CN102279207A - Detection method for corrosion of metal pipe barrel - Google Patents
Detection method for corrosion of metal pipe barrel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102279207A CN102279207A CN201110170711A CN201110170711A CN102279207A CN 102279207 A CN102279207 A CN 102279207A CN 201110170711 A CN201110170711 A CN 201110170711A CN 201110170711 A CN201110170711 A CN 201110170711A CN 102279207 A CN102279207 A CN 102279207A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a detection method for corrosion of a metal pipe barrel, which comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging a first electrode, a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second electrode, which are in contact with the inner wall of a to-be-detected metal pipe barrel, inside the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel along the length direction thereof in turn, and injecting an exciting current I into the metal pipe barrel through the first electrode and the second electrode inside the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel; and then measuring a potential difference V between the third electrode and the fourth electrode; and calculating a current density Delta of the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel between the third electrode and the fourth electrode according to a formula, calculating a cross section area S of the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel according to a formula, and calculating an average thickness Lambda of the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel according to a formula when the thickness Lambda of the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel is less than the radius r of the to-be-detected metal pipe barrel, thereby acquiring the corrosion condition of the metal pipe barrel, wherein in the formulas, Rho is resistivity of the metal pipe barrel and L is a distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode. The detection method for corrosion of the metal pipe barrel can be used for measuring the cross section area and the wall thickness of the metal pipe barrel and confirming the corrosion condition of the inner and outer walls of the metal pipe barrel. Besides, the detection method for corrosion of the metal pipe barrel has the advantages that the influence of media around the metal pipe barrel on the detection method is small, the imaging is easily finished and an explaining method is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applicable to the corrosion detection technique field of oil well oil pipe, sleeve pipe and metal pipe laying, is specifically related to a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method.
Background technology
Oil well oil conduit, sleeve pipe, pipe laying are embedded in underground for a long time, use with the passing of time can corrode, and cause tube wall attenuation and breakage, influence its normal use, even cause major accident.Because the restriction of environment for use can only be carried out in socket inside the detection of sleeve pipe and pipe laying, the variation that can adopt well-calipering apparatus, magnetic wall thickness well logger and electromagnetic test well logger to measure metal pipe barrel internal diameter, wall thickness comes the corrosive pipeline situation is assessed.Well-calipering apparatus detection accuracy height is easy to three-dimensional imaging, but can only measure the variation of metal pipe barrel inwall; The variation that magnetic wall thickness well logger can be measured metal pipe barrel thickness, and can survey the corrosion situation of the inside and outside wall of sleeve pipe, but measuring accuracy is low, and resolving power is relatively poor, only is applicable to the sleeve pipe of seriously corroded; There is multi-solution in the electromagnetic test well logger, and well logging interpretation is difficulty relatively, need could correctly assess the corrosion situation with the curve contrast of Other Instruments.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method, by in one section sleeve pipe, injecting a current known, voltage drop on the segment length sleeve pipe that the measurement electric current is flowed through, current density according to known sleeve pipe Conductivity Calculation sleeve pipe, the reflection casing profile amasss the variation with thickness, detects the corrosion situation of sleeve pipe; The present invention can measure the sectional area and the wall thickness of metal pipe barrel, estimates the inside and outside wall erosion situation of metal pipe barrel, and it is little influenced by the metal pipe barrel surrounding medium, is easy to imaging, and interpretation procedure is simple.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method may further comprise the steps:
The first step sets gradually first electrode A, third electrode C, the 4th electrode D and second electrode B that contacts with its inwall in tested metal pipe barrel inside along its length direction;
In second step, inject exciting current I by first electrode A and second electrode B to socket in tested metal pipe barrel inside;
In the 3rd step, measure the electric potential difference V between third electrode C and the 4th electrode D;
In the 4th step, calculate the current density δ of metal pipe barrel between the third electrode C that will measure and the 4th electrode D according to following formula
In the 5th step, calculate metal pipe barrel sectional area S according to following formula
In the 6th step,, calculate the average thickness λ of socket according to following formula when socket thickness lambda during much smaller than the socket radius r
Value according to λ is whether the decidable metal pipe barrel is corroded, and in above the separate equations, ρ is the resistivity of metal pipe barrel, and L is the spacing of third electrode C and the 4th electrode D.
