CN102289085A - Color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as pigment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as pigment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102289085A CN102289085A CN2011102438036A CN201110243803A CN102289085A CN 102289085 A CN102289085 A CN 102289085A CN 2011102438036 A CN2011102438036 A CN 2011102438036A CN 201110243803 A CN201110243803 A CN 201110243803A CN 102289085 A CN102289085 A CN 102289085A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- colloidal crystal
- hydrogel
- contact lens
- crystal hydrogel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention discloses a color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as a pigment. The color contact lens disclosed by the invention is characterized by comprising a contact lens body (12), wherein the colloid crystal aquogel (11) serving as a pigment component of color elements is mixed in the contact lens body (12); and the colloid crystal aquogel and the aquogel of the contact lens body (12) form interpenetrating grids. The contact lens disclosed by the invention is bright in color, is elegant in appearance and has the advantages of good biocompatibility and good practicality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the contact lens material studying technological domain, being specifically related to a kind of is the colorful contact lens and preparation method thereof of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel.
Background technology
In in the past 30 years, the total number of persons that contact lenses are worn in the whole world has increased by 35 times, and colorful contact lens is also popular gradually owing to the drive of global fashion world.According to incompletely statistics, China's colorful contact lens accounts for more than 35% of contact lenses market at present.
Colorful contact lens can be divided into two big classes: the first kind is a kind of contact lenses that only have transparent or opaque colored pattern in contact lenses iris district, and this contact lenses iris district can manifest special design and color; The second class colorful contact lens selects for use transparent color to strengthen the color of contact lenses, the colorant of this substantial transparent is to be dispersed in whole contact lenses inside uniformly, this type of colorful contact lens not only can be deepened eye color, and can make eyes more lively, more life-like.Yet,, still show dull in aesthetic because present contact lenses mostly are single color; In addition, current colorful contact lens is many need to have mixed colored pigment in contact lenses, these pigment often exist biocompatibility low, problems such as surface irregularity, when the patient is worn serious foreign body sensation is arranged, the lighter causes wearing discomfort, and problems such as corneal edema, cornea blood vessel hyperplasia, epithelial cell shedding may appear in severe patient, cause disease of cornea such as acute blood-shoot-eye illness, and then may affect one's power of vision.
That considers client wears mirror safety and health, and satisfying to sense of loving to make up and wearing beautiful clothes, therefore, the needs exploitation is a kind of can satisfy the life requirement that people like to be beautiful, and can guarantee that again colored pigment can not influence eyes, can not cause any eye illness and uncomfortable colorful contact lens.The present invention therefore.
Summary of the invention
It is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel that the object of the invention is to provide a kind of, the pigment that has solved the available technology adopting colour injects and causes the biocompatibility of contact lenses low, surface irregularity has serious problems such as foreign body sensation when the patient is worn.
In order to solve these problems of the prior art, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, comprise the contact lenses body, it is characterized in that sneaking in the described contact lenses body pigment composition of colloidal crystal hydrogel as color element, described colloidal crystal hydrogel and contact lenses body hydrogel form the IPN grid.
Preferably, described colloidal crystal hydrogel is uniformly distributed in the regional area or the Zone Full of contact lenses body.
Preferably, described colloidal crystal hydrogel be close packing or not closed packing opal structural or counter opal structure; The shape of colloidal crystal hydrogel is selected from one or more the combination in any in sphere, semisphere, the thin slice; The size of colloidal crystal hydrogel is between 100 nanometers to 100 micron.
Preferably, described colloidal crystal hydrogel is selected from one or more any mixing in methyl methacrylate, poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate, acetylbutyrylcellulose, siloxane methacrylate, fluorine silicon methacrylate, perfluor ether, N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glycidyl methacrylate or the Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, contains or do not contain the colloidal nanoparticles material in the described hydrogel pigment.
Preferably, described colloidal nanoparticles is selected from one or more combination in any of nano silicon, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, titania, iron oxide, gold, silver.
Preferably, the polymerization precursor of described contact lenses body hydrogel is selected from one or more any mixing in methyl methacrylate, poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate, acetylbutyrylcellulose, siloxane methacrylate, fluorine silicon methacrylate, perfluor ether, N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glycidyl methacrylate or the Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is the preparation method of the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of:
(1) preparation process of colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment solution:
The colloidal crystal hydrogel of close packing or not closed packing is cut into small fragment, and in the preceding aggressiveness solution that adding preparation contact lenses are used, ultrasonic dispersion makes it be distributed in the solution uniformly;
(2) the curing treatment step of solution in mould:
The colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment solution of step (1) preparation is added in the mould that is used for the contact lenses preparation, place high-pressure sodium lamp by the ultra-violet curing method or place in the baking oven schemochrome colloidal solution to be cured and form contact lenses sheet just on mould by thermal curing method;
(3) the aquation treatment step of colorful contact lens:
It is constant to place salt solution aquation to the expansivity of hydrogel to stablize the first sheet of the contact lenses that solidify in the step (2), and making with the colloidal crystal hydrogel is the colorful contact lens of pigment.
