CN102277475B - Vibratory stress relief corrected cylindrical part deforming method and anti-deformation restricting fixture - Google Patents

Vibratory stress relief corrected cylindrical part deforming method and anti-deformation restricting fixture Download PDF

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CN102277475B
CN102277475B CN 201110229818 CN201110229818A CN102277475B CN 102277475 B CN102277475 B CN 102277475B CN 201110229818 CN201110229818 CN 201110229818 CN 201110229818 A CN201110229818 A CN 201110229818A CN 102277475 B CN102277475 B CN 102277475B
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cylindrical part
reversible deformation
deformation
oscillating aging
aging
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CN102277475A (en
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谢科学
张栋
李岗
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Shanxi Pingyang Industry Machinery Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a vibratory stress relief corrected cylindrical part deforming method in order to solve the problem that a part deforms once again because internal stress can not be relieved during the deformation correction of the traditional cylindrical part. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, installing the cylindrical part in such a way that the inherent frequency of resonant frequency of the cylindrical part is within the operating range of a vibration exciter as vibratory stress relief equipment, wherein the installation methods comprise simply support installation, cantilever installation and segment-connected installation; then, carrying out anti-deformation restriction at the deformed position of the deformed part by using the fixture; and finally, carrying out vibratory stress relief on the cylindrical part. The anti-deformation restricting fixture used for realizing the method comprises two semicircular hoop type anti-deformation restricting fixture bodies tightened by anti-deformation restricting fixture bolts, and anti-deformation adjusting screws are arranged on the cambered surfaces of the semicircular hoops. Through the method provided by the invention, the dimension and shape errors of the processed part can be ensured to be stable for long term, materials and processing cost are saved, and the processing efficiency and the processing success rate are high.

Description

Oscillating aging is proofreaied and correct cylindrical part deformation method and reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing calibration of part deformation, specifically adopt oscillating aging to proofread and correct method and a kind of reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps that are exclusively used in the method for cylindrical part distortion.
Background technology
Cylindrical part can produce certain unrelieved stress at inside parts in the courses of processing such as casting, forging, cold-drawn, hot extrude and thermal treatment, this unrelieved stress is also very large sometimes.Through car, mill, after mill etc. removes the processing of material, because the removal of material has changed the distribution of the original unrelieved stress of inside parts, will cause distortion and the dimension overproof of working position.
Existing straightening technology normally applies mechanical force to being out of shape part, forces it to the reverse direction reversible deformation of distortion, to reach the purpose of straightening.But because part itself has elasticity, add reversible deformation mechanical force removal after, part can resilience, in addition, part carried out straightening after, it is inner can to produce new internal stress, As time goes on, internal stress can slowly discharge, and causes part again to be out of shape.Therefore, must carry out taking after reversible deformation retrains to strained part the processing of certain method, to stablize its shape and size, reach the purpose of straightening.
Summary of the invention
Internal stress can't be eliminated when the objective of the invention is to solve traditional tubular part deformation rectification, and the problem that causes part again to be out of shape provides a kind of oscillating aging to proofread and correct the cylindrical part deformation method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of oscillating aging is proofreaied and correct the cylindrical part deformation method, cylindrical part is installed the natural frequency or the resonant frequency that make cylindrical part to be in the working range of oscillating aging equipment vibrator, with anchor clamps the deformation place of strained part is carried out the reversible deformation constraint, then cylindrical part is carried out oscillating aging and process, concrete steps comprise:
A. the cylindrical part mounting means is selected
A1, freely-supported install, with 2 simply supported beam clampings, when the cylindrical part rigidity a little less than, do not select when natural frequency exceeds the working range of oscillating aging equipment vibrator;
A2, cantilever install, and an end of cylindrical part is fixedly clamped on a firm pedestal, the other end is unsettled, at a unsettled end oscillating aging equipment is installed, when the cylindrical part rigidity is stronger, is selected when resonant frequency exceeds the vibrator rotary speed working scope of oscillating aging equipment;
A3, connecting section installs, cylindrical part more than two or two is connected, after cylindrical part resonant frequency after the connection is down in the oscillating aging equipment vibrator working range, part after again will the section of connecting adopts simply supported beam to install, when the cylindrical part rigidity stronger, applicable when resonant frequency exceeds the vibrator rotary speed working scope of oscillating aging equipment;
B. Parameters of Vibration Aging is selected
According to conventional vibration aging technique parameter selection principle primary election Vibration Aging Process parameter, cylindrical part is tried to shake, adjust the Vibration Aging Process parameter, make it reach preferable states;
C. treatment step
It is safe that cylindrical part is laid according to the mounting means that chooses, and carries out suitable reversible deformation constraint at the position clamping reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps of wanting to correct, and the Parameters of Vibration Aging of then determining by test carries out oscillating aging to part;
D. results verification
After oscillating aging was complete, removal reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps were measured size, the shape error of cylinder barrel, if reached requirement, and the straightening end-of-job of this part then; If do not reach yet requirement, then adjust reversible deformation amount of restraint and Parameters of Vibration Aging after, repeat C, D step, reach requirement until part deformation is corrected.
