CN102291205A - High-reliability data transmission method and device based on multi-frequency sound waves - Google Patents
High-reliability data transmission method and device based on multi-frequency sound waves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-reliability data transmission method and device based on multi-frequency sound waves. The device comprises a transmitting end which is connected with a sound-producing device for transmitting a sound wave signal, and a receiving end which is connected with a receiving device for receiving the sound wave signal, wherein the transmitting end comprises a data coding unit and a multi-frequency sound wave transmitting unit; and the receiving end comprises a data decoding unit and a multi-frequency sound wave receiving unit. The high-reliability data transmission method and the device based on multi-frequency sound waves provided by the invention have low hardware requirements, data transmission can be performed by only arranging a loudspeaker and a microphone, the method and the device can be applied to mobile phones and computers, and quick realization of application and services at low cost is facilitated; and during data decoding, a probability sequence is referred, and a calibration method is adopted, so that the hit rate and accuracy of data are increased effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology, relate in particular to a kind of high reliability data transmission method and device based on the multifrequency sound wave.
Background technology
At present, between the mobile phone or the communication modes between mobile phone and the computer more, comprise bluetooth, wireless network and other near-field communication modes, but these communication modes have higher and specific requirement to hardware configuration, the process of setting up communication is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, hardware and software cost is higher, and coverage rate is narrow, is not easy to carry out to pass mutually between mobile phone on-site payment and the mobile phone reliability requirement higher data transmission to transfer of data such as secret data.
Publication number is the patent application of CN101247183A, discloses a kind of high frequency waveforms that adopts a certain frequency in conjunction with horizontal component, expresses 1,0 numerical value, realizes the method for ultrasonic communication.This method transmitting terminal adopts MCU (Micro Control Unit is called for short micro-control unit) interrupt mode to read envelope parameters, sends high frequency analog signals; The receiving terminal analog circuit to the microphone analog signal amplify, bandpass filtering, envelope detection and shaping handle, and obtains low-frequency square-wave signal, is decoded as binary data then.Before communication information, increase a high level start bit, judge by the receiving terminal analog circuit whether this start bit high level signal continues 4～9 milliseconds, to judge whether to receive communication information; When accepting communication information, receiving terminal MCU opens interrupters, then data bit is for " 0 " to be read as low level, and high level then data bit is " 1 ".But when actual use ultrasonic wave carries out data communication, the loudspeaker that mobile phone, computer are equipped with, the audio frequency range of microphone are narrower, sensitvity constraint, and influenced by environmental noise, the sound wave distortion appears easily, error rate is too high when causing transfer of data, can not reach the practical requirement of high reliability data transmission.This patent application disclosed method adopts the binary mode coded data, and the amount of information of per unit transmission data is few, during the big data quantity transmission, meets the probability height of wave distortion; The judgement of " 0 ", " 1 " numerical value simply just determines by level, when the environmental noise influence is big, and the high low value distortion rate of level height, the threshold value of high-low level boundary changes greatly with environmental impact, can't accurately be provided with; When the judgement of certain bit data goes wrong, can't the verification error correction, make mistakes for one, can cause whole message to be made mistakes; The physique of mobile phone, computer has cured when dispatching from the factory, and the cost of transforming circuit during application again is too high.This method is difficult to satisfy mobile phone, computer carries out the practical requirement of the transfer of data of high reliability.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of high reliability data transmission method and device based on the multifrequency sound wave, on the basis of physique that does not change terminal and operating system, utilize the loudspeaker of terminal and the transfer of data that microphone is realized high reliability.
