CN102267694B - Flotation activation system with gas self-supply structure for preparing activated carbon from fly ash - Google Patents
Flotation activation system with gas self-supply structure for preparing activated carbon from fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN102267694B CN102267694B CN 201110185116 CN201110185116A CN102267694B CN 102267694 B CN102267694 B CN 102267694B CN 201110185116 CN201110185116 CN 201110185116 CN 201110185116 A CN201110185116 A CN 201110185116A CN 102267694 B CN102267694 B CN 102267694B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for preparing high-specific-surface-area activated carbon from fly ash by adopting a flotation method. The system contains a flotation system and an activation system, wherein the flotation device contains a barrel which is arranged vertically, and a flotation plate, a distribution device, a circulating device, an overflow collection section and a tail ash collection section which are arranged in the barrel; the circulating device contains a circulating pipe and a circulating pump on the circulating pipe; and the circulating pipe is provided with a Venturi pipe structure and a gas-compensating device which is corresponding to the Venturi pipe structure and on the side wall of the circulating pipe with negative pressure. The invention has the following advantages: 1) the profiled structure of the Venturi pipe is utilized to implement gas self-supply, avoid installation of an independent gas supply device and save the manufacturing cost of the equipment; and 2) a gas-dispersing device injects gas to drive foam to scatter and float around in the barrel in a turbulence state, thus achieving better flotation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize flyash to make gac, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of band from the flotation activation system by the standby gac of coal ash for manufacturing of gas-supplying structure.
Background technology
Flyash is one of larger industrial residue of the current discharge capacity of China, present stage China's year bed drain purge reached 3,000 ten thousand tons.Along with the development of power industry, the flyash quantity discharged of coal-burning power plant increases year by year.Contain a large amount of unburned carbon granules in the flyash, after flotation, can be used as the raw material of making gac.
Chinese patent 200810031474.7 discloses a kind of flotation pillar special for fly ash, at flotation column cylindrical shell top pulp distributor is housed, establish multilayer bubbling plate in the cylindrical shell, multiple spot swirl-flow devices and multiple spot tail ash overflow weir are established in the cylindrical shell bottom, install the ore pulp distribution piping around the pulp distributor, around device circulating line, the circulating line upper end connects with the ore pulp distribution piping, lower end and swirl-flow devices connect, ore pulp distribution piping interface and feed inlet and outlet connect respectively the recycle pump two ends, the high-carbon balanced overflow plate of ash and high-carbon ash overflow collection mouth also are housed on flotation column top, and tail ash overflow weir is connected and installed with tail ash automatic control stuff box by pipeline.
Chinese patent 200920064391.8 discloses a kind of floatation column special for circulating fluidized, at the top pulp distributor is housed, in establish multilayer bubbling plate, the multiple spot swirl-flow devices is established in the bottom, the bottom is connected and installed taper tail ash receiving tank, install the ore pulp distribution piping around the pulp distributor, the peripheral device circulating line, the ore pulp distribution piping connects recycle pump, the high-carbon balanced overflow plate of ash also is housed on flotation column top and collects mouth, the tail ash tube road that its bottom of taper tail ash receiving tank connects is connected to tail ash automatic control stuff box.
Chinese patent 200920261379.6 discloses a kind of garbage microwave pyrolysis and has produced the stirring floatation equipment that gac uses; This stirring floatation equipment comprises: body part F, power section G and stirring flotation part H.Body part F comprises: stir flotation cylinder, frame, the outlet of flotation thing and mixture outlet, power section G comprises: stir the flotation motor and stir the flotation axle, stir the flotation motor and be fixedly installed on the described frame, stir the flotation motor and be connected with stirring flotation axle.Stirring flotation part H comprises: agitating vane and flotation blade, agitating vane are fixedly installed on described stirring flotation axle bottom, and the flotation blade is fixedly installed on described stirring flotation axle top.
Chinese patent 200920063583.7 discloses a kind of new installation of producing gac with flyash, comprises that the former ash of flyash that connects successively advances ash bucket, electronic measuring scale, box-type ash remover, ore pulp pretreater, first step flotation column, second stage flotation column, the first thickner, the first filter, the first dryer, gac Special grinding, water-and-oil separator, the second dryer; Ore pulp pretreater and second stage flotation column also are connected with the automatic medicament feeding machine of dispersion agent and composite floating chemical, and the gac Special grinding also is connected with the high pressure steam pipeline.
Chinese patent 200820046239.2 discloses a kind of flyash flotation carbon production apparatus, the flyash flotation carbon production apparatus comprises the screening module that can screen the flyash granularity, stirs module, can cleaned coal and tail ash content from flotation module, dehydration module and the transfer mechanism that becomes integral body with upper module successively organic connections.
