CN103524123B - Light cordierite-mullite kiln furniture material prepared from bentonite tailings - Google Patents
Light cordierite-mullite kiln furniture material prepared from bentonite tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103524123B CN103524123B CN201310536156.7A CN201310536156A CN103524123B CN 103524123 B CN103524123 B CN 103524123B CN 201310536156 A CN201310536156 A CN 201310536156A CN 103524123 B CN103524123 B CN 103524123B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light cordierite-mullite kiln furniture material prepared from bentonite tailings, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of bentonite tailings, 15-25% of cordierite-mullite kiln furniture wastes, 10-25% of sillimanite, 10-25% of chlorite, 5-10% of low-sodium alumina, 15-25% of light mullite materials, 2-5% of wood flour, and 0.2-0.4% of cellulose in weight of the raw materials, wherein the bentonite tailings are tailings obtained by extracting high-purity bentonite with high montmorillonite content from bentonite ores. The material applies bentonite tailings and cordierite-mullite kiln furniture waste materials, and obtains the kiln furniture material with similar performance to cordierite-mullite through the organic combination of the components, thereby effectively utilizing mineral resources, really turning waste into wealth, reducing the production cost of the kiln furniture material, simultaneously having low product bulk density, belonging to light cordierite-mullite and having good energy-saving performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to kiln furniture material field, particularly relate to lightweight cordierite-mullite kiln furniture materials prepared by a kind of wilkinite mine tailing, and kiln furnitures have the kiln furnitures of lightweight dichroite-mullite performance.
Background technology
Wilkinite is a kind of clay rock, also known as smectite clay rock, often contains a small amount of illite, kaolinite, halloysite, chlorite, zeolite, quartz, feldspar, calcite etc.; Be generally white, faint yellow, because iron-holder change is again light gray, light green, pink, brown red, brick red, grey black etc.; Tool is wax-like, earthy or oily luster; It is loose as soil that wilkinite has, and the densification also had is hard.Main chemical compositions is silicon-dioxide, aluminium sesquioxide and water, also containing elements such as iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, and Na
2o and CaO content affects quite large on bentonitic physicochemical property and process technology performance.Wilkinite has strong water absorbability and swelling property, adsorbable 8 ~ 15 times to the water yield of own vol, volumetric expansion can reach several times to 30 times; Can be dispersed into as a form of gel and suspension in water medium, this medium solution has certain glutinousness, variability and oilness; There is stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC); Have certain adsorptive power to various gas, liquid, organic substance, maximal absorptive capacity can reach 5 times to the weight of self; The admixture of it and water, mud or fine sand has plasticity-and agglutinating value(of coal); There is surface-active acid bleaching soil (atlapulgite, natural bleaching soil-acidic white earth) and can colored ion be adsorbed.Wilkinite has very strong water absorbability, can adsorb the water that is equivalent to own vol 8 one 20 times and be expanded to 30 times; Can disperse in water medium in soliquid, and have certain viscosity, thixotropy and oilness, it has plasticity-and cohesiveness with the admixture of silt etc., has stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC) and adsorptive power.
Formed in recent years with natural mineral wilkinite for raw material, the application performance of nano level organobentonite in the industry such as high performance plastics, rubber prepared through series of processes such as sodium, purification, organic modifications is greatly improved, and greatly meets the requirement of modern industry to material.But natural mineral purity is lower, kind and the content distribution of its impurity are uneven, cause it to be subject to certain restrictions in the application.And when preparing nano level organobentonite, most wilkinite using purity very high is starting material, and a large amount of low-grade bentonites is then used as the raw material of the bulk product such as iron ore pellets, drilling mud, and added value is very low.At present, the organobentonite many uses high-quality bentonite resource produced both at home and abroad, adopts cationic and amphoteric intercalator to prepare, comparatively strong to the dependency of high-quality resource, and product application performance is subject to the impact of intercalator character.Poor, serious waste of resources and range of product is single, added value is low problem is abandoned for the ubiquitous richness of adopting of bentonite ore, take low-grade bentonite as resource, after the method for physical concentration is purified, carry out organic-treating, prepare nanometer level high purity organobentonite.High-purity wilkinite composition high for smectite content in bentonite ore withdraws by the various methods such as wilkinite manufacturer carries out washing, centrifugal drying mud, carry out the production of high-purity bentonite clay material, carrying out of having is various organically-modified, to realize the excellent modified alta-mud of different application, producer is carrying out in the process of purifying, a large amount of residue waste materials can be produced, Here it is wilkinite mine tailing.In mine tailing, smectite content is relatively low, and other intergrowth mineral still exists, and main chemical compositions is still silicon-dioxide, aluminium sesquioxide and water, also containing elements such as iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium.
