CN102286801A - Preparation method of flexible PLA (Polylactic Acid) fibers with efficient hydrolytic resistance - Google Patents
Preparation method of flexible PLA (Polylactic Acid) fibers with efficient hydrolytic resistance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of flexible PLA (Polylactic Acid) fibers with efficient hydrolytic resistance. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing PLA slices with a hydrolytic-resistance agent, performing melting blending, extruding and drying to obtain master batch; and (2) uniformly mixing the PLA slices, a plasticizer and the master batch, then performing melting spinning to obtain winding filaments, and then drafting to obtain the flexible PLA fibers with the efficient hydrolytic resistance. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple, has low requirements on equipment and can realize large-scale production; and the flexible PLA functional fibers provided by the invention have the advantages of good hydrolytic-resistance effect, high elongation percentage and high toughness, are beneficial to overcoming of the defects of high brittleness, low elongation percentage and the like of interior ornament materials, and have an broadened application range when used as automotive materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of modified polylactic acid fiber material, particularly a kind of flexible PLA fiber preparation method of efficient anti-hydrolysis.
Background technology
PLA (PLA) is a kind of wide material sources, and the macromolecular material of biodegradable, because alternative exhausted day by day petroleum resources cause common concern both domestic and external in recent years.PLA is widely used in the plastics field at present, but also less relatively in the application in fibrous material field.
The PLA fiber has natural degradable, its goods discarded after in the soil microbial action degradable be carbon dioxide and water, can not distribute toxic gas during burning yet, be the new generation of green fiber of a kind of " low-carbon environment-friendly ".The PLA fiber has just been realized industrialized developing in late nineteen nineties in 20th century, but because hydrolytic resistance can be relatively poor, limited its extensive use, especially in the automotive upholstery field, material stands hot and humid environment for a long time and will cause the intensity of goods to descend greatly, has had a strong impact on the application in this respect of PLA fiber.
Chinese invention patent 200810019904.3 discloses a kind of method for preparing polylactic acid fiber with high hydrolytic resistance, it is by polylactic resin and be mixed with five member ring heterocyclic compound, the phosphorus serial inorganic salts makes through the melt spinning extension, its precursor is at the strength retention that has after 30 minutes through 120 ℃ of hot water treatment more than 80%, improved goods at high temperature, add the dyeability of depressing.The preparation of the disclosed a kind of high anti-hydrolysis acid fiber by polylactic of Chinese invention patent 200910029689.X, be by in PLA, adding epoxy-capped dose of composition of ethylene oxidic ester class, extend through melt spinning and to make, also can reach the PLA fiber at high temperature, add the dyeability of depressing.
Chinese patent 200810243807.2 discloses a kind of preparation method of hydrolysis resistant plastification polylactic acid film, it is to extrude by PLA and plasticizer, anti-hydrolysis stabilizer blend, be shaped to the hydrolysis resistant plastification polylactic acid film then, the machinability and the anti-hydrolytic performance of film have obtained large increase.
According to the record of No. the 3122485th, Japanese Patent Laid and No. 3393752 patent of special permission, carbodiimides can improve the hydrolysis-resisting agent of PLA.
The method that adopts in the above-mentioned patent has improved the hydrolytic resistance energy of PLA significantly, and still, the research of shortcomings such as, the toughness low such as percentage elongation that material is in use occurred, mobile difference is also less; Since the mechanism of action of the hydrolysis-resisting agent that adds be substantially by with PLA crosslinked/reaction of branch subchains such as branching reduces the concentration of end carboxyl, therefore, the viscosity of PLA itself can become greatly, and the pliability of its automotive upholstery goods can reduce, thereby reduces the service life of material.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of flexible PLA fiber preparation method of efficient anti-hydrolysis, and this preparation method is simple, to equipment require lowly, can be mass-produced; Flexible PLA fiber of the present invention, the PLA functional fibre that anti-hydrolysis effect is good, percentage elongation is high, toughness is high.
The flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis of the present invention comprises:
(1) the polylactic acid PLA section is mixed with hydrolysis-resisting agent, carry out melt blending, extrude and drying, make master batch;
(2) carry out melt spinning after PLA section, plasticizer and above-mentioned master batch are mixed, undrawn yarn, carry out drawing-off then, obtain having the flexible PLA fiber of efficient anti-hydrolysis.
The weight average molecular weight of PLA described in step (1) and (2) is 15w-30w, and moisture is 100ppm～500ppm.
Hydrolysis-resisting agent described in the step (1) is to contain 2, the compound of 3-epoxy-propoxyl group group, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, soap, magnalium hydrotalcite, methyl ethylene oxidic ester, ethyl ethylene oxidic ester, three-glycidyl based isocyanate, propyl group ethylene oxidic ester, glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, ethyl ethylene oxidic ester, 2, the adjacent phenylene of 2-two (2-oxazoline), 2,2-metaphenylene two (2-oxazoline), 2, one or more in 2-metaphenylene two (2-oxazoline), carbodiimides and the polycarbodiimide (PCDI).