Preferred version of the present invention, distance between first electrode A and the third electrode C is more than 2 times of tested metal pipe barrel diameter, distance between second electrode B and the 4th electrode D is more than 2 times of tested metal pipe barrel diameter, distance between first electrode A and the third electrode C equals the distance between second electrode B and the 4th electrode D, third electrode C and the 4th electrode D spacing are between 5cm～20cm, first electrode A and second electrode B all are the bipolar electrode that is symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section, and third electrode C and the 4th electrode D are four electrodes that are symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section.
Among the present invention, A and B among first electrode A, second electrode B, third electrode C and the 4th electrode D, C must adopt identical in twos electrode structure with D, both can be stagged electrode structure, also can be the multiple electrode structure that on tested metal pipe barrel cross section, is symmetrically distributed, increase the resolution that number of electrodes can improve the corrosion position probing, be convenient to three-dimensional imaging.
The quantity of the 4th electrode D can be more than one among the present invention, and different C, D electrode separation can have different axial detection resolution.
In second step of the present invention, the exciting current I of injection is the AC signal of frequency range at 1～10Hz, the particularly sinusoidal ac signal of 1～10Hz.
The measurement of electric potential difference V in the 3rd step of the present invention between third electrode C and the 4th electrode D is achieved in that the electric potential difference V that will directly measure amplifies 24 high-precision a/d converters of back input by the low frequency ultra-low noise amplifier, carry out high-speed synchronous data acquiring then, finally obtain the value of high-precision electric potential difference V by digital phase sensitivity detection.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1) this method is not only applicable to the corrosion detection of metal pipe barrel inside surface, is applicable to that the corrosion of inner and outside surface detects yet, and by increasing the number of potential electrode, can realize the socket three-dimensional imaging, measures unsymmetrical corrosion situations such as socket perforation.
2) the present invention has overcome classic method and has thought the technology prejudice that metal pipe barrel resistance is difficult to measure, adopt rational distribution of electrodes and pumping signal that electric current is evenly distributed on the metal pipe barrel cross section at measuring section, adopt four line mensurations to eliminate the influence of contact resistance, adopt ultra-low noise amplifier, oversampling technique and phase sensitive detection technology that feeble signal is detected, make this method not only feasible in theory, also have an engineering practical value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that even metal pipe barrel 3D surface current density distributes.
Fig. 2 is even metal pipe barrel tangent plane electric current distribution, and transverse axis is the y coordinate, and the longitudinal axis is the z coordinate, color showing tangent plane current density size.
Fig. 3 is even metal pipe barrel x axial potential, and transverse axis is the x coordinate, and the longitudinal axis is an electromotive force.
Fig. 4 is even metal pipe barrel x axial current Density Distribution, and transverse axis is the x coordinate, and the longitudinal axis is a current density.
Fig. 5 is that piecewise uniform metal pipe barrel 3D surface current density distributes.
Fig. 6 is a piecewise uniform metal pipe barrel x axial potential, and transverse axis is the x coordinate, and the longitudinal axis is an electromotive force.
Fig. 7 is a piecewise uniform metal pipe barrel x axial current Density Distribution, and transverse axis is the x coordinate, and the longitudinal axis is a current density.
Fig. 8 is a metal pipe barrel perforation model.
Fig. 9 is punch position and potential electrode C, D position distribution sectional view, and 1,2,3,4 represent C, the relative position of D potential electrode on the sleeve pipe vertical interface.
Electric current distribution curve when Figure 10 is the metal pipe barrel perforation, transverse axis is the x coordinate, the longitudinal axis is a current density.
Figure 11 is a work synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is an embodiment of the invention distribution of electrodes synoptic diagram, and first electrode A and second electrode B are the bipolar electrode structure, and third electrode C and the 4th electrode D are four electrode structures.
