CN108172984A - A kind of circular polarized antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas - Google Patents
A kind of circular polarized antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas Download PDFInfo
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- CN108172984A CN108172984A CN201711245342.XA CN201711245342A CN108172984A CN 108172984 A CN108172984 A CN 108172984A CN 201711245342 A CN201711245342 A CN 201711245342A CN 108172984 A CN108172984 A CN 108172984A
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- PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OI(OC(=O)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 46
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The advantages that a kind of circular polarized antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas proposed by the present invention has simple in structure, low cost, is easy to large-scale production.Divide phase-shift network including several PIFA antennas, medium substrate, metallic reflection bottom plate, work(;The PIFA antennas, work(divide phase-shift network to be set to above medium substrate, and metallic reflection bottom plate is set to below medium substrate;The PIFA antennas include PIFA Shorted posts, PIFA microstrip lines and PIFA feed pins, and the PIFA microstrip lines connect work(for receiving or emitting line polarization wave, by PIFA feed pins and divide phase-shift network;The work(divides phase-shift network for line polarization wave to be synthesized circularly polarised wave;The PIFA Shorted posts connection PIFA microstrip lines and metallic reflection bottom plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of satellite navigation, more particularly to a kind of circular polarisation day being made of multiple PIFA antennas
Line can be applicable in one or more satellite navigation systems such as the Big Dipper, GPS, Galileo, GLONASS simultaneously.
Background technology
The carrier wave of satellite navigation system is circularly polarised wave, if using linear polarized antenna, can cause polarization loss, cause to connect
The satellite signal strength received reduces.Therefore linear polarized antenna is commonly used in the amateur navigation equipment that mobile phone equidimension is limited
In.In order to which polarization loss is preferably minimized, professional satellite navigation generally uses circular polarized antenna.
PIFA (planar inverted-F antenna) is since its is simple in structure, and manufacture is at low cost, and size is smaller, it is easy to accomplish multifrequency point etc.
Advantage is widely used in the mobile terminals such as mobile phone.But PIFA antennas are linear polarized antennas, being not suitable for the navigation equipment of profession makes
With.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of circular polarized antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas, has simple in structure, and low cost is easy to
The advantages that large-scale production.
The technical scheme is that:
1. a kind of circular polarized antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that including multiple PIFA antennas, medium
Substrate, metallic reflection bottom plate, work(divide phase-shift network;The PIFA antennas, work(divide phase-shift network to be set to above medium substrate,
Metallic reflection bottom plate is set to below medium substrate;The PIFA antennas include PIFA Shorted posts, PIFA microstrip lines and PIFA
Feed pin, the PIFA microstrip lines connect work(for receiving or emitting line polarization wave, by PIFA feed pins and divide phase-shift network;Institute
It states work(and divides phase-shift network for line polarization wave to be synthesized circularly polarised wave;The PIFA Shorted posts connection PIFA microstrip lines and metal
Reflected bottom plate.
2. the quantity of the PIFA antennas, is 4 n times power, N is natural number;It is preferred that it is connected to one using 4 PIFA antennas
Four road work(is divided to divide phase-shift network network;Or it is connected to one point of eight road work(using 8 PIFA antennas and divides phase-shift network.
3. the work(divides the differential feed port of phase-shift network to connect Balun chips, end fed is converted to by Balun
Port;The Balun chips single-ended signal pin passes through medium substrate to connect metallic reflection bottom plate.
4. the work(divides phase-shift network to divide phase-shift network for microstrip line work(, described thin including thin microstrip line and thick microstrip line
Microstrip line connects the feed pin of each PIFA antennas, the two thin microstrip line connection one of two PIFA antenna feed pins of connection respectively
The point that the thick microstrip line of item, two thin microstrip line and a thick microstrip line are connected is combining point, and the thick microstrip line forms difference feedback
Electric port is connected on Balun chips.
5. the thin micro-strip line impedance is 100 ohm ± 20%, the thick micro-strip line impedance is 50 ohm.
6. the work(divides the polarization characteristic of the structures shape of phase-shift network antenna, the nearer PIFA antennas of distance combining point
Phase is advanced, the PIFA antenna phases lag of distance combining point farther out, according to right-hand man's screw rule, the method for thumb directional antenna
To direction, the antenna of delayed phase is directed toward by the advanced antenna of phase, bending direction is consistent, and antenna is right if referred to the right hand four
Hand circular polarization antenna, if referred to left hand four, bending direction is consistent, and antenna if is left-hand circular polarization antenna.
