CN102281336A - Method and system for host to initiate address conversion - Google Patents
Method and system for host to initiate address conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN102281336A CN102281336A CN2010102074904A CN201010207490A CN102281336A CN 102281336 A CN102281336 A CN 102281336A CN 2010102074904 A CN2010102074904 A CN 2010102074904A CN 201010207490 A CN201010207490 A CN 201010207490A CN 102281336 A CN102281336 A CN 102281336A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for a host to initiate address conversion, comprising: a gateway executes address allocation according to an address conversion request of the host, and returns back the allocated address to the host; the host packages data with the allocated address, and transmits the obtained data packets to the gateway; and the gateway performs decapsulation on the data packets and forwards the data to the server. With the method and the system, the host can participate in the address allocation, and can share a part of an address conversion function, thereby reducing load of the gateway.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the address transition technology of the communications field, be meant a kind of method and system of main frame initiation address transition especially.
Background technology
At present, Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4, Internet Protocol version 4) is a hot research problem in communication standard field to IPv6 (IPv6, Internet Protocol version 6) evolution technology.In foreseeable future, IPv4 and IPv6 network are also with long-term co-existence.In the IPv6 evolution process, compatibility issue is most important.And communication between heterogeneous networks and address transition technology are the keys that solves the heterogeneous networks intercommunication and use compatibility issue.
Traditional address transition (NAT, Network Address Translation) function is normally at the fire compartment wall on heterogeneous networks border, or realizes in the network equipment suitable with it (as specific address transfer gateway PNAT64).Address transition is usually directed to two networks with different address characteristics, modal scene occurs between IPv4 private network and the IPv4 the Internet, also can occur between the network of the different address characteristics of other any two tools, between IPv6 network and IPv4 network.When the fire compartment wall (or dedicated gateway) of network boundary is passed in the session (session) of network A initiation, the fire compartment wall (gateway) that is in two network edges can distribute the address of a network B to give this session from publicly-owned address pool, and set up an address correspondence table, be called binding table (binding table) again, wherein, the content of each clauses and subclauses is exactly the network source address of certain session in two heterogeneous networks.After this, each packet of this session is through fire compartment wall (or gateway) time, and fire compartment wall (or gateway) can carry out address transition to each packet, and transmit according to the content of binding table.
Fig. 1 is example with NAT64, and traditional address translation process is described.Specifically, this scene is an IPv6 application access IPv4 server.
1, IPv6 main frame (address is X) obtains the IPv6 address Y ' of IPv4 server correspondence by certain mode.The IPv6 main frame sends to the NAT64 gateway with data encapsulation in the IPv6 packet, the source address of this IPv6 packet is X, and destination address is Y '.
2, the NAT64 gateway is when receiving first packet of this session, set up binding table (X, Y '＜-x ", y); And carry out 64 address transition (being that the IPv6 address transition is the IPv4 address);
3, the NAT64 gateway is converted to the IPv4 packet with the IPv6 packet, and then the source address of this IPv4 packet is x ", destination address is y; Then, the NAT64 gateway sends to the IPv4 server with this IPv4 packet in the IPv4 network.
4, the IPv4 packet that returns to the NAT64 gateway of IPv4 server, its source address is y, destination address is x ";
5, the NAT64 gateway carries out 46 address transition (being that the IPv4 address transition is the IPv6 address) according to binding table, and then this IPv4 packet is converted into the IPv6 packet, and its source address is Y ', destination address X; Then, this IPv6 packet is sent to the IPv6 main frame in the IPv6 network.
6, after the IPv6 main frame received this IPv6 packet, IPv6 main frame and the two-way communication of IPv4 server were set up.
This shows that in traditional address transition, the distribution of heterogeneous networks address and the function of address binding are all realized by gateway.PNAT address transition technical scheme, a kind of Host Based address transition mechanism is provided, and still, existing P NAT scheme still adopts traditional address transition mode, the network address is distributed and the address transition of packet realizes that by gateway main frame does not participate in fully.So will increase the load of gateway, reduce gateway forwards efficient.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of main frame to initiate the method and system of address transition, makes main frame participation address assignment and shares the part address translation feature, reduces the load of gateway.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The invention provides a kind of main frame and initiate the method for address transition, this method comprises:
Gateway carries out address assignment according to the address transition request of main frame, and addresses distributed is returned to described main frame;
Described main frame uses described addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and the packet that obtains is sent to described gateway;
Described gateway is transmitted to server after to described packet decapsulation.
