CN102276021A - Multi-component oxidized micro-electrolysis filler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-component oxidized micro-electrolysis filler and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to multi-component oxidized micro-electrolysis filler and a preparation method thereof. The multi-component oxidized micro-electrolysis filler is mainly prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of iron, 20-30% of activated carbon, 12-15% of adhesive and 3-5% of catalyst through mixing, wherein iron is iron scrap or iron powder with particle size not more than 80 mesh; and activated carbon is in a powder and has particle size not more than 100 mesh. The preparation method of the multi-component oxidized micro-electrolysis filler comprises uniformly mixing iron, activated carbon, the adhesive and the catalyst according to the ratio, adding water, stirring and aging, then carrying out extrusion molding to obtain molded filler, demolding to obtain a filler blank, after naturally drying, drying, sintering in the absence of air, and cooling the filler blank to obtain the multi-component oxidized electrolysis filler. According to the invention, the hardening, dead pool, stoppage and other practical problems existing in the use of the traditional micro-electrolysis fillers are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environmental engineering technical field of waste water processing, be specifically related to a kind of multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby Pollutant levels height, Stability Analysis of Structures, biochemical is poor, common process is difficult to realize qualified discharge, and processing cost height many difficult problems such as (12～15 yuan of/ton waste water), though micro electrolysis tech is its comparatively ideal solution, but traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing adopts iron filings (thread more, sheet or bulk) and the blending of granulated active carbon machinery, iron only is that simple physics contacts with charcoal, thereby between be easy to form sealing coat and make little electrolysis can not continue to carry out ineffective, this has caused changing continually micro-electrolysis stuffing, there are many practicality problems: the one, electrode separation, efficient is not high, and speed of response is unhappy; The 2nd, a body easily hardens or obstruction and passivation, causes short circuit and dead band, decrease in efficiency; The 3rd, filler is changed labour intensity big even dead pond or stoppage in transit etc., seriously restricts applying of micro electrolysis tech.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at water quality characteristics at organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby, by to the filler optimum preparation condition, the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing that provides a kind of nothing to harden the formula that can add is to solve the problems referred to above that traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing exists in such waste water uses.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is implemented by the following technical programs: a kind of multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing, described filler mainly gets by iron, gac, binding agent and little amount of catalyst are mixed by mass percentage, wherein, iron: granularity≤80 purpose iron filings or iron powders, 50～60%; Gac: Powdered, granularity≤100 orders, 20～30%; Binding agent: 12～15%; Catalyzer: 3～5%.
As a kind of optimization of the present invention, described caking agent is clay or water glass, and catalyzer is calcium cpd or copper.Described calcium cpd is calcium oxide, lime carbonate or calcium hydroxide.
As a kind of optimization of the present invention, described multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing integral body is regularization porous honeycomb coaly structure, and filler internal openings rate is 30～50%, and it is 45～65% that filler is piled up porosity.
A kind of preparation method of multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing, with described iron filings, gac, binding agent and catalyzer mix by machine mixer according to proportioning, adding water stirs ageing and stablizes behind 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain diameter 50～100mm, the moulding filler of height 50～80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 50～100 ℃ to dry 2～3h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 912～1165 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 1～2 hour, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.The sintering of base substrate mainly relies on the mutual diffusion between each component particles and the alloy homogenizing process of base substrate to finish, and relative movement does not take place between particle, forms a large amount of internal capillary alloy structures whereby, treat the filler cooling after, can make the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.
It is filler body that the preparation method of multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention adopts with multicomponent reactive iron, gac, the multicomponent material solid state sintering is become to have the carrier of certain alloy structure by powder metallurgy technology, this material mainly is by the diffusion mass transfer kinetics mechanism, realize the combination of iron charcoal microelectrode, micro-electrolysis reaction provides lasting power, and has stronger mechanical property; The metallurgical pore-forming material of filler gac double as when high temperature sintering, make a large amount of microvoid structure of the inner generation of filler, increased the contact area of waste water and filler, by the proportioning adjustment, can produce the micro-electrolysis stuffing of different specific weight, and, strengthened little electrolysis strength for micro-electrolysis reaction provides bigger current density, improved reaction efficiency; Add trace catalyst, improved speed of reaction, enlarged the scope of application of micro-electrolysis stuffing; The vesicular structure form effectively prevents hardening or form channel between different filler units; Reaction core iron is in continuous consumption in the use of this filler, and charcoal then drifts out with water with the form of Powdered Activated Carbon, and plays the good adsorption effect in subsequent disposal, belong to efficient " low-carbon (LC) " material, keep stable iron carbon ratio simultaneously, avoided the anode and cathode separation, guarantee the effect of little electricity; After filler uses some cycles, can realize replenishing of filler by the mode that directly adds, in time recovery system is stable, has greatly reduced workman's manipulation strength simultaneously; In the engineering operation, long-acting, steady running that the basic unmanned of polynary micro-electrolysis stuffing can be realized.
