CN102270778A - Small-scale antenna for medium short waveband ship - Google Patents
Small-scale antenna for medium short waveband ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN102270778A CN102270778A CN2010102825655A CN201010282565A CN102270778A CN 102270778 A CN102270778 A CN 102270778A CN 2010102825655 A CN2010102825655 A CN 2010102825655A CN 201010282565 A CN201010282565 A CN 201010282565A CN 102270778 A CN102270778 A CN 102270778A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-scale antenna for a medium short waveband ship. The antenna disclosed by the invention comprises four parts: a dielectric layer, a conductor layer, a coaxial feeder and a grounding plate, wherein the conductor layer is in a plane structure and is carved on the upper surface of the dielectric layer; the conductor layer comprises multiple end-to-end bent conductor sections; the conductor tail ends of the conductor sections are connected through a section of short conductor based on two sixth-order Hilbert fractal structures; the antenna is vertically installed on the upper surface of the grounding plate; a hole is formed in the geometric center of the grounding plate; and the coaxial feeder is connected with the antenna through the hole of the grounding plate. The experiment data indicate that an antenna model machine can be operated in a medium short waveband of 2-8 MHz, has the characteristics of small volume, wide frequency band, low profile and omnidirection and is suitable for a ship. The antenna disclosed by the invention can be used for a marine radio navigation system and can be popularized to other relevant systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna.The dipole antenna of a kind of miniaturization specifically.
Background technology
The Marine Radio Navigation system is based on the spread spectrum system, be equipped on the naval vessel, be operated in short-and-medium wave band, utilize the earthwave location of finding range, as effectively replenishing of satellite-based radio navigation system, this system has the positioning accuracy height, antijamming capability is strong, working range is big, good confidentiality, safe and reliable characteristics, and market prospects are very wide.
At sea in the radio navigation system, antenna has determined integrated level, positioning accuracy and the working range of system as the important composition element in the system, is the basis that the assurance system can safe and stable operation.Marine Radio Navigation system receiving equipment belongs to the magnetic antenna category generally based on large-scale whip antenna at present.According to the magnetic antenna theory, for guaranteeing antenna performance, its design height should be not less than 1/10th of signal wavelength.Because intermediate waves segment signal wavelength is big, reach hundred meters magnitudes usually, so the system antenna height often is not less than 3 meters.Antenna size is big, and being difficult to install and safeguarding is the major issue that influences system's receiving equipment integrated level.Therefore, short-and-medium wave band marine minitype reception antenna becomes the technological difficulties in the system design.
The antenna miniaturization technology is an important topic of antenna research field all the time, as magnetic antenna technology, folding line antenna, helical antenna, microstrip antenna and left-handed medium antenna of just coming out in 2005 or the like.Yet in short-and-medium wave band marine minitype Antenna Design field, above-mentioned some antenna miniaturization means all have such or such deficiency.There are shortcomings such as demagnetization, easy fragmentation as magnetic antenna; The helical antenna degree of miniaturization is low, is difficult to satisfy the requirement of short-and-medium wave band Antenna Design; Left-handed medium does not exist at short-and-medium wave band, therefore can't carry out intermediate waves left-handed medium Antenna Design or the like.
For this reason, 2008, the Wang Zhigong professor of Southeast China University, doctor Wang Keping place seminar have designed a small-sized reception antenna in short-and-medium wave band broadband based on folding line and Hilbert fractal structure, and write scientific paper " short-and-medium wave band broad-band reception antenna design in an a kind of confined space " literary composition, be published in " electric wave science journal ".Yet the designed antenna of the document be with can being operated in short-and-medium wave band, and has the broadband characteristics, but antenna has the highly directive characteristics, is unfavorable for that the omnidirectional of signal on the naval vessel receives and radiation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the high and low profile of a kind of degree of miniaturization, broadband, short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna that stationary wave characteristic is good.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Comprise dielectric layer, conductor layer, coaxial feeder, four parts of ground plate; Described conductor layer is a planar structure, applies and is engraved on the dielectric layer upper surface, is made up of many end to end bending wire sections, and described conducting line segment is based on two six rank Hilbert fractal structures, and its wire end is connected by a brachymemma lead; Antenna vertically is installed on the ground plate upper surface, the place's perforate of ground plate geometric center, and coaxial feeder is connected with antenna via the ground plate perforate.
The present invention can also comprise some features like this:
(1) described conductor layer lead corner location is set to the right angle.
(2) coverage rate of described conductor layer on dielectric layer is rectangle, and this coverage rate length of side equals the conductor layer length of side, forms radiator antenna element with this.
(3) described antenna conductor layer length of side 26cm, wide 13cm, the about 1mm of conducting line segment width.
(4) antenna conductor section material is a Copper Foil, is coated with the tin layer on conducting line segment.
(5) described antenna dielectric layer material is the tabular structure of polytetrafluoroethylene, and its length of side is greater than conductor layer length of side 2mm, dielectric layer thickness 1mm;
(6) described antenna ground plate is the copper coin structure, ground plate thickness 3mm.
