CN102287492B - Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type - Google Patents
Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type Download PDFInfo
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- CN102287492B CN102287492B CN 201110143887 CN201110143887A CN102287492B CN 102287492 B CN102287492 B CN 102287492B CN 201110143887 CN201110143887 CN 201110143887 CN 201110143887 A CN201110143887 A CN 201110143887A CN 102287492 B CN102287492 B CN 102287492B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-clutch transmission provided of axis fixed planet gear-type. The transmission comprises a variable speed controller (1) and a planet gear shifting mechanism, wherein the planet gear shifting mechanism comprises a driving sun gear (7), a driven sun gear (10) and a plurality of planet gear pairs; the planet gear pair comprises a driving planet gear (8) and a driven planet gear (9), which share a same shaft, and one of which is used as a clutch gear; the clutch gear comprises a clutch base body (11) around which a plurality of clutch mechanisms are evenly distributed in a circumference, and an outer gear ring (19) which is provided with friction lining (16) fixed on the inner side wall; the planet gear shaft inside is provided with an oil flow through-hole (12) which is connected with a hydraulic pump through a pipe via a three way solenoid valve (5) which is connected with the variable speed controller (1); and the clutch base body is provided with a pipeline system and a plurality of pistons (13). The invention has the characteristics that the clutch unit and gear shifting unit are integrated effectively in the clutch gear, thus the multilevel gear shifting transmission can be realized with less power transmitting loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical transmission, specifically a kind of Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type.
Background technique
Speed changer is can fix or stepping changes the gear drive of output shaft and input shaft velocity ratio, claims again gearbox.Speed changer is comprised of driving mechanism and gear, is widely used in lathe, vehicle and other need on the machine of speed change.
Speed changer is one of topmost parts in automotive transmission, by changing velocity ratio, changing turning of engine crankshaft refuses, adaptation is starting to walk, is accelerating, travelling and is overcoming under the different driving conditions such as different kinds of roads obstruction driving the different needs that require of net tractive force of wheel and the speed of a motor vehicle, is divided on popular: 1) CVT (continuously variable transmission) (CVT); 2) automatic mechanical transmission (AMT); 3) hydraulic automatic speed variator (AT); 4) mechanical type manual speed-changer (MT); 5) double-clutch automatic transmission (DCT).
Above-mentioned speed changer has the shortcoming of self: the first kind (CVT) transmission efficiency is low, and the torque capacity of transmission is limited, and is expensive; Have power interruption in Equations of The Second Kind (AMT) shift process, volume is larger; The 3rd class (AT) transmission efficiency is low, expensive; Have power interruption in the 4th class (MT) shift process, gearshift need to be trampled clutch, can not self shifter; The 5th class (DCT) complex structure, reliability is low, and control program is complicated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type, by clutch gear, effective integration is carried out in clutch and speed change, clutch, transmission synchronization are carried out, the process of clutch, speed change is shorter, one-tenth capable of being combined is than existing AT, the more velocity ratio of MT iso-variable velocity device (more than can realizing 10 speed), interval between each stage gear ratio is less, thus can and motor between better the coupling, speed change is more steady.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention:
A kind of Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type comprises variable-speed controller and the epicyclic transmission that is positioned at gearbox;
described epicyclic transmission comprises the active sun gear that is positioned at the center, from the driven sun gear of active sun gear out-of-alignment and many to velocity ratio different be centered around initiatively sun gear, the planetary pinion of driven sun gear surrounding is to (due to planetary pinion in the present invention to being dead axle rather than rotation axis, therefore, the planetary pinion of indication of the present invention is to refering in particular to a plurality of gear mesh around a central gear), planetary pinion is to being comprised of coaxial active planetary pinion and driven planetary pinion, wherein initiatively planetary pinion is intermeshing with the active sun gear, driven planetary pinion and driven sun gear are intermeshing, initiatively there is one in planetary pinion and driven planetary pinion and is clutch gear,
