligent gateway how quick and precisely to transmit data, with the data between agreement fast conversion be with need carrying out aggregation processing to data between the agreement in the gateway Intelligent Recognition, polymerization is mainly carried out polymerization from time and space two aspects.Data forwarding this patent between multi-protocols adopts multiple label switching technology, reaches the quick conversion between different agreement.In MPLS, transfer of data occurs on the label switched path (LSP).In order to solve the problem of QoS, also need to adopt differential service and intelligent route streamed data to accomplish.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme of being taked:
(1) multi-channel data transmission process:
A) employing can plug USB interface, and gateway is provided with 6 USB interface, a RS232 interface, a RS485 interface, a WIFI interface, and internet interface.USB interface can allow all support the radio access module of USB plug to insert, and the realization gateway is supported this wireless access technology, for example: 3G, bluetooth etc.; The RS232 interface can allow IADs such as present infrared, zigbee, GPRS physical module; The RS485 interface is used for serial communication; The WIFI interface is used to insert WIFI, and internet interface is used to connect the Internet.
B) in computer, the MAC layer be responsible for the data set framing format transmitted and and how the user to be linked in the shared wireless medium to control, increase a convergence sub-layer at the MAC layer, be used for handling the conversion and the processing of the Frame of various wireless access, the external network data conversion that its Service Access point (SAP) is received and be mapped to Medium Access Control (MAC) Service Data Unit (SDU), and be delivered to MAC layer service access point.Comprise external network data SDU is carried out classification, and be mapped to suitable MAC Business Stream and the first-class function of connection identifier (CID (CID).Agreement provides the interface of a plurality of convergence sub-layer standards conducts with outside variety of protocol.
Need to define a grader in the convergence-level and different access waies is mapped in the connection according to classifying rules, all business are managed as a kind of connection-oriented business by grader.Classifying rules is a series of mapping standard sets, can preset, and when node or equipment during by the wireless access way IAD, can be by obtaining in the heavy gateway of network.
(2) multichannel data is handled:
Multi-signal-channel and multi-interface has two interfaces, has distributed to a common channel as control interface for one, and another will be changed in remaining channel as data exchange interface.From another dividing mode, interface can be divided into fixed interface and convertible interface again.In the long time interval, distributed to K channel for K in the M of the gateway interface; Corresponding these channels all are considered fixed channel.Fixed interface is used to receive data and changes according to the interstitial content that uses same channel.M-K remaining interface is dynamically allocated to a remaining M-K channel in the short time in transfer of data.Corresponding channel is called as convertible channel.Convertible channel can come to adjacent node Y transmission data nodes X by the fixed channel that is transformed into Y.
The major function that the present invention realizes is; A) mainboard structure is open, admits new Internet of Things node easily; B) gateway is multichannel, can merge different types of communication protocol; C) gateway is multi channel, can communicate by letter simultaneously with category node with a plurality of; D) gateway is intelligent, can carry out Intelligent Fusion to received data based on context; E) the gateway strong robustness has self-repairing capability, has the remote software upgrade ability; F) intelligent perception route has the data that node is transmitted and handles, and can do the perception route of intelligence based on context.And can set up credible route, e) very strong safety function will be arranged, guarantee safety of data.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the main interface schema of gateway.
Accompanying drawing 2 is convergence-level (CS) project organization figure.
Accompanying drawing 3 is function diagrams of gateway.
Embodiment
Be described in detail specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Interface is divided into fixed interface and convertible interface.In the long time interval, distributed to K channel for K in the M of the gateway interface; Corresponding these channels all are considered fixed channel.Fixed interface is used to receive data and changes according to the interstitial content that uses same channel.M-K remaining interface is dynamically allocated to a remaining M-K channel in the short time in transfer of data.Corresponding channel is called as convertible channel.Convertible channel can come to adjacent node Y transmission data nodes X by the fixed channel that is transformed into Y.
The purpose that fixed interface distributes is to the fixed interface allocated channel and to the employed channel of adjacent node report fixed interface.At first, gateway is kept two tables of data: (Neighbour Table NT), comprises the employed fixed channel of adjacent node to the adjacent node tables of data; Channel uses tabulation, and (Channel Usage List CUL), deposit each channel as fixing interstitial content, but it only follows the trail of the interior existing node of communication range.The allocation rule of fixed interface is as follows:
A) at first, gateway is its accidental channel of fixed interface selection
B) periodically, gateway is broadcasted Hello bag or route querying bag on each channel, and it comprises fixed channel and its current NT that this node is using
C) when gateway when adjacent node receives Hello bag or route querying bag, it will carry out following renewal: the fixed channel of adjacent node is updated to NT; UCL uses the NT of adjacent node, and UCL will comprise the use information of double bounce like this
D) gateway need periodically be inquired about its CUL.If there are a lot of other nodes to use same fixed channel, gateway will be transformed into a channel that uses still less with its fixed channel with probability P so.Gateway has sent Hello and wraps and notify adjacent node its employed fixed channel then
The allocation rule of convertible interface is as follows:
A) receive a unicast packet will send the time when link layer, gateway will be searched the fixed channel on packet rs destination ground in NT.If the sender has identical fixed channel with the recipient, with the packet fixed channel of joining the team.Otherwise, with its convertible channel of joining the team.As for broadcast data packet, gateway copies to it in the formation of each channel.When this channel was arranged to send data, packet will be sent out away
B) as packet when one other channel is lined up, convertible interface will change channel
1) hardware: this gateway CPU adopts ARM11, has VS .NET Prerequisites device internal memory, Flash and SD card etc.The standard interface that provides simultaneously has: LCD interface, audio-video interface, USB interface, RS232 interface, RS485 interface, Ethernet interface, WiFi interface, carry out on the hardware plank by these interfaces, can expand other various modules of connection by these interfaces.The module that can dynamically add comprises: 3G module, bluetooth module are connected with the gateway mainboard by USB interface; Infrared, zigbee module, GPRS module (being mainly used in the security protection class) etc. are connected with the gateway mainboard by serial ports.Relate to transfer of data and conversion between various protocols for the major applications in the Internet of Things, but may only relate to conversion between several agreements at a certain application.Therefore need carry out dynamic-configuration as required to gateway hardware,, but use the method for this cutting, dynamic-configuration hardware, can reduce the cost of system greatly because the application of equipment is larger in the Internet of Things.