As a kind of optimization of the present invention, described multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing in given temperature range behind the sintering integral body be regularization porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate is 30～50%, it is 45～65% that filler is piled up porosity, optimum opening porosity is 40～50%, and it is 65% that filler is piled up porosity.Suitable percentage of open area and filler are piled up porosity and have greatly been improved gas, the triphasic contact area of solid, liquid and fluidised form.The percentage of open area size is determined that by filler size and mould specification filler is piled up porosity and determined by percentage of open area.
As a kind of optimization of the present invention, described sintering temperature is 1000～1100 ℃.Form iron charcoal alloy skeleton structure during sintering under suitable high temperature, thereby make the structure of filler more stable, the life-span is longer relatively.
As a kind of optimization of the present invention, the installation of described filler and use-pattern: directly fill, need not neat stacking, the later stage interpolation directly adds, and is easy and simple to handle.The usage quantity of handling its filler of inhomogeneity waste water is as the criterion with retention time of sewage HRT, and the general residence time is 0.5h～1.5h, specifically must determine that comprise employed acidity condition, the general pH value is controlled at 3～5 and gets final product by test.
A kind of first oxidation micro-electrolysis stuffing that the present invention adopts the porous alloy prepared to go out by the control of process optimization and key parameter, solves conventional filler restriction micro electrolysis tech and uses bottleneck.Process optimization and key parameter control mainly comprise: adopt the combination of multicomponent material proportioning, material of main part adopts granularity≤80 purpose iron filings or iron powders, mass ratio 50～60%; Granularity≤100 order Powdered Activated Carbons, mass ratio 20～30%; Iron filings, gac, binding agent and catalyzer mix by machine mixer according to proportioning, adding water stirs ageing and stablizes behind 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the bad body of moulding of diameter 50～100mm, height 50～80mm, the optimum opening porosity of this base substrate is 40～50%, and realizes by the percentage of open area of mould; Filler after the seasoning placed 912～1165 ℃ of following sintering 1～2 hour under the secluding air condition, this moment, the sintering of base substrate mainly relied on the mutual diffusion between the different component particles and the alloy homogenizing process of filler to finish.Owing between particle relative movement can not take place, so the blank sintering densification degree is lower, thereby guarantee that there is a large amount of microporositys in base substrate inside, this temperature range can guarantee the filler working strength, whole sintering process is controlled at the solid state sintering stage, and when temperature surpasses 1165 ℃, base substrate will enter the liquid phase sintering stage, relative displacement takes place between particle, reach and arrange the most closely, the base substrate porosity sharply reduces, and filling surface is long-pending obviously to be reduced, proportion increases, and burn-off phenomenon takes place.
Compare with traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing, filler of the present invention has following advantage:
1, filler of the present invention forms the porous alloy structure by multicomponent reactive material solid state sintering, and three kinds of holes are in use arranged: the macropore that forms between each filler, the mesopore that utilizes mould to form in the single filler, and the micropore in the entity filler.Its vesicular structure and suitable iron Pd/carbon catalyst proportioning make this filler integrate oxidation, reduction, galvanic deposit, flocculation, absorption, bridge formation, volume sweep, coprecipitated etc. multi-functional, have continue efficiently, do not harden, directly add, characteristics such as low-carbon (LC), the organic pollutant removal rate reaches 30～70%, the B/C of waste water brings up to 0.3～0.5 by 0.1～0.2, for good nutrition foundation has been established in follow-up biological treatment;
2, reacting core in the filler use---iron is in continuous consumption, and charcoal then drifts out with water with the form of Powdered Activated Carbon, and plays good adsorption and catalytic carrier effect in subsequent disposal, belongs to efficient " low-carbon (LC) " material;
3, after filler uses some cycles, need not to change, can realize replenishing of filler by the mode that directly adds on a small quantity, guarantee that little electrolytic system continues, stablizes, greatly reduced simultaneously workman's manipulation strength, substantially accomplish that unmanned can realize long-acting, steady running, solved traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing exist in using harden, practical challenges such as dead pond and stoppage in transit.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiments of the invention; These embodiment can do further to replenish and explanation to the present invention; But the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Employed technology in following examples unless stated otherwise, is routine techniques known to those skilled in the art; Employed plant and instrument, reagent etc., only this specification sheets specifies, is that the research of this area and technician can be by public approach acquisition.
