CN102288508A - Method for implementing analysis of cracking depth of industrial cracking furnace - Google Patents

Method for implementing analysis of cracking depth of industrial cracking furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102288508A
CN102288508A CN2010102044773A CN201010204477A CN102288508A CN 102288508 A CN102288508 A CN 102288508A CN 2010102044773 A CN2010102044773 A CN 2010102044773A CN 201010204477 A CN201010204477 A CN 201010204477A CN 102288508 A CN102288508 A CN 102288508A
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gas
pyrolysis furnace
analyzed
propylene
liquid
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杜志国
巴海鹏
张永刚
张利军
张兆斌
王国清
南秀琴
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for implementing analysis of a cracking depth of an industrial cracking furnace, which comprises steps of material lead-out, cooling, gas-liquid separation, drying and on-line analysis. A corresponding automatic switching system is also used in the method. The method particularly comprises the following steps of: (1) material flow lead-out, i.e. leading out a stream of pyrolysis product material flow at an inlet or an outlet of a waste heat boiler or a quenching boiler of the industrial cracking furnace; (2) cooling, i.e. cooling the materials mentioned in the step (1) to form gas-liquid two-phase material flow; (3) gas-liquid separation, i.e. carrying out gas-liquid separation on the gas-liquid two-phase material flow cooled in the step (2), wherein a liquid phase comprises water, tar and solid impurities and a gas phase comprises pyrolysis gas and water vapour; (4) drying, i.e. drying gas-phase material flow obtained after gas-liquid separation is carried out in the step (3) to remove the water vapour in the gas-phase material flow; and (5) on-line analysis, i.e. filling the pyrolysis gas dried in the step (4) into an on-line chromatograph, analysing content of methane, ethylene and propylene in the pyrolysis gas and calculating the cracking depth by calculating the weight ratio of propylene to ethylene or methane to propylene.

Description

A kind of method that realizes that the industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity is analyzed
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that realizes that the industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity is analyzed, especially, relate to a kind of on-line chromatograph technology of utilizing and realize the method that the industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity is analyzed.
Background technology
At present, 98% of world Ethylene total production is all produced in the steam cracking mode by pyrolysis furnace, and the current and following ethene production capacity that increases newly is also mainly produced in the steam cracking mode by pyrolysis furnace.Pyrolysis furnace is a main device of producing basic Organic Chemicals such as ethene, propylene, butadiene, aromatic hydrocarbons, and the pyrolysis furnace energy consumption accounts for more than 70% of whole ethylene producing device.
In pyrolysis furnace production operation process, except cracking stock, the factor that influences the pyrolysis product yield be inlet amount (Foil), quantity of steam (DS) or dilution ratio (quantity of steam/inlet amount, RW/O), crack furnance radiation section furnace tube outlet temperature (COT).(quantity of steam/inlet amount RW/O) is come regulating and controlling by orifice flowmeter or mass flowmeter or vortex shedding flow meter usually, and its flow control accuracy is higher relatively for pyrolysis furnace inlet amount, quantity of steam or dilution ratio.Crack furnance radiation section furnace tube outlet temperature (COT) is normally inserted the thermopair of band protective sleeve in the waste heat boiler porch, so COT exists certain deviation usually.For with the COT deviation control of pyrolysis furnace in certain scope, the deviation range of COT is weighed in the pyrolysis furnace operation usually with cracking severity.Cracking severity is propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene weight ratio normally.
Industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler outlet pyrolysis product is warm high gas, and it forms complicated, mainly consists of water, lighter hydrocarbons, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbons and tar.In the existing pyrolysis furnace on-line chromatograph analytic process, except methane, ethene, propylene, also want on-line analysis hydrogen, ethane, propane.Analyze these gas contents for on-line chromatograph, need remove solid impurity, moisture and heavy hydrocarbon component in the pyrolysis product.The on-line analysis sampling system that present large and medium-sized ethylene producing device generally uses mainly comprises sampler and sample pretreatment system: sampler purifies the lysate sample of complexity, reflux section and cooled dehydrated section after filtration, solid particle, heavy hydrocarbon component and moisture are back to process pipe, light constituent is exported to sample pretreatment system; The effect of sample pretreatment system is that sample is further purified, the stable on-line chromatograph that exports to.Chinese patent CN1456895A, CN2519911Y, CN201173877Y propose to draw one pyrolysis gas logistics from the outlet of pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler, by pre-service such as pyrolysis gas cools off are realized the online sampling of pyrolysis gas or utilize on-line chromatograph to carry out on-line analysis.Obtain the content that the pyrolysis gas sample carries out off-line analysis or obtained hydrogen, methane, ethene, propylene in the pyrolysis gas by the on-line chromatograph analysis for online, thereby can calculate cracking severity, control pyrolysis furnace performance variable (raw material inlet amount, dilution steam generation amount, coil outlet temperature) by the control cracking severity, thereby realize the quiet run of pyrolysis furnace.
At present, there is following problem in actual use in the industrial pyrolysis furnace on-line chromatograph:
Detergent power deficiency, the solid impurity in the sample gas cause pipeline and on-line chromatograph injection port to stop up;
The heavy hydrocarbon component is condensed at pipeline in the sample gas, causes system jams;
Heavy constituent cause sample tap to stop up in the pyrolysis gas, even the chromatogram pollution might occur stopping up.
Because the problem of pretreatment system operation causes the operation that on-line chromatograph can't be continuous, stable, can not in time carry out on-line analysis to the methane in the pyrolysis gas, ethene, propylene etc., be difficult to determine the cracking severity of pyrolysis furnace operation, thereby influenced the yield of pyrolysis products such as ethene, propylene.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to realize industrial pyrolysis furnace quiet run control, provide a kind of application on-line chromatograph to realize industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity continuous on-line analysis method, thereby the realization industrial pyrolysis furnace is steadily produced cracking products such as ethene, propylene, butadiene, aromatic hydrocarbons.
Method provided by the invention is drawn one high-temperature split product gaseous stream in the inlet or the outlet of industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler.This logistics comprises water, hydrogen, ethane, ethene, propylene, propane and aromatic hydrocarbons and tar.The control of industrial crack furnace operating is weighed with the size of cracking severity usually, and cracking severity is represented with the weight ratio of propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene usually.Because existing industrial on-line chromatograph can not be analyzed carbon four and carbon four above components, therefore need carry out just entering industrial on-line chromatograph after the pre-service to pyrolysis product.The high-temperature split product pre-service comprises cooling, gas-liquid separation, dry run, to remove water in the pyrolysis product, tar and most of carbon five components, makes analyzable carbon four and carbon four following components enter industrial on-line chromatograph.In addition, this method also is equipped with a cover automatic switching system, closes towards the valve of refrigeratory when pyrolysis furnace charring or parking and opens anti-scorch steam simultaneously, not stopped up by impurity such as solid and tar with the protection pipeline; When pyrolysis furnace is produced, close anti-scorch steam valve and open simultaneously, to guarantee the ordinary production of pyrolysis furnace towards the refrigeratory valve.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
The invention provides the method that industrial on-line chromatograph is analyzed continuously, be used for the cracking severity control of industrial pyrolysis furnace.By pre-service to high-temperature split product, realize the long-term continuous temperature operation of industrial on-line chromatograph, described method may further comprise the steps:
Draw logistics: draw one pyrolysis product logistics at industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler (quenching boiler) inlet or outlet;
Cooling: the material cooling is formed the gas-liquid two-phase logistics;
Gas-liquid separation: cooled biphase gas and liquid flow is carried out gas-liquid separation, and liquid phase is water and tar and small amount of solid impurity, and gas phase is pyrolysis gas and a small amount of water vapor;
Dry: as the gaseous stream after the gas-liquid separation to be carried out drying, remove water vapor wherein;
On-line analysis: dried pyrolysis gas is fed on-line chromatograph carry out, analyze the wherein content of methane, ethene, propylene, the weight ratio by calculating propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene is to calculate cracking severity.