Further, described main frame is positioned at the IPv6 network; Described server is positioned at the IPv4 network; Described gateway is arranged in IPv6 network and/or IPv4 network.
Further, the address of carrying current sessions in the address transition request of described main frame comprises IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv4 address;
IPv6 address, described source is the IPv6 address of main frame, and described purpose IPv4 address is the IPv4 address of server.
Further, gateway carries out address assignment according to the address transition request of main frame, is specially:
Described gateway carries out address assignment according to address pool, obtains publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding with IPv6 address, described source and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with described purpose IPv4 address;
This method further comprises: described gateway returns to described main frame by the address transition response with described publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv6 address.
Further, main frame uses described addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and is specially:
Main frame uses described publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address that data are encapsulated, and obtains the IPv4 packet; Main frame uses IPv6 address, described source and purpose IPv6 address that described IPv4 packet is encapsulated again, obtains the IPv6 packet, and sends to gateway.
After gateway carried out address assignment, this method further comprised: described gateway is set up binding table;
Preserve in the described binding table IPv6 address, described source to publicly-owned IPv4 address and described purpose IPv4 address to the mapping relations of purpose IPv6 address.
Further, gateway is specially described packet decapsulation:
Gateway obtains described IPv4 packet to the IPv6 packet decapsulation that receives, and is transmitted to server.
After described server receives the IPv4 packet of described gateway forwards, this method further comprises: described server is source address, is IPv4 packet of destination address encapsulation with described publicly-owned IPv4 address with described purpose IPv4 address, returns to described gateway.
This method further comprises: described gateway is inquired about described binding table, obtain purpose IPv6 address corresponding and the source IPv6 address corresponding with described publicly-owned IPv4 address with described purpose IPv4 address, the IPv4 packet that described server is sent heavily encapsulates, obtain the IPv6 packet, and send to described main frame.
The invention provides a kind of main frame and initiate the system of address transition, this system comprises: main frame and gateway, wherein:
Described gateway is used for carrying out address assignment according to the address transition request of described main frame, and addresses distributed is returned to main frame; Be transmitted to server after the packet decapsulation that also is used for main frame is sent;
Described main frame is used to use described addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and the packet that obtains is sent to described gateway.
Wherein, described main frame comprises: IPv4 application module, IPv4 protocol stack, host module, network interface card driver module and host address conversion cooperative module, wherein:
Described host address conversion cooperative module is used for sending the address transition request by described network interface card driver module to described gateway, and the address of carrying current sessions in the described request comprises: IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv4 address; Also be used for receiving the address of described gateway according to IPv6 address, described source and purpose IPv4 address assignment by described network interface card driver module, comprise: publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with purpose IPv4 address with IPv6 address, source, and described addresses distributed offered described IPv4 protocol stack and described host module respectively;
Described IPv4 application module, the data that are used for producing offer described IPv4 protocol stack;
Described IPv4 protocol stack is used to use described publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address that the data that described IPv4 application module provides are encapsulated, and obtains the IPv4 packet, and offers described host module;
Described host module is used to use IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv6 address that described IPv4 packet is encapsulated again, obtains the IPv6 packet, and offers described network interface card driver module;
Described network interface card driver module is used for described IPv6 packet is sent to described gateway.
Wherein, described gateway comprises: gateway address conversion cooperative module, interface forwarding module, binding table and the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of packet, wherein:
Described gateway address conversion cooperative module, be used for receiving the address transition request that described main frame sends by described interface forwarding module, from address pool, distribute the address according to IPv6 address, described source and purpose IPv4 address, and with addresses distributed, comprise publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with purpose IPv4 address with IPv6 address, source, send to described main frame by described interface forwarding module; Also be used for setting up described binding table according to described addresses distributed;
Described binding table, be used to preserve IPv6 address, source to publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address to the mapping relations of purpose IPv6 address;
Described interface forwarding module is used to receive the IPv6 packet from described main frame, offers the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet;
The heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet is used for obtaining the IPv4 packet to after the decapsulation of described IPv6 packet, and is transmitted to server by described interface forwarding module.
Described gateway further comprises: address conversion module;
Described interface forwarding module is further used for receiving from the IPv4 packet of server and offers described address conversion module;
Described address conversion module, be used for purpose IPv4 address and the described binding table of publicly-owned IPv4 address search according to the IPv4 packet, obtain source IPv6 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding, and address and the described IPv4 packet that inquiry obtains offered the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet with purpose IPv4 address with publicly-owned IPv4 address;
The heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet after the address that is further used for obtaining according to inquiry heavily encapsulates described IPv4 packet, obtains the IPv6 packet, and is transmitted to described main frame by described interface forwarding module.