Principle of the present invention is after the cylindrical part that is out of shape is carried out the reversible deformation constraint, it is carried out oscillating aging processes, the cylindrical part internal stress is superimposed after adding dynamic stress and reversible deformation constraint during by oscillating aging, the local generation of inside parts surrendered, thereby eliminate the part internal stress, reach the purpose that part does not rebound after proofreading and correct.
The present invention is different according to the part resonant frequency, has proposed three kinds of mounting means, can adapt to the oscillating aging of various parts, the section of company mounting means especially, and the reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps of design can be adjusted accurately and control reversible deformation direction and anti-deformation.
The present invention provides a kind of reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps that are exclusively used in aforesaid method simultaneously, and these anchor clamps comprise two by the half circular boop shape reversible deformation constraint clamp body of reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolted, and the cambered surface of half circular boop is provided with reversible deformation and adjusts screw.At first two and half circular boops are enclosed on the cylindrical part cylindrical during use, and two portions reversible deformation constraint clamp body 2 is connected and are clamped on the cylindrical part by reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolt.
Compare with traditional cylindrical part antidote, adopt the advantage of the inventive method to be:
(1) can eliminate reversible deformation and process the internal stress that produces in the rear part, accessory size and shape error after guaranteeing to process maintain a long-term stability.
(2) reduce or avoid the cylindrical part after the precision work to scrap because distortion causes, greatly economical with materials and tooling cost.
(3) can accurately control reversible deformation constraint direction and anti-deformation, greatly improve processing efficiency and be processed into power, can in time satisfy the requirement of production schedule.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side-view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is freely-supported scheme of installation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the side-view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is cantilever scheme of installation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the side-view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the section scheme of installation that connects of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the side-view of Fig. 7.
Among the figure, 1-reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolt, 2-reversible deformation constraint clamp body, screw, 4-cylindrical part, 5-vibrator are adjusted in the 3-reversible deformation, 6-vibrator clamp body, 7-vibrator coupling cushion block, 8-damping supporting, the 9-pedestal, 10-connects section clamp body, 11-cantilever clamp body top, 12-cantilever clamp body bottom, 13-cantilever clamp body bolt, 14-cantilever clamp body is adjusted bolt.
Embodiment
A kind of oscillating aging of the present invention is proofreaied and correct the cylindrical part deformation method, cylindrical part is installed the natural frequency or the resonant frequency that make cylindrical part to be in the working range of oscillating aging equipment vibrator, with anchor clamps the deformation place of strained part is carried out the reversible deformation constraint, then cylindrical part is carried out oscillating aging and process.
Reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps (as shown in Figure 1, 2) comprise that two cambered surfaces by fastening half circular boop shape reversible deformation constraint clamp body, 2, half circular boops of reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolt 1 are provided with reversible deformation and adjust screw 3.At first two and half circular boops are enclosed on cylindrical part 4 cylindricals during use, and two portions reversible deformation constraint clamp body 2 is connected and are clamped on the cylindrical part 4 by reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolt 1.Then according to cylindrical part 4 internal diameter size measuring results, adjust the adjustment of screw 3 by reversible deformation, the relatively large position of internal diameter exerted pressure to the centre make its size reduction, concrete decrease can determine with test-results rule of thumb that position and the quantity of reversible deformation adjustment screw 3 can be according to practical situation adjustment and increases and decreases when designing and making reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps.
The vibrator 5 of oscillating aging equipment is contained in an end of cylindrical part 4, and vibrator 5 usefulness vibrator clamp bodies, 6 usefulness bolts and cylindrical part 4 are fixing, is lined with respectively vibrator coupling cushion block 7 on inside and outside two contact surfaces of vibrator clamp body 6 and cylindrical part 4.
Oscillating aging of the present invention is proofreaied and correct the cylindrical part deformation method, and its concrete steps comprise:
A. cylindrical part 4 mounting means are selected
A1, freely-supported install, with 2 simply supported beam clampings, when cylindrical part 4 rigidity a little less than, do not select when natural frequency exceeds the working range of oscillating aging equipment vibrator 5;
Shown in Fig. 3,4, it is to be bearing in the cylindrical part bottom with two damping supportings 8 that freely-supported is installed.