The weight fraction that hydrolysis-resisting agent described in the step (1) accounts for the PLA total amount is: 0.5%-8.0%.
During with polylactic acid PLA section and hydrolysis-resisting agent mixing, also comprise plasticizer described in the step (1), the weight fraction that plasticizer accounts for the PLA total amount is: 0.5-5%; This plasticizer is one or more in polyglycolic acid, polyvinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, polycaprolactone, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, di-n-octyl sebacate, the chlorinated paraffin wax.
What the melt blending described in the step (1) adopted is double screw extruder; Extrusion temperature is 170-240 ℃;
The moisture of gained master batch is 100～400ppm in the step (1).
Plasticizer described in the step (2) is one or more in polyglycolic acid, polyvinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), epoxidized soybean oil, polycaprolactone, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, di-n-octyl sebacate, the chlorinated paraffin wax.
The weight fraction that plasticizer described in the step (2) accounts for the PLA total amount is 1-10%.
The technology of melt spinning is described in the step (2): spinning temperature is 190～240 ℃, and winding speed is 500～2000m/min, 1.5～5.5 times of drawing-off multiplying powers.
Resulting elastic recovery rate 〉=90% of flexible PLA fiber under 5% degree of stretching in the step (2) with efficient anti-hydrolysis; After humid heat treatment, strength retention is 60～95%.
Cardinal principle of the present invention is: PLA resin, hydrolysis-resisting agent, plasticizer is even by certain ratio of component blend, through the section of prepared in twin-screw extruder master batch, prepare the flexible PLA fiber of efficient hydrolytic resistance by melt spinning.
The present invention is by adding plasticizer in different modes, different ratios in PLA, being used corresponding hydrolysis-resisting agent (single or compound), to reach the PLA functional fibre that anti-hydrolysis effect is good, percentage elongation is high, toughness is high.
Anti-hydrolysis PLA fiber of the present invention is owing to have very high hydrolytic resistance, can improve the performance of PLA fiber under high temperature, high humidity, and itself and other fiber blend can be prepared non-woven mat, and then when making automotive upholstery (as ceiling), because better softness, can overcome drawbacks such as the inside gadget material fragility is big, percentage elongation is low, widen its application as automobile-used material.
Beneficial effect:
(1) preparation method of the present invention is simple, to equipment require lowly, can be mass-produced.
(2) flexible PLA fiber of the present invention, the PLA functional fibre that anti-hydrolysis effect is good, percentage elongation is high, toughness is high can overcome drawbacks such as the inside gadget material fragility is big, percentage elongation is low, widens its application as automobile-used material.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 100～110ppm; Dried PLA particle 90% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent methyl ethylene oxidic ester 10% weight mix, and with double screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 170 ℃, make the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 100～110ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, and wherein, the methyl ethylene oxidic ester accounts for 1% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 5% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 220 ℃, and winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off then, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.0, and the PLA fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 65%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 91%.
Embodiment 2
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 150～170ppm; Dried PLA particle 80% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent methyl ethylene oxidic ester 20% weight mix, and with double screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 180 ℃, make the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 150～160ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, wherein, 2% of methyl ethylene oxidic ester PLA total amount, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 8% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 210 ℃, and winding speed is 1000m/min, carries out drawing-off then, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.3, and the PLA fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 75%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 93%.
Embodiment 3
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 200～220ppm; Dried PLA particle 70% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent methyl ethylene oxidic ester 10%, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) 20% weight mix, melt blending, extruding pelletization, and extrusion temperature is 185 ℃, makes the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 100～110ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, and wherein, the methyl ethylene oxidic ester accounts for 1% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 5% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 210 ℃, and winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off then, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.0, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 70%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 91%.
Embodiment 4
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 300～305ppm; Dried PLA particle 70% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent 2, two (the 2-oxazolines) 10% of 2-metaphenylene, polycaprolactone 20% weight mix, melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 200 ℃, makes the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 200～220ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, wherein, 2,2-metaphenylene two (2-oxazoline) accounts for 2% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 8% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 210 ℃, and winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.3, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 77%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 93%.
Embodiment 5
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 400～480ppm; Dried PLA particle 90% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent polycarbodiimide (PCDI) 10% weight mix, and with double screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 185 ℃, make the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 250～280ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, and wherein, polycarbodiimide accounts for 0.5% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 5% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 220 ℃, and winding speed is 1500m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.0, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 85%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 91%.
Embodiment 6
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 100～150ppm; Dried PLA particle 90% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent polycarbodiimide (PCDI) 10% weight mix, and with double screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 190 ℃, make the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 130～150ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, and wherein, polycarbodiimide accounts for 1% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 8% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, spinning temperature is 210 ℃, and winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.3, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 95%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 93%.
Embodiment 7
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 120～150ppm; Dried PLA particle 70% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent polycarbodiimide (PCDI) 10%, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) 20% weight mix, with double screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 195 ℃, makes the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 350～380ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, and wherein, polycarbodiimide accounts for 0.5% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 5% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 220 ℃, and winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.0, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 88%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 93%.