Technical scheme: the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) at first calculates the check value that needs the transmission data, after need transmission data, add check value and end mark, form partial data by the digital coding unit;
(2) again by the partial data of digital coding unit to obtaining in the step (1), the contrast coding rule is transformed on the corresponding frequency of sound wave, forms continuous multifrequency information of acoustic wave according to the sending duration of single frequency;
(3) send acoustic signals by multifrequency sound wave transmitting element control sound-producing device continuously according to the multifrequency information of acoustic wave, and constantly circulation, finish or arrive time-out time until transmission;
(4) by multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the acoustic signals that control listening device short distance reception sound-producing device sends reaches length requirement until the audio-frequency information that receives, and preserves the complete audio-frequency information that receives, and the initial value of setting period i is 0;
(5) by the data decode unit the complete audio-frequency information of preserving is calculated parsing, contrast and the identical coding rule of step (2), the time slice that complete audio-frequency information is divided into respective number by single frequency duration length, calculate the range value of each frequency in each time slice line ordering of going forward side by side, wherein the frequency of range value maximum is the first choice frequency in this time slice, other frequencies are the alternative frequency in this time slice, all frequency of sound wave are transformed on the corresponding numerical value again;
(6) first choice frequency value corresponding in each time slice is formed one group of partial data, carry out verification, judge whether success of verification, if judged result is for being then to finish the transfer of data of multifrequency sound wave;
(7) if the judged result in the step (6) is not, then replace the first choice frequency value corresponding with alternative frequency value corresponding in each time slice according to the descending order of range value, form one group of partial data, carry out verification, judge whether verification is successful, if judged result is for being then to finish the transfer of data of multifrequency sound wave;
(8) if the judged result in the step (7) for not, judges then whether period i=n sets up, if judged result is for being, the data transmission fails of multifrequency sound wave then, wherein, n is the natural number greater than 1;
(9) if preserve i=i+1 again after the judged result in the step (8) for not, then is offset a shift time length with the original position of the complete audio-frequency information that receives in the step (4) backward; Return step (5), described shift time length is the 1/n of single frequency duration length.
Said method can also adopt the computer software method to realize.
Described need transmission data can preferably adopt a kind of definition the in 2 systems, 4 systems, 8 systems, 10 systems or the 16 system modes; Be defined as example with 10 systems, 10 systems comprise 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,90 numerical value, and are corresponding one by one with ten different frequency of sound wave respectively; Frequency values, numerical value, sending duration and corresponding relation can dispose adjustment.
The digital coding unit can adopt CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check in the described step (1), cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) check addition calculates the check value that needs the transmission data, can also be other checking algorithms, as bcc (block check character exclusive or check method), parity check (Parity Check) etc.; End mark can adopt " # " etc.
Frequency of sound wave scope corresponding in the described step (2) in 16KHz～22KHz scope, the sound in this frequency range, the mankind are difficult to discover, but the loudspeaker of mobile phone, computer, microphone etc. but can be handled.
Coding rule in the described step (2) can adopt PCM (Pulse-code modulation, pulse code modulation) audio coding, pcm audio most mobile phones of coding and computer can both be supported, simultaneously in conjunction with multiple compaction algorithms method, can reduce data volume and transmission quantity.The pcm audio coding is a kind of number method of analog signal, and its intensity with signal is divided into several sections according to same spacing, uses unique digital mark then.In step (2), finish the conversion of partial data, in step (4), preserve the audio-frequency information that receives by the pcm audio coding by the pcm audio coding.
Acoustic signals sends with sine waveform in the described step (3).
The acoustic signals sample frequency that listening device receives in the described step (4) 44.1KHz or more than, make that the acoustic signals in 16KKHz～22KHz scope can be rebuild fully from sample.
A kind of device that is used to realize above-mentioned high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave, comprise and be connected with sound-producing device with the transmitting terminal that sends acoustic signals be connected with listening device to receive the receiving terminal of acoustic signals, described transmitting terminal comprises digital coding unit and multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, and described receiving terminal comprises data decode unit and multifrequency sound wave receiving element;
Described digital coding unit, at first calculate the check value that needs the transmission data, after need transmission data, add check value and end mark, form partial data, each numerical value with partial data is transformed on the corresponding frequency of sound wave again, sending duration according to single frequency is formed continuous multifrequency information of acoustic wave, realizes the corresponding conversion of data and multifrequency acoustic signals;
Described multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, the control sound-producing device sends acoustic signals continuously by the multifrequency information of acoustic wave that the digital coding cell translation obtains;
Described multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the control listening device receives the acoustic signals that sound-producing device sends, and preserves data;
Code check is separated with the data that multifrequency sound wave receiving element is preserved in described data decode unit.
Described sound-producing device is that loudspeaker or other can send the hardware module of sound wave, and described listening device is that microphone or other can receive the hardware module of sound wave.
