[background technology]
The conductor photocatalysis technology is cut down technology as a kind of novel environmental pollutant, and it utilizes the conductor oxidate material can be subjected to activating signal activation at the illumination lower surface, characteristics such as the efficient oxidation decomposing organic matter, reducing heavy metal ion, antibiotic and removing peculiar smell.In the photochemical catalysis of the report research both at home and abroad, TiO
2With its excellent photocatalytic performance, enjoy people's attention, become most important in recent decades photocatalyst.But because its band gap wide (3.2eV) can only have been limited TiO greatly by the short ultraviolet excitation of wavelength
2Application.
BiVO
4As a kind of non-TiO
2The novel environment friendly semiconductor light-catalyst of base, narrow because of its energy gap, nontoxic again, good stability has a wide range of applications simultaneously.BiVO
4Mainly contain three kinds of crystal formations: cubic Zircon cut, monocline scheelite type structure and cubic scheelite type structure.Wherein the energy gap of monocline crystalline phase pucherite is 2.3-2.4eV, and its sufficiently high valence band can realize hole (h fully
+) to the degraded of organic pollutant, and the conduction band position also helps the reduction of light induced electron, has higher oxidation capacity, and its valence band oxidizing potential is positioned near the 2.4eV, theoretically, can be implemented in the target of water of decomposition and degradable organic pollutant under the visible light.
At present synthetic BiVO
4Traditional method more, as solid reaction process, chemical coprecipitation, sol-gel method and hydrothermal method etc.In traditional hydrothermal synthesis method, adopt common conduction often, shortcomings such as this type of heating has that heating rate is slow, long reaction time, heat distribution is inhomogeneous, thermograde is big have had a strong impact on the character, particle scale of synthetic powder etc.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for the synthetic monocline phase pucherite photocatalyst powder of a kind of microwave-hydrothermal method, its reaction times is short, and technical process is simple, and even particle size distribution and cost are lower.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The method of the synthetic monocline phase pucherite photocatalyst powder of a kind of microwave-hydrothermal method may further comprise the steps:
Is that 1: 1 proportioning is dissolved in HNO respectively with bismuth salt and vanadic salts according to the mol ratio of Bi: V
3In NaOH solution, adopt microwave-hydrothermal method 160~220 ℃ of temperature of reaction, soaking time is synthetic pure monocline phase BiVO under 60~120min condition
4Powder.
The present invention further improves and is: described bismuth salt is Bi (NO
3)
35H
2O, described vanadic salts are NH
4VO
3Described HNO
3The concentration of solution is 2~6mol/L, and the concentration of described NaOH solution is 1~4mol/L.
The present invention further improves and is: Bi (NO
3)
35H
2O and NH
4VO
3Amount of substance be Amol; HNO
3Solution and NaOH solution equal-volume are Bml; A: B=(0.0001~0.00075): 1.
The present invention further improves and is: the amount of substance of bismuth salt and vanadic salts is 0.002~0.015mol; Described HNO
3The volume of solution and NaOH solution is 20ml.
To achieve these goals, the present invention can also adopt following technical scheme:
The method of the synthetic monocline phase pucherite photocatalyst powder of a kind of microwave-hydrothermal method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: with Bi (NO
3)
35H
2O is dissolved in the HNO that concentration is 2~6mol/L
3In the solution, with NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in concentration is in the NaOH solution of 1~4mol/L;
Step 2: two kinds of solution are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 10~30min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 40~60%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 180~220 ℃, insulation 60~120min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase pucherite photocatalyst powder.
The present invention further improves and is: Bi (NO in the step 1
3)
35H
2O and NH
4VO
3Amount of substance identical, HNO
3Solution and NaOH solution equal-volume.
The present invention further improves and is: Bi (NO in the step 1
3)
35H
2O and NH
4VO
3Amount of substance identical, be Amol; HNO
3Solution and NaOH solution equal-volume are Bml; A: B=(0.0001~0.00075) wherein: 1.
The present invention further improves and is: described Bi (NO
3)
35H
2O is 0.002~0.015mol; Described NH
4VO
3Be 0.002~0.015mol; Described HNO
3Solution and NaOH solution are 20ml.
The present invention further improves and is: Bi (NO in the step 1
3)
35H
2O and NH
4VO
3Amount of substance identical, Bi (NO
3)
35H
2O and NH
4VO
3Amount of substance be 0.002~0.005mol, 0.002~0.01mol, 0.002~0.012mol, 0.005~0.01mol, 0.05~0.012mol, 0.05~0.015mol, 0.01~0.012mol, 0.01~0.015mol or 0.012~0.015mol.