Preferably, when carrying out the aquation processing in the described method step (3), in the salt solution of pH value at 8.0-10.0 aquation 12-24 hour earlier is that aquation expansivity of sheet at the beginning of the contact lenses is stablized the constant colorful contact lens that the colloidal crystal hydrogel is a pigment that promptly is able in 7.2 the salt solution in the pH value then.
The present invention is that the colorful contact lens of pigment is a color element with colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, and colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment can be distributed in the whole contact lenses or be distributed in the regional area of contact lenses.The shape of colloidal crystal hydrogel can be rule, semicircular canal then or irregular.In experiment, this colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment can be single color or multicolour.
The present invention is the pigment of color element with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, and this colloidal crystal hydrogel has interference effect to light, and then makes contact lenses have bright outward appearance.For other colorful contact lens, more gorgeous, more elegant in appearance based on the contact lenses color of colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment, and good biocompatibility, have good practicability.
Pigment can be solid color and multiple color, the present invention can use a kind of colloidal crystal hydrogel of color as pigment, the colloidal crystal hydrogel that also can use multiple color is as pigment, and that concrete color can be is red, orange, yellow, green, blue, in the indigo, purple one or more.
With respect to scheme of the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention obtains a kind of colorful contact lens, and described contact lenses are color element with colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment, and this pigment has interference effect to light, and then makes contact lenses have bright outward appearance.For other colorful contact lens, more gorgeous, more elegant in appearance based on the contact lenses color of colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment, and good biocompatibility, have good practicability.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel for the embodiment of the invention; Wherein, 11 is the colloidal crystal hydrogel; 12 is the contact lenses body.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment such scheme is described further.Should be understood that these embodiment are used to the present invention is described and are not limited to limit the scope of the invention.The implementation condition that adopts among the embodiment can be done further adjustment according to the condition of concrete producer, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in the normal experiment.
Embodiment 1 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel
1. the preparation of colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment solution:
With diameter is that the monodispersive silica nano spherical particle of 100 nanometers is dispersed in the mixed solution of acrylamide and methylene diacrylamide, polymerization obtains colloid crystal film, shear the pigment units that film becomes particulate, nano particle in the corrosion micro unit, and after it is carried out drying, product is distributed to the hydrogel solution (mixed solution (mol ratio 20: 1) of hydroxyethyl methylacrylate (HEMA) and Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), the different two fourth cyanogen mass volume ratios 0.1% of initiating agent azo) that is used for the contact lenses preparation.
2. the curing of hydrogel solution in mould is handled:
The above-mentioned hydrogel solution of 100 microlitre volumes is added in the mould that is used for the contact lenses preparation, and 4 ℃ of following high voltage mercury lamp radiation 30min solidify colloidal solution;
3. the aquation of colorful contact lens is handled:
Colloidal polymer after solidifying is peeled off from mould, and directly aquation is handled; Aquation handle to divide two ones to carry out, and in the salt solution of pH8.0-10.0 aquation 12-24 hour earlier, aquation to contact lenses expansivity was stablized constantly in the salt solution of pH7.2 then, finally obtains the bright contact lenses that contain colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment.
Embodiment 2 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel
1. the preparation of colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment solution:
With diameter is that the monodispersive silica nano spherical particle of 100 nanometers is dispersed in the mixed solution of acrylamide and methylene diacrylamide, polymerization obtains colloid crystal film, shear the pigment units that film becomes particulate, nano particle in the corrosion micro unit, and after it is carried out drying, product is distributed to the hydrogel solution (mixed solution (mass ratio 20: 1) of siloxane methacrylate (SMA) and Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), the different two fourth cyanogen mass volume ratios 0.1% of initiating agent azo) that is used for the contact lenses preparation.
2. the curing of hydrogel solution in mould is handled:
The above-mentioned hydrogel solution of 100 microlitre volumes is added in the mould that is used for the contact lenses preparation, and 4 ℃ of following high voltage mercury lamp radiation 30min solidify colloidal solution;
3. the aquation of colorful contact lens is handled:
Colloidal polymer after solidifying is peeled off from mould, and directly aquation is handled; Aquation handle to divide two ones to carry out, and in the salt solution of pH8.0-10.0 aquation 12-24 hour earlier, aquation to contact lenses expansivity was stablized constantly in the salt solution of pH7.2 then, finally obtains the bright contact lenses that contain colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment.