Beneficial effect: a kind of high reliability data transmitting device and method thereof provided by the invention based on the multifrequency sound wave, low to hardware requirement, only need outfit loudspeaker, microphone just can carry out transfer of data, can on mobile phone, computer, use, help realizing fast, at low cost application and service; When decoded data, with reference to the probability order, adopt method of calibration, effectively improved the hit rate and the accuracy of data.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the sinusoidal waveform acoustic signals.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as a kind of high reliability data transmitting device based on the multifrequency sound wave, comprise transmitting terminal that is connected with loudspeaker and the receiving terminal that is connected with microphone, described transmitting terminal is mobile phone or computer, and receiving terminal also is mobile phone or computer; Described transmitting terminal comprises draws together digital coding unit and multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, and described receiving terminal comprises data decode unit and multifrequency sound wave receiving element;
Described digital coding unit, at first calculate the check value that needs the transmission data, after need transmission data, add check value and end mark, form partial data, each numerical value with partial data is transformed on the corresponding frequency of sound wave again, sending duration according to single frequency is formed continuous multifrequency information of acoustic wave, realizes the corresponding conversion of data and multifrequency acoustic signals;
Described multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, the control loudspeaker send acoustic signals continuously by the multifrequency information of acoustic wave that the digital coding cell translation obtains;
Described multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the control microphone receives the acoustic signals that loudspeaker send, and preserves data;
Code check is separated with the data that multifrequency sound wave receiving element is preserved in described data decode unit.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as a kind of high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave, the sending duration of definition single frequency is 40 milliseconds, keep acting in agreement of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, and digital coding unit and the identical coding rule of data decode unit employing, concrete transmitting step is as follows:
(1) adopts the CRC check method that need transmission data are added check value and end mark by the digital coding unit, form partial data.Adopt 10 system modes to define partial data, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,90 numerical value, corresponding one by one with ten different frequency of sound wave respectively, use " # " as end mark, amount to 11 frequencies like this and form the multitone ripple, as shown in table 1 is the corresponding relation of frequency of sound wave in this example, 10 system value corresponding and sending duration.
The corresponding relation of table 1 frequency of sound wave, 10 system value corresponding and sending duration
| Frequency of sound wave (HZ) | Numerical value | Duration (millisecond) |
| 17500 | 0 | 40 |
| 17800 | 1 | 40 |
| 18100 | 2 | 40 |
| 18400 | 3 | 40 |
| 18700 | 4 | 40 |
| 19000 | 5 | 40 |
| 19300 | 6 | 40 |
| 19600 | 7 | 40 |
| 19900 | 8 | 40 |
| 20200 | 9 | 40 |
| 20500 | # | 40 |
The partial data length that each multifrequency sound wave sends is 16, and wherein preceding 10 5 is check value in order to need the transmission data, and 1 is end mark; As shown in table 2 is the partial data simple examples table of a multifrequency sound wave.
The partial data simple examples table of a multifrequency sound wave of table 2
(2) partial data to obtaining in the step (1), by digital coding unit contrast coding rule, be transformed on the corresponding frequency of sound wave, form continuous multifrequency information of acoustic wave according to the sending duration of single frequency, this corresponding frequency of sound wave scope is in 16KHz～22KHz scope;
(3) send acoustic signals by multifrequency sound wave transmitting element control loudspeaker continuously according to the multifrequency information of acoustic wave, and constantly circulation, finish or arrive time-out time until transmission;
(4) acoustic signals that sends by microphone short distance reception loudspeaker reaches length requirement until the audio-frequency information that receives, and preserves the complete audio-frequency information that receives, and the initial value of setting period i is 0;
(5) by the data decode unit the complete audio-frequency information of preserving is calculated parsing, contrast and the identical coding rule of step (2), the time slice that complete audio-frequency information is divided into respective number by single frequency duration length, calculate the range value of each frequency in each time slice line ordering of going forward side by side, wherein the frequency of range value maximum is the first choice frequency in this time slice, other frequencies are the alternative frequency in this time slice, all frequency of sound wave are transformed on the corresponding numerical value again;
(6) first choice frequency value corresponding in each time slice is formed one group of partial data, carry out verification, judge whether success of verification, if judged result is for being then to finish the transfer of data of multifrequency sound wave;
(7) if the judged result in the step (6) is not, then replace the first choice frequency value corresponding with alternative frequency value corresponding in each time slice according to the descending order of range value, form one group of partial data, carry out verification, judge whether verification is successful, if judged result is for being then to finish the transfer of data of multifrequency sound wave;
(8) if the judged result in the step (7) for not, judges then whether period i=n sets up, if judged result is for being, the data transmission fails of multifrequency sound wave then, wherein, n is the natural number greater than 1;
(9) if preserve i=i+1 again after the judged result in the step (8) for not, then is offset a shift time length with the original position of the complete audio-frequency information that receives in the step (4) backward; Return step (5), described shift time length is the 1/n of single frequency duration length.
The coding rule that adopts in this example is the pcm audio coding, in step (2), finish the conversion of partial data by the pcm audio coding, in step (4), preserve the audio-frequency information that receives, simultaneously in conjunction with multiple compaction algorithms method, to reduce data volume and transmission quantity by the pcm audio coding.