Main frame of the present invention is initiated the method and system of address transition, initiate the address transition request by main frame, the mode that gateway is replied, to be gateway return to main frame according to request with addresses distributed, the encapsulation function of the packet after the address transition is transferred on the main frame, and gateway only carries out the operation of packet decapsulation and binding table management, so can reach and share load, improve gateway forwards efficient, promote the effect of network performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional address flow path switch schematic diagram;
The address transition schematic flow sheet that Fig. 2 initiates for main frame of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment of the invention main frame;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment of the invention gateway.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The main thought that main frame of the present invention is initiated the scheme of address transition is: make the address allocation function that originally need realize on gateway fully, mode by " main frame is initiated; gateway is replied " realizes, and the encapsulation function of the packet after the address transition transferred on the main frame, and only carry out the management of packet decapsulation and binding table at gateway, reach and share load, improve gateway forwards efficient, promote the effect of network performance.
Main frame of the present invention is the PNAT main frame, is positioned at the IPv6 network, can be called PNAT IPv6 main frame; Described gateway is the PNAT64 gateway, is arranged in IPv6 network and/or IPv4 network.
The method that main frame of the present invention is initiated address transition comprises the steps:
Step 1, gateway carry out address assignment according to the address transition request of main frame, and addresses distributed are returned to main frame;
Step 2, main frame use addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and the packet that obtains is sent to gateway;
Step 3, described gateway are transmitted to server after to the packet decapsulation.
The scheme of above-mentioned main frame initiation address transition is described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the address transition schematic flow sheet that main frame is initiated in the embodiment of the invention, main frame carries out co-operation with the gateway that is in network edge, the address transition flow process that realization utilizes main frame to initiate, make main frame in the IPv6 network by the server in the IPv4 application access IPv4 network, be the IPv4 server.Its concrete flow chart of data processing is as follows:
Step 201, PNAT IPv6 main frame sends the address transition request to the PNAT64 gateway, informs that the IPv6 address, source of PNAT64 gateway session this time is that X, purpose IPv4 address are y.Here, purpose IPv4 address is the address of the IPv4 server that main frame will visit, the address that IPv6 address, source is main frame.
Step 202, the PNAT64 gateway carries out address assignment, and sets up binding table.
The PNAT64 gateway carries out address assignment according to address pool, obtains the publicly-owned IPv4 address x of IPv6 address, source X correspondence " and the purpose IPv6 address Y ' of purpose IPv4 address y correspondence.
Then, will (X, y) and the corresponding relation of (x ", Y ') be stored in the binding table.
Step 203, PNAT64 sends address transition to PNAT IPv6 main frame and replys, and addresses distributed is sent to PNAT IPv6 main frame, comprises publicly-owned IPv4 address x " with purpose IPv6 address Y '.
Step 204, PNAT IPv6 main frame at first with data encapsulation in the IPv4 packet, the address of this IPv4 packet is: source address x ", destination address y; And then the IPv4 packet is encapsulated in the IPv6 packet again, the address of this IPv6 packet is: source address X, and destination address Y ', and send to the PNAT64 gateway.
Step 205, the PNAT64 gateway carries out simple decapsulation with the IPv6 packet of receiving.
Step 206, the PNAT64 gateway is transmitted to the IPv4 server to the IPv4 packet that decapsulation obtains.
After step 207, IPv4 server receive above-mentioned IP v4 packet, return an IPv4 packet to the PNAT64 gateway again, the address of this IPv4 packet is: source address y, destination address x ".
Step 208, the PNAT64 gateway is searched binding table, obtains the Y ' corresponding with y, " corresponding X heavily encapsulates the IPv4 packet then, obtains the IPv6 data of source address Y ', destination address X with x.
Step 209, the PNAT64 gateway sends to PNAT IPv6 main frame with the IPv6 packet, and then the two-way communication of PNAT IPv6 main frame and IPv4 server is set up.
This shows that the encapsulation function of the packet of embodiments of the invention after address transition is transferred on the main frame, and after gateway receives packet, no longer packet is carried out address transition, only carry out simple decapsulation and transmit operation, reduced the load of gateway.