Attach most importance to wilkinite association nonmetallic tailings, by studying mine tailing composition, thing phase, Technology characteristic and application technology, setting up and utilizing wilkinite mine tailing to prepare the technical system of novel energy-conserving mineral products.
Trichroite (iolite) is a kind of silicate minerals, and it in colourless, but can have light blue or lilac, vitreous luster usually.Maximum characteristic is that thermal expansivity is little, is therefore widely used in pottery, glass industry, improves the ability of its anti-rapid heat cycle.Mullite (or Mo Naishi) is that a series of mineral be made up of aluminosilicate are referred to as, and these class mineral are more rare.Mullite is the mineral that aluminosilicate at high temperature generates, and can form mullite during Heat artificially aluminosilicate.Natural mullite crystal is elongated needle-like and is radiation tufted.Mullite is a kind of refractory materials of high-quality, and it has features such as expanding evenly, thermal shock resistance is fabulous, load softening point is high, high temperature creep value is little, hardness is large, resistance to chemical corrosion is good, and mullite ore deposit is used to produce high-temperature refractory.
Now commercially there are trichroite and the mullite of synthesis, and trichroite and mullite can be combined in kiln furnitures field and obtain the kiln furnitures of dichroite-mullite over-all properties, but because the cost of this bi-material itself is just very high, prepare the kiln furnitures of dichroite-mullite over-all properties, that cost is very high.Trichroite has very low thermal expansivity, good thermal shock stability, but resistance to elevated temperatures is not strong, the resistance to elevated temperatures of mullite is good, and heat shock resistance power is strong, but thermal shock resistance is good not, comprehensively both advantage, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, obtain the coefficient of expansion low, the dichroite-mullite product that resistance to elevated temperatures is strong.
But the body of current ubiquitous cordierite-mullite kiln furniture materials is close is 1.75-2.15g/cm
3, product weight is large, absorbs heat just many, and the consumption of raw material and fuel is just large.
Summary of the invention
For the defect in above-mentioned field, the present invention adopts wilkinite mine tailing, by adding, other raw material is auxiliary together joins, prepared lightweight cordierite-mullite kiln furniture materials, the kiln furnitures of preparation have the composition characteristic of dichroite-mullite and brilliant item, also possess the performance characteristics of dichroite-mullite simultaneously, turn waste into wealth, reduce production cost, and its body is close low, energy-efficient performance is good.
The lightweight cordierite-mullite kiln furniture materials prepared with wilkinite mine tailing, its composition and weight percentage are: wilkinite mine tailing 25-35%, dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material 15-25%, sillimanite 10-25%, chlorite 10-25%, low sodium alumina 5-10%, light-weight mullite material 15-25%, wood powder 2-5%, the 0.2-0.4% Mierocrystalline cellulose of additional aforementioned base materials weight, described wilkinite mine tailing is the tailing after being withdrawn by high-purity wilkinite composition high for smectite content in bentonite ore, and its composition is Al
2o
3content is 10-14%, content of MgO 2-6%, wherein Na in low sodium alumina
2o content is less than 0.3%.
Wilkinite mine tailing 25%, light-weight mullite 21%, sillimanite 10%, chlorite 14%, low sodium alumina 8%, dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material 18%, wood powder 4%, plus fiber element 0.4%.