The shortcoming of technique scheme is: 1, independent air jet system need to be set in flotation unit, increase manufacturing cost; 2, adopt swirl-flow devices that bubble is moved upward with the eddy flow state, its flotation effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of independent air jet system, band of not needing from the flotation activation system by the standby gac of coal ash for manufacturing of gas-supplying structure.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of flotation process that adopts by the system of coal ash for manufacturing gac, the activation system that it comprises floatation system and utilizes alkali to activate.Wherein, floatation system comprises at least one Self-air supplying flotation unit, and this Self-air supplying flotation unit comprises the cylindrical shell of vertical setting, the flotation plate that is positioned at cylindrical shell, distribution device, circulation device, overflow collection section, tail ash collection section; Wherein,
A plurality of holes are arranged on the flotation plate; The effect of this flotation plate has two: the one, make the different material layering with different buoyancy; The 2nd, the size of the limited aperture bubble by the hole on the flotation plate.The aperture in the hole on the flotation plate is 0.5 centimetre-5 centimetres, the flotation plate can be metal, various plastics or other material and makes, it specifically can be single or multiple lift, be preferably the multilayer that the interval arranges, 2-5 layer for example, be beneficial to the material in the cylindrical shell is divided into multilayer, make the larger ash content of proportion sink to bottom, make the higher particle of carbon content float to top layer.
The overflow collection section is positioned at the outside of the epimere of cylindrical shell, and its bottom is lower than the top of cylindrical shell, is used for collecting the particulate matter that overflows from the flotation section, and the bottom of overflow collection section is provided with discharge port; For example, the overflow collection section can be cylindrical vessel porose on the base plate, and the top of cylindrical shell passes from the hole on its base plate, and like this, the particulate matter that floatingly selects in the cylindrical shell is constantly upwards piled up, and just crosses barrel and flows in the overflow collection section; And for example, the top exterior walls of cylindrical shell is provided with overflow weir or upflow tube, and the overflow collection section is the container that is positioned at this overflow weir or upflow tube below;
Tail ash collection section is positioned at the bottom of described cylindrical shell, and it is provided with the outlet of tail ash;
Distribution device is positioned at top, overflow collection section, and it is provided with the container of many distributing pipelines for bottom or bottom; The end of distributing pipelines can be positioned at the top of top layer flotation plate, also can be positioned under any one deck flotation plate;
Circulation device comprises that circulating line reaches and the recycle pump that is positioned on the circulating line; Circulating line is provided with venturi tube structure, and in the circulating line side-walls corresponding to venturi tube structure, formation negative pressure, be provided with making-up air device, for example, this making-up air device can comprise gas supplementing opening and be connected in the blowdown pipe of this gas supplementing opening, and is provided with the cap that keeps off the rain for rain cover at the end of blowdown pipe.
The venturi tube structure here is to manufacture the same structure of Venturi tube, for example, comprises round entrance part, tapered portion, round shape throat and flaring part.Among the present invention, thereby the polymorphic structure that utilizes Venturi tube changes the speed of this pipe fluid of flowing through produces differential pressure, and make outside gas enter circulating line by making-up air device, and along with material enters in the cylindrical shell together, thereby in cylindrical shell, form bubble, avoided independent air feeder is set, saved the manufacturing cost of equipment.
The activation system of this system comprises:
The nitrogen supply (NS) device, it is connected with the nitrogen inlet mouth of activation furnace by the first connecting tube;
Activation furnace, it is encloses container, is provided with heating unit in it; This activation furnace comprises the first air outlet and nitrogen inlet mouth; Wherein, nitrogen inlet mouth place establishes and forms the nitrogen air curtain, and place, the first air outlet is connected with the second connecting tube;
The first retrieving arrangement, it establishes the encloses container of absorption liquid in being, and the second connecting tube injects in the first retrieving arrangement, and extends to below the liquid level of absorption liquid; The liquid level top of absorption liquid is provided with the air outlet.
System of the present invention is applicable to the priming reaction take alkali as activator.For example, take potassium hydroxide as activator, itself and the reaction at high temperature of charcoal particle are:
KOH+C→K
2CO
3+K
2O+H
2
KOH, K
2CO
3, K
2O forms etching to single graphite microcrystal or crystallite group and generates the hole of different pore size, and the micro-molecular gas that reaction generates in the reactivation process is such as CO, CO
2, H
2, H
2O, H
2S etc. in the process of existing duct outflow, play the effect of reaming because of high-temperature expansion.In addition, in the process of activation, have potassium metal steam and produce.Potassium metal steam will enter graphite layers, the effect of performance pore-creating, reaming.
Because potassium metal steam is very active, directly contacting with air can blast.Generation for fear of blast will pass into nitrogen in whole reactivation process, directly contact with air to stop potassium metal steam.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, floatation system comprises at least two Self-air supplying flotation units; Wherein, the discharge port of the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with the second flotation unit.
According to another embodiment of the present invention,
Floatation system also comprises the turbulent flow type flotation unit, and this turbulent flow type flotation unit comprises: the cylindrical shell that vertically arranges is positioned at the overflow collection section at this cylindrical shell top and is positioned at the tail ash collection section of this cylinder body bottom; The overflow collection section is provided with discharge port; Tail ash collection section is provided with the outlet of tail ash; This turbulent flow type flotation unit further comprises:
Be positioned at the loose device of air of cylindrical shell, the surface of this loose device of air is larger, is used for bubble and particle are reflected; In order to strengthen reflecting effect, the cone that this loose device of air is point upward is bucket-shaped; The conical surface of loose device of air is provided with a plurality of pores, and these a plurality of pores are set to separately to become different angle from horizontal plane, so that the material in the cylindrical shell forms turbulent flow;
Be positioned at the multilayer flotation plate of cylindrical shell, interval setting, wherein bottom flotation plate is positioned at the top of loose device of air;
Be positioned at the distribution device on top, overflow collection section, distribution device is the container that bottom or bottom are provided with many distributing pipelines, and the end of distributing pipelines is between loose device of air and bottom flotation plate;
Air feeder, this air feeder is communicated with a plurality of pores on the loose device of air by the first gas pipeline.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, floatation system comprises at least two flotation units, and the discharge port of the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with the second flotation unit; Wherein, the first flotation unit is the Self-air supplying flotation unit, and the second flotation unit is the turbulent flow type flotation unit; Perhaps, the first flotation unit is the turbulent flow type flotation unit, and the second flotation unit is the Self-air supplying flotation unit.