(7) described antenna is by coaxial feeding, and feeding interface is the SMA head, and 50 ohm of feed line impedance, its concrete feed placement are geometric center place, antenna conductor layer bottom.
The present invention is directed to existing short-and-medium wave band marine minitype reception antenna and be difficult to miniaturization, can't omnidirectional receive and the shortcoming of radiation signal, disclose a kind of based on the fractal dipole antenna of Hilbert, have the high and low profile of degree of miniaturization, broadband, characteristics that stationary wave characteristic is good based on the type antenna, overcome conventional dipole sub antenna figure of eight pattern structure simultaneously, have omnidirectional radiation and receiving feature, can satisfy the designing requirement of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna; In addition, the present invention discloses simultaneously the small size antenna of a kind of Marine Radio Navigation system receiving equipment based on this antenna.
The present invention is core with the fractal theory, simultaneously in conjunction with classical dipole antenna theory.Adopt the Hilbert fractal curve to replace on monopole antenna arm wherein, thereby form two Hilbert structures.Dipole antenna with respect to equal height, antenna among the present invention has strengthened the effective length of antenna in the confined space, increased antenna radiation resistance, improved the radiation efficiency of antenna, though this antenna still is subordinate to the electronically small antenna category, broken through the electronically small antenna theory to receiving the restriction of antenna size.
Short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna of the present invention is used for the receiving equipment of Marine Radio Navigation system, with original large-scale whip antenna in the alternate device.
In sum, the present invention introduces the Hilbert fractal structure in the middle of the design of dipole antenna, for short-and-medium wave band Antenna Design provides a kind of new miniaturization Design means, only be about 4% of identical performance dipole antenna based on the antenna height of this conceptual design.Simultaneously, the Marine Radio Navigation system antenna of receiving device that the present invention is based on this conceptual design has following useful effect:
(1) antenna height only is 13cm, and existing large-scale whip antenna is similar in performance and the system, and size only is 7% of existing antenna;
(2) have a plurality of working frequency range in 2～8MHz frequency band range, antenna has the broadband characteristics, and resonance frequency band internal antenna standing-wave ratio is lower than 3;
(3) have about 48 ohm output impedance, be easy to and the coaxial line coupling, signal energy loss in transmission course is little;
(4) have the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation and received signal,, can be sensitive to weak signal having similar gain from the different directions signal.
Need to prove, the short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna of Marine Radio Navigation system receiving equipment that is used for disclosed by the invention is only for better explanation the present invention is unrestricted based on fractal this antenna miniaturization technical application scheme of dipole antenna of Hilbert, this antenna structure being equal to of carrying out, replaced or revise, and do not break away from the present embodiment scope, then all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is two Hilbert fractal antenna structural representations among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the return loss of related antenna among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stationary wave characteristic of related antenna among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the antenna first resonance frequency E of the place face normalized radiation pattern among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the antenna first resonance frequency H of the place face normalized radiation pattern among the present invention.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is done description in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The present invention mainly provides a kind of miniaturization embodiment of new dipole antenna, utilize the Hilbert fractal antenna to substitute the monopole antenna of forming dipole antenna, under the constant prerequisite of antenna resonance characteristic, reach the increase effective antenna length, improve input impedance, improve the purpose of antenna radiation efficiency.Simultaneously, because Hilbert fractal antenna CURRENT DISTRIBUTION is even, be a kind of omnidirectional antenna.Therefore, be applied in the design of dipole antenna, can improve original radiation characteristic of antenna, reduce antenna directivity, eliminate antenna and receive zero point, make antenna can accomplish that omnidirectional receives.
The present invention is applied to above-mentioned Antenna Design scheme in the Marine Radio Navigation system, for it provides a kind of small-sized reception antenna that can work in short-and-medium wave band.The iterations of Hilbert fractal antenna elects 6 as among the present invention, and antenna size is decided to be 26cm * 13cm, 8.2 meters of antenna conductor length overalls, and the antenna conductor radius is 0.5mm.
Fig. 1 is antenna assumption diagram among the present invention, and wherein to elect dielectric constant as be 2.65 polytetrafluoroethylene to antenna backboard material, and antenna conductor is the copper cash of radius 0.25mm, the single face etching, copper cash protrudes backboard 0.25mm, back plate thickness 0.5mm, and the two Hilbert fractal antenna places of being connected are antenna feed point.