7. the sum of length of the PIFA microstrip lines and feed pin is PIFA antenna lengths, the length of PIFA antennas determines
Working frequency;The length of the PIFA antennas isWherein, 1 λ is Antenna Operation center frequency point in freedom
A wavelength in space, ε are the dielectric constant of medium substrate.
8. the shape of the PIFA microstrip lines can be curved line or serpentine, fold line, it is uniformly distributed by circumference,
So as to fulfill antenna miniaturization.
9. a kind of circular polarisation active antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that described by multiple PIFA
The lower section integrated low-noise amplifier of the metallic reflection bottom plate of the circular polarized antenna of antenna composition, forms by multiple PIFA antenna sets
Into circular polarisation active antenna.
10. a kind of antenna and the integrated inexpensive satellite navigation of receiver, which is characterized in that described by multiple
Integrated low-noise amplifier and satellite navigation connect simultaneously for the lower section of the metallic reflection bottom plate of the circular polarized antenna of PIFA antennas composition
Receipts machine forms antenna and the integrated inexpensive satellite navigation of receiver.
The technique effect of the present invention:
A kind of circular polarization microstrip antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas proposed by the present invention, has the characteristics that:
1. phase-shift network is divided to link together by work(on multiple PIFA antennas, phase-shift network is divided to form circular polarisation by work(
Wave.It is compared with common linear polarization PIFA antennas, avoids 3dB polarization damage caused by linear polarization PIFA antennas receive circularly polarised wave
It loses, the satellite navigation of profession is suitble to use.
2. it is compared with four-arm spiral antenna using helical antenna as radiating element, using PIFA antennas as radiating element
It has the advantage that:The height of PIFA antennas is low compared with helical antenna, and antenna occupies little space;And it is easy to implement dual-frequency point;
PIFA antenna structures are simpler, and the materials such as PCB is easy to use to carry out inexpensive production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circular polarization microstrip antenna example structure schematic diagram being made of multiple PIFA antennas of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the standing wave pattern of the circular polarization microstrip antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the directional diagram of the circular polarization microstrip antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral lists as follows:1- metallic reflection bottom plates, 2- medium substrates, 3- work(divide phase-shift network, and 4- low noises are put
Big device, 5-Balun chips, the single-ended pin via of 6-Balun chips, 7-PIFA antenna short circuit needles, 8-PIFA antenna feed pins, 9-
PIFA antenna micro strip lines, 10- combining points, the thin microstrip lines of 11-, the thick microstrip lines of 12-.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the circular polarization microstrip antenna example structure schematic diagram being made of for the present invention multiple PIFA antennas.
Divide phase-shift network 3 including multiple PIFA antennas, medium substrate 2, metallic reflection bottom plate 1, work(;PIFA antennas, work(divide phase-shift network
It is set to above medium substrate, metallic reflection bottom plate is set to below medium substrate;Wherein, it is short to include PIFA for PIFA antennas
Road needle 7, PIFA feed pins 8 and PIFA microstrip lines 9, PIFA microstrip lines 9 are fed for receiving or emitting line polarization wave by PIFA
Needle 8 connects work(and divides phase-shift network 3;Work(divides phase-shift network 3 for line polarization wave to be synthesized circularly polarised wave;PIFA Shorted posts 7 connect
Connect PIFA microstrip lines 9 and metallic reflection bottom plate 1.
Wherein, the quantity of PIFA antennas, is 4 n times power, and N is natural number;It is preferred that it is connected to one using 4 PIFA antennas
Four road work(is divided to divide phase-shift network network;Or it is connected to one point of eight road work(using 8 PIFA antennas and divides phase-shift network.The present embodiment is adopted
With 4 PIFA antennas.