Described clutch gear is the combination of gear and clutch, formed by the gear outer ring that is connected in the clutch matrix on planet pin and is arranged on that the star gear shaft that can arbitrarily detour of clutch matrix outer ring rotates, connect firmly friction plate on the inwall of gear outer ring, the clutch matrix circumferentially be evenly arranged several clutch mechanismes, clutch mechanism comprises brake pad, the centrifugal force balanced lever that is connected with the brake pad axle, be arranged on lever shaft on the clutch matrix, be arranged on the Returnning spring of the centrifugal force balanced lever the other end; Be provided with the oil circuit through hole in planet pin, the oil circuit through hole carries out pipeline by three-way solenoid valve and oil hydraulic pump and is connected, three-way solenoid valve is connected with variable-speed controller, when variable-speed controller sends electrical signal as required, three-way solenoid valve is opened in-line, and the pressure oil in oil hydraulic pump flows in planet pin by three-way solenoid valve; Be provided with the pipeline and the piston that are connected with planet pin oil circuit through hole on the clutch matrix, piston contacts with brake pad, when feed pressure in the oil circuit through hole of planet pin is oily, pushing piston overcomes the elastic force of Returnning spring, and the friction plate that promotes on brake pad and gear outer ring inwall rubs, locking, one of gear outer ring and clutch matrix formation this moment connects firmly body, gear outer ring and planet pin are done unitary rotation, and power passes to driven sun gear from the gear outer ring, realizes power transmission; When variable block or neutral, variable-speed controller sends other electrical signal as required in addition, at this moment, original three-way solenoid valve of opening is closed in-line, open return line, make the oil in planet pin oil circuit through hole be back to the hydraulic pressure pump chamber, the oil pressure of the oil circuit through hole of planet pin descends, brake pad separates with friction plate under the effect of Returnning spring, and power transmission disconnects.
The first order initiatively sun gear is connected with the output shaft of motor by input shaft, and the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of afterbody is connected with pto＝power take-off.
Epicyclic transmission in gearbox is one or more levels.
When adopting the primary planet pinion gear, power is directly exported by driven sun gear, and the quantity right according to planetary pinion can realize the power transmission of multiple different drive ratios.
When adopting multistage (generally being advisable with two-stage) epicyclic transmission, the active sun gear of first order epicyclic transmission is connected with the output shaft of motor by input shaft, the active sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of rear one-level is coaxial with the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of previous stage, and the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of afterbody is connected with pto＝power take-off.
Whether the variable-speed controller in the present invention decides oil hydraulic pump with Output pressure with output in which planet pin of epicyclic transmissions at different levels by the open and close of controlling three-way solenoid valve, and then controls the clutch of corresponding clutch gear, realizes speed change.
In every grade of epicyclic transmission, which clutch gear is in bonding state, and (bonding state can send electrical signal as required by variable-speed controller, three-way solenoid valve work is realized), power is just exported backward by the planetary pinion of becoming a partner with it, because dead axle epicyclic transmissions at different levels are cascades, therefore, planetary pinions at different levels make up mutually, can realize multiple velocity ratio.
The present invention carries out effective integration by the control to clutch gear in epicyclic transmission with clutch and speed change, and clutch, transmission synchronization are carried out, and can realize multi-change speed, and speed change is steadily rapid, and the loss of speed-change process medium power is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of epicyclic transmission of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical section structure schematic diagram of clutch gear of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the gearbox internal structure schematic diagram of embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the gearbox internal structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1, variable-speed controller; 2, gearbox; 3, output shaft; 4, oil hydraulic pump; 5, three-way solenoid valve; 6, input shaft; 7, active sun gear; 8, active planetary pinion; 9, driven planetary pinion; 10, driven sun gear; 11, clutch matrix; 12, oil circuit through hole; 13, piston; 14, Returnning spring; 15 lever shafts; 16, friction plate; 17, brake pad; 18, centrifugal force balanced lever; 19, gear outer ring; 20, idle pulley; 21, clutch gear.