Acoustic signals sends with sine waveform in the described step (3), as shown in Figure 3, is that sinusoidal waveform voice data is sampled and be quantified as the pcm audio encoded radio.The sinusoidal waveform voice data is got one time sample, the i.e. scale of x axle in every period set time; Each sample is selected its position on the y axle then according to algorithm; So just produce the substitute of discrete fully input signal, coding becomes digital data, to do preservation or to handle.Generate sine wave and depend on three parameters: sine wave freuqency, sample frequency, bit depth, as generating the sine wave of 18100HZ, 44.1K sample frequency, 16 bit depth.Use the sin function can generate sine wave output shape voice data, the sine value of a radian of sin function calculation (2 π radians equal 360 degree), the scope of return value is from-1 to 1.The stepping radian value computing formula of each sampled point is: (2* π)/(sample frequency/sine wave freuqency).The maximum intensity value of 16 bit depth voice datas and minimal intensity value are respectively 32767 and-32768.Calculate the stepping radian sine value of each sampled point and the product of intensity level, be filled in the data field of pcm audio coded format, just finished the modulation of audio volume control.Transmitting terminal adopts said method can generate the Wave data of each frequency in the multifrequency sound wave.The signal drop causes producing the noise that people's ear can be heard when avoiding between the frequency conversion, in each frequency period, the intermediate intensity value is the highest, the intensity value of left end successively by minimum be increased to the highest, the intensity value of right-hand member successively by the highest be reduced to minimum, realize the smooth transformation between the frequency, avoid producing noise.Transmitting terminal sends acoustic signals continuously by the multifrequency information of acoustic wave, and loop play is finished or overtime until transmission.
Receiving terminal detects the multifrequency information of acoustic wave of enrolling, and promptly calculates the frequency of resolving the audio signal in the single frequency duration section, and the contrast coding rule is determined corresponding numerical value.According to nyquist sampling theorem, " if signal is a band limit, and sample frequency is higher than one times of signal bandwidth, and so, continuous signal originally can rebuild from sample fully." the recording sample frequency that adopts of this example is 44.1K or higher frequency, makes the ultrasonic signal of 16K-22K HZ to rebuild fully from sample.
Frequency spectrum analysis to signal can be judged frequency information, in this example, receiving terminal adopts for the Frequency and Amplitude value of audio signal the analysis of signal spectrum and calculates not only effectively but also Goertzel algorithm fast, and the example software program code of Goertzel algorithm is as follows:
By above-mentioned Goertzel algorithm computation one section audio information, can return the amplitude energy value of certain frequency, input parameter is described as follows:
Samples: the array of audio-frequency information value, corresponding to the value sequence in the pcm encoder;
Freq: need the frequency of detection, as 18100;
N: participate in the audio-frequency information number of computing, during as 882 expression 44100HZ sample frequencys, 20 milliseconds audio-frequency information number;
Samplerate: sample frequency, as 44100.
In this example, during decoded data, be that per 40 milliseconds audio-frequency information is 1 frame with the single frequency duration, during 16 partial data transmission, totally 680 milliseconds of once complete recording represent that promptly the information of 16 frame partial datas adds that 1 vertical shift keeps information; Per 1 frame information to 16 frame informations calculates parsing, and the range value of 11 frequencies in this frame in the coding rule causes erroneous judgement for avoiding a frame across two frequency periods, and when calculating range value, only the preceding 20 milliseconds audio-frequency information with every frame participates in computing; The frequency of ordering back range value maximum is as first choice frequency, and other frequencies are successively as alternative frequency.The Frequency and Amplitude value of 16 frames with the first choice frequency value corresponding of each frame, is formed 16 complete data and is carried out verification after calculating and finishing.If verification failure, then more successively preface form 16 complete data and carry out verification with the alternative frequency value corresponding replacement first choice frequency value corresponding of each frame.If the start bit of complete audio-frequency information is improper, one frame may be across two frequency periods, to cause the erroneous judgement of Frequency and Amplitude value, so if still verification failure, then the original position with complete audio-frequency information is offset 10 milliseconds backward, re-execute this step, repeat altogether 4 times, all execute up to verification succeeds or skew number of times.Because of reasons such as environmental noise influence, sensitivity of microphone restrictions, first choice frequency may not be the actual frequency of sending, and alternative frequency participates in computing, can effectively improve the hit rate of frequency.For avoiding erroneous judgement and reduce operand, the range of choice of alternative frequency can be dwindled, and it is corresponding and form data to carry out numerical value as 3 alternative frequency before the selecting range value rank.