A2, cantilever is installed, shown in Fig. 5,6, one end of cylindrical part 4 is fixedly clamped on a firm pedestal 9, the other end is unsettled, at a unsettled end oscillating aging equipment is installed, when cylindrical part 4 rigidity are stronger, is selected when resonant frequency exceeds the vibrator 5 rotary speed working scope of oscillating aging equipment; Adopt the cantilever clamp body that cylindrical part is fixed on the pedestal 9, the cantilever clamp body comprises cantilever clamp body top 11 and cantilever clamp body bottom 12, cantilever clamp body top 11 is one and half circular boops, cantilever clamp body bottom 12 is bases that a upper surface has semi-circular recesses, its lower surface and pedestal 9 are fixing, are connected with cantilever clamp body bottom by 13 connections of cantilever clamp body bolt in cantilever clamp body top 11, the cambered surface on cantilever clamp body top 11 is provided with the cantilever clamp body and adjusts bolt 14, and the cantilever clamp body also plays the effect of reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps simultaneously.
A3, connecting section installs, cylindrical part 4 more than two or two is connected, after cylindrical part 4 resonant frequencies after the connection are down in oscillating aging equipment vibrator 5 working ranges, part after again will the section of connecting is installed with damping supporting 8, when cylindrical part 4 rigidity stronger, applicable when resonant frequency exceeds the vibrator 5 rotary speed working scope of oscillating aging equipment; Shown in Fig. 7,8, connect with connecting 10 pairs of cylindrical parts 4 more than two or two of section clamp body, connect section clamp body 10 and comprise two bolted half circular boops of usefulness.Even the two or more damping supportings 8 of cylindrical part 4 usefulness after the section are supported on the bottom.
Cantilever is installed and is connected section and installs all stronger applicable to the part rigidity, resonant frequency exceeds the situation of oscillating aging equipment work scope, but when installing owing to cantilever, the clamping position is stressed very large, simultaneously, can not stablize in order to ensure the part that cantilever is installed, need the heavier pedestal of weight to carry out balance, pts wt can not be too heavy when therefore using the cantilever mounting means, connect the section mounting means and then the weight of part is not had particular requirement, in addition, for the strong especially part of rigidity, install and may still can not meet the demands with cantilevered fashion, can two and install with the mode that connects section, three or more link together, in general all its resonant frequency can be down in the oscillating aging equipment work scope, therefore, the scope of application that connects the section mounting means is relatively more extensive, but when only having a cylindrical part to correct, since there are not other part and its pairing to connect section, then can't the company's of application section mounting means.
B. Parameters of Vibration Aging is selected
According to conventional vibration aging technique parameter selection principle primary election Vibration Aging Process parameter, cylindrical part 4 is tried to shake, to shake in the process according to examination, resonant frequency size, accekeration are big or small etc., adjust the Vibration Aging Process parameter, make it reach preferable states;
C. treatment step
It is safe that cylindrical part is laid according to the mounting means that chooses, and carries out suitable reversible deformation constraint at the position clamping reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps of wanting to correct, and the Parameters of Vibration Aging of then determining by test carries out oscillating aging to part;
For factors such as the size of cylindrical part 4, wall thickness, deformations, the reversible deformation of design and manufacture special use constraint anchor clamps, anti-deformation size, constrained, the point of application, application of force direction etc. can accurately be controlled according to the practical distortion situation.
D. results verification
After oscillating aging was complete, removal reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps were measured size, the shape error of cylinder barrel, if reached requirement, and the straightening end-of-job of this part then; If do not reach yet requirement, then adjust reversible deformation amount of restraint and Parameters of Vibration Aging after, repeat C, D step, reach requirement until part deformation is corrected.
Below in conjunction with a specific embodiment the method for the invention is done and to be specified.
Select one of certain hydraulic support column vat cylinder barrel, 500, three stepped hole internal diameter sizes of its outside dimension Φ require to be respectively Φ 420
Figure 2011102298187100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, Φ 440
Figure 2011102298187100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, Φ 460
Figure 627545DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, deviation from circular from requires to be not more than 0.06mm, do not carry out oscillating aging before, its three stepped holes distortion are respectively Φ 419.97mm ~ Φ 420.24mm, Φ 439.91mm ~ Φ 440.17mm, Φ 459.93mm ~ Φ 460.21mm.It is used the inventive method carry out straightening, step is as follows:
1, at first selects the freely-supported mounting means that this cylinder barrel is carried out the frequency sweep examination and shake, do not find resonance peak after the frequency sweep, need take other mounting means that it is carried out down conversion process.