Work(divides the differential feed port of phase-shift network to connect Balun chips 5, and end fed port is converted to by Balun;
Balun chip single-ended signal pins pass through medium substrate 2 to connect metallic reflection bottom plate 1 by via 6, for that will pass through PIFA days
The line polarization wave that amplitude that line receives is equal, phase is identical divides phase-shift network to form 90 degree of phase differences by work(, using
Balun chips form 180 degree phase difference, and the line polarization wave phase that last four antennas receive is followed successively by 0 degree, 90 degree, and 180
Degree, the angle of 270 degree and four antenna present positions corresponds to, so as to form circularly polarised wave.Work(divides phase-shift network 3 to be microstrip line
Work(divides phase-shift network, and including thin microstrip line 11 and thick microstrip line 12, thin microstrip line 11 connects the feed of each PIFA antennas respectively
Needle 8, the two thin microstrip line of two PIFA antenna feed pins of connection connect a thick microstrip line, and two thin microstrip line and one are slightly
The point that microstrip line is connected is combining point 10.In the present embodiment, 4 thin microstrip line 11 connects the feed pin of 4 PIFA antennas respectively
8, wherein the two thin microstrip line for connecting two neighboring antenna feed pin connects a thick microstrip line, a combining point 10 is formed,
The thin microstrip line of two other for connecting two neighboring antenna feed pin connects an other thick microstrip line, forms another combining
Point, two thick microstrip lines after combining form differential feed port, are connected on Balun chips 5.The thin microstrip line of the present embodiment
Impedance is 100 ohm ± 20%, and thick micro-strip line impedance is 50 ohm, and thick microstrip line requirement is isometric;Combining point arrives connected to it
The distance difference electrical length of two PIFA antennas is 90 degree, i.e. the difference of electrical length is grown equal to the quarter-wave electricity of working frequency points
Degree, wherein, electrical length is defined as:The physical length of microstrip transmission line uses L* with transmitting the ratio between electromagnetic wavelength as electrical length
=L/ λ represent that wherein λ is wavelength, and L is the physical length of transmission line.Work(divides the polarization of the structures shape of phase-shift network antenna
Characteristic, the nearer PIFA antenna phases of distance combining point are advanced, the PIFA antenna phases lag of distance combining point farther out, according to a left side
Right-hand screw rule, the normal orientation of thumb directional antenna, by the antenna of the advanced antenna direction delayed phase of phase, and if
The right hand four refers to that bending direction is consistent, and antenna is right-handed circular polarization antenna, if it is consistent to refer to bending direction with left hand four, antenna if is
Left-hand circular polarization antenna.
The sum of length of PIFA antenna micro strips line 9 and antenna feed pin 8 is PIFA antenna lengths, and the length of PIFA antennas is determined
Working frequency is determined;The present embodiment PIFA antenna lengths areWherein, λ exists for Antenna Operation center frequency point
A wavelength in free space, ε are the dielectric constant of medium substrate.The thickness of PIFA antenna micro strips line 9 influences the work of antenna
Make bandwidth;The thickness of the present embodiment PIFA antenna micro strips line 9 is 3mm.PIFA antenna short circuits needle 7 and PIFA antennas feed pin 8 it
Between distance influence the impedance of antenna, its distance is 3.5mm in the present embodiment, and corresponding PIFA antenna impedances are 100 ohm.It is described
The shape of PIFA microstrip lines 9 can be arbitrary shape, such as curved line or serpentine, fold line, the present embodiment are curved line, are pressed
Circumference is uniformly distributed, so as to fulfill antenna miniaturization.Its shape influences the radiation efficiency of antenna, wherein line of radiation efficiency
Highest, the receipts star effect of antenna are preferably also;When the shape folded bent volume minimum of antenna, radiation efficiency is also minimum.
The medium substrate 2 and metallic reflection bottom plate 1 of the present embodiment are round or other shapes.The present embodiment
It the lower section of metallic reflection bottom plate 1 can be with integrated low-noise amplifier 4, by the circular polarized antenna of the multiple PIFA antennas compositions of the present invention
Become active antenna.Or integrated low-noise amplifier and satellite navigation receiver, formation antenna and receiver are integrated simultaneously
Inexpensive satellite navigation.Low-noise amplifier and navigation neceiver can also apart from metallic reflection bottom plate a certain distance,
It is attached using coaxial line.The circular polarization microstrip antenna operation principle being made of multiple PIFA antennas of the present invention is PIFA
Electromagnetic wave in antenna coupled room becomes the guided wave that work(divides on phase-shift network 3 by PIFA antennas feed pin 8;PIFA days
Line receives that amplitude is equal, the identical line polarization wave of phase, 90 degree of phase differences is formed by subtle band line, using Balun cores
Piece forms 180 degree phase difference, and the line polarization wave phase that last four antennas receive is followed successively by 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree,
It is corresponding with the angle of four antenna present positions, so as to form circularly polarised wave.It may be output to what metallic reflection bottom plate was installed below
Low-noise amplifier and navigation neceiver.
Standing wave pattern of the attached drawing 2 for the circular polarization microstrip antenna of the present invention.Ordinate represents standing-wave ratio, and abscissa is frequency,
Function curve represents the standing-wave ratio of antenna on each Frequency point.Standing-wave ratio ideal value is equal to 1, represents that the impedance of feeder line and antenna is complete
Full matching, high-frequency energy is all gone out by aerial radiation at this time, without the reflection loss of energy;When standing-wave ratio is infinitely great, table
Show total reflection, energy is not radiate completely.