For 16 partial datas of each group, the method for calibration of every group of data is as follows: press the position rearrangement reaction data that end mark occurs, end mark data are backward moved to the data forefront.At this moment, preceding 10 data for needing to transmit, the 11st to the 15th is check value.Whether the check value that calculates preceding 10 bit data equals back 5 bit check values; If equate, then drawing this 10 bit data is the data that correct need transmit, and transfer of data completes successfully; If unequal, then continue other check values of respectively organizing data of cycle calculations and whether equate.By the verification of 5 bit check values, guaranteed the accuracy of data.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1) at first calculates the check value that needs the transmission data, after need transmission data, add check value and end mark, form partial data by the digital coding unit;
(2) again by the partial data of digital coding unit to obtaining in the step (1), the contrast coding rule is transformed on the corresponding frequency of sound wave, forms continuous multifrequency information of acoustic wave according to the sending duration of single frequency;
(3) send acoustic signals by multifrequency sound wave transmitting element control sound-producing device continuously according to the multifrequency information of acoustic wave, and constantly circulation, finish or arrive time-out time until transmission;
(4) by multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the acoustic signals that control listening device short distance reception sound-producing device sends reaches length requirement until the audio-frequency information that receives, and preserves the complete audio-frequency information that receives, and the initial value of setting period i is 0;
(5) by the data decode unit the complete audio-frequency information of preserving is calculated parsing, contrast and the identical coding rule of step (2), the time slice that complete audio-frequency information is divided into respective number by single frequency duration length, calculate the range value of each frequency in each time slice line ordering of going forward side by side, wherein the frequency of range value maximum is the first choice frequency in this time slice, other frequencies are the alternative frequency in this time slice, all frequency of sound wave are transformed on the corresponding numerical value again;
(6) first choice frequency value corresponding in each time slice is formed one group of partial data, carry out verification, judge whether success of verification, if judged result is for being then to finish the transfer of data of multifrequency sound wave;
(7) if the judged result in the step (6) is not, then replace the first choice frequency value corresponding with alternative frequency value corresponding in each time slice according to the descending order of range value, form one group of partial data, carry out verification, judge whether verification is successful, if judged result is for being then to finish the transfer of data of multifrequency sound wave;
(8) if the judged result in the step (7) for not, judges then whether period i=n sets up, if judged result is for being, the data transmission fails of multifrequency sound wave then, wherein, n is the natural number greater than 1;
(9) if preserve i=i+1 again after the judged result in the step (8) for not, then is offset a shift time length with the original position of the complete audio-frequency information that receives in the step (4) backward; Return step (5), described shift time length is the 1/n of single frequency duration length.
2. the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described a kind of definition that needs in transmission The data 2 systems, 4 systems, 8 systems, 10 systems or the 16 system modes.
3. the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the digital coding unit adopts the check value that the CRC check method is calculated needs the transmission data in the described step (1).
4. the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: frequency of sound wave scope corresponding in the described step (2) is in 16KHz～22KHz scope.
5. the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the coding rule in the described step (2) is the pcm audio coding.
6. the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: acoustic signals sends with sine waveform in the described step (3).
7. the high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the acoustic signals sample frequency that listening device receives in the described step (4) 44.1KHz or more than.
8. device that is used to realize the described high reliability data transmission method based on the multifrequency sound wave of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this device comprises and is connected with sound-producing device with the transmitting terminal that sends acoustic signals be connected with listening device to receive the receiving terminal of acoustic signals, described transmitting terminal comprises digital coding unit and multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, and described receiving terminal comprises data decode unit and multifrequency sound wave receiving element;
Described digital coding unit, at first calculate the check value that needs the transmission data, after need transmission data, add check value and end mark, form partial data, each numerical value with partial data is transformed on the corresponding frequency of sound wave again, sending duration according to single frequency is formed continuous multifrequency information of acoustic wave, realizes the corresponding conversion of data and multifrequency acoustic signals;
Described multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, the control sound-producing device sends acoustic signals continuously by the multifrequency information of acoustic wave that the digital coding cell translation obtains;
Described multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the control listening device receives the acoustic signals that sound-producing device sends, and preserves data;
Code check is separated with the data that multifrequency sound wave receiving element is preserved in described data decode unit.
9. device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described sound-producing device is loudspeaker, and described listening device is a microphone.
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