In addition, in the floatation system of the present invention, the first flotation unit can have one or more, for example 3-5; The second flotation unit can have one; The discharge port of a plurality of the first flotation units all is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with the second flotation unit, and namely the float product of a plurality of the first flotation units enters the second flotation unit and carries out again flotation, to improve the carbon content of final float product.
In order further to improve the present invention's Security of the system, preferably, in system of the present invention, its activation furnace further comprises the second air outlet, and this place, the second air outlet is provided with explosion trap, and above-mentioned nitrogen air curtain is positioned at the inboard of this explosion trap.
Like this, the pressure in activation furnace surpasses certain limit, and Explosion-proof valve is opened automatically.Be provided with like this two effects: the one, when gaseous tension hour, block the second air outlet of activation furnace, as the barrier that stops the gas overflowing in the activation furnace; The 2nd, when the violent expansion of the gas in the activation furnace surpasses certain limit (for example 3 kilograms), automatically open, avoid activation furnace to explode thorax.
The nitrogen air curtain is positioned at the inboard of explosion trap, has formed the twice barrier that stops the gas overflowing in the activation furnace with Explosion-proof valve.Even Explosion-proof valve is opened like this, under the stopping of nitrogen air curtain, the gas in the activation furnace still can't overflow.
In the whole reaction process and after the reaction, the gas in the activation furnace is passed in the first retrieving arrangement and reclaims.Absorption liquid (for example water) in the first retrieving arrangement will absorb KOH steam, the K in the gas
2CO
3Steam, K
2O steam and high temperature potassium steam pass in the atmosphere to avoid these to have contaminative, corrodibility, volatile hazardous gas.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, activation furnace is provided with vertical gas pipeline; The outlet on this gas pipeline top is the second air outlet, and this place, the second air outlet is provided with explosion trap; The below of the sidewall of this gas pipeline, the second air outlet has the nitrogen inlet mouth.The nitrogen inlet mouth is positioned under the Explosion-proof valve, and the high pressure nitrogen that constantly passes into forms the nitrogen air curtain at nitrogen inlet mouth place.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, this system also comprises carbonization system, and this carbonization system is between floatation system and activation system, and it comprises:
Combustion unit, it has inlet mouth and air outlet;
Bitubular rotary carbide furnace, it comprises rotatable inner core and rotatable urceolus, is positioned at the heating unit of inner core, drives the drive unit of inner core and urceolus rotation, and urceolus is enclosed within outside the inner core;
Combustion gas-flue gas loop structure, this loop structure is sent into the be heated combustion gas that produces of the powdered carbon raw material of charring furnace combustion unit and is burnt, and the flue gas that combustion gas produces is further used for heating the powdered carbon raw material, it comprise a plurality of openings of charring furnace and be connected in charring furnace and combustion unit between gas pipeline.
" powdered carbon raw material " alleged among the present invention refers in particular to the raw material of charing in charring furnace, and it can be the particulate state carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous particles that is for example made by the flyash flotation.
" combustion gas " alleged among the present invention refers in particular to the inflammable gas that the powdered carbon raw material produces under heat effect, it can comprise CO, H
2, CH
4, alkane, alkene, the various volatile components of coal tar wet goods; Alleged " flue gas " is the gas that produces after combustion gas is burnt in combustion unit.
Among the present invention, the inner core of charring furnace and the sense of rotation of urceolus can be identical, also can be opposite.Preferably, the dead in line of the axis of urceolus and inner core.
But the axis level of urceolus and inner core also can have small angle with horizontal plane, for example 5 °-8 °.Urceolus and inner core rotate under the driving of drive unit, make position powdered carbon heating raw materials in the inner get more even more abundant.
Combustion unit (for example roasting kiln) is positioned at outside the charring furnace, and it is connected with charring furnace by gas pipeline.Can be provided with gas pump in the middle of the gas pipeline.Like this, under the pumping of gas pump, the combustion gas that produces when the powdered carbon raw material charing in the charring furnace is decomposed enters combustion unit by gas pipeline inlet mouth burns in combustion unit.The high-temperature flue gas that produces after the burning passes in the charring furnace by gas pipeline.Close heating unit this moment, rely on the high-temperature flue gas in the charring furnace that the powdered carbon raw material in the charring furnace is heated and charing.The combustion gas that charing produces is again by blowback combustion unit internal combustion and produce high-temperature flue gas, so circulation.
Owing to being provided with combustion gas-flue gas loop structure, the inflammable gas that produces in the carbonization process enters the combustion unit from this loop structure and burns, the high-temperature flue gas that burning produces enters charring furnace from this loop structure, the powdered carbon raw material in the charring furnace is heated and then charing.Like this, both save the energy, and avoided again a large amount of inflammable gass to enter in the atmosphere, reduced environmental pollution.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, combustion gas-flue gas loop structure comprises the first opening, the second opening that is positioned at the inner core afterbody that is positioned at the inner core stem, the 3rd opening that is positioned at the urceolus afterbody; The second opening sleeve is within urceolus.
