CN102276242B - Mullite light bricks and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mullite light bricks and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to mullite light bricks and a preparation method thereof. The invention adopts a technical scheme that the preparation method comprises: uniformly mixing 50 to 90 weight percent of coal gangue and 10 to 50 weight percent of alumina, which serve as raw materials, and 8 to 16 weight percent of pore forming agent, 0.5 to 5 weight percent of swelling agent and 0.05 to 0.5 weight percent of bonding agent; adding water in an amount which is 25 to 40 weight percent based on the raw materials to make a mud material, and aging the mud material for 24 to 36 hours under conditions of a temperature of 20 to 40 DEG C and a humidity of 25 to 80 percent; and performing extruding forming of the aged mud material, and drying for 12 to 36 hours naturally under a room temperature condition; and firing for 12 to 24 hours under a condition of a temperature of 60 to 120 DEG C, performing heat preservation for 2.5 to 12 hours under a condition of a temperature of 1,300 to 1,550 DEG C, and thus, obtaining mullite light bricks. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of resource conservation, environment friendliness and continuous production; and the prepared mullite light bricks have the characteristics of high strength and high thermal shock resistant stability, can be directly used as working surface liners for industrial kiln furnaces and can create good economic and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the lightweight refractory technical field, be specifically related to a kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Light mullite brick is for containing Al
2O
350%～80%, with mullite (3Al
2O
32SiO
2) be principal crystalline phase with in conjunction with mutually novel high-quality insulative refractory materials.Because its higher thermal structure intensity, lower high temperature creep rate, less thermal expansivity and good thermal shock resistance, can be used as the working face liner of the kiln of direct contact flame, can significantly improve the energy-saving effect of kiln.Producing light heat-insulation brick at present is take kyanite, sillimanite and bauxitic clay as main raw material mostly, but these resource relative shortages of China, and too high with above-mentioned raw material production light mullite brick cost.China is coal resources big countries, has produced a large amount of solid waste in the coal mining process, how to effectively utilize the key problem in technology that these solid waste have become resource rational utilization.
Coal gangue be mine and the coal washing process in a kind of solid waste of filtering out, except in Cement industry and micrometer level porous pottery as a small amount of utilization of hotchpotch, a large amount of coal gangues also are not utilized effectively.Show that according to related data the reserves of domestic coal gangue are about more than 1,000,000,000 tons, and annual speed with 100,000,000 tons is increasing.At present, the accumulation of coal gangue has taken a large amount of soils, and the sulfide of overflowing can atmosphere pollution, farmland and water body, and in fact coal gangue is utilized or the vacancy state in a large number as a kind of refractory raw material in addition.
At present, the method for preparing light mullite brick mainly contains foaming process, burnout substances addition method, gas evolution method and porous material method, each method has its relative merits, but raw materials used major part all is Nonrenewable resources, seldom adopts highly doped amount Coal Refuse to prepare light mullite brick." a kind of light fire brick " (application number: 03100439.3, publication number: CN1424280A) patented technology discloses a kind ofly take mullite as principal crystalline phase, and lime feldspar is the preparation method in conjunction with the light fire brick of phase.The method is with the 70wt% kyanite, and 1～40wt% calcination coal gangue is raw material, adds a small amount of alumina, kaolinite clay and montmorillonitic clay, the vibrating casting moulding.The main drawback of the method is embodied in: the utilization ratio of (1) Coal Refuse is too low, and the highest usage quantity only is 40wt%, and production cost is relatively high.(2) used coal gangue is calcining coal gangue, fails to take full advantage of coal gangue and burns the heat that loses part pore-creating and its composition carbon burning release, has indirectly caused the waste of coal gangue.(3) the method is that the production cycle is long in order to the foaming process casting, and production efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the prior art defective, and purpose has provided a kind of method of utilizing solid waste to prepare light mullite brick; Prepared light mullite brick has higher intensity, lower volume density and thermal conductivity.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: first take the alumina of the coal gangue of 50～90wt% and 10～50wt% as raw material, add the pore-forming material of above-mentioned raw materials 8～16wt%, the swelling agent of 0.5～5wt% and the wedding agent of 0.05～0.5wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 25～40wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 12～36h toasts 12～24h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 2.5～12h under 1300～1550 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The Main chemical component of described coal gangue is: Al
2O
3Be 25～40wt%, SiO
2Be 30～45wt%, Fe
2O
3Be 0.1～1.0wt%, TiO
2Be that 2.0～2.5wt%, C are that 2.0～10.0wt% and burning mistake are 16～25wt%; Its particle diameter is less than 0.5mm.