Final data is selected as follows in the Antenna Design process:
Table 1 is based on the fractal dipole antenna configuration data of two Hilbert
Table?1the?configuration?data?of?two?polar?antennas?which?isbased?on?the?double-Hilbert?fractal?curve
| The antenna title | Based on the fractal dipole antenna of two Hilbert |
| The fractal baffle dimensions of monolithic Hilbert | ?13×13cm 2 |
| The antenna conductor material | Copper |
| Feeding classification | Coaxial feeding |
| The coaxial outer conductor radius | ?2.3mm |
| Coaxial line probe radius | ?1mm |
| Matched impedance | 50 ohm |
| The driving source type | Gaussian pulse |
| The medium backboard | Dielectric constant is 2.65 polytetrafluoroethylene |
| The ground plate material | Copper |
| The ground plate size | ?15×15×0.3cm 3 |
Fig. 2 is 2～8MHz frequency band internal antenna return loss among the present invention, as seen from the figure, and in 2～6MHz frequency band, but antenna is resonance all, and return loss is lower than-20dB, as reception antenna, can satisfy the Marine Radio Navigation system requirements, the antenna relative bandwidth has reached 80% simultaneously.
Fig. 3 is 2～8MHz frequency band internal antenna stationary wave characteristic among the present invention, as seen from the figure, and in 2～6MHz frequency band, under 50 ohm of matched impedance conditions, antenna has good stationary wave characteristic, and standing-wave ratio all is lower than 1.5, at 5MHz resonance frequency place, antenna standing wave ratio has reached 1.201.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 is respectively antenna resonance frequency antenna E, H face normalized radiation pattern when being 5MHz, as seen from the figure, antenna can satisfy the system requirements that omnidirectional receives fully, radiation main lobe is about 0～180 degree, between, the appearance of no secondary lobe, 180～360 degree right and left tropisms a little less than, influenced antenna efficiency to a certain extent.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of new dipole antenna miniaturization embodiment-based on the fractal dipole antenna of two Hilbert, according to this conceptual design a kind of fractal Small-sized Marine reception antenna in 6 rank that can work in short-and-medium wave band, made the Principle of Antenna model machine, and be applied in the Marine Radio Navigation system.Experimental data shows that the antenna height among the present invention only is 13cm, can work in the short-and-medium wave band of 2～8MHz, has good stationary wave characteristic and broadband, low profile, isotropic characteristics, is suitable for peculiar to vessel.Simultaneously, the present invention not only can be used for the Marine Radio Navigation system, also may extend in other related systems.
If no special instructions, the represented meaning of all mathematic signs of this specification is all unified, and the cps in the accompanying drawing is MHz.
Claims (8)
1. a short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna comprises dielectric layer, conductor layer, coaxial feeder, four parts of ground plate; It is characterized in that: described conductor layer is a planar structure, applies and is engraved on the dielectric layer upper surface, is made up of many end to end bending wire sections, and described conducting line segment is based on two six rank Hilbert fractal structures, and its wire end is connected by a brachymemma lead; Antenna vertically is installed on the ground plate upper surface, the place's perforate of ground plate geometric center, and coaxial feeder is connected with antenna via the ground plate perforate.
2. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conductor layer lead corner location is set to the right angle.
3. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the coverage rate of described conductor layer on dielectric layer is rectangle, this coverage rate length of side equals the conductor layer length of side, forms radiator antenna element with this.
4. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described antenna conductor layer length of side 26cm, wide 13cm, the about 1mm of conducting line segment width.
5. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: antenna conductor section material is a Copper Foil, is coated with the tin layer on conducting line segment.
6. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described antenna dielectric layer material is the tabular structure of polytetrafluoroethylene, and its length of side is greater than conductor layer length of side 2mm, dielectric layer thickness 1mm;
7. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described antenna ground plate is the copper coin structure, ground plate thickness 3mm.
8. a kind of short-and-medium wave band marine minitype antenna according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described antenna is by coaxial feeding, and feeding interface is the SMA head, and 50 ohm of feed line impedance, its concrete feed placement are geometric center place, antenna conductor layer bottom.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102825655A CN102270778A (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2010-09-16 | Small-scale antenna for medium short waveband ship |
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| CN2010102825655A CN102270778A (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2010-09-16 | Small-scale antenna for medium short waveband ship |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112635959A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Method and device for adjusting resonant frequency of sea surface antenna and electronic equipment |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1425208A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2003-06-18 | 弗拉克托斯股份有限公司 | Space-filling miniature antennas |
| CN1575529A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2005-02-02 | 香港科技大学 | Planar band gap materials |
| CN101465460A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | 长盛科技股份有限公司 | Fractal dipole aerial |
| CN101557035A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2009-10-14 | 重庆大学 | Local discharge ultrahigh-frequency detection fractal antenna and preparation method thereof |
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2010
- 2010-09-16 CN CN2010102825655A patent/CN102270778A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1425208A (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2003-06-18 | 弗拉克托斯股份有限公司 | Space-filling miniature antennas |
| CN1575529A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2005-02-02 | 香港科技大学 | Planar band gap materials |
| CN101465460A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | 长盛科技股份有限公司 | Fractal dipole aerial |
| CN101557035A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2009-10-14 | 重庆大学 | Local discharge ultrahigh-frequency detection fractal antenna and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112635959A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Method and device for adjusting resonant frequency of sea surface antenna and electronic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20111207 |