The number of the second opening can have a plurality of, for example be positioned at the equidistant same vertical section of the tail end of inner core on, urceolus all overlaps all second openings in the inner.
The powdered carbon raw material enters from the first opening part of inner core, under the effect of inner cylinder rotating, flows to the second opening, and enters urceolus through the second opening, and is same under the turning effort of urceolus, flows to the 3rd opening.Combustion gas-flue gas can be following current with the powdered carbon raw material and contacts, and also can be counter current contact.When the following current contact, the inflammable gas that the powdered carbon raw material produces under heat effect flows out charring furnace from the 3rd opening, enters combustion unit and burns; The high-temperature flue gas that the inflammable gas burning produces enters charring furnace from the first opening, and flows to the 3rd opening through the second opening.Work as counter current contact, the inflammable gas that the powdered carbon raw material produces under heat effect flows out charring furnace from the first opening, enters combustion unit and burns; The high-temperature flue gas that the inflammable gas burning produces enters charring furnace from the 3rd opening, and flows to the first opening through the second opening.The present invention is preferably the following current contact.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, gas pipeline comprise with the first gas pipeline of the first open communication, with the second gas pipeline of the 3rd open communication, the other end of the first gas pipeline leads to inlet mouth or the air outlet of combustion unit, and the other end of the second gas pipeline leads to air outlet or the inlet mouth of combustion unit.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Thereby the polymorphic structure that 1, utilizes Venturi tube changes the speed of this pipe fluid of flowing through produces differential pressure, and make outside gas enter circulating line by making-up air device, and along with material enters in the cylindrical shell together, thereby in cylindrical shell, form bubble, avoided independent air feeder is set, saved the manufacturing cost of equipment;
2, loose device of air is jet, and the driving bubble scatters floating in cylindrical shell with turbulent state, reach better flotation effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the floatation system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the carbonization system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the activation system of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the floatation system of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment utilizes the fly ash grain flotation to obtain carbon granule (powdered carbon raw material), after drying, the granulation, again it is carried out charing, and the powdered carbon after the charing is activated, and it comprises floatation system, carbonization system, activation system (as shown in Figure 1).
Figure 2 shows that the floatation system of the present embodiment, it comprises a Self-air supplying flotation unit, and this Self-air supplying flotation unit comprises: storage device 18, distribution device 11, the cylindrical shell 12 that vertically arranges, overflow collection section 13, tail ash collection section 14, multilayer flotation plate 15, circulation device 16, tail ash bin 17.
Wherein, be provided with whipping appts 1801 in the storage device 18, be used for powdered coal ash slurry and flotation agent are fully stirred.The bottom of storage device 18 is provided with charging line 1802, and charging line 1802 is provided with slag stock pump 1803, and this charging line 1802 leads to distribution device 1.
Be provided with the multilayer flotation plate 15 (for example 3 layers) that the interval arranges in the cylindrical shell 12.
Tail ash collection section 14 is positioned at cylindrical shell 12 bottoms, and it be that the cone of pointed end is bucket-shaped, and the place, tip of its bottom is provided with the tail ash and exports 1401.Tail ash outlet 1401 connects tail ash tube road 1402, and the height of the end in this tail ash tube road 1402 is positioned on the top layer flotation plate 15, to adjust the liquid level in the flotation unit.The end in tail ash tube road 1402 is provided with the liquid level regulation apparatus (not shown), liquid level regulation apparatus comprises tubule, the capping that is fixedly connected on the tubule top that is inserted in the tail ash tube road 1402, the screw mandrel that is fixedly connected on the capping top, wherein the external diameter of tubule is consistent with the internal diameter in tail ash tube road 1402, and the sidewall on tubule top is provided with a plurality of slotted holes; Screw mandrel is provided with swing handle, by the rotation swing handle screw mandrel is rotated, and moves up and down thereby drive the tubule that is inserted in the tail ash tube road 1402.And then the liquid level in the adjusting cylindrical shell 12.
Wherein, material collection section 161 comprises many (for example 4) discharging section 1611 and collection sections 1612.One end of these many discharging sections 1611 all is connected in the sidewall of cylindrical shell 12, and tie point is positioned at the below of bottom flotation plate 15, and the other end all is connected in collection section 1612.Collection section 1612 is the semi-annular shape that vertically arranges.
One end of material pumping section 162 connects collection section 1612; Recycle pump 1621 is positioned on this material pumping section 162.
The other end of material pumping section 62 connects material shunting section 63, and this material diversion section 63 is horizontally disposed circular.
Material tonifying Qi section 164 has many (for example 4), and an end of these many material tonifying Qi sections 164 all is connected in material pumping section 162, and the other end all is connected in the sidewall of cylindrical shell 12, and tie point is positioned at the below of bottom flotation plate 15.
Be equipped with venturi tube structure 1641 in every material tonifying Qi section 164, the sidewall of every material tonifying Qi section 164, the position that forms negative pressure corresponding to venturi tube structure 1641 are provided with making-up air device, and this making-up air device comprises gas supplementing opening and is connected in the blowdown pipe 1642 of this gas supplementing opening.