Embodiment 3 is the performance test of the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel
(1) light transmission test:
Selecting for use with the colloidal crystal hydrogel is that the colorful contact lens of pigment is a tested object, and it is carried out the light transmission test, and the result shows that the transmitance of white light reaches more than 94%;
(2) water cut test:
To being that the colorful contact lens of pigment carries out the water cut test with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, the result shows that its water percentage is higher than 60% with oven drying method;
(3) cytotoxicity test:
Because the cytotoxicity test can be prepared the genotoxic potential of objective reaction test sample, adopt ISO9363-1 method of testing commonly used, investigate the cytotoxicity of contact lenses and can accurately react its security, in the method, the grade that cell-cytotoxic reaction is divided into the 0-4 level, progression is low more, and the security of tested material is high more.To be the colorful contact lens of pigment and the contrast test that commercially available ultra-thin contact lenses of Hydron are done cytotoxicity with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is that the cytotoxicity of colorful contact lens of pigment is the same with the ultra-thin contact lenses of commercially available Hydron that the result shows with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, be 0 grade, illustrated that eyeglass has higher security.
Above-mentioned example only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the people who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalent transformations that spirit is done according to the present invention or modification all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, comprise contact lenses body (12), it is characterized in that sneaking in the described contact lenses body (12) pigment composition of colloidal crystal hydrogel (11) as color element, described colloidal crystal hydrogel and contact lenses body (12) hydrogel form the IPN grid.
2. according to claim 1 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is characterized in that described colloidal crystal hydrogel (11) is uniformly distributed in the regional area or the Zone Full of contact lenses body (12).
3. according to claim 1 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is characterized in that opal structural or counter opal structure that described colloidal crystal hydrogel is close packing or not closed packing; The shape of colloidal crystal hydrogel is selected from one or more the combination in any in sphere, semisphere, the thin slice; The size of colloidal crystal hydrogel is between 100 nanometers to 100 micron.
4. according to claim 1 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is characterized in that described colloidal crystal hydrogel is selected from one or more any mixing in methyl methacrylate, poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate, acetylbutyrylcellulose, siloxane methacrylate, fluorine silicon methacrylate, perfluor ether, N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glycidyl methacrylate or the Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, contains or do not contain the colloidal nanoparticles material in the described hydrogel pigment.
5. according to claim 4 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is characterized in that described colloidal nanoparticles is selected from one or more combination in any of nano silicon, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, titania, iron oxide, gold, silver.
6. according to claim 1 is the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, and the polymerization precursor that it is characterized in that described contact lenses body hydrogel is selected from one or more any mixing in methyl methacrylate, poly hydroxy ethyl acrylate, acetylbutyrylcellulose, siloxane methacrylate, fluorine silicon methacrylate, perfluor ether, N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glycidyl methacrylate or the Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
7. one kind is the preparation method of the colorful contact lens of pigment with the colloidal crystal hydrogel, it is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of:
(1) preparation process of colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment solution:
The colloidal crystal hydrogel of close packing or not closed packing is cut into small fragment, and in the preceding aggressiveness solution that adding preparation contact lenses are used, ultrasonic dispersion makes it be distributed in the solution uniformly;
(2) the curing treatment step of solution in mould:
The colloidal crystal hydrogel pigment solution of step (1) preparation is added in the mould that is used for the contact lenses preparation, place high-pressure sodium lamp by the ultra-violet curing method or place in the baking oven schemochrome colloidal solution to be cured and form contact lenses sheet just on mould by thermal curing method;
(3) the aquation treatment step of colorful contact lens:
It is constant to place salt solution aquation to the expansivity of hydrogel to stablize the first sheet of the contact lenses that solidify in the step (2), and making with the colloidal crystal hydrogel is the colorful contact lens of pigment.