In order to realize above-mentioned method, the present invention proposes a kind of system, comprise main frame and gateway, wherein:
Gateway is used for carrying out address assignment according to the address transition request of main frame, and addresses distributed is returned to main frame; Main frame is used to use addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and the packet that obtains is sent to gateway; Accordingly, gateway also is used for being transmitted to server after the described packet decapsulation.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the structural representation of main frame in the embodiment of the invention, comprise: IPv4 application module 35, IPv4 protocol stack 33, host module 34, network interface card driver module 32 and host address conversion cooperative module 31; Wherein:
Host address conversion cooperative module 31 is used for sending the address transition request by network interface card driver module 32 to gateway, and the address of wherein carrying current sessions comprises: IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv4 address; Also be used for receiving the address of gateway according to IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv4 address assignment by network interface card driver module 32, comprise: publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with purpose IPv4 address with IPv6 address, source, and addresses distributed offered IPv4 protocol stack 33 and host module 34 respectively;
Network interface card driver module 32 is used for the IPv6 packet is sent to gateway.
Figure 4 shows that the structural representation of gateway in the embodiment of the invention, comprise gateway address conversion cooperative module 41, interface forwarding module 42, address conversion module 43, binding table 44 and the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module 45 of packet, wherein:
Gateway address conversion cooperative module 41, be used for receiving the address transition request that main frame sends by interface forwarding module 42, from address pool, distribute the address according to IPv6 address, source of wherein carrying and purpose IPv4 address, and with addresses distributed, the i.e. publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding with IPv6 address, source and send to main frame by the interface forwarding module with corresponding purpose IPv6 address, purpose IPv4 address;
Further, gateway address conversion cooperative module 41 also is used for and will sets up binding table 44 according to addresses distributed.
That preserves in the binding table 44 is: IPv6 address, source to publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address to the mapping relations of purpose IPv6 address.
When carrying out data communication:
The IPv6 packet that interface forwarding module 42 receives from main frame offers the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module 45 of packet;
The heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module 45 of packet, the IPv6 packet carried out decapsulation operation after, obtain the IPv4 packet, and be transmitted to server by interface forwarding module 42.
In addition, behind the IPv4 packet from main frame of the gateway forwards that server receives, return an IPv4 packet to gateway, the destination of this IPv4 packet is a main frame, then the source address of this IPv4 packet is above-mentioned purpose IPv4 address, and destination address is above-mentioned publicly-owned IPv4 address.
Accordingly, interface forwarding module 42 is further used for receiving from the IPv4 packet of server and offers address conversion module 43;
The heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module 45 of packet is further used for, and after the address that obtains according to inquiry weighs encapsulation operation to the IPv4 packet, obtains the IPv6 packet, and is transmitted to main frame by interface forwarding module 42.
After main frame received the data in server bag, two-way communication was between the two set up.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a main frame is initiated the method for address transition, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
Gateway carries out address assignment according to the address transition request of main frame, and addresses distributed is returned to described main frame;
Described main frame uses described addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and the packet that obtains is sent to described gateway;
Described gateway is transmitted to server after to described packet decapsulation.
2. initiate the method for address transition according to the described main frame of claim 1, it is characterized in that described main frame is positioned at the IPv6 network; Described server is positioned at the IPv4 network; Described gateway is arranged in IPv6 network and/or IPv4 network.
3. initiate the method for address transition according to the described main frame of claim 2, it is characterized in that the address of carrying current sessions in the address transition request of described main frame comprises IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv4 address;
IPv6 address, described source is the IPv6 address of main frame, and described purpose IPv4 address is the IPv4 address of server.
4. initiate the method for address transition according to the described main frame of claim 3, it is characterized in that gateway carries out address assignment according to the address transition request of main frame, is specially:
Described gateway carries out address assignment according to address pool, obtains publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding with IPv6 address, described source and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with described purpose IPv4 address;
This method further comprises: described gateway returns to described main frame by the address transition response with described publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv6 address.
5. initiate the method for address transition according to the described main frame of claim 4, it is characterized in that main frame uses described addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and is specially:
Main frame uses described publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address that data are encapsulated, and obtains the IPv4 packet; Main frame uses IPv6 address, described source and purpose IPv6 address that described IPv4 packet is encapsulated again, obtains the IPv6 packet, and sends to gateway.