The principle of work of this floatation system is: the main component of flyash is carbon granule and ash content.After adding flotation agent and/or collecting agent and/or other auxiliary agent, the particle in the flyash contacts, collides with bubble, and the carbon granule that flotability is good optionally adheres to bubble, and is carried rising, realizes flotation.The poor ash content of flotability is then to sinking.
Figure 3 shows that the carbonization system of the present embodiment, it comprises for example roasting kiln 27 of charring furnace and combustion unit.Wherein charring furnace comprises the drive unit (not shown) of feeding unit 21, rotatable inner core 22, rotatable urceolus 23, collection device 24, combustion gas-flue gas loop structure 25, heating unit 26, driving inner core and urceolus rotation.
Wherein, inner core 22 is the cylinder of sealing, its axis horizontal, and its inwall is provided with a plurality of plate (not shown) of raising; The end face of inner core 22 stems is provided with the first opening 2503; The side of inner core 22 afterbodys is provided with a plurality of the second openings 2504, its all be positioned at the equidistant same vertical section of the tail end of inner core 22 on.
Feeding unit 21 is the feed pipe 2101 that is communicated with the first opening 2503; The bottom sealing of feed pipe 2101, the top is provided with opening for feed 2102; Be provided with the baffle plate 2103 that is obliquely installed, point to the first opening 2503 in the feed pipe 2101; The below of the sidewall of feed pipe 2101, the first opening 2503 is provided with the 5th opening 2502, the five openings 2502 and connects the first gas pipeline 2501 that leads to combustion unit.
Urceolus 23 is round table-like for sealing, the dead in line of its axis and inner core 22, and the side of urceolus 23 and the angle of axis are 10 °; Urceolus 23 is enclosed within outside the inner core 22, and a plurality of second openings 2504 of inner core 22 are enclosed within the urceolus 23; Urceolus 23 thinner stems are close to the afterbody of inner core 22, the stem that urceolus 23 thicker afterbodys are close to inner core 22; The inwall of urceolus 23 is provided with a plurality of plate (not shown) of raising.The side of urceolus 23 afterbodys is provided with a plurality of the 3rd openings 2505, its all be positioned at the equidistant same vertical section of the tail end of urceolus 23 on.
Collection device 24 is enclosed within outside the urceolus 23, and all the 3rd openings 2505 are all overlapped in the inner, and the top of collection device 24 is provided with the 4th opening 2506, the four openings 2506 and connects the second gas pipeline 2507 that leads to combustion unit.The bottom of drawing mechanism 24 is provided with discharge pipe 2401.
Combustion gas-flue gas loop structure 25 comprises the first gas pipeline 2501, the 5th opening 2502, the first opening 2503, the second opening 2504, the 3rd opening 2505, the 4th opening 2506, the second gas pipeline 2507.
Heating unit 26 is the axle shape electric heating tube that is positioned at the axis place of inner core 22.
Roasting kiln 27 comprises gitter brick 2701, the inlet mouth 2702 that is positioned at roasting kiln 27 belows that is positioned at roasting kiln, the air outlet 2703 that is positioned at roasting kiln 27 tops.The inlet mouth 2702 of roasting kiln 27 is connected with the other end of the second gas pipeline 2507, is provided with gas pump 28 in the middle of the second gas pipeline 2507.The other end of the first gas pipeline 2501 is connected to the air outlet 2703 of roasting kiln.
The workflow of this carbonization system is as follows:
1, powdered carbon raw material.Carbon granule through flotation enters feed pipe 2101 as the powdered carbon raw material from opening for feed 2102, after being stopped by baffle plate 2103, enter inner core 22 from the first opening 2503, under the driving of drive unit, inner core 22 and urceolus 23 rotations, the plate of raising that drive is positioned on inner core 22 and urceolus 23 inwalls rotates, and the direction of powdered carbon raw material to the second opening 2504 pushed.In the process that the powdered carbon raw material moves ahead, contact with the heating unit 26 or the high-temperature flue gas that are positioned at inner core 22, and be heated.The powdered carbon raw material falls into urceolus 23 from the second opening 2504, and the plate of raising that is rotated pushes to the direction of the 3rd opening 2505.In whole moving process, the powdered carbon raw material is heated, dry, pyrolysis, finally by charing.Powdered carbon raw material after the charing is fallen in the collection device 24 that is enclosed within outside the urceolus 23 from the 3rd opening 2505, and leaves charring furnace through discharge pipe 2401.
2, combustion gas-flue gas.Combustion gas-flue gas is that following current contacts with the powdered carbon raw material in the present embodiment.Under the heat effect of heating unit 26, powdered carbon raw material in the inner core 22 produces inflammable gas under heat effect, this inflammable gas enters urceolus 23 along the flow direction of powdered carbon raw material through the second opening 2504, and enter roasting kiln 27 through the 3rd opening 2505, the 4th opening 2506, the second gas pipeline 2507, in roasting kiln 27, produce the flue gas of high temperature after the burning.High-temperature flue gas enters inner core 22 through the first gas pipeline 2501, the 5th opening 2502, the first opening 2503.Powdered carbon raw material in the inner core 22 produces inflammable gas under the heat effect of high-temperature flue gas, this inflammable gas repeats above-mentioned flow process.
Figure 4 shows that the activation system of the present embodiment, it comprises activation furnace 31, nitrogen supply (NS) device 32, the first retrieving arrangement 33, the second retrieving arrangement 34.
Wherein, activation furnace 31 is encloses container, is provided with material container such as nickel crucible 3101, heating unit such as many electrical heating wires 3102 in it; Its top is provided with vertical gas pipeline 3103, and the outlet on gas pipeline 3103 tops is the first air outlet, and this place, the first air outlet is provided with explosion trap 3104, and when the violent expansion of the gas in the activation furnace surpassed certain limit, explosion trap 3104 was opened automatically.The below of the sidewall of gas pipeline 3103, the first air outlet is provided with nitrogen inlet mouth 3105.The body of heater of activation furnace 31 is provided with the second air outlet 3106; Place, the second air outlet 3106 is connected with the second connecting tube 3107; Activation furnace 31 is the intermittent type activation furnace, and its side is provided with the end cap 3108 that can open, and end cap is provided with the water cooled pipeline (not shown) for logical water coolant.Activation furnace 31 is provided with for the tensimeter 3109 that shows in the stove.Activation furnace 31 also comprises the heating control cabinet 3110 for control electrical heating wire 3102, to realize accurately controlling Heating temperature and heat-up time.
Nitrogen supply (NS) device 32 is connected with the nitrogen inlet mouth 3105 of activation furnace 31 by the first connecting tube 3201;
The first retrieving arrangement 33 is encloses container, is provided with absorption liquid 3306, the second connecting tubes 3107 in it and injects in the first retrieving arrangement 33, and extend to below the liquid level of absorption liquid 3306; The top of absorption liquid 3306 liquid levels, the top of the first retrieving arrangement 33 are provided with air outlet 3301.The bottom of the first retrieving arrangement 33 is provided with the first recovery channel 3303 that reclaims liquid outlet 3302 and be connected in this recovery liquid outlet 3302, and this first recovery channel 3303 is provided with valve.The first retrieving arrangement 33 is provided with the water level gauge 3304 for water level in the display unit, and the pressure regulator valve 3305 that is used for regulating activation furnace 31 internal pressures.
The second retrieving arrangement 34 is encloses container, and it is provided with opening for feed 3401, material recycle mouth 3402, venting port 3403, filtering net 3405.Opening for feed 3401 is located at the sidewall of the second retrieving arrangement 34, the below of filtering net 3405, and is connected with the air outlet 3301 of the first retrieving arrangement 33 by the 3rd connecting tube 3404; Material recycle mouth 3402 is positioned at the bottom of the second retrieving arrangement 34; Venting port 3403 is arranged at the top of the second retrieving arrangement 34, the top of filtering net 3405.Venting port 3403 is externally connected with gas exhaust duct 3408.The length of the 3rd connecting tube 3404 is longer, and the gas in such the first retrieving arrangement 33 has sufficient time cooling in the process through the 3rd connecting tube 3404.The second recovery channel 3406 is connected in material recycle mouth 3402, and this second recovery channel 3406 is provided with valve.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5, the other parts of the present embodiment are similar to embodiment 1, and its difference is, floatation system comprises two flotation units, and its first flotation unit is Self-air supplying flotation unit shown in Figure 2, and its second flotation unit is the turbulent flow type flotation unit.
The second flotation unit of this turbulent flow type comprises: distribution device 12 ', the cylindrical shell 13 ' that vertically arranges, the loose device of air 14 ' of the bucket-shaped reflection of cone, multilayer flotation plate 15 ', air feeder 16 ', physical separation means such as ultrasonic separation device 18 ', screen plate 19 ', overflow collection section 1301 ', tail ash collection section 1305 '.
The cylindrical shell 13 ' that vertically arranges can be divided into three parts, is followed successively by from top to bottom: the first flotation section 1302 ', divergent cone section 1303 ', the second flotation section 1304 '.Wherein, the first flotation section 1302 ' is thinner, is provided with one deck flotation plate 15 ' in it.The second flotation section 1304 ' is thicker, is provided with loose device of air 14 ' and one deck flotation plate 15 ' in it.Divergent cone section 1303 ' is positioned between the first flotation section 1302 ' and the second flotation section 1304 ', is the bucket-shaped transitional region of the cone of point upward.
Overflow collection section 1301 ' to first flotation section 1302 ' is thick, be enclosed within outside the first flotation section 1302 ', and the top of the first flotation section 1302 ' is positioned between the top and bottom of overflow collection section 1301 '; In addition, the bottom of overflow collection section 1301 ' is provided with discharge port 1309 '.
Tail ash collection section 1305 ' is that the cone of pointed end is bucket-shaped, and its bottom tip place is provided with tail ash outlet 1306 '.Between the second flotation section 1304 ' and tail ash collection section 1305 ', be provided with screen plate 19 '.
The cone that loose device of air 14 ' is point upward is bucket-shaped, and its cone bucket angle is 120 °, and its conical surface is provided with a plurality of pores 1401 '; It is positioned at the second flotation section 1304 ', and is positioned at 1305 ' top, the bucket-shaped tail ash of cone collection section.Loose device of air 14 ' is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic separation means 18 '.
Multilayer (for example two-layer) the flotation plate 15 ' that the interval arranges lays respectively in the first flotation section 1302 ' and the second flotation section 1304 ', and wherein the flotation plate 15 ' of bottom is positioned at the top of the bucket-shaped loose device of air 14 ' of cone.