Embodiment 8
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 200～250ppm; Dried PLA particle 90% weight and hydrolysis-resisting agent polycarbodiimide (PCDI) 5%, triphenyl phosphate 5% weight mix, and with double screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, extrusion temperature is 185 ℃, make the master batch section; Drying is carried out in section to master batch then, makes moisture reach 300～320ppm;
(2) dried master batch section and PLA particle, plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester (DBP) mix, and wherein, polycarbodiimide accounts for 2% of PLA total amount, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) accounts for 8% of PLA total amount; Obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 240 ℃, and winding speed is 1700m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.3, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 95%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 95%.
Comparative example 1
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 100ppm～500ppm;
(2) dried PLA particle directly carries out spinning on the one pack system spinning machine, and spinning temperature is 220 ℃, and winding speed is 1000m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 4.0, and the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 55%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 90%.
Comparative example 2
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 100ppm～500ppm;
(2) dried PLA particle, methyl ethylene oxidic ester (account for PLA total amount 1%) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) (account for PLA total amount 5%) mix, obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 220 ℃, winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.0, the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 60%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 90%.
Comparative example 3
(1) with the PLA particle through vacuumize, to moisture be 100ppm～500ppm;
(2) dried PLA particle, polycarbodiimide (PCDI) (account for PLA total amount 0.5%) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) (account for PLA total amount 5%) mix, obtain the PLA undrawn yarn through melt spinning, wherein, spinning temperature is 220 ℃, winding speed is 700m/min, carries out drawing-off at last, and the drawing-off multiplying power is 3.0, the fiber that obtains is through 85 ℃ of hot water treatment 10h, and strength retention is 80%; Fiber is under 5% degree of stretching, and elastic recovery rate is 90%.
Claims (10)
1. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of an efficient anti-hydrolysis comprises:
(1) polylactic acid PLA section and hydrolysis-resisting agent are mixed, carry out melt blending, extrude and drying, make master batch;
(2) carry out melt spinning after PLA section, plasticizer and above-mentioned master batch are mixed, undrawn yarn, carry out drawing-off then, obtain having the flexible PLA fiber of efficient anti-hydrolysis.
2. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight average molecular weight of the PLA section described in step (1) and (2) is 15w-30w, and moisture is 100ppm～500ppm.
3. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight fraction that the hydrolysis-resisting agent described in the step (1) accounts for the PLA total amount is: 0.5-8.0%; Hydrolysis-resisting agent is to contain 2, the compound of 3-epoxy-propoxyl group group, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, soap, magnalium hydrotalcite, methyl ethylene oxidic ester, ethyl ethylene oxidic ester, three-glycidyl based isocyanate, propyl group ethylene oxidic ester, glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, ethyl ethylene oxidic ester, 2, the adjacent phenylene of 2-two (2-oxazoline), 2,2-metaphenylene two (2-oxazoline), 2, one or more among 2-metaphenylene two (2-oxazoline), carbodiimides and the polycarbodiimide PCDI.
4. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in the step (1) during polylactic acid PLA section and hydrolysis-resisting agent mixing, also comprise plasticizer, the weight fraction that plasticizer accounts for the PLA total amount is: 0.5-5%; This plasticizer is one or more in polyglycolic acid, polyvinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, polycaprolactone, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, di-n-octyl sebacate, the chlorinated paraffin wax.
5. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: what the melt blending described in the step (1) adopted is double screw extruder; Extrusion temperature is 170-240 ℃.
6. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the moisture of gained master batch is 100～400ppm in the step (1).
7. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plasticizer described in the step (2) is one or more in polyglycolic acid, polyvinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, polycaprolactone, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, di-n-octyl sebacate, the chlorinated paraffin wax.
8. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight fraction that the plasticizer described in the step (2) accounts for the PLA total amount is 1-10%.
9. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the technology of melt spinning is described in the step (2): spinning temperature is 190～240 ℃, winding speed is 500～2000m/min, 1.5～5.5 times of drawing-off multiplying powers.
10. the flexible PLA fiber preparation method of a kind of efficient anti-hydrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: resulting elastic recovery rate 〉=90% of flexible PLA fiber under 5% degree of stretching with efficient anti-hydrolysis in the step (2); After humid heat treatment, strength retention is 60～95%.
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| US9982128B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2018-05-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fibers, wipes, and methods |
| WO2015047806A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fibers, wipes, and methods |
| US10006165B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2018-06-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fibers and wipes with epoxidized fatty ester disposed thereon, and methods |
| CN105579630A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-05-11 | 3M创新有限公司 | Fibers, wipes, and methods |
| CN105220264A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2016-01-06 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of modified polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN105220264B (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2017-10-13 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of modified polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110144638A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 东华大学 | A kind of filling hydrolytic-resistant polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110144639A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 东华大学 | A kind of soft, hydrolytic-resistant polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110144639B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-11-09 | 东华大学 | Soft and hydrolysis-resistant polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof |
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