Figure 13 is the measuring principle block diagram of exciting current I of the present invention and electric potential difference V.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example in detail embodiments of the present invention.
At first, set up the physical model of this method.
By with one section sleeve pipe of metal pipe barrel inwall electrodes in contact subtend in inject the 1A electric current, the sleeve surface current density as shown in Figure 1, exciting electrode between, electric current is even in the metal pipe barrel surface distributed.
Metal pipe barrel tangent plane current density as shown in Figure 2, maximal value 468.2A/m
2, minimum value 468A/m
2, can think that electric current evenly distributes on the metal pipe barrel cross section.
Metal pipe barrel inside surface x axially is a metal pipe barrel pipe range direction, electromotive force as shown in Figure 3, exciting electrode between, electromotive force distributes along the x axial linear.
Metal pipe barrel inside surface x axial current density as shown in Figure 4, exciting electrode between, current density evenly distributes.
When metal pipe barrel because of outer wall corrosion evenly during attenuation, the metal pipe barrel surface current density as shown in Figure 5, exciting electrode between, the current density piecewise uniform distributes.
The electromotive force of metal pipe barrel inside surface along the x axial distribution as shown in Figure 6, exciting electrode between, electromotive force is along x axial segmentation linear distribution, its slope (electric potential difference) can reflect that metal pipe barrel sectional area (wall thickness) changes.
Metal pipe barrel inside surface x axial current density as shown in Figure 7, current density and metal pipe barrel sectional area are inversely proportional to.
As shown in Figure 8, expression metal tube barrel has perforation, and the current density of metal pipe barrel inside surface as shown in Figure 9 at this moment.Figure 10 has expressed the distributing position of four potential electrode and perforation, and current density change can reflect the size and the position of perforation.
In sum, by at metal pipe barrel inwall injection current in metal pipe barrel, measure the voltage drop on one section metal pipe barrel that electric current flows through, and then calculate the method for casing current density and sectional area (wall thickness), can measure the corrosion situation of metal pipe barrel inside and outside wall.By changing the structure and the distribution of potential electrode, can measure unsymmetrical corrosion situations such as metal pipe barrel perforation.
According to above-mentioned physical model, measuring method of the present invention is achieved in that
Embodiment one
The first step, as shown in figure 11, surveying work synoptic diagram for the inventive method, choose four electrodes: first electrode A, third electrode C, the 4th electrode D and second electrode B, between first electrode A and second electrode B, feed electric current, measure the electric potential difference between third electrode C and the 4th electrode D, wherein, first electrode A, third electrode C, the setting of the 4th electrode D and second electrode B as shown in figure 12, set gradually and contact along tested metal pipe barrel length direction successively with its inwall, first electrode A and the second electrode B spacing 1m, distance between first electrode A and the third electrode C is more than 2 times of tested metal pipe barrel diameter, distance between second electrode B and the 4th electrode D is more than 2 times of tested metal pipe barrel diameter, distance between first electrode A and the third electrode C equals the distance between second electrode B and the 4th electrode D, first electrode A and second electrode B all are the bipolar electrode structure that is symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section, see (A1 among Figure 12, A2) and (B1, B2), third electrode C and the 4th electrode D are four electrode structures that are symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section, see (C1 among Figure 12, C2, C3, C4) and (D11, D12, D13, D14), third electrode C and the 4th electrode D spacing L=10cm;
Second step, inject exciting current I by first electrode A and second electrode B to socket in tested metal pipe barrel inside, it is the sinusoidal ac signal of 1Hz that exciting current I adopts frequency;
The 3rd step, measure the electric potential difference V between third electrode C and the 4th electrode D, the order of magnitude of electric potential difference V usually at microvolt to receiving the voltage magnitude, for obtaining accurate value, the electric potential difference V that directly measures is amplified back 24 high-speed synchronous sampling ADC of input by the low frequency ultra-low noise amplifier carry out analog to digital conversion and high-speed synchronous data acquiring, finally obtain the value of the electric potential difference V of high precision (but Da Nafu level) by digital phase sensitivity detection, the measurement of electric current can be consulted and carried out, and measuring principle such as Figure 12 institute are not;
In the 4th step, calculate the current density δ of metal pipe barrel between the third electrode C that will measure and the 4th electrode D according to following formula
In the 5th step, calculate metal pipe barrel sectional area S according to following formula
In the 6th step,, calculate the average thickness λ of socket according to following formula when socket thickness lambda during much smaller than the socket radius r
In above the separate equations, ρ is the resistivity of metal pipe barrel.