Distribution device 12 ' is positioned at 1301 ' top, overflow collection section, is provided with the container of many (for example 8) distributing pipelines 1201 ' for the bottom.The end of distributing pipelines 1201 ' is positioned within the second flotation section 1304 ', bores between bucket-shaped loose device of air 14 ' and the bottom flotation plate 15 '.
The discharge port 1301 of the first flotation unit connects discharge pipe 1302, and the other end of this discharge pipe 1302 leads to the distribution device 12 ' of the second flotation unit.
Air feeder 16 ' connects the first gas pipeline 1601 ' and the second gas pipeline 1602 '; Wherein, the first gas pipeline 1601 ' is communicated with a plurality of pores 1401 ' of cone on the bucket-shaped loose device of air 14 ', and the second gas pipeline 1602 ' leads to distribution device 12 '.
The workflow of this floatation system can be divided into two stages: the fs in the first flotation unit and the subordinate phase in the second flotation unit.
Wherein the fs is: the powdered coal ash slurry in storage device 18 adds flotation agent, forms mixture.The charging line 1802 of this mixture through being positioned at storage device 18 bottoms enters distribution device 11.Powdered coal ash in the distribution device 11 and many distributing pipelines 1103 of mixture through being positioned at distribution device 11 bottoms or bottom of flotation agent enter cylindrical shell 12, fall on the flotation plate 15 of top layer.Then be passed down through layer by layer flotation plate 15, arrive the bottom of cylindrical shell 12, enter circulating line, and come back in the cylindrical shell 12 from circulating line.Venturi tube structure 1641 in the circulating line produces negative pressure, makes outside gas enter circulating line from gas supplementing opening, and along with material enters in the cylindrical shell 12 together, thereby at cylindrical shell 12 interior formation bubbles.Carbon granule adheres to bubble under the effect of flotation agent, scatter floating and move upward, and by the hole on each layer flotation plate 15, falls on the flotation plate 15 of the superiors smoothly, realizes the flotation of carbon granule.The poor ash content of flotability is fallen tail ash collection section 14 then not by the flotation of flotation plate, and discharges from ash discharging hole 1701 through tail ash tube road 1402.The carbon granule that floatingly selects is collected in the overflow collection section 13, and from discharge port 1301 in discharge pipe 1302 enters the distribution device 11 ' of the second flotation unit, begun the subordinate phase of flotation.
Subordinate phase be that the carbon granule that floatingly selects with the fs is as the further flotation of raw material, to make the higher particle of carbon content.Its flow process and fs are similar, are specially: many distributing pipelines 1201 ' of particle through being positioned at distribution device 12 ' bottom or bottom in the distribution device 12 ' enter cylindrical shell 13 '.Air feeder 16 ' is by the air feed in the cylindrical shell 13 ' of the pore on the loose device of air 14 ', carbon granule adheres to bubble under the effect of flotation agent, and scatter floating and move upward with turbulent state, smoothly by the hole on each layer flotation plate 15 ', fall on the flotation plate 15 ' of the superiors, realize the flotation of carbon granule.The carbon granule that floatingly selects is collected in the overflow collection section 1301 '.The poor ash content of flotability is fallen tail ash collection section 1305 ' then not by the 15 ' flotation of flotation plate.
Embodiment 3
The other parts of the present embodiment are similar to embodiment 1, and its difference is, floatation system comprises two flotation units, and these two flotation units are the Self-air supplying flotation unit.Wherein, the discharge port of the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with the second flotation unit.
Embodiment 4
The other parts of the present embodiment are similar to embodiment 2, and its difference is, floatation system comprises two flotation units, and its first flotation unit is the turbulent flow type flotation unit, and its second flotation unit is the Self-air supplying flotation unit.Wherein, the discharge port of the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with the second flotation unit.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, is not to limit scope of the invention process.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, within not breaking away from invention scope of the present invention, when doing a little improvement, namely every equal improvement of doing according to the present invention should be invention scope of the present invention and contains.