The present invention further improves and is: temperature of reaction is 180 ℃, 200 ℃, 220 ℃, 180~200 ℃ or 200~220 ℃ in the step 3.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention is with five water Bismuth trinitrate (Bi (NO
3)
35H
2O) be the bismuth source, ammonium meta-vanadate (NH
4VO
3) be the vanadium source, with bismuth salt and vanadic salts according to Bi: V=1: 1 proportioning is dissolved in HNO respectively
3In NaOH solution, adopt microwave-hydrothermal method 160~220 ℃ of temperature of reaction, soaking time is synthetic pure monocline phase BiVO under 60~120min condition
4Powder.The present invention adopts the microwave hydrothermal synthetic technology to synthesize photocatalytic activity monocline phase BiVO fast
4Powder.This method possesses the heat characteristic of microwave uniqueness and the advantage of hydrothermal method simultaneously, and the powder granularity that obtains is evenly distributed, and technology is simple and easy to control, and preparation cycle is short, only needs 1~2 hour, saves the energy, has very application prospects.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: with 0.005mol Bi (NO
3)
35H
2It is 2mol/L HNO that O is dissolved in 20mL concentration
3In the solution, with 0.005mol NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in 20mL concentration is in the 1mol/L NaOH solution;
Step 2: two kinds of solution in the step 1 are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 10min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 40%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, and soaking time is 60min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase BiVO
4Powder.
With the thing phase composite structure of the powder of XRD determining embodiment 1 preparation, measure the microscopic appearance of powder with SEM, its result is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, therefrom as can be known, adopt the microwave hydrothermal method, can prepare pure monocline phase bismuth vanadate powder photocatalyst with this understanding, powder granularity is evenly distributed.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: with 0.005mol Bi (NO
3)
35H
2It is 4mol/L HNO that O is dissolved in 20mL concentration
3In the solution, with 0.005mol NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in 20mL concentration is in the 2mol/L NaOH solution;
Step 2: two kinds of solution are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 20min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 60%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 180 ℃, and soaking time is 90min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase BiVO
4Powder.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: with 0.002mol Bi (NO
3)
35H
2It is 6mol/L HNO that O is dissolved in 20mL concentration
3In the solution, with 0.002mol NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in 20mL concentration is in the 4mol/L NaOH solution;
Step 2: two kinds of solution in the step 1 are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 30min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 50%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 220 ℃, and soaking time is 120min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase BiVO
4Powder.
Embodiment 4:
Step 1: with 0.01mol Bi (NO
3)
35H
2It is 3mol/L HNO that O is dissolved in 20mL concentration
3In the solution, with 0.01mol NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in 20mL concentration is in the 4mol/L NaOH solution;
Step 2: two kinds of solution in the step 1 are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 15min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 45%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, and soaking time is 120min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase BiVO
4Powder.
Embodiment 5:
Step 1: with 0.012mol Bi (NO
3)
35H
2It is 5mol/L HNO that O is dissolved in 20mL concentration
3In the solution, with 0.012mol NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in 20mL concentration is in the 3mol/L NaOH solution;
Step 2: two kinds of solution in the step 1 are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 20min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 55%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, and soaking time is 100min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase BiVO
4Powder.
Embodiment 6:
Step 1: with 0.015mol Bi (NO
3)
35H
2It is 5mol/L HNO that O is dissolved in 20mL concentration
3In the solution, with 0.015mol NH
4VO
3Being dissolved in 20mL concentration is in the 2mol/L NaOH solution;
Step 2: two kinds of solution in the step 1 are mixed, on magnetic stirring apparatus, stir 30min, be mixed with precursor solution;
Step 3: precursor solution is added in the microwave hydrothermal reaction kettle, and packing ratio is 40%, then reactor is placed microwave-assisted hydro-thermal synthesizer, and setting temperature of reaction is 180 ℃, and soaking time is 60min;
Step 4: after question response was finished, the yellow mercury oxide in the reactor was taken out in cooling, to neutrality, uses absolute ethanol washing with deionized water wash again, at last at 80 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature, obtains monocline phase BiVO
4Powder.
The above only is one embodiment of the present invention, it or not whole or unique embodiment, the conversion of any equivalence that those of ordinary skills take technical solution of the present invention by reading specification sheets of the present invention is claim of the present invention and contains.