6. initiate the method for address transition according to the described main frame of claim 4, it is characterized in that after gateway carried out address assignment, this method further comprised: described gateway is set up binding table;
Preserve in the described binding table IPv6 address, described source to publicly-owned IPv4 address and described purpose IPv4 address to the mapping relations of purpose IPv6 address.
7. according to the method for claim 5 or 6 described main frames initiation address transition, it is characterized in that gateway is specially described packet decapsulation:
Gateway obtains described IPv4 packet to the IPv6 packet decapsulation that receives, and is transmitted to server.
8. initiate the method for address transition according to the described main frame of claim 7, it is characterized in that, after described server receives the IPv4 packet of described gateway forwards, this method further comprises: described server is source address, is IPv4 packet of destination address encapsulation with described publicly-owned IPv4 address with described purpose IPv4 address, returns to described gateway.
9. described according to Claim 8 main frame is initiated the method for address transition, it is characterized in that, this method further comprises: described gateway is inquired about described binding table, obtain purpose IPv6 address corresponding and the source IPv6 address corresponding with described publicly-owned IPv4 address with described purpose IPv4 address, the IPv4 packet that described server is sent heavily encapsulates, obtain the IPv6 packet, and send to described main frame.
10. a main frame is initiated the system of address transition, it is characterized in that this system comprises: main frame and gateway, wherein:
Described gateway is used for carrying out address assignment according to the address transition request of described main frame, and addresses distributed is returned to main frame; Be transmitted to server after the packet decapsulation that also is used for main frame is sent;
Described main frame is used to use described addresses distributed that data are encapsulated, and the packet that obtains is sent to described gateway.
11. the system according to the described main frame initiation of claim 10 address transition is characterized in that described main frame comprises: IPv4 application module, IPv4 protocol stack, host module, network interface card driver module and host address conversion cooperative module, wherein:
Described host address conversion cooperative module is used for sending the address transition request by described network interface card driver module to described gateway, and the address of carrying current sessions in the described request comprises: IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv4 address; Also be used for receiving the address of described gateway according to IPv6 address, described source and purpose IPv4 address assignment by described network interface card driver module, comprise: publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with purpose IPv4 address with IPv6 address, source, and described addresses distributed offered described IPv4 protocol stack and described host module respectively;
Described IPv4 application module, the data that are used for producing offer described IPv4 protocol stack;
Described IPv4 protocol stack is used to use described publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address that the data that described IPv4 application module provides are encapsulated, and obtains the IPv4 packet, and offers described host module;
Described host module is used to use IPv6 address, source and purpose IPv6 address that described IPv4 packet is encapsulated again, obtains the IPv6 packet, and offers described network interface card driver module;
Described network interface card driver module is used for described IPv6 packet is sent to described gateway.
12. the system according to claim 10 or 11 described main frames initiation address transition is characterized in that described gateway comprises: gateway address conversion cooperative module, interface forwarding module, binding table and the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of packet, wherein:
Described gateway address conversion cooperative module, be used for receiving the address transition request that described main frame sends by described interface forwarding module, from address pool, distribute the address according to IPv6 address, described source and purpose IPv4 address, and with addresses distributed, comprise publicly-owned IPv4 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding with purpose IPv4 address with IPv6 address, source, send to described main frame by described interface forwarding module; Also be used for setting up described binding table according to described addresses distributed;
Described binding table, be used to preserve IPv6 address, source to publicly-owned IPv4 address and purpose IPv4 address to the mapping relations of purpose IPv6 address;
Described interface forwarding module is used to receive the IPv6 packet from described main frame, offers the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet;
The heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet is used for obtaining the IPv4 packet to after the decapsulation of described IPv6 packet, and is transmitted to server by described interface forwarding module.
13. the system according to the described main frame initiation of claim 12 address transition is characterized in that described gateway further comprises: address conversion module;
Described interface forwarding module is further used for receiving from the IPv4 packet of server and offers described address conversion module;
Described address conversion module, be used for purpose IPv4 address and the described binding table of publicly-owned IPv4 address search according to the IPv4 packet, obtain source IPv6 address corresponding and the purpose IPv6 address corresponding, and address and the described IPv4 packet that inquiry obtains offered the heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet with purpose IPv4 address with publicly-owned IPv4 address;
The heavy encapsulation/decapsulation module of described packet after the address that is further used for obtaining according to inquiry heavily encapsulates described IPv4 packet, obtains the IPv6 packet, and is transmitted to described main frame by described interface forwarding module.
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Application publication date: 20111214 |