Claims (10)
1. system by the standby gac of coal ash for manufacturing, it comprises floatation system and activation system, wherein, described floatation system comprises at least one Self-air supplying flotation unit, and described Self-air supplying flotation unit comprises the cylindrical shell of vertical setting, the flotation plate that is positioned at described cylindrical shell, distribution device, circulation device, overflow collection section and tail ash collection section; Wherein,
Described overflow collection section is arranged at the outside of the epimere of described cylindrical shell, and its bottom is provided with discharge port;
Described tail ash collection section is arranged at the bottom of described cylindrical shell, and it is provided with the outlet of tail ash;
Described distribution device is positioned at top, described overflow collection section, and it is provided with the container of many distributing pipelines for bottom or bottom; And
Described circulation device comprises that circulating line reaches and the recycle pump that is positioned on the described circulating line; Described circulating line is provided with venturi tube structure, and in the circulating line side-walls corresponding to venturi tube structure, formation negative pressure, is provided with making-up air device;
Described activation system comprises:
The nitrogen supply (NS) device, it is connected with the nitrogen inlet mouth of activation furnace by the first connecting tube;
Activation furnace, it is encloses container, is provided with heating unit in it; Described activation furnace comprises the first air outlet and nitrogen inlet mouth; Described nitrogen inlet mouth place establishes and forms the nitrogen air curtain, and place, described the first air outlet is connected with the second connecting tube;
The first retrieving arrangement, it establishes the encloses container of absorption liquid in being, and described the second connecting tube injects in described the first retrieving arrangement, and extends to below the liquid level of described absorption liquid; The liquid level top of described absorption liquid is provided with the air outlet.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described floatation system comprises at least two Self-air supplying flotation units; Wherein, the discharge port of the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with the second flotation unit.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described floatation system also comprises the turbulent flow type flotation unit, described turbulent flow type flotation unit comprises: the turbulent flow type flotation unit cylindrical shell that vertically arranges is positioned at the turbulent flow type flotation unit overflow collection section at this turbulent flow type flotation unit cylindrical shell top and is positioned at the turbulent flow type flotation unit tail ash collection section of this turbulent flow type flotation unit cylinder body bottom; Described turbulent flow type flotation unit overflow collection section is provided with turbulent flow type flotation unit discharge port; Described turbulent flow type flotation unit tail ash collection section is provided with the outlet of turbulent flow type flotation unit tail ash;
Be positioned at the loose device of air of described turbulent flow type flotation unit cylindrical shell, the surface of this loose device of air is provided with a plurality of pores, and these a plurality of pores are set to separately to become different angle from horizontal plane;
Be positioned at the multilayer turbulent flow type flotation unit flotation plate of described turbulent flow type flotation unit cylindrical shell, interval setting, wherein bottom flotation plate is positioned at the top of described loose device of air;
Be positioned at the turbulent flow type flotation unit distribution device of top, described turbulent flow type flotation unit overflow collection section, described turbulent flow type flotation unit distribution device is the container that bottom or bottom are provided with many turbulent flow type flotation unit distributing pipelines, and the end of described turbulent flow type flotation unit distributing pipelines is between described loose device of air and described bottom flotation plate;
Air feeder, this air feeder is communicated with a plurality of pores on the described loose device of air by the first gas pipeline.
4. system as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described floatation system comprises at least two flotation units, described Self-air supplying flotation unit is the first flotation unit, described turbulent flow type flotation unit is the second flotation unit, wherein, the discharge port of described the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with described the second flotation unit.
5. system as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described floatation system comprises at least two flotation units, described turbulent flow type flotation unit is the first flotation unit, described Self-air supplying flotation unit is the second flotation unit, wherein, the discharge port of described the first flotation unit is connected by the distribution device of discharge pipe with described the second flotation unit.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the activation furnace of described activation system further comprises the second air outlet, and place, described the second air outlet is provided with explosion trap, and described nitrogen air curtain is positioned at the inboard of this explosion trap.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the activation furnace of described activation system is provided with vertical gas pipeline; The outlet on this gas pipeline top is set to described the second air outlet; The below of the sidewall of this gas pipeline, described the second air outlet is provided with described nitrogen inlet mouth.
8. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described system also comprises carbonization system, and described charing system is between described floatation system and described activation system, and it comprises:
Combustion unit, it has inlet mouth and air outlet;
Bitubular rotary carbide furnace, it comprises rotatable inner core and rotatable urceolus, is positioned at the heating unit of described inner core, drives the drive unit of described inner core and the rotation of described urceolus, and described urceolus is enclosed within outside the described inner core;
Combustion gas-flue gas loop structure, this loop structure is sent into the be heated combustion gas that produces of the powdered carbon raw material of charring furnace combustion unit and is burnt, and the flue gas that combustion gas produces is further used for heating the powdered carbon raw material, it comprise a plurality of openings of described charring furnace and be connected in described charring furnace and described combustion unit between gas pipeline.
9. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, a plurality of openings of described charring furnace comprise the inner core stem that is positioned at described charring furnace the first opening, be positioned at the inner core afterbody of described charring furnace the second opening, be positioned at the 3rd opening of the urceolus afterbody of described charring furnace; Described the second opening sleeve is within described urceolus.
10. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described gas pipeline comprise with the first gas pipeline of described the first open communication, with the second gas pipeline of described the 3rd open communication, the other end of described the first gas pipeline leads to inlet mouth or the air outlet of described combustion unit, and the other end of described the second gas pipeline leads to air outlet or the inlet mouth of described combustion unit.
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| CN 201110185116 CN102267694B (en) | 2011-07-04 | 2011-07-04 | Flotation activation system with gas self-supply structure for preparing activated carbon from fly ash |
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| CN 201110185116 CN102267694B (en) | 2011-07-04 | 2011-07-04 | Flotation activation system with gas self-supply structure for preparing activated carbon from fly ash |
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| CN101671016A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-17 | 湖南锋华粉煤灰开发有限公司 | Novel process for preparing activated carbon by use of fly ash |
| CN101823027A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Uniform middling distributor of large-size rotational flow microbubble flotation column |
| CN202131096U (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2012-02-01 | 福建省龙岩龙能粉煤灰综合利用有限公司 | Flotation and activation system adopting fly ash to prepare activated carbon |
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2011
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| US5227047A (en) * | 1990-05-24 | 1993-07-13 | Board Of Control Of Michigan Technological University | Wet process for fly ash beneficiation |
| CN101671016A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-17 | 湖南锋华粉煤灰开发有限公司 | Novel process for preparing activated carbon by use of fly ash |
| CN101823027A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Uniform middling distributor of large-size rotational flow microbubble flotation column |
| CN202131096U (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2012-02-01 | 福建省龙岩龙能粉煤灰综合利用有限公司 | Flotation and activation system adopting fly ash to prepare activated carbon |
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