The preparation method of filler of the present invention is as follows: raw material (iron filings, gac, binding agent, the catalyzer) uniform mixing of determining in will filling a prescription, add water and stir 20～30min after the ageing, with compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 50～100mm, height 50～80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 50～100 ℃ to dry 2h down above-mentioned filler after the seasoning, placed 912～1165 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 1～2 hour, after treating the filler cooling, can make multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention.This filler integral body is regularization porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate 30～50%, and filler is piled up porosity 45～65%.
Embodiment 1:
With 80 order waste iron filings (powder), 100 order gacs, binding agent and catalyzer with weight ratio 60:25:12:3 uniform mixing, adding water stirs behind ageing 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 50mm, height 50mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 80～90 ℃ to dry 2h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 1000～1100 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 1 hour, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.Binding agent is a clay, and catalyzer is a calcium oxide.The sintering of base substrate mainly relies on the mutual diffusion between each component particles and the alloy homogenizing process of base substrate to finish, and relative movement does not take place between particle, forms a large amount of internal capillary alloy structures whereby.
Multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention is mainly made by iron filings and Powdered Activated Carbon, and filler bonds by clay, and proportioning has catalyst oxidation calcium in the filler, and iron filings in this filler: gac: binding agent: the weight ratio of catalyzer is 60:25:12:3.The filler profile that makes is porous honeycomb coaly structure, and filler internal openings rate is 40%, and it is 53% that filler is piled up porosity.In the single filler there be again by the microvoid structure that forms in the high temperature sintering the existing mesopore that utilizes mould to form.
Embodiment 2:
With 100 order waste iron filings (powder), 100 order gacs, binding agent and catalyzer with weight ratio 60:22:15:3 uniform mixing, adding water stirs behind ageing 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 65mm, height 50mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 90～100 ℃ to dry 2h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 1000～1100 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 1 hour, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.Binding agent is a clay, and catalyzer is a copper.The filler profile that makes is porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate 35%, and filler is piled up porosity 45%.
Embodiment 3:
100 order waste iron filings (powder), 150 order gacs, binding agent and catalyzer are mixed so that weight ratio 60:20:15:5 is even, adding water stirs behind ageing 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 80mm, height 80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 60～80 ℃ to dry 2h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 1000～1100 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 1 hour, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.Binding agent is a water glass, and catalyzer is a copper.The filler profile that makes is porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate 42%, and filler is piled up porosity 55%.
Embodiment 4:
With 100 order waste iron filings (powder), 150 order gacs, binding agent and catalyzer with weight ratio 50:30:15:5 uniform mixing, adding water stirs behind ageing 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 80mm, height 80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 50～60 ℃ to dry 2h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 912～1100 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 2 hours, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.Binding agent is a water glass, and catalyzer is a copper.The filler profile that makes is porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate 55%, and filler is piled up porosity 60%.
Embodiment 5:
With 100 order waste iron filings (powder), 150 order gacs, binding agent and catalyzer with weight ratio 55:30:12:3 uniform mixing, adding water stirs behind the ageing 20min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 80mm, height 80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 80～90 ℃ to dry 2h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 1100～1165 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 2 hours, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.Binding agent is a water glass, and catalyzer is a lime carbonate.The filler profile that makes is porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate 55%, and filler is piled up porosity 60%.
Embodiment 6:
With 100 order waste iron filings (powder), 150 order gacs, binding agent and catalyzer with weight ratio 55:30:12:3 uniform mixing, adding water stirs behind the ageing 20min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain the moulding filler of diameter 80mm, height 80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 80～90 ℃ to dry 2h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 1100～1165 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 2 hours, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.Binding agent is a water glass, and catalyzer is a copper.The filler profile that makes is porous honeycomb coaly structure, filler internal openings rate 55%, and filler is piled up porosity 65%.
Embodiment 7:
Multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention and traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing are under identical working conditions, and be as shown in table 1 below to the little electrolysis pretreatment effect comparison of organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby data.Organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby is the difficult degradation chemical rinsing waste water, contains a large amount of tensio-active agents in the waste water.
It is 200910100628.8 that the embodiment of the invention adopts application number, name is called the organic electroplating waste water multicomponent oxide pretreatment unit of embodiment part in the Chinese invention patent application of " organic electroplating waste water multicomponent oxide pretreatment process and device ", the effect compare device in degradation of organic waste water as traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing and multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention.Tradition micro-electrolysis stuffing and multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention are as the alternative use of former iron carbon filler layer, and other conditions all condition with this patent application embodiment part are identical.The usage quantity of handling its filler of inhomogeneity waste water is as the criterion with retention time of sewage HRT, specifically must determines that comprise employed acidity condition, the general pH value is controlled at 3～5 and gets final product by test.