Embodiment
Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type involved in the present invention comprises variable-speed controller 1 and the epicyclic transmission that is positioned at gearbox 2, as shown in Figure 1.
described epicyclic transmission comprises the active sun gear 7 that is positioned at the center, from the driven sun gear 10 of active sun gear out-of-alignment and many to velocity ratio different be centered around initiatively sun gear, the planetary pinion of driven sun gear surrounding pair, planetary pinion is to being comprised of coaxial active planetary pinion 8 and driven planetary pinion 9, wherein initiatively planetary pinion 8 is intermeshing with active sun gear 7, driven planetary pinion 9 is intermeshing with driven sun gear 10, initiatively there is one in planetary pinion 8 and driven planetary pinion 9 and is clutch gear, as shown in Figure 2, initiatively planetary pinion 8 is clutch gear.
Described clutch gear is the combination of gear and clutch, as shown in Figure 3, formed by the gear outer ring 19 that is connected in the clutch matrix 11 on planet pin and is arranged on that the star gear shaft that can arbitrarily detour of clutch matrix outer ring rotates, connect firmly friction plate 16 on the inwall of gear outer ring, the clutch matrix circumferentially be evenly arranged several clutch mechanismes, clutch mechanism comprises brake pad 17, the centrifugal force balanced lever 18 that is connected with brake pad 17 axles, be arranged on lever shaft 15 on clutch matrix 11, be arranged on the Returnning spring 14 of the centrifugal force balanced lever the other end; Be provided with oil circuit through hole 12 in planet pin, the oil circuit through hole carries out pipeline by three-way solenoid valve 5 with oil hydraulic pump 4 and is connected, three-way solenoid valve 5 is connected with variable-speed controller 1, when variable-speed controller 1 sends electrical signal as required, three-way solenoid valve 5 is opened, and the pressure oil in oil hydraulic pump flows in planet pin by three-way solenoid valve 5; Be provided with the pipeline and the piston 13 that are connected with planet pin oil circuit through hole on clutch matrix 11, piston 13 contacts with brake pad 17, when feed pressure in the oil circuit through hole of planet pin is oily, pushing piston 13 overcomes the elastic force of Returnning spring 14, promoting brake pad 17 rubs with friction plate 16 on 19 inwalls of gear outer ring, locking, gear this moment outer ring 19 forms one with clutch matrix 11 and connects firmly body, unitary rotation is done with planet pin in gear outer ring 19, power passes to planet pin from the gear outer ring, transmit backward through planetary pinion 9, realize power transmission; When variable block or neutral, variable-speed controller 1 sends other electrical signal as required in addition, at this moment, original three-way solenoid valve 5 of opening is closed in-line, open return line, make the oil in planet pin oil circuit through hole be back to the hydraulic pressure pump chamber, the oil pressure of the oil circuit through hole of planet pin descends, brake pad 17 separates with friction plate 16 under the effect of Returnning spring, and power transmission disconnects.
The present invention adopts the secondary planetary gear gear, as shown in Figure 4.The active sun gear of the first order epicyclic transmission of the secondary planetary gear gear in gearbox 2 is connected with the output shaft of motor by input shaft 6, the active sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of rear one-level is coaxial with the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of previous stage, and the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of afterbody is connected with pto＝power take-off 3.
In epicyclic transmission in described gearbox 2, driven planetary pinion and driven sun gear can change the sense of rotation of driven sun gear by idle pulley 20 engagements, are used for reverse gear.
According to characteristics of the present invention, the structure that applies to reverse gear can also adopt another kind of mode, i.e. coaxial connection clutch gear 21 on the active sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of one-level in the end, clutch gear 21 and driven sun gear engagement, thereby change the sense of rotation of driven sun gear, be used for reverse gear.As shown in Figure 5.
Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type working procedure of the present invention following (take automobile as example, the gearbox inner structure adopts the secondary planetary gear gear as shown in Figure 4):
1, when the motor of automobile has just started, all in the secondary planetary gear gear initiatively planetary pinion 8 (clutch gear) are all separated, at this moment, the power of motor is transferred to initiatively sun gear 7 of the first order by input shaft 6, and the gear outer ring 19 of meshing the active planetary pinion 8 that is delivered to the first order by gear, because active planetary pinion 8 is in separated state, so power can not be transferred to the driven planetary pinion 9 of the first order, also can't transmit backward.
2, when one grade of starting of automobile, variable-speed controller 1 sends electrical signal, the corresponding three-way solenoid valve 6 of active planetary pinion 8 that two planetary pinions of velocity ratio maximum in first order epicyclic transmission and second level epicyclic transmission are right is opened simultaneously, at this moment, two active planetary pinions of the first order and second level velocity ratio maximum make gear outer ring 19 and clutch matrix 11 form one under hydraulic pressure and connect firmly body, the power of motor passes to initiatively sun gear 7 of the first order from input shaft 6, again by active planetary pinion 8, driven planetary pinion 9, driven sun gear 10 is delivered to second level epicyclic transmission, pass to output shaft 3 by the driven sun gear in the second level at last, realize power output.
3, when needs are shifted gears, variable-speed controller 1 as required or relevant information send electrical signal, open and control the initiatively three-way solenoid valve 6 of planetary pinion 8, make the planetary gear of corresponding active outer ring 19 and 11 combinations of clutch matrix, can realize gearshift (forward gear or reverse gear).
Owing to generally respectively being provided with many planetary pinions to different drive ratios pair in first order epicyclic transmission and second level epicyclic transmission, in the two-stage variable transmission mechanism, the combination of different planet gear mesh can realize multiple different overall velocity ratio.
Variable-speed controller 1 is mainly controlled speed change, can be manual control, can be also automatic control.If manually control, need a simple logical circuit in manual transmission, different gears is corresponding with the electromagnetic valve circuit that needs corresponding connection, action by shift handle namely switches to different gears and realizes speed change, when the control electric wire of gear does not all have electric current output, be neutral.If automatically control, need the data-signals such as engine speed, output shaft rotating speed, throttle are transported to variable-speed controller, control again the clutch of different clutch gears after processing through variable-speed controller.
When speed changer adopts the primary planet pinion gear, the numbers of gear steps of realizing is less, mainly be applicable to manual transmission, adopt manual transmission of the present invention directly to shift gears, and in common manual transmission (MT) when gearshift, need disengage the clutch; When adopting the two-stage planet gear, the gear of realization more (more than 10 speed) is applicable to automatic transmission.
Because the technical solution used in the present invention need to not access independent clutch between motor and speed changer, if so conditions permit, the active sun gear 7 of the first order in speed changer can be the flywheel of motor, because flywheel diameter is larger, flywheel can be processed into gear ring, the driven sun gear of the first order also is processed into gear ring, and the first order is planetary pinion and the interior engagement of the driven sun gear ring of flywheel, driven planetary pinion and the first order initiatively.
Oil hydraulic pump is arranged in the oil hydraulic pump assembly, comprises the component such as pump grease chamber, accumulator, relief valve, and the steady pressure of modest size is provided for the combination of clutch gear.
Clutch gear in the present invention can replace with the similar clutch gear of other structures.
The present invention not only can be applicable to automobile variable speed, also can be applicable to the field that other need speed change.