Embodiment two
Compare with embodiment one, difference only is, first electrode A and second electrode B all are three electrodes that are symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section, spacing 2m, third electrode C and the 4th electrode D are 8 electrodes that are symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section, third electrode C and the 4th electrode D spacing L=20cm, it is the sinusoidal ac signal of 10Hz that exciting current I adopts frequency.
Embodiment three
Compare with embodiment one, difference only is, compares with embodiment one, and difference only is that the quantity of the 4th electrode D is four, is respectively 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm with the spacing of third electrode C.
Embodiment four
Compare with embodiment one, difference only is, compares with embodiment one, and difference only is, the quantity of the 4th electrode D is two, the 4th electrode D that has more is four electrode structures for being symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section still, see (D21, D22 among Figure 12, D23, D24), the spacing of two the 4th electrode D and third electrode C is respectively 5cm, 10cm.
Among the embodiment three and four,, can verify out that tested metal pipe barrel oil has the perforation phenomenon according to a plurality of average thickness λ values that calculate.
This method adopts the voltage drop on one section metal pipe barrel of current excitation method measurement to calculate the corrosion situation of the sectional area and then the detection metal pipe barrel of this section metal pipe barrel.
Usually, there is following difficulty in this method and is considered to infeasible usually:
1, the resistivity of metal pipe barrel is very low, and representative value is 2 * 10
-7Ω m usually is considered to short circuit in circuit, the voltage drop on it is very little, receives the voltage magnitude at tens microvolts to tens;
2, metal pipe barrel resistance is distribution parameter, and its size is relevant with the metal pipe barrel geometric configuration;
3, the voltage drop of metal pipe barrel is not only relevant with exciting current, and is also relevant with electric field and distribution of current.
The present invention has set up the electric current and the analysis of electric field model of sleeve pipe by the finite element analysis instrument, has verified the feasibility of this method, and has adopted following technical measures to guarantee the practical feasibility of this method:
1, selects suitable electrode structure and spread of electrodes, electric current and electric field are evenly distributed on the metal pipe barrel cross section at measuring section, greatly simplified measurement model;
2, to metal pipe barrel AB section injection current, fall in metal pipe barrel CD section measuring voltage, can eliminate the influence of contact resistance;
3, for fear of the influence of skin effect and the polarization phenomena of sleeve pipe, exciting current I adopts low-frequency ac signal, frequency range 1～10Hz, and adopt big as far as possible electric current to improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
4, the order of magnitude of electric potential difference V usually at microvolt to receiving the voltage magnitude, the accurate measurement of electric potential difference V is the gordian technique of this method.Adopt up-to-date ultra-low noise amplifier, 24 AD switch technologies of over-sampling and high precision phase sensitive detection technology, but the measuring accuracy Da Nafu level of electric potential difference V, current technical merit can realize accurate measurement.
The present invention has overcome classic method and has thought the technology prejudice that metal pipe barrel resistance is difficult to measure, adopt rational distribution of electrodes and pumping signal that electric current is evenly distributed on the metal pipe barrel cross section at measuring section, adopt four line mensurations to eliminate the influence of contact resistance, adopt ultra-low noise amplifier, oversampling technique and phase sensitive detection technology that feeble signal is detected, make this method not only feasible in theory, also have an engineering practical value.
Among the present invention, the version of electrode can be versatile and flexible, both can all take stagged electrode structure, also can do corresponding adjusting according to the length and the caliber of socket to be measured.Based on measurement of the present invention and structure principle is set, can has the multiple combination of taking various electrode structures to realize the method and apparatus of same purpose.