Parameter configuration:
A) core board performance parameter
◆ Samsung S3C6410 processor, ARM1176JZF-S kernel, dominant frequency 533MHz/667MHz;
◆ standard configuration 256M byte DDR internal memory;
◆ support 2G Byte NAND Flash, exclusively adopt 4 error correcting techniques, guarantee that information stores is safe and reliable;
◆ 12MHz, 48MHz, 27MHz, 32.768KHz clock source;
◆ support the 5V power voltage supply;
◆ adopt the high-quality template of import to board connector, guarantee the long-time running reliability;
◆ nearly 320 of core board leading foots;
B) multi-functional base plate hardware configuration
◆ a reset key, adopt special chip to reset, reliable and stable;
◆ the system start-up mode is provided with switch, adopts 8 toggle switchs;
◆ a slice 2M byte N OR Flash;
◆ three road serial ports comprise two five line RS_232 serial ports and a three-way RS_232 serial ports;
◆ a RS_485 bus interface;
◆ a CAN bus interface, 2.0 standards;
◆ a 100M network interface, adopt DM9000AE, band connects and the transmission indicator light;
◆ a USB HOST socket, support the USB1.1 agreement, use side to insert USB A type interface;
◆ a USB Slave interface, support USB 2.0 agreements, use mini-USB AB type interface;
◆ a high speed SD deck.Can realize SD Memory function and SDIO function;
◆ a WIFI expansion interface;
But ◆ one road stereo audio output interface lug machine; Another road audio frequency input can connect microphone;
◆ LCD and touch screen interface are supported TFT liquid crystal display screens such as 3.5 cun, 4.3 cun, 5.6 cun, 7 cun, 8 cun, exclusively support 10 cun LVDS liquid crystal display screens;
◆ a VGA interface, support 800x600 resolution; (conversion chip is stable, cheap; Being fit to product uses)
◆ two-way TV output interface;
◆ a CMOS utilizing camera interface, support ITU-R BT601/6568 bit pattern, use the 10X2 contact pin connector;
◆ inner real-time clock has the back by the lithium battery interface;
◆ a jtag interface, use the 10*2 contact pin connector;
◆ a temperature sensor
◆ an infrared receiving terminal
◆ six user key-press
◆ four LED
◆ a buzzer
◆ a 10X2 contact pin expansion interface; Comprise 1 road GND, 1 road DA, 8 road AD, 10 road IO, 1 road SPI.
Claims (1)
1. support the multi channel things-internet gateway of multichannel for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise following aspect: (1) multi-channel data transmission process:
A) employing can plug USB interface, and gateway is provided with 6 USB interface, a RS232 interface, a RS485 interface, a WIFI interface, and internet interface;
B) in computer, the MAC layer be responsible for the data set framing format transmitted and and how the user to be linked in the shared wireless medium to control, increase a convergence sub-layer at the MAC layer, be used for handling the conversion and the processing of the Frame of various wireless access, the external network data conversion that its Service Access point (SAP) is received and be mapped to Medium Access Control (MAC) Service Data Unit (SDU), and be delivered to M A C layer service access point.Comprise external network data SDU is carried out classification, and be mapped to suitable MAC Business Stream and connection identifier (CID (CID); Agreement provides the interface of a plurality of convergence sub-layer standards conducts with outside variety of protocol;
Grader of definition is mapped to different access waies in the connection according to classifying rules by grader in the convergence-level, and all business are managed as a kind of connection-oriented business;
(2) multichannel data is handled:
Multi-signal-channel and multi-interface has two interfaces, has distributed to a common channel as control interface for one, and another will be changed in remaining channel as data exchange interface; In the long time interval, distributed to K channel for K in the M of the gateway interface; Corresponding these channels all are considered fixed channel; Fixed interface is used to receive data and changes according to the interstitial content that uses same channel; M-K remaining interface is dynamically allocated to a remaining M-K channel in the short time in transfer of data; Convertible channel can come to adjacent node Y transmission data nodes X by the fixed channel that is transformed into Y.
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