Directional diagram of the attached drawing 3 for the circular polarization microstrip antenna of the present invention.Antenna radiation pattern refers to a certain distance from antenna
Place, the relative field strength (normalization modulus value) of radiation field is with the figure of direction change, and radial coordinate represents antenna gain, with dB tables
Show, angle coordinate represents aerial radiation or receives the angle of electromagnetic wave, and function curve represents that antenna is radiated or connect to all directions
The power of electromagnetic wave ability is received, is represented with dB.
It should be pointed out that specific embodiment described above can make those skilled in the art that the present invention be more fully understood
It creates, but do not limit the invention in any way is created.Therefore, although this specification and embodiment have carried out the invention
Detailed description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that still can modify to the invention or equivalent
It replaces;And technical solution and its improvement of all spirit and scope for not departing from the invention, it is encompassed by wound of the present invention
It makes in the protection domain of patent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of circular polarized antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that including multiple PIFA antennas, medium base
Plate, metallic reflection bottom plate, work(divide phase-shift network;The PIFA antennas, work(divide phase-shift network to be set to above medium substrate, gold
Belong to reflected bottom plate to be set to below medium substrate;The PIFA antennas include PIFA Shorted posts, PIFA microstrip lines and PIFA feedbacks
Acusector, the PIFA microstrip lines connect work(for receiving or emitting line polarization wave, by PIFA feed pins and divide phase-shift network;It is described
Work(divides phase-shift network for line polarization wave to be synthesized circularly polarised wave;The PIFA Shorted posts connection PIFA microstrip lines and metal are anti-
Penetrate bottom plate.
2. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 1 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that described PIFA days
The quantity of line, is 4 n times power, and N is natural number;It is preferred that being connected to one point of four road work(using 4 PIFA antennas divides phase-shift network net
Network;Or it is connected to one point of eight road work(using 8 PIFA antennas and divides phase-shift network.
3. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 1 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that the work(point moves
The differential feed port connection Balun chips of phase network, end fed port is converted to by Balun;The Balun chips list
End signal pin passes through medium substrate to connect metallic reflection bottom plate.
4. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 3 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that the work(point moves
Phase network divides phase-shift network for microstrip line work(, and including thin microstrip line and thick microstrip line, the thin microstrip line connects each respectively
The feed pin of PIFA antennas, the two thin microstrip line of two PIFA antenna feed pins of connection connects a thick microstrip line, two thin
The point that microstrip line and a thick microstrip line are connected is combining point, and the thick microstrip line forms differential feed port, is connected to Balun
On chip.
5. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 4 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that the subtle band
Line impedence is 100 ohm ± 20%, and the thick micro-strip line impedance is 50 ohm.
6. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 3 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that the work(point moves
The structures shape of the phase network polarization characteristic of antenna, the nearer PIFA antenna phases of distance combining point are advanced, distance combining point
PIFA antenna phases lag farther out, according to right-hand man's screw rule, the normal orientation of thumb directional antenna, advanced by phase
Antenna is directed toward the antenna of delayed phase, if referred to the right hand four, bending direction is consistent, and antenna is right-handed circular polarization antenna, and if
The finger bending direction of left hand four is consistent, and antenna is then left-hand circular polarization antenna.
7. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 1 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that the PIFA is micro-
The sum of length with line and feed pin is PIFA antenna lengths, and the length of PIFA antennas determines working frequency;Described PIFA days
The length of line isWherein, 1 λ be the wavelength of Antenna Operation center frequency point in free space, ε
Dielectric constant for medium substrate.
8. the circular polarized antenna according to claim 1 being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that the PIFA is micro-
Shape with line can be curved line or serpentine, fold line, be uniformly distributed by circumference, so as to fulfill antenna miniaturization.
9. a kind of circular polarisation active antenna being made of multiple PIFA antennas, which is characterized in that described by multiple PIFA antennas
The lower section integrated low-noise amplifier of the metallic reflection bottom plate of the circular polarized antenna of composition forms what is be made of multiple PIFA antennas
Circular polarisation active antenna.
10. a kind of antenna and the integrated inexpensive satellite navigation of receiver, which is characterized in that described by multiple PIFA
The lower section of the metallic reflection bottom plate of the circular polarized antenna of antenna composition while integrated low-noise amplifier and satellite navigation receiver,
Form antenna and the integrated inexpensive satellite navigation of receiver.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20210280984A1 (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Antenna |
WO2021238216A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized positioning antenna, and wearable apparatus |
EP4089837A1 (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-16 | u-blox AG | Antenna comprising multiple elements |
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