The method of dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures is prepared with wilkinite mine tailing, comprising the steps: 1) batch mixing adds water after being dry mixed by all raw materials wet mixing, 2) normal temperature in the raw material loading hopper after wet mixing is preserved more than 24 hours by ageing mixture, 3) shapingly kiln furnitures product needed is pressed, kiln furnitures kiln base is made in compression moulding, and 4) drying of kiln base, 5) high-temperature firing, under the high temperature of 1360-1400 DEG C, insulation 6-10 hour;
During described wet mixing, by solids weight 6.0-8.0% external adding water;
Adopt when described kiln base is dry and directly enter protection drying in sealing chamber; described protection drying is for being 60-95% prior to sealing chamber humidity; dry 16-24 hour at temperature 40-70 DEG C, then be 30-60% in sealing chamber humidity, temperature is dry 24-36 hour at 110 DEG C-150 DEG C.
Described protection drying adopts dry holder to support, and described drying holder is fence type closure plate face, and described plate face is greater than billet surface.
Described barrier pitch is 70-120mm.
This material comprises aggregate (sillimanite, dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material, light-weight mullite material, wood powder), substrate material (chlorite, low sodium alumina, wilkinite mine tailing) and admixture (Mierocrystalline cellulose), blend together pug and make kiln furnitures according to a conventional method after adding water.Wherein sillimanite chemical constitution is silico-aluminate, crystal belongs to rhombic nesosilicate mineral, Al
2o
362.9%, SiO
237.1%; The Al of light-weight mullite
2o
3content is 65-71%, SiO
2content is 20-27%, and body is close is 0.8-1.4g/cm
3(be different material from low aluminum-containing mullite in the past); The Al of dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material
2o
3content is 35-46%, SiO
2content is 42-55%, content of MgO 5.5-9.5%; In these three kinds of raw materials, its main component is Al
2o
3and SiO
2, be the main raw material forming the brilliant item of mullite in the application; The Al of wilkinite mine tailing
2o
3content is 10-14%, content of MgO 2-6%, has plasticity-and agglutinating value(of coal), the Al of chlorite after meeting water
2o
3content is 12-18%, content of MgO 29-33%, SiO
2content is 36-41%, aluminum oxide, and as auxiliary material, other desired characteristic of supplying raw materials, simultaneously to Al
2o
3and SiO
2content adjust supplementary further, it is the main raw material forming the brilliant item of trichroite in the application, wood powder volatilizees and forms hole after firing, it is the effect realizing product porous light, light-weight mullite is also the light material of porous series simultaneously, and be the indispensable constitutive material of Realization of Product lightweight, Mierocrystalline cellulose realizes the effect of tackiness agent, all raw materials are organically bonded together, becomes homogeneous kiln furnitures pug.
The organic assembling of above-mentioned raw materials, finally realizes the composition needs of dichroite-mullite, easily generates the brilliant item of trichroite and the brilliant item of mullite in sintering process, and trends towards forming the brilliant item of trichroite more at base portion, is the brilliant item of mullite at aggregate fraction.To realize the better dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures of over-all properties.
Mixing procedure: all raw materials, comprises the wet mixing 5-8 minute that to add water after aggregate is dry mixed 3-5 minute with substrate material together with admixture etc.The raw material external adding water of compression moulding reaches 6.0-8.0%.
The raw material mixed loads hopper normal temperature and preserves, and could use after the ageing mixture time is not less than 24 hours.
Moulding process: compression moulding mode carrys out shaping kiln furnitures.
Compression moulding technique: single or double shaped by fluid pressure, according to required product size size, shrinking percentage according to this material about 1.2% calculates the size of mould, such as goods need length to be 300mm, then die size is that 300/ (1-1.2%)=303.6mm. forming pressure is according to 75-165kgf/cm
2be pressed, obtaining body close is 1.0--1.4g/cm
3product, according to demand and determining.In moulding process, uniformity wanted by cloth, material locally can not be had many or expect few phenomenon, cause the local body of whole goods close inconsistent, and local weak link and damaged in use easily appears in product.
Drying process: the kiln furniture product moisture of extrusion moulding is large, enters kiln again and carries out drying, directly can enter kiln and carry out drying after compression moulding kiln furniture product is shaping after needing seasoning 2-3 days, kiln is that seal protection is dry, i.e. moisturizing but also be incubated.In sealing chamber, humidity is dry 16-24 hour at 60-95%, temperature 40-70 DEG C, then is 30-60% in humidity, and temperature is dry 24-36 hour at 110 DEG C-150 DEG C.
Described protection drying adopts dry holder to support, and described drying holder is fence type closure plate face, and described plate face is greater than billet surface.