The Main chemical component of described alumina is: Al
2O
3Be 60～72wt%, SiO
2Be 8～20wt%, Fe
2O
3Be 0.5～1.5wt%, TiO
2Be 2.0～3.0wt%, K
2O+NaO is that 0.4～1.2wt%, CaO+MgO are that 0.2～0.6wt% and burning mistake are 13.5～14.5wt%; Its particle diameter is less than 0.15mm.
Described wedding agent is more than one in carboxymethyl cellulose, silicon sol, the spent pulping liquor.
Described pore-forming material is a kind of in chaff, sawdust, the polystyrene spheres.
Described swelling agent is a kind of in kyanite, andaluzite and the sillimanite, and its particle diameter is less than 0.15mm.
The pressure of described extrusion molding is 1.5～10MPa.
Because adopt technique scheme, main raw material coal gangue of the present invention is the little solid waste of present utility value, environmental friendliness economizes on resources, and production cost is low; By extrusion molding, namely can be used as the kiln working face liner of direct contact flame after burning till, can produce continuously, technique is simple; Utilize the pore-creating of coal gangue volatile matter in the sintering process, improved the heat-insulating property of light mullite brick.The present invention's burnout substances addition method extrusion molding, prepared light mullite brick volume density 0.6～1.3g/cm
3, the minimum 0.18～0.55w/ (mk) that reaches of thermal conductivity, compressive strength 1.5-20.0MPa can satisfy the Industrial Stoves requirement well.
Therefore, but the present invention have economize on resources, environmental friendliness and quantity-produced advantage, prepared mullite light cinder brick has higher intensity and good anti-thermal shock stability characteristics, can be directly used in the working face liner of Industrial Stoves, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, is not limiting the scope of the invention.
For avoiding repetition, the relevant technologies improve parameter unification that this embodiment is involved is described below first:
The particle diameter of swelling agent kyanite, andaluzite and sillimanite is less than 0.15mm;
The pressure of extrusion molding is 1.5～10MPa;
The Main chemical component of coal gangue is: Al
2O
3Be 25～40wt%, SiO
2Be 30～45wt%, Fe
2O
3Be 0.1～1.0wt%, TiO
2Be that 2.0～2.5wt%, C are that 2.0～10.0wt% and burning mistake are 16～25wt%; Its particle diameter is less than 0.5mm;
The Main chemical component of alumina is: Al
2O
3Be 60～72wt%, SiO
2Be 8～20wt%, Fe
2O
3Be 0.5～1.5wt%, TiO
2Be that 2.0～3.0wt%, CaO+MgO are 0.2～0.6wt%, K
2O+NaO is that 0.4～1.2wt% and burning mistake are 13.5～14.5wt%; Its particle diameter is less than 0.15mm.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 50～60wt% and 40～50wt% as raw material, add the chaff of above-mentioned raw materials 13～16wt%, the kyanite of 0.5～2.0wt% and the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.1～0.3wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 25～28wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 30～36h toasts 20～24h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 2.5～6h under 1300～1350 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 1 prepared light mullite brick is 1.0～1.3g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.38～0.55w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 12.4～20.0MPa.
Embodiment 2
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 60～70wt% and 30～40wt% as raw material, add the sawdust of above-mentioned raw materials 12～15wt%, the kyanite of 1.0～2.5wt% and the silicon sol of 0.1～0.3wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 28～30wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 26～32h toasts 18～22h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 3～7h under 1310～1360 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 2 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.9～1.2g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.35～0.50w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 8.0～16.8MPa.
Embodiment 3
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 70～75wt% and 25～30wt% as raw material, add the chaff of above-mentioned raw materials 11～14wt%, the kyanite of 1.5～3.0wt% and the spent pulping liquor of 0.1～0.3wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 30～32wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 24～30h toasts 16～20h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 2.5～6h under 1320～1380 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 3 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.8～1.0g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.28～0.40w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 6.8～12.4MPa.
Embodiment 4
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 75～80wt% and 20～25wt% as raw material, add the polystyrene spheres of above-mentioned raw materials 10～13wt%, the andaluzite of 1.0～2.5wt%, the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.1～0.25wt% and the silicon sol of 0.05～0.1wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 32～35wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 20～26h toasts 14～18h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 3～8h under 1350～1400 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 4 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.8～1.15g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.28～0.48w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 6.8～13.5MPa.