2, design and produce cylinder barrel and connect the section clamp body, with two firm linking together of cylinder barrel, cylinder barrel after the connection adopts damping supporting 8 to install and examination is shaken (frequency sweep), finds resonance peak at the 6600r/min place after the frequency sweep, and definite company of employing section mounting means is processed cylinder barrel.
3, reversible deformation constraint unit clamp on the position clamping of wanting to correct makes cylinder barrel produce reversible deformation, the about 1.1mm of anti-deformation according to the reverse direction of cylinder barrel deformation direction;
4, install oscillating aging equipment at cylinder barrel, at 3/4 place of resonance peak leading edge (subresonance point) it is carried out oscillating aging and process, the treatment time is 40 minutes;
5, after oscillating aging is processed, removal reversible deformation constraint unit clamp, measure former cylinder barrel deformation place size and shape, wherein the actual measurement of Φ 420mm hole is Φ 420.03mm ~ Φ 420.18mm, the actual measurement of Φ 440mm hole is Φ 439.99mm ~ Φ 440.12mm, the actual measurement of Φ 460mm hole is Φ 460.00mm ~ Φ 460.14mm, still backlog demand;
6, clamping reversible deformation unit clamp again is adjusted into 0.8mm with anti-deformation, behind the repeating step 3,4, measures Φ 420mm, Φ 440mm and Φ 460mm three bore dias, and all qualified, this root cylinder barrel straightening is complete.
7, will correct qualified cylinder barrel and be in the free state placement, and place after two months, and measure Φ 420mm, Φ 440mm and Φ 460mm three bore dias, size and dimensionally stable do not change.

Claims (1)

1. an oscillating aging is proofreaied and correct the cylindrical part deformation method, it is characterized in that: cylindrical part is installed the natural frequency or the resonant frequency that make cylindrical part be in the working range of oscillating aging equipment vibrator, with anchor clamps the deformation place of strained part is carried out the reversible deformation constraint, then cylindrical part is carried out oscillating aging and process, concrete steps comprise:
A. the cylindrical part mounting means is selected
A1, freely-supported install, with 2 simply supported beam clampings, when the cylindrical part rigidity a little less than, do not select when natural frequency exceeds the working range of oscillating aging equipment vibrator;
A2, cantilever is installed, one end of cylindrical part is fixedly clamped on a firm pedestal, the other end is unsettled, at a unsettled end oscillating aging equipment is installed, cylindrical part quantity strong when the cylindrical part rigidity and that need to proofread and correct is that 1, resonant frequency select when exceeding the vibrator rotary speed working scope of oscillating aging equipment;
A3, connecting section installs, cylindrical part more than two or two is connected, after cylindrical part resonant frequency after the connection is down in the oscillating aging equipment vibrator working range, part after again will the section of connecting adopts simply supported beam to install, and is applicable during vibrator rotary speed working scope that cylindrical part quantity strong when the cylindrical part rigidity and that need to proofread and correct is more than 2, resonant frequency exceeds oscillating aging equipment;
B. Parameters of Vibration Aging is selected
According to conventional vibration aging technique parameter selection principle primary election Vibration Aging Process parameter, cylindrical part is tried to shake, adjust the Vibration Aging Process parameter, make it reach preferable states;
C. treatment step
It is safe that cylindrical part is laid according to the mounting means that chooses, and carries out suitable reversible deformation constraint at the position clamping reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps of wanting to correct, and the Parameters of Vibration Aging of then determining by test carries out oscillating aging to part; Described anchor clamps comprise two by the fastening half circular boop shape reversible deformation constraint clamp body (2) of reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolts (1), and the cambered surface of half circular boop is provided with reversible deformation and adjusts screw (3); At first two and half circular boops are enclosed on cylindrical part (4) cylindrical, and two portions reversible deformation constraint clamp body (2) is connected and be clamped on the cylindrical part (4) by reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps bolts (1), then according to cylindrical part (4) internal diameter size measuring result, adjust the adjustment of screw (3) by reversible deformation, being exerted pressure to the centre in the relatively large position of internal diameter makes its size reduction;
D. results verification
After oscillating aging was complete, removal reversible deformation constraint anchor clamps were measured size, the shape error of cylinder barrel, if reached requirement, and the straightening end-of-job of this part then; If do not reach yet requirement, then adjust reversible deformation amount of restraint and Parameters of Vibration Aging after, repeat C, D step, reach requirement until part deformation is corrected.
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