Described barrier pitch is 70-120mm.
Because base substrate is before entering klining system, have to pass through protection dry, as improper in protection drying conditions, easily cause this kiln furnitures product to deform, ftracture.As drying is too fast, dehydration is too fast, easily makes base substrate occur crackle, as slowly dried, affects working efficiency, if drying is not thorough, when firing, blank moisture content is large, and in sintering procedure, base substrate is easy to crack.If do not detect that base substrate bends when protecting dry, the sinuousness again due to each base substrate is different, and bending position is different, is easy to cause base substrate knee to ftracture when clipping founds code, therefore protects dry condition extremely important.
Protection is base substrate is placed in dry holder above to support time dry, and its plate face should be greater than base substrate, and planeness is good, otherwise easily causes the periphery unfairness of base substrate, and dry holder is fence type closure plate face, easily utilizes moisture loss, the preferred 70-120mm of interval of grid strip.Too wide, base substrate easily caves at fence gap location, and spacing is too little, is unfavorable for moisture loss.
Sintering technology: high-temperature firing, base substrate, through the high temperature of 1360-1400 DEG C, is incubated the lightweight dichroite-mullite kiln furniture product obtaining excellent property for 6-10 hour, clipping can be adopted to found code peace code two kinds of modes and burn till to carry out setting.
It is clamped by one pile product with fitting strip that clipping founds code, puts into kiln and fires, prevent and deform at sintering procedure product in the mode of vertical code.The preferred 100-200mm of thickness of one pile product, too thin, base substrate number is few, and operation efficiency is low, and distortion probability is large, too thick, easily causes raw burn.When clipping founds code, plummet and level bar detect its planeness.Base substrate after shaping need detect the homogeneity of its degree of compactness, the place that degree of compactness is bad, namely the weak link in plate face, easy to crack in follow-up drying, sintering procedure, distortion.All these detection meanss are all prevent underproof product from flowing into next program, in order to avoid produce the wasting of resources.
Flat code burns till, and needs the very high backing plate of planeness and supports, and backing plate plate face can not be less than the plate face size of burnt product.
Above-mentioned kiln furnitures product performance: body is close: 1.0-1.4g/cm
3; Normal temperature strength: 6-13Mpa; The coefficient of expansion (1000 DEG C): 2.2--3.1 (x10-6K
-1); Refractoriness: 1400 DEG C.This material bodies density is light, very energy-conservation, is suitable for as kiln furniture material.
The body of current ubiquitous cordierite-mullite kiln furniture materials is close is 1.75-2.15g/cm
3. product weight is large, absorbs heat just many, and the consumption of raw material and fuel is just large.The light material of some other material, its coefficient of expansion is high, and thermal shock resistance is poor, and intensity is low, is not suitable with and is used as kiln furniture material.
The oikocryst item of this energy saving type lightweight cordierite-mullite kiln furniture materials is trichroite and mullite, consisting of of the finished product: Al2O3:34-44%; SiO2:43-56%; MgO:5.5-9.5%.
This lightweight kiln furniture material, in its moulding process, green strength is higher, adapts to remove unload, general light material, and mechanical pressing difficulty, green strength is low, can not remove and unload.
This kiln furniture material applies wilkinite mine tailing and dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material, and by the combination of said components, obtain performance and the similar kiln furniture material of dichroite-mullite, effectively make use of Mineral resources, real turns waste into wealth, and also reduce the production cost of kiln furniture material, this kiln furnitures product volume density is low simultaneously, belong to lightweight dichroite-mullite, energy-efficient performance is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The brilliant item picture of Fig. 1,
Fig. 2 is that x-ray diffraction analyzes collection of illustrative plates.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Formula: wilkinite mine tailing 25%, light-weight mullite 21%, sillimanite 10%, chlorite 14%, low sodium alumina 8%, dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material 18%, wood powder 4%, plus fiber element 0.4%.
Wilkinite mine tailing: high-purity wilkinite composition high for smectite content in bentonite ore withdraws by the various method such as natural montmorillonite ore deposit carries out washing, centrifugal drying mud, remaining waste material, the Al of wilkinite mine tailing
2o
3content is 10-14%, content of MgO 2-6%, has plasticity-and agglutinating value(of coal) after meeting water.