Embodiment 5
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 80～85wt% and 15～20wt% as raw material, add the sawdust of above-mentioned raw materials 9～12wt%, the andaluzite of 3.0～4.5wt%, the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.1～0.25wt% and the spent pulping liquor of 0.1～0.15wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 35～38wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 16～22h toasts 13～17h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 6～11h under 1400～1450 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 5 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.8～1.1g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.28～0.45w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 6.8～13.0MPa.
Embodiment 6
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 85～90wt% and 10～15wt% as raw material, add the chaff of above-mentioned raw materials 8～11wt%, the andaluzite of 2.5～4.0wt%, the silicon sol of 0.15～0.3wt% and the spent pulping liquor of 0.1～0.15wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 38～40wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 12～18h toasts 12～16h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 5～10h under 1380～1420 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 6 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.7～1.0g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.25～0.40w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 5.5～12.4MPa.
Embodiment 7
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.The alumina of first coal gangue take 60～70wt%, 30～40wt% is as raw material, add the polystyrene spheres of above-mentioned raw materials 10～13wt%, the andaluzite of 2.0～3.5wt%, the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.1～0.2wt%, the silicon sol of 0.05～0.1wt% and the spent pulping liquor of 0.1～0.15wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 28～30wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 26～32h toasts 18～22h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 5～10h under 1400～1450 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 7 prepared light mullite bricks is 1.0～1.2g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.38～0.50w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 12.4～16.8MPa.
Embodiment 8
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.The alumina of first coal gangue take 65～75wt%, 25～35wt% adds the chaff of above-mentioned raw materials 10～13wt%, the sillimanite of 2.5～4.0wt%, the silicon sol of 0.15～0.3wt% and the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.05～0.1wt% as raw material, mixes; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 28～31wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 24～30h toasts 16～20h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 8～12h under 1500～1550 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 8 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.8～1.2g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.28～0.50w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 6.8～16.8MPa.
Embodiment 9
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.First take the alumina of the coal gangue of 75～85wt% and 15～25wt% as raw material, add the sawdust of above-mentioned raw materials 12～15wt%, the sillimanite of 2.5～4.0wt%, the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.1～0.2wt% and the silicon sol of 0.05～0.15wt%, mix; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 34～37wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 18～24h toasts 14～20h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 6～11h under 1500～1550 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 9 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.7～1.1g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.25～0.45w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 5.5～13.0MPa.
Embodiment 10
A kind of light mullite brick and preparation method thereof.The bauxitic clay of first coal gangue take 80～90wt%, 10～20wt% adds the chaff of above-mentioned raw materials 8～11wt%, the kyanite of 3.5～5.0wt%, the spent pulping liquor of 0.1～0.2wt% and the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0.2～0.3wt% as raw material, mixes; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 35～38wt% again, make pug, is that 20～40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24～36h under 25～80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 12～18h toasts 12～16h at last under 60～120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 2.5～6h under 1330～1380 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick.
The volume density of present embodiment 10 prepared light mullite bricks is 0.6～0.9g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.18～0.32w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 1.5～9.5MPa.
Present embodiment is abundant with the source, and cheap Coal Refuse is main raw material, greatly reduces production cost.In addition, the present invention has utilized cleverly also that volatile matter burns the burning release of heat of losing pore-creating and composition carbon in the coal gangue, but in Products during Firing save energy, and the thermal conductivity of gained finished product decreases.Also having the present invention to adopt the volume density of the light mullite brick that the burnout substances addition method makes through extrusion molding is 0.6～1.3g/cm
3, thermal conductivity is 0.25～0.60w/ (mk), compressive strength reaches 20.0MPa, can be used as the kiln working face liner of direct contact flame.