Claims (5)
1. Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type is characterized in that: comprise variable-speed controller (1) and be positioned at the epicyclic transmission of gearbox (2);
described epicyclic transmission comprises the active sun gear (7) that is positioned at the center, from the driven sun gear of active sun gear out-of-alignment (10) and many to the different planetary pinion that is centered around sun gear surrounding initiatively of velocity ratio pair, planetary pinion is to being comprised of coaxial active planetary pinion (8) and driven planetary pinion (9), wherein initiatively planetary pinion (8) is intermeshing with active sun gear (7), driven planetary pinion (9) is intermeshing with driven sun gear (10), initiatively there is one in planetary pinion (8) and driven planetary pinion (9) and is clutch gear,
described clutch gear forms by being connected in the clutch matrix (11) on planet pin and being arranged on the gear outer ring (19) that the star gear shaft that can arbitrarily detour of clutch matrix outer ring rotates, connect firmly friction plate (16) on the inwall of gear outer ring, circumferentially be evenly arranged several clutch mechanismes at the clutch matrix, clutch mechanism comprises brake pad (17), the centrifugal force balanced lever (18) that is connected with brake pad (17) axle, be arranged on the lever shaft (15) on clutch matrix (11), be arranged on the Returnning spring (14) of the centrifugal force balanced lever the other end, be provided with oil circuit through hole (12) in planet pin, the oil circuit through hole carries out pipeline by three-way solenoid valve (5) with oil hydraulic pump (4) and is connected, and three-way solenoid valve (5) is connected with variable-speed controller (1), be provided with the pipeline and the piston (13) that are connected with planet pin oil circuit through hole on clutch matrix (11), piston (13) contacts with brake pad (17),
The first order initiatively sun gear is connected with the output shaft of motor by input shaft (6), and the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of afterbody is connected with pto＝power take-off (3).
2. Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the epicyclic transmission in gearbox is multistage.
3. Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the epicyclic transmission in described gearbox (2), driven planetary pinion (9) meshes by idle pulley (20) with driven sun gear (10).
4. Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the end coaxial connection clutch gear (21) on the active sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of one-level, clutch gear (21) and the engagement of driven sun gear.
5. Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the active sun gear of the first order epicyclic transmission of the multi-stage planetary gear gear in gearbox (2) is connected with the output shaft of motor by input shaft (6), the active sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of rear one-level is coaxial with the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of previous stage, and the driven sun gear of the epicyclic transmission of afterbody is connected with pto＝power take-off (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110143887 CN102287492B (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110143887 CN102287492B (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102287492A CN102287492A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| CN102287492B true CN102287492B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN 201110143887 Expired - Fee Related CN102287492B (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Multi-clutch transmission of axis fixed planet gear-type |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103256351B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-08-19 | 河南科技大学 | Multi-clutch speed change gear |
| CN103256346B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-08-19 | 河南科技大学 | Planet row convergent current type multi-clutch speed changer |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB824684A (en) * | 1956-11-14 | 1959-12-02 | Twiflex Couplings | Improvements in or relating to centrifugal couplings |
| US4674612A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1987-06-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Auxiliary equipment transmission |
| CN2124343U (en) * | 1992-04-25 | 1992-12-09 | 杜宗禄 | Effective drum type brake with optionally setting efficiency |
| CN1067299A (en) * | 1991-05-25 | 1992-12-23 | 王文贵 | Manually and automatic slepless power variable speed case |
| CN2352442Y (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | 周文政 | Automatic speed-changing mechanism of electric vehicle |
| CN2708028Y (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2005-07-06 | 梁德贤 | Improved friction clutch |
-
2011
- 2011-05-18 CN CN 201110143887 patent/CN102287492B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB824684A (en) * | 1956-11-14 | 1959-12-02 | Twiflex Couplings | Improvements in or relating to centrifugal couplings |
| US4674612A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1987-06-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Auxiliary equipment transmission |
| CN1067299A (en) * | 1991-05-25 | 1992-12-23 | 王文贵 | Manually and automatic slepless power variable speed case |
| CN2124343U (en) * | 1992-04-25 | 1992-12-09 | 杜宗禄 | Effective drum type brake with optionally setting efficiency |
| CN2352442Y (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | 周文政 | Automatic speed-changing mechanism of electric vehicle |
| CN2708028Y (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2005-07-06 | 梁德贤 | Improved friction clutch |
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| CN102287492A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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