Claims (10)
1. metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method may further comprise the steps:
The first step sets gradually first electrode (A), third electrode (C), the 4th electrode (D) and second electrode (B) that contacts with its inwall in tested metal pipe barrel inside along its length direction;
In second step, inject exciting current I by first electrode (A) and second electrode (B) to socket in tested metal pipe barrel inside;
In the 3rd step, measure the electric potential difference V between third electrode (C) and the 4th electrode (D);
In the 4th step, calculate the current density δ of metal pipe barrel between the third electrode (C) that will measure and the 4th electrode (D) according to following formula
In the 5th step, calculate metal pipe barrel sectional area S according to following formula
In the 6th step,, calculate the average thickness λ of socket according to following formula when socket thickness lambda during much smaller than the socket radius r
Value according to λ is whether the decidable metal pipe barrel is corroded, and in above the separate equations, ρ is the resistivity of metal pipe barrel, and L is the spacing of third electrode (C) and the 4th electrode (D).
2. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, distance between first electrode (A) and the third electrode (C) is more than 2 times of tested metal pipe barrel diameter, distance between second electrode (B) and the 4th electrode (D) is more than 2 times of tested metal pipe barrel diameter, and the distance between first electrode (A) and the third electrode (C) equals the distance between second electrode (B) and the 4th electrode (D).
3. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, first electrode (A), second electrode (B), three electrodes (C) and the 4th electrode (D) all are the multiple electrode structure that is symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section.
4. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, first electrode (A) and second electrode (B) all are the bipolar electrode that is symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section.
5. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, third electrode (C) and the 4th electrode (D) all are four electrodes that are symmetrically distributed on tested metal pipe barrel cross section.
6. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the quantity of described the 4th electrode (D) is more than one.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting methods, it is characterized in that third electrode (C) and the 4th electrode (D) spacing are between 5cm～20cm.
8. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the exciting current I that injects in second step is the AC signal of frequency range at 1～10Hz.
9. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the exciting current I that injects in second step is the sinusoidal ac signal of frequency range at 1～10Hz.
10. a kind of metal pipe barrel corrosion detecting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the measurement of electric potential difference V in described the 3rd step between third electrode (C) and the 4th electrode (D) is achieved in that the electric potential difference V that will directly measure amplifies 24 high-precision a/d converters of back input by the low frequency ultra-low noise amplifier, carry out high-speed synchronous data acquiring then, finally obtain the value of high-precision electric potential difference V by digital phase sensitivity detection.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107621487A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-01-23 | 国网天津市电力公司 | A kind of method of on-line measurement concrete bar bracing wire corrosion situation |
| CN110988123A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 中铁十四局集团隧道工程有限公司 | Fault maintenance method of screw conveyor |
| CN111768920A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-13 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Method for representing processing uniformity of Bi-system high-temperature superconducting wire or strip |
| CN116256305A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-06-13 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Corrosion monitoring system and method |
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| CN101349537A (en) * | 2008-09-13 | 2009-01-21 | 陈立峰 | Detection imaging method and apparatus of metal pipe barrel thickness and inner wall roughness |
| CN101358827A (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-02-04 | 李永年 | TEM detecting method for pipe wall thickness and intelligent detector for GBH pipe corrosion |
| CN101694478A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-14 | 陈斯文 | Method for detecting internal corrosion of steel pipeline |
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| US4656595A (en) * | 1982-04-19 | 1987-04-07 | Sentralinstitutt For Industriell Forskning | Method and a device for monitoring large metal structures |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107621487A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-01-23 | 国网天津市电力公司 | A kind of method of on-line measurement concrete bar bracing wire corrosion situation |
| CN110988123A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 中铁十四局集团隧道工程有限公司 | Fault maintenance method of screw conveyor |
| CN111768920A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-13 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Method for representing processing uniformity of Bi-system high-temperature superconducting wire or strip |
| CN116256305A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-06-13 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Corrosion monitoring system and method |
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Application publication date: 20111214 |