Batch mixing: by above-mentioned technique is benchmark in 7%(solid contents) ratio external adding water, obtained compound, sealing ageing mixture 24 hours.
Shaping: one side shaped by fluid pressure, use 140KGF/CM
2pressure come shaping, obtain the solid refractory slab green compact of 304*304*25.2mm, green compact hand can be moved, very solid.
Dry: to carry out drying by above-mentioned technique.
Burn till: 4 piece of one pile rearing in tunnel furnace, at 1370 DEG C, insulation is fired into the lightweight slab kiln of 300*300*25mm for 10 hours.
Detection perform:
Above-mentioned data show, the more common dichroite-mullite goods of the dichroite-mullite product volume density that the present invention obtains are low, the coefficient of expansion is lower, the good thermal shock stability of product is described, meet the requirements, the component requirements of product chemical composition composite cordierite-mullite, product performance are good, are the kiln furniture products of high-quality.
Inner construction analysis: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
The brilliant item picture display of Fig. 1, the brilliant item of acicular mullite and the brilliant item of cloud sheet shape trichroite combine good.
Fig. 2 is that x-ray diffraction analyzes collection of illustrative plates, and main brilliant item is the brilliant item of trichroite and mullite.
Show that the product that the present invention obtains is lightweight dichroite-mullite material.
Claims (5)
1. lightweight dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures, its composition and weight percentage are: wilkinite mine tailing 25-35%, dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material 15-25%, sillimanite 10-25%, chlorite 10-25%, low sodium alumina 5-10%, light-weight mullite material 15-25%, wood powder 2-5%, the 0.2-0.4% Mierocrystalline cellulose of additional aforementioned base materials weight, described wilkinite mine tailing is the tailing after being withdrawn by high-purity wilkinite composition high for smectite content in bentonite ore, and its composition is Al
2o
3content is 10-14%, content of MgO 2-6%, wherein Na in low sodium alumina
2o content is less than 0.3%.
2. lightweight dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures according to claim 1, its composition and weight percentage are: wilkinite mine tailing 25%, light-weight mullite 21%, sillimanite 10%, chlorite 14%, low sodium alumina 8%, dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures waste material 18%, wood powder 4%, plus fiber element 0.4%.
3. the method for the lightweight dichroite-mullite kiln furnitures of preparation described in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps: 1) batch mixing adds water after being dry mixed by all raw materials wet mixing, 2) normal temperature in the raw material loading hopper after wet mixing is preserved more than 24 hours by ageing mixture, 3) shapingly kiln furnitures product needed is pressed, kiln furnitures kiln base is made in compression moulding, and 4) drying of kiln base, 5) high-temperature firing, under the high temperature of 1360-1400 DEG C, insulation 6-10 hour;
During described wet mixing, by solids weight 6.0-8.0% external adding water;
Adopt when described kiln base is dry and directly enter protection drying in sealing chamber; described protection drying is for being 60-95% prior to sealing chamber humidity; dry 16-24 hour at temperature 40-70 DEG C, then be 30-60% in sealing chamber humidity, temperature is dry 24-36 hour at 110 DEG C-150 DEG C.
4. method according to claim 3, described protection drying adopts dry holder to support, and described drying holder is fence type closure plate face, and described plate face is greater than billet surface.
5. method according to claim 3, described barrier pitch is 70-120mm.
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| CN201310536156.7A CN103524123B (en) | 2013-11-01 | 2013-11-01 | Light cordierite-mullite kiln furniture material prepared from bentonite tailings |
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| CN105669244A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 北京创导工业陶瓷有限公司 | Cordierite-mullite kiln furniture material with high thermal shock resistance |
| CN105801098A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-07-27 | 福建省德化县创捷窑具有限公司 | Economical and environment-friendly cordierite-mullite kiln furniture composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
| US11535563B2 (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2022-12-27 | Corning Incorporated | Methods of making cordierite ceramic bodies using chlorite raw material |
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| CN103130524B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-11-26 | 北京创导工业陶瓷有限公司 | Energy-saving light cordierite-mullite kiln furnace material, kiln furnace and preparation method of material |
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