Therefore this embodiment has the advantage of changing waste into resources, technique simplification, saved and processed the used soil of these refuses and energy, and the light mullite brick of gained also has higher intensity, lower volume density and thermal conductivity, has good economic worth and social value.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a light mullite brick is characterized in that the alumina of first coal gangue take 50 ~ 90wt% and 10 ~ 50wt% as raw material, adds the pore-forming material of above-mentioned raw materials 8 ~ 16wt%, the swelling agent of 0.5 ~ 5wt% and the wedding agent of 0.05 ~ 0.5wt%, mixes; Adding the water of above-mentioned raw materials 25 ~ 40wt% again, make pug, is that 20 ~ 40 ℃ and humidity are ageing mixture 24 ~ 36h under 25 ~ 80% the condition in temperature; Then with the pug extrusion molding behind the ageing mixture, seasoning 12 ~ 36h toasts 12 ~ 24h at last under 60 ~ 120 ℃ of conditions at ambient temperature, is incubated 2.5 ~ 12h under 1300 ~ 1550 ℃ of conditions, namely gets light mullite brick;
The Main chemical component of described coal gangue is: Al
2O
3Be 25 ~ 40wt%, SiO
2Be 30 ~ 45wt%, Fe
2O
3Be 0.1 ~ 1.0wt%, TiO
2Be that 2.0 ~ 2.5wt%, C are that 2.0 ~ 10.0wt% and burning mistake are 16 ~ 25wt%; Its particle diameter is less than 0.5mm;
The Main chemical component of described alumina is: Al
2O
3Be 60 ~ 72wt%, SiO
2Be 8 ~ 20wt%, Fe
2O
3Be 0.5 ~ 1.5wt%, TiO
2Be 2.0 ~ 3.0wt%, K
2O+Na
2O is that 0.4 ~ 1.2wt%, CaO+MgO are that 0.2 ~ 0.6wt% and burning mistake are 13.5 ~ 14.5wt%; Its particle diameter is less than 0.15mm.
2. the preparation method of light mullite brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that described wedding agent is more than one in carboxymethyl cellulose, silicon sol, the spent pulping liquor.
3. the preparation method of light mullite brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pore-forming material is a kind of in chaff, sawdust, the polystyrene spheres.
4. the preparation method of light mullite brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that described swelling agent is a kind of in kyanite, andaluzite and the sillimanite, and its particle diameter is less than 0.15mm.
5. the preparation method of light mullite brick according to claim 1, the pressure that it is characterized in that described extrusion molding is 1.5 ~ 10MPa.
6. the prepared light mullite brick of preparation method of each described light mullite brick according to claim 1 ~ 5.
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| CN102584289A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-18 | 武汉科技大学 | Mullite lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103601525B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉科技大学 | Based on the mullite light heat-insulation brick and preparation method thereof of high-voltage electric porcelain waste material |
| CN103979978A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-13 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Synthesis method of mullite-based lightweight fireproofing material by using high-aluminium coal gangue |
| CN104072160B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-09-09 | 山东嘉腾实业有限公司 | Ultralow pore mullite brick |
| CN105130494A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-09 | 牛艳宁 | Foaming thermal-insulation fireproof brick produced by using coal gangue, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105503209B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-02-09 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of mullite lightweight thermal insulation brick based on flint clay and preparation method thereof |
| CN105801098A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-07-27 | 福建省德化县创捷窑具有限公司 | Economical and environment-friendly cordierite-mullite kiln furniture composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108017399A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-11 | 河南智联寰宇知识产权运营有限公司 | Refractory brick containing calcium hexaluminate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106673678B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-02-14 | 武汉科技大学 | Mullite light heat-insulating brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN107382365A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-24 | 湖北省当阳豪山建材有限公司 | Porous ceramics and preparation method thereof |
| CN108083768A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 广东科达洁能股份有限公司 | A kind of sintering brick permeable to water produced using gangue and preparation method thereof |
| CN108409345A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-08-17 | 郑州凯翔耐火材料有限公司 | A kind of aluminium scrap clay brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN110937906B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2023-01-10 | 郑州市振峰矿山机器有限公司 | Safe and energy-saving smelting furnace body and smelting device adopting same |
| CN113105255A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 北京金隅通达耐火技术有限公司 | Preparation method of mullite heat-insulating refractory material with low heat conductivity |
| CN113912414B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-08-12 | 韶关学院 | Method for preparing mullite porous heat-insulating material by using coal gangue |
| CN114956840B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-07-18 | 武汉科技大学 | High-strength high-micropore mullite refractory material based on coal gangue and preparation method thereof |
| CN115180932B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-05-16 | 武汉科技大学 | Mullite porous ceramic based on high-sodium industrial alumina in-situ synthesis and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1208279C (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2005-06-29 | 北京科技大学 | Light refractory bricks |
| CN1254456C (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2006-05-03 | 北京科技大学 | Light fire resisting brick of iolite-mulbite and preparation process thereby |
| CN100564318C (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-12-02 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of alumina-silica refractory brick that contains light porous aggregate and preparation method thereof |
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