Table 1 multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing and traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing result of use data contrast table look-up
Annotate: data every group of data except that the pH value are 5 sample means on the same day in the table.
The present invention compare with traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing have following different:
1, adopt multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention and traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing that the organic pollutant removal effect of waste water of the same race is improved more than 10%, B/C is than improving 0.1～0.15;
2, in use, the air capacity that consumes saves 2/3 than traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing, required air is to be provided by blower fan in the microelectrolysis process, the main consumed power of the daily running of blower fan, so multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention is more energy-conservation 2/3 than traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing, wouldn't count the cost of investment of blower fan herein;
3, use filler of the present invention to prove discovery in engineering practice: the situation of hardening appears in traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing packing layer after using 3 months for the first time, and monolateral water outlet appears in pond body or tower body, and the dead band is stopped up in the part; The tradition micro-electrolysis stuffing obviously descends at use reprocessing rate half a year, and capacity of outlet water descends 30%, and packing layer lost efficacy substantially after processing efficiency descended 45%, one year, needed the labor cleaning, changed packing layer again, and workman's manipulation strength is very big; And using multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing of the present invention, packing layer any hardening and stopping state not occur, treatment effect and water passing capacity maintain normal level;
4, use filler of the present invention, the more traditional micro-electrolysis stuffing of normal consumption amount low 2/3, and the organic pollutant removal effect is improved more than 10%, B/C improves 0.1～0.15, only needs replenish 5～10% every half a year in the engineering operation, and conventional filler is except that situations such as the above-mentioned obstruction of appearance, even add filler with the additional fillers height, but iron carbon electrode demixing phenomenon can occur, the particle charcoal behind the micro-electrolysis reaction is still retained in the packing layer, absorption iron mud causes the packing layer bonding, stops up easily; And filler of the present invention in use, and iron powder consumes in microelectrolysis process, and charcoal then flows out with water with fine-grained Powdered Activated Carbon form, does not influence the iron carbon ratio of filler in the micro-electrolysis reaction pond, so its effect stability; Powdered Activated Carbon also can play and be adsorbed with organic pollutants, strengthens little electrolysis treatment effect, prevent the multi-functional that packing layer hardens simultaneously.
5, use filler of the present invention, rear end at micro-electrolysis reaction cooperates hydrogen peroxide, also can realize the advanced oxidation effect of Fenton, it is the ferrous ion of the nascent state of micro-electrolysis reaction generation, with the follow-up hydrogen peroxide that adds be under the catalytic carrier acting in conjunction with effusive Powdered Activated Carbon, will realize the deep oxidation treatment effect of the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.
Specific embodiment described in the present invention only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.The technician of the technical field of the invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although the present invention has been made detailed explanation and has quoted some specific exampless as proof, to those skilled in the art, only otherwise leave that the spirit and scope of the present invention can be done various variations or correction is obvious.
Claims (7)
1. multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing is characterized in that: described filler is mainly mixed by mass percentage by iron, gac, binding agent and little amount of catalyst, wherein,
Iron: granularity≤80 purpose iron filings or iron powders, 50～60%;
Gac: Powdered, granularity≤100 orders, 20～30%;
Binding agent: 12～15%;
Catalyzer: 3～5%.
2. multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described caking agent is clay or water glass, and catalyzer is calcium cpd or copper.
3. multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing integral body is regularization porous honeycomb coaly structure, and filler internal openings rate is 30～50%, and it is 45～65% that filler is piled up porosity.
4. the preparation method of a multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing, it is characterized in that: with the iron filings described in the claim 1, gac, binding agent and catalyzer are according to the proportioning uniform mixing, adding water stirs ageing and stablizes behind 20～30min compound through the mechanical presses moulding, obtain diameter 50～100mm, the moulding filler of height 50～80mm, make the filler base substrate through the demoulding, place 50～100 ℃ to dry 2～3h down the filler base substrate after the seasoning, placed 912～1165 ℃ of following sintering under the secluding air condition 1～2 hour, after treating the cooling of filler base substrate, promptly obtain the multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing integral body is regularization porous honeycomb coaly structure, and under the secluding air condition, place 912～1165 ℃ of following sintering to form in 1～2 hour, filler internal openings rate is 30～50%, and it is 45～65% that filler is piled up porosity.
6. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the percentage of open area of described multicomponent oxide micro-electrolysis stuffing is 40～50%, and it is 65% that filler is piled up porosity.
7. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described sintering temperature is 1000～1100 ℃.
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