Preferably, in step (1), the described logistics of drawing is the pyrolysis furnace pyrolysis product, and its composition comprises water, hydrogen, alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbons, tar.The position that the pyrolysis product logistics is drawn is in the inlet or the outlet of industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler (quenching boiler).
More preferably because pyrolysis product also will proceed steam cracking reaction by waste heat boiler, the pyrolysis product of waste heat boiler outlet form with enter the mouth slightly different, so pyrolysis product logistics extraction location preferably enters the mouth.
Preferably, after described pyrolysis product logistics was drawn, its temperature was up to 780 to 870 ℃.At high temperature continue steam cracking reaction for fear of pyrolysis product, need cool off at once, in case the crack arrest hydrolysis products carries out secondary reaction this logistics.Pyrolysis product is cooled to-5 to 5 ℃ in the very short time, with most water, tar, carbon five above alkane and alkene cooling liquefy, so that gas-liquid separation.
More preferably, described pyrolysis product logistics chilling temperature can not be low excessively, and cross to hang down and can cause water to build-up ice, thus blocking pipe.Therefore described pyrolysis product logistics chilling temperature is preferred 0 ℃.
Preferably, described cooled pyrolysis product logistics need be carried out gas-liquid separation.In gas-liquid separator, gaseous stream up flows to exsiccator naturally, and liquid phase stream and small amount of solid impurity flow to the waste liquid tank field downwards.Gaseous stream mainly consists of micro-water vapor, hydrogen, carbon one to butane alkene, a spot of carbon five.
Preferably, the gaseous stream after the described gas-liquid separation need carry out drying, removes water vapor wherein before entering process-scale chromatography, damages or analyzes and forbidden to prevent that remaining water vapor from causing process-scale chromatography.Drying agent is not for absorbing organic substance in the potpourri, as anhydrous calcium chloride etc.
Preferably, the gaseous stream after the described drying enters the molar content that process-scale chromatography analyzes methane, ethene, propylene etc. afterwards, to calculate cracking severity, i.e. propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene weight ratio.
Preferably, described a kind of method of using online chromatographic technique to realize that the industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity is analyzed continuously has a cover automatic switching system, this recloser is made up of anti-scorch steam, valve, pipeline, and automatic switching system and pyrolysis furnace Distributed Control System (DCS) (DCS) link; When pyrolysis furnace is in nonproductive state (stop or burn), automatic switching system can be closed the valve towards refrigeratory, opens anti-scorch steam simultaneously to being blown into waste heat boiler; When pyrolysis furnace entered production status, automatic switching system was closed anti-scorch steam, opened the valve that leads to refrigeratory by the cracking material.
In sum, draw one pyrolysis product logistics at industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler (quenching boiler) inlet or outlet, this pyrolysis product is cooled off, gas-liquid separation, enters process-scale chromatography after dry and carry out the on-line continuous analysis, analyze the molar content of products such as wherein methane, ethene, propylene, to calculate the cracking severity (propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene weight ratio) of pyrolysis furnace operation.Also have a cover automatic switching system among the present invention, can prevent that by this automatic switching system improper production (as burning) from can cause the boiler tube phenomenon of blocking, thereby improve stability and long-term operation that industrial on-line chromatograph is analyzed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the continuous analytic system of industrial on-line chromatograph that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 2 is the industrial on-line chromatograph analysis result and average COT figure that the present invention relates to.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.Scope of the present invention is not limited by embodiment.
On-line chromatograph analytic system of the present invention (as shown in Figure 1).The on-line chromatograph analytic system is made up of hydrocooler B, ice-cooled device C, gas-liquid separator D, exsiccator E, on-line industry chromatogram F and automatic switching system.At industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler (quenching boiler) A inlet drilling and pipeline is set, and link with automatic switching system, hydrocooler B, ice-cooled device C, gas-liquid separator D, exsiccator E, industrial on-line chromatograph F.
From the pyrolysis product logistics that the waste heat boiler inlet is drawn, its composition is mainly water, alkane, alkene, tar.Because the pyrolysis product temperature reaches 780 to 870 ℃, need cool down at once in case crack arrest hydrolysis products generation secondary reaction.
Automatic opening and closing system is made up of pneumatic on-off valve 1,2,3, and wherein pneumatic on-off valve 3 is valves of the anti-scorch steam of control.Anti-scorch steam is from the low pressure steam or the low-pressure steam of industrial pyrolysis furnace, and pressure is 3 to 5 kilograms.When the pyrolysis furnace production run, valve 3 can be closed, and valve 1 and 2 can be opened, and the anti-scorch steam of pyrolysis product logistics meeting inflow water steaming cooling B then can not flow into like this; When pyrolysis furnace charring or parking, valve 1 and 3 can be opened, and valve 2 can be closed, and anti-scorch like this steam can flow in the waste heat boiler, prevents tar or coke powder blocking pipe.
Hydrocooler B is the double-pipe cooler of built-in coil pipe, and chilled water flows outside coil pipe, and pyrolysis product flows at disk management.Chilled water flows into from the refrigeratory lower end, flows out from the upper end.Cooling water inlet temperature is 0 to 28 ℃, and outlet temperature is 35 to 50 ℃.It is big that the relative pyrolysis product flow of the film-cooled heat of refrigeratory is wanted, so that pyrolysis product cools down rapidly.
Ice-cooled device C is the double-pipe cooler of built-in coil pipe.Built-in a large amount of mixture of ice and water in the ice-cooled device, pyrolysis product logistics flow in coil pipe.It is big that the relative pyrolysis product flow of the card area of ice-cooled device is wanted, so that pyrolysis product is cooled to-5 ℃ to 5 ℃ rapidly.
Gas-liquid separator D is the closed container of natural separation.After the pyrolysis product logistics that is cooled entered from the gas-liquid separator top, liquid phase and a spot of solid impurity flowed into the jar that stores waste liquid through valve 10 downwards, and gaseous stream then upwards flows in the exsiccator E by top exit.
Exsiccator E is made up of two identical exsiccators usually, and one of them is standby.Drying agent can adopt and not absorb and adsorbs olefins and alkane drying agent, as anhydrous calcium chloride etc.Gaseous stream by under enter in the exsiccator, at the water vapor of removing when the drying agent wherein, the gaseous stream after being dried flows out into industrial on-line chromatograph by the exsiccator top.
In industrial on-line chromatograph, the analyzed back of gaseous stream is by directly emptying.Yield by products such as the methane in the analysis gaseous stream, ethene, propylene can calculate cracking severity.This system has carried out installing application at the industrial pyrolysis furnace of certain olefin plant, show through the macrocyclic actual result that uses: the water in this system, tar, solid impurity separating effect are comparatively obvious, install that stopping state does not appear in rear line, pollution condition does not appear in on-line chromatograph.The on-line industry chromatogram realizes the long period stability analysis, utilizes the cracking severity of analysis result calculating and the average COT variation tendency identical (as shown in Figure 2) of industrial pyrolysis furnace operation.

Claims (10)

1. a method that realizes that the industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity is analyzed is characterized in that comprising and draws material, cooling, gas-liquid separation, drying, on-line analysis and corresponding automatic switching system, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) draws logistics: draw one pyrolysis product logistics at industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler or quenching boiler inlet or outlet;
(2) cooling: the described material cooling of step (1) is formed the gas-liquid two-phase logistics;
(3) gas-liquid separation: the cooled biphase gas and liquid flow of step (2) is carried out gas-liquid separation, and liquid phase is water and tar and solid impurity, and gas phase is pyrolysis gas and water vapor;
(4) drying: the gaseous stream after step (3) gas-liquid separation is carried out drying, remove water vapor wherein;
(5) on-line analysis: the dried pyrolysis gas of step (4) is fed on-line chromatograph carry out, analyze the wherein content of methane, ethene, propylene, the weight ratio by calculating propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene is to calculate cracking severity.
2. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 1 is analyzed is characterized in that the described logistics of drawing is the pyrolysis furnace pyrolysis product, and its composition comprises water, hydrogen, alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbons, tar.
3. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 1 is analyzed is characterized in that, the temperature of material cooling is-5 ℃ to 5 ℃ in the described step (2).
4. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 3 is analyzed is characterized in that, the preferred temperature of described material cooling is 0 ℃.
5. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 1 is analyzed, it is characterized in that described step comprises gas-liquid separator in (3), in gas-liquid separator, gaseous stream up flows to exsiccator naturally, and liquid phase stream and solid impurity flow to the waste liquid tank field downwards; Gaseous stream mainly consists of micro-water vapor, hydrogen, carbon one to butane alkene, carbon five.
6. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 1 is analyzed, it is characterized in that, described step (4) need be carried out drying, removes water vapor wherein before entering process-scale chromatography, and drying agent is not for absorbing the organic substance in the potpourri.
7. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 6 is analyzed is characterized in that described organic substance comprises anhydrous calcium chloride.
8. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 1 is analyzed, it is characterized in that, described automatic switching system is made up of anti-scorch steam, valve, pipeline, automatic switching system and pyrolysis furnace Distributed Control System (DCS) link, when pyrolysis furnace is in nonproductive state, automatic switching system can be closed the valve towards refrigeratory, opens anti-scorch steam simultaneously to being blown into waste heat boiler; When pyrolysis furnace entered production status, automatic switching system was closed anti-scorch steam, opened the valve that leads to refrigeratory by the cracking material.
9. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 8 is analyzed is characterized in that, described nonproductive state is for stopping or burning.
10. the method that realization industrial pyrolysis furnace cracking severity according to claim 1 is analyzed is characterized in that described cracking severity is meant the weight ratio of propylene/ethylene or methane/propylene.
CN2010102044773A 2010-06-18 2010-06-18 Method for implementing analysis of cracking depth of industrial cracking furnace Pending CN102288508A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104374663A (en) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Maximum cracking degree determination method of coking raw material
CN104596472A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-06 合肥通用机械研究院 Ethylene cracking furnace tube magnetic memory detection and safety evaluation method
CN106483090A (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of gas in-situ infrared spectroscopy instrument pretreatment unit and method
CN107261776A (en) * 2017-08-16 2017-10-20 浙江长华汽车零部件有限公司 Efficient cracking gas steam removal device
CN110823749A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-21 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司 Multifunctional high-pressure reaction evaluation device and method

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CN1686973A (en) * 2005-04-13 2005-10-26 华东理工大学 Intelligent method for controlling cracking severity of cracking furnace in ethylene equipment
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CN201173877Y (en) * 2008-03-28 2008-12-31 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Ethylene cracking gas on-line analysis sampling device

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104374663A (en) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Maximum cracking degree determination method of coking raw material
CN104596472A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-06 合肥通用机械研究院 Ethylene cracking furnace tube magnetic memory detection and safety evaluation method
CN104596472B (en) * 2015-01-04 2017-04-12 合肥通用机械研究院 Ethylene cracking furnace tube magnetic memory detection and safety evaluation method
CN106483090A (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-08 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of gas in-situ infrared spectroscopy instrument pretreatment unit and method
CN107261776A (en) * 2017-08-16 2017-10-20 浙江长华汽车零部件有限公司 Efficient cracking gas steam removal device
CN110823749A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-21 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司 Multifunctional high-pressure reaction evaluation device and method

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Application publication date: 20111221