8. according to the method for claim 7, when it is characterized in that carrying out in the described method step (3) the aquation processing, in the salt solution of pH value at 8.0-10.0 aquation 12-24 hour earlier is that aquation expansivity of sheet at the beginning of the contact lenses is stablized the constant colorful contact lens that the colloidal crystal hydrogel is a pigment that promptly is able in 7.2 the salt solution in the pH value then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110243803 CN102289085B (en) | 2011-08-25 | 2011-08-25 | Color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as pigment and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110243803 CN102289085B (en) | 2011-08-25 | 2011-08-25 | Color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as pigment and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102289085A true CN102289085A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| CN102289085B CN102289085B (en) | 2013-03-06 |
Family
ID=45335621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110243803 Expired - Fee Related CN102289085B (en) | 2011-08-25 | 2011-08-25 | Color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as pigment and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102289085B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103149702A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-06-12 | 东南大学 | Color contact lens taking scales of morphidae wings as pigment and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103175957A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-26 | 东南大学 | Angle-unbiased visualized detection method based on colloidal crystal gel |
| CN103941418A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-23 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Contact lenses with colloid photonic crystal structural color and preparation method of contact lenses |
| CN106810717A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-09 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Ophthalmic lens materials and eye lens |
| CN107045212A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-15 | 逢甲大学 | Contact lenses using hydrogel films and methods of making same |
| WO2018090330A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Implantable device and preparation method therefor |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1374356A (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-10-16 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | Stainer for stained contact lens and its producing process |
| US20050033210A1 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-10 | Parsa Shahinpoor | Soft Contact Patch for Treatment of Amblyopia |
| CN1658020A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-24 | 范大铭 | Making method of color contact lenses |
| CN101237987A (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2008-08-06 | 库柏维景公司 | Systems and methods for producing silicone hydrogel contact lenses from a polymerizable composition |
| CN101695874A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2010-04-21 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | hydrogel processing |
-
2011
- 2011-08-25 CN CN 201110243803 patent/CN102289085B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1374356A (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-10-16 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | Stainer for stained contact lens and its producing process |
| US20050033210A1 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-10 | Parsa Shahinpoor | Soft Contact Patch for Treatment of Amblyopia |
| CN1658020A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-24 | 范大铭 | Making method of color contact lenses |
| CN101695874A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2010-04-21 | 庄臣及庄臣视力保护公司 | hydrogel processing |
| CN101237987A (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2008-08-06 | 库柏维景公司 | Systems and methods for producing silicone hydrogel contact lenses from a polymerizable composition |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨晓莉等: "高亲水性有色隐形眼镜的紫外合成与表征", 《南京工业大学学报(自然科学版)》, vol. 28, no. 02, 31 March 2006 (2006-03-31) * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103175957A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-26 | 东南大学 | Angle-unbiased visualized detection method based on colloidal crystal gel |
| CN103149702A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-06-12 | 东南大学 | Color contact lens taking scales of morphidae wings as pigment and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103941418A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-23 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Contact lenses with colloid photonic crystal structural color and preparation method of contact lenses |
| CN103941418B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-04-13 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | There are contact lenses of colloidal photon crystal schemochrome and preparation method thereof |
| CN106810717A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-09 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Ophthalmic lens materials and eye lens |
| CN107045212A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-15 | 逢甲大学 | Contact lenses using hydrogel films and methods of making same |
| CN107045212B (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2019-11-26 | 逢甲大学 | Contact lenses using hydrogel films and methods of making same |
| WO2018090330A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Implantable device and preparation method therefor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102289085B (en) | 2013-03-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102200650B (en) | Composite structured colored contact lens | |
| CN102289085B (en) | Color contact lens with colloid crystal aquogel serving as pigment and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102193212B (en) | Method for preparing structural-color contact lens | |
| CN102323679B (en) | Structural color contact lens based on coffee ring effect and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103941418B (en) | There are contact lenses of colloidal photon crystal schemochrome and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102289086B (en) | Color contact lens with micro-structure surface and preparation method thereof | |
| US7278736B2 (en) | Contact lenses imparting a vivacious appearance to the eye | |
| CN102193213B (en) | Brightly colorful contact lens and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103980643A (en) | Blue light cut nano compound resin material, lens and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105116564A (en) | Contact lenses having photonic crystal structural color and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN103992422A (en) | Anti-blue light nanometer composite monomer material and anti-blue light optical resin prepared from same | |
| CN100347570C (en) | Wide frequency domain radiation-proof otpcial filter and its manufacturing method | |
| Shen et al. | Transparent and UV blocking structural colored hydrogel for contact lenses | |
| CN110587882B (en) | Ultraviolet-proof structure color contact lens and preparation method thereof | |
| TWI248530B (en) | Color contact lens having hologram and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN207232560U (en) | A kind of schemochrome sun contact lenses | |
| CN103937025A (en) | Therapeutic agent-containing contact lenses and preparation method thereof | |
| TWI725719B (en) | Spectacle lens material, spectacle lens and its manufacturing process for anti-blue light | |
| JP2013221000A (en) | Spherical cellulose powder and cosmetic including the same | |
| CN108749049B (en) | Die rubbing type anti-dazzling lens and preparation method thereof | |
| TW202102898A (en) | Functional contact lens and method for dyeing functional contact lens | |
| CN202975512U (en) | Tinted photochromic lens | |
| CN111025682B (en) | Multi-color sunglasses and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN105700189A (en) | Color-changing lens | |
| CN207817336U (en) | iris equivalent mirror |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